docs: cut release v1.138.0

Signed-off-by: Artem Fetishev <rtm@victoriametrics.com>

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-# Project Overview
-
-VictoriaMetrics is a fast, cost-saving, and scalable solution for monitoring and managing time series data. It delivers high performance and reliability, making it an ideal choice for businesses of all sizes.
-
-## Folder Structure
-
-- `/app`: Contains the compilable binaries.
-- `/lib`: Contains the golang reusable libraries
-- `/docs/victoriametrics`: Contains documentation for the project.
-- `/apptest/tests`: Contains integration tests.
-
-## Libraries and Frameworks
-
-- Backend: Golang, no framework. Use third-party libraries sparingly.
-- Frontend: React.
-
-## Code review guidelines
-
-Ensure the feature or bugfix includes a changelog entry in /docs/victoriametrics/changelog/CHANGELOG.md.
-Verify the entry is under the ## tip section and matches the structure and style of existing entries.
-Chore-only changes may be omitted from the changelog.
-
-

.github/workflows/docs.yaml

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
           path: __vm-docs
 
       - name: Import GPG key
-        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v6
+        uses: crazy-max/ghaction-import-gpg@v7
         id: import-gpg
         with:
           gpg_private_key: ${{ secrets.VM_BOT_GPG_PRIVATE_KEY }}

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ jobs:
       - run: go version
 
       - name: Run tests
-        run: GOGC=10 make ${{ matrix.scenario}}
+        run: make ${{ matrix.scenario}}
 
       - name: Publish coverage
         uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ jobs:
 
   apptest:
     name: apptest
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    runs-on: apptest
 
     steps:
       - name: Code checkout

SECURITY.md

@@ -12,6 +12,31 @@ The following versions of VictoriaMetrics receive regular security fixes:
 
 See [this page](https://victoriametrics.com/security/) for more details.
 
+## Software Bill of Materials (SBOM)
+
+Every VictoriaMetrics container{{% available_from "#" %}} image published to
+[Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/u/victoriametrics)
+and [Quay.io](https://quay.io/organization/victoriametrics)
+includes an [SPDX](https://spdx.dev/) SBOM attestation
+generated automatically by BuildKit during
+`docker buildx build`.
+
+To inspect the SBOM for an image:
+
+```sh
+docker buildx imagetools inspect \
+  docker.io/victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:latest \
+  --format "{{ json .SBOM }}"
+```
+
+To scan an image using its SBOM attestation with
+[Trivy](https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy):
+
+```sh
+trivy image --sbom-sources oci \
+  docker.io/victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:latest
+```
+
 ## Reporting a Vulnerability
 
 Please report any security issues to <security@victoriametrics.com>

app/vmagent/datadogsketches/request_handler.go

@@ -49,6 +49,11 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, sketches []*datadogsketches.Sketch, extraLabels
 				Name:  "__name__",
 				Value: m.Name,
 			})
+			// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10557
+			labels = append(labels, prompb.Label{
+				Name:  "host",
+				Value: sketch.Host,
+			})
 			for _, label := range m.Labels {
 				labels = append(labels, prompb.Label{
 					Name:  label.Name,
@@ -57,9 +62,6 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, sketches []*datadogsketches.Sketch, extraLabels
 			}
 			for _, tag := range sketch.Tags {
 				name, value := datadogutil.SplitTag(tag)
-				if name == "host" {
-					name = "exported_host"
-				}
 				labels = append(labels, prompb.Label{
 					Name:  name,
 					Value: value,

app/vmalert/config/config.go

@@ -81,12 +81,9 @@ func (g *Group) Validate(validateTplFn ValidateTplFn, validateExpressions bool)
 	if g.Interval.Duration() < 0 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("interval shouldn't be lower than 0")
 	}
-	if g.EvalOffset.Duration() < 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("eval_offset shouldn't be lower than 0")
-	}
-	// if `eval_offset` is set, interval won't use global evaluationInterval flag and must bigger than offset.
-	if g.EvalOffset.Duration() > g.Interval.Duration() {
-		return fmt.Errorf("eval_offset should be smaller than interval; now eval_offset: %v, interval: %v", g.EvalOffset.Duration(), g.Interval.Duration())
+	// if `eval_offset` is set, the group interval must be specified explicitly(instead of inherited from global evaluationInterval flag) and must bigger than offset.
+	if g.EvalOffset.Duration().Abs() > g.Interval.Duration() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("the abs value of eval_offset should be smaller than interval; now eval_offset: %v, interval: %v", g.EvalOffset.Duration(), g.Interval.Duration())
 	}
 	if g.EvalOffset != nil && g.EvalDelay != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("eval_offset cannot be used with eval_delay")

app/vmalert/config/config_test.go

@@ -176,11 +176,17 @@ func TestGroupValidate_Failure(t *testing.T) {
 	}, false, "interval shouldn't be lower than 0")
 
 	f(&Group{
-		Name:       "wrong eval_offset",
+		Name:       "too big eval_offset",
 		Interval:   promutil.NewDuration(time.Minute),
 		EvalOffset: promutil.NewDuration(2 * time.Minute),
 	}, false, "eval_offset should be smaller than interval")
 
+	f(&Group{
+		Name:       "too big negative eval_offset",
+		Interval:   promutil.NewDuration(time.Minute),
+		EvalOffset: promutil.NewDuration(-2 * time.Minute),
+	}, false, "eval_offset should be smaller than interval")
+
 	limit := -1
 	f(&Group{
 		Name:  "wrong limit",

app/vmalert/main.go

@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ absolute path to all .tpl files in root.
  -rule.templates="dir/**/*.tpl". Includes all the .tpl files in "dir" subfolders recursively.
 `)
 
-	configCheckInterval = flag.Duration("configCheckInterval", 0, "Interval for checking for changes in '-rule' or '-notifier.config' files. "+
+	configCheckInterval = flag.Duration("configCheckInterval", 0, "Interval for checking for changes in '-rule', '-rule.templates' and '-notifier.config' files. "+
 		"By default, the checking is disabled. Send SIGHUP signal in order to force config check for changes.")
 
 	httpListenAddrs  = flagutil.NewArrayString("httpListenAddr", "Address to listen for incoming http requests. See also -tls and -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")

app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go

@@ -186,6 +186,11 @@ func (c *Client) run(ctx context.Context) {
 				return
 			case <-ticker.C:
 				c.flush(ctx, wr)
+				// drain the potential stale tick to avoid small or empty flushes after a slow flush.
+				select {
+				case <-ticker.C:
+				default:
+				}
 			case ts, ok := <-c.input:
 				if !ok {
 					continue

app/vmalert/rule/group.go

@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ var (
 		"0 means no limit.")
 	ruleUpdateEntriesLimit = flag.Int("rule.updateEntriesLimit", 20, "Defines the max number of rule's state updates stored in-memory. "+
 		"Rule's updates are available on rule's Details page and are used for debugging purposes. The number of stored updates can be overridden per rule via update_entries_limit param.")
-	resendDelay        = flag.Duration("rule.resendDelay", 0, "MiniMum amount of time to wait before resending an alert to notifier.")
-	maxResolveDuration = flag.Duration("rule.maxResolveDuration", 0, "Limits the maxiMum duration for automatic alert expiration, "+
+	resendDelay        = flag.Duration("rule.resendDelay", 0, "Minimum amount of time to wait before resending an alert to notifier.")
+	maxResolveDuration = flag.Duration("rule.maxResolveDuration", 0, "Limits the maximum duration for automatic alert expiration, "+
 		"which by default is 4 times evaluationInterval of the parent group")
 	evalDelay = flag.Duration("rule.evalDelay", 30*time.Second, "Adjustment of the 'time' parameter for rule evaluation requests to compensate intentional data delay from the datasource. "+
 		"Normally, should be equal to '-search.latencyOffset' (cmd-line flag configured for VictoriaMetrics single-node or vmselect). "+
@@ -484,8 +484,15 @@ func (g *Group) UpdateWith(newGroup *Group) {
 // delayBeforeStart calculates delay based on Group ID, so all groups will start at different moments of time.
 func (g *Group) delayBeforeStart(ts time.Time, maxDelay time.Duration) time.Duration {
 	if g.EvalOffset != nil {
+		offset := *g.EvalOffset
+		// adjust the offset for negative evalOffset, the rule is:
+		// `eval_offset: -x` is equivalent to `eval_offset: y` for `interval: x+y`.
+		// For example, `eval_offset: -6m` is equivalent to `eval_offset: 4m` for `interval: 10m`.
+		if offset < 0 {
+			offset += g.Interval
+		}
 		// if offset is specified, ignore the maxDelay and return a duration aligned with offset
-		currentOffsetPoint := ts.Truncate(g.Interval).Add(*g.EvalOffset)
+		currentOffsetPoint := ts.Truncate(g.Interval).Add(offset)
 		if currentOffsetPoint.Before(ts) {
 			// wait until the next offset point
 			return currentOffsetPoint.Add(g.Interval).Sub(ts)

app/vmalert/rule/group_test.go

@@ -606,6 +606,15 @@ func TestGroupStartDelay(t *testing.T) {
 	f("2023-01-01T00:03:30.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00")
 	f("2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00")
 
+	// test group with negative offset -2min, which is equivalent to 3min offset for 5min interval
+	offset = -2 * time.Minute
+	g.EvalOffset = &offset
+
+	f("2023-01-01T00:00:15.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:03:00.000+00:00")
+	f("2023-01-01T00:01:00.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:03:00.000+00:00")
+	f("2023-01-01T00:03:30.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00")
+	f("2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00", "2023-01-01T00:08:00.000+00:00")
+
 	maxDelay = time.Minute * 1
 	g.EvalOffset = nil
 

app/vmauth/auth_config.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"regexp"
+	"slices"
 	"sort"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fasttime"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs/fscore"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/netutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
@@ -90,6 +92,8 @@ type UserInfo struct {
 
 	MetricLabels map[string]string `yaml:"metric_labels,omitempty"`
 
+	AccessLog *AccessLog `yaml:"access_log,omitempty"`
+
 	concurrencyLimitCh      chan struct{}
 	concurrencyLimitReached *metrics.Counter
 
@@ -102,11 +106,40 @@ type UserInfo struct {
 	requestsDuration *metrics.Summary
 }
 
+// AccessLog represents configuration for access log settings.
+type AccessLog struct {
+	Filters *AccessLogFilters `yaml:"filters"`
+}
+
+// AccessLogFilters represents list of filters for access logs printing
+type AccessLogFilters struct {
+	// SkipStatusCodes is a list of HTTP status codes for which access logs will be skipped
+	SkipStatusCodes []int `yaml:"skip_status_codes"`
+}
+
+func (ui *UserInfo) logRequest(r *http.Request, userName string, statusCode int, duration time.Duration) {
+	if ui.AccessLog == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	filters := ui.AccessLog.Filters
+	if filters != nil && len(filters.SkipStatusCodes) > 0 {
+		if slices.Contains(filters.SkipStatusCodes, statusCode) {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	remoteAddr := httpserver.GetQuotedRemoteAddr(r)
+	requestURI := httpserver.GetRequestURI(r)
+	logger.Infof("access_log request_host=%q request_uri=%q status_code=%d remote_addr=%s user_agent=%q referer=%q duration_ms=%d username=%q",
+		r.Host, requestURI, statusCode, remoteAddr, r.UserAgent(), r.Referer(), duration.Milliseconds(), userName)
+}
+
 // HeadersConf represents config for request and response headers.
 type HeadersConf struct {
-	RequestHeaders   []*Header `yaml:"headers,omitempty"`
-	ResponseHeaders  []*Header `yaml:"response_headers,omitempty"`
-	KeepOriginalHost *bool     `yaml:"keep_original_host,omitempty"`
+	RequestHeaders     []*Header `yaml:"headers,omitempty"`
+	ResponseHeaders    []*Header `yaml:"response_headers,omitempty"`
+	KeepOriginalHost   *bool     `yaml:"keep_original_host,omitempty"`
+	hasAnyPlaceHolders bool
 }
 
 func (ui *UserInfo) beginConcurrencyLimit(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -349,6 +382,7 @@ func (bus *backendURLs) add(u *url.URL) {
 		url:                u,
 		healthCheckContext: bus.healthChecksContext,
 		healthCheckWG:      &bus.healthChecksWG,
+		hasPlaceHolders:    hasAnyPlaceholders(u),
 	})
 }
 
@@ -366,6 +400,8 @@ type backendURL struct {
 	concurrentRequests atomic.Int32
 
 	url *url.URL
+
+	hasPlaceHolders bool
 }
 
 func (bu *backendURL) isBroken() bool {
@@ -842,12 +878,14 @@ func reloadAuthConfigData(data []byte) (bool, error) {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse auth config: %w", err)
 	}
 
-	jui, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
+	jui, oidcDP, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse JWT users from auth config: %w", err)
 	}
+	oidcDP.startDiscovery()
 	jwtc := &jwtCache{
-		users: jui,
+		users:  jui,
+		oidcDP: oidcDP,
 	}
 
 	m, err := parseAuthConfigUsers(ac)
@@ -866,6 +904,11 @@ func reloadAuthConfigData(data []byte) (bool, error) {
 	}
 	metrics.RegisterSet(ac.ms)
 
+	jwtcPrev := jwtAuthCache.Load()
+	if jwtcPrev != nil {
+		jwtcPrev.oidcDP.stopDiscovery()
+	}
+
 	authConfig.Store(ac)
 	authConfigData.Store(&data)
 	authUsers.Store(&m)
@@ -903,6 +946,9 @@ func parseAuthConfig(data []byte) (*AuthConfig, error) {
 		if ui.Name != "" {
 			return nil, fmt.Errorf("field name can't be specified for unauthorized_user section")
 		}
+		if err := parseJWTPlaceholdersForUserInfo(ui, false); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		if err := ui.initURLs(); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -960,6 +1006,10 @@ func parseAuthConfigUsers(ac *AuthConfig) (map[string]*UserInfo, error) {
 					at, ui.Username, ui.Name, uiOld.Username, uiOld.Name)
 			}
 		}
+
+		if err := parseJWTPlaceholdersForUserInfo(ui, false); err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
 		if err := ui.initURLs(); err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -1059,6 +1109,7 @@ func (ui *UserInfo) initURLs() error {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
+
 	for _, e := range ui.URLMaps {
 		if len(e.SrcPaths) == 0 && len(e.SrcHosts) == 0 && len(e.SrcQueryArgs) == 0 && len(e.SrcHeaders) == 0 {
 			return fmt.Errorf("missing `src_paths`, `src_hosts`, `src_query_args` and `src_headers` in `url_map`")
@@ -1118,6 +1169,9 @@ func (ui *UserInfo) name() string {
 		h := xxhash.Sum64([]byte(ui.AuthToken))
 		return fmt.Sprintf("auth_token:hash:%016X", h)
 	}
+	if ui.JWT != nil {
+		return `jwt`
+	}
 	return ""
 }
 

app/vmauth/auth_config_test.go

@@ -4,8 +4,11 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"net"
+	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
+	"strings"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 
@@ -276,6 +279,50 @@ users:
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
   metric_labels:
     not-prometheus-compatible: value
+`)
+	// placeholder in url_prefix
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  password: bar
+  url_prefix: 'http://ahost/{{a_placeholder}}/foobar'
+`)
+	// placeholder in a header
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  password: bar
+  headers:
+  - 'X-Foo: {{a_placeholder}}'
+  url_prefix: 'http://ahost'
+`)
+	// placeholder in url_prefix
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  password: bar
+  url_prefix: 'http://ahost/{{a_placeholder}}/foobar'
+`)
+	// placeholder in a header in url_map
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  password: bar
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/select/.*"]
+      headers:
+        - 'X-Foo: {{a_placeholder}}'
+      url_prefix: 'http://ahost'
+`)
+
+	// placeholder in a header in url_map
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  password: bar
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/select/.*"]
+      url_prefix: 'http://ahost/{{a_placeholder}}/foobar'
 `)
 }
 
@@ -637,6 +684,31 @@ users:
 			URLPrefix: mustParseURL("http://aaa:343/bbb"),
 		},
 	}, nil)
+
+	// Multiple users with access logs enabled
+	f(`
+users:
+- username: foo
+  url_prefix: http://foo
+  access_log: {}
+- username: bar
+  url_prefix: https://bar/x/
+  access_log:
+    filters:
+      skip_status_codes: [404]
+`, map[string]*UserInfo{
+		getHTTPAuthBasicToken("foo", ""): {
+			Username:  "foo",
+			URLPrefix: mustParseURL("http://foo"),
+			AccessLog: &AccessLog{},
+		},
+		getHTTPAuthBasicToken("bar", ""): {
+			Username:  "bar",
+			URLPrefix: mustParseURL("https://bar/x/"),
+			AccessLog: &AccessLog{Filters: &AccessLogFilters{SkipStatusCodes: []int{404}}},
+		},
+	}, nil)
+
 }
 
 func TestParseAuthConfigPassesTLSVerificationConfig(t *testing.T) {
@@ -924,6 +996,41 @@ func TestDiscoverBackendIPsWithIPV6(t *testing.T) {
 
 }
 
+func TestLogRequest(t *testing.T) {
+	ui := &UserInfo{AccessLog: &AccessLog{}}
+
+	testOutput := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	logger.SetOutputForTests(testOutput)
+	defer logger.ResetOutputForTest()
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "http://localhost:8080/select/0/prometheus", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	f := func(user string, status int, duration time.Duration, expectedLog string) {
+		t.Helper()
+
+		testOutput.Reset()
+		ui.logRequest(req, user, status, duration)
+
+		got := testOutput.String()
+		if expectedLog == "" && got != "" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected empty log, got %q", got)
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(got, expectedLog) {
+			t.Fatalf("output \n%q \nshould contain \n%q", testOutput.String(), expectedLog)
+		}
+	}
+
+	f("foo", 200, 10*time.Millisecond, `access_log request_host="localhost:8080" request_uri="" status_code=200 remote_addr="" user_agent="" referer="" duration_ms=10 username="foo"`)
+	f("foo", 404, time.Second, `access_log request_host="localhost:8080" request_uri="" status_code=404 remote_addr="" user_agent="" referer="" duration_ms=1000 username="foo"`)
+
+	ui.AccessLog.Filters = &AccessLogFilters{SkipStatusCodes: []int{200}}
+	f("foo", 200, 10*time.Millisecond, ``)
+	f("foo", 404, 10*time.Millisecond, `access_log request_host="localhost:8080" request_uri="" status_code=404 remote_addr="" user_agent="" referer="" duration_ms=10 username="foo"`)
+}
+
 func getRegexs(paths []string) []*Regex {
 	var sps []*Regex
 	for _, path := range paths {

app/vmauth/example_config.yml

@@ -116,6 +116,20 @@ users:
   - "http://default1:8888/unsupported_url_handler"
   - "http://default2:8888/unsupported_url_handler"
 
+# A JWT token based routing:
+# - Requests with JWT token that has the following structure:
+# {"team": "ops", "security": {"read_access": "1"}, "vm_access": {"metrics_account_id": 1000,"metrics_project_id":5}}
+# is routed to vmselect nodes and request url placeholder replaced with metrics tenant identificators
+- name: jwt-opts-team
+  jwt:
+    match_claims:
+     team: ops
+     security.read_access: "1"
+    skip_verify: true
+  url_prefix:
+  - "http://vmselect1:8481/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/prometheus"
+  - "http://vmselect2:8481/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/prometheus"
+
 # Requests without Authorization header are proxied according to `unauthorized_user` section.
 # Requests are proxied in round-robin fashion between `url_prefix` backends.
 # The deny_partial_response query arg is added to all the proxied requests.
@@ -125,3 +139,8 @@ unauthorized_user:
   - http://vmselect-az1/?deny_partial_response=1
   - http://vmselect-az2/?deny_partial_response=1
   retry_status_codes: [503, 500]
+  # log access for requests routed to this user
+  access_log:
+    filters:
+      # except requests with Status Codes below
+      skip_status_codes: [200, 202]

app/vmauth/jwt.go

@@ -2,49 +2,114 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
 	"os"
+	"slices"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/jwt"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
 )
 
+const (
+	metricsTenantPlaceholder       = `{{.MetricsTenant}}`
+	metricsExtraLabelsPlaceholder  = `{{.MetricsExtraLabels}}`
+	metricsExtraFiltersPlaceholder = `{{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`
+
+	logsAccountIDPlaceholder          = `{{.LogsAccountID}}`
+	logsProjectIDPlaceholder          = `{{.LogsProjectID}}`
+	logsExtraFiltersPlaceholder       = `{{.LogsExtraFilters}}`
+	logsExtraStreamFiltersPlaceholder = `{{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`
+
+	placeholderPrefix = `{{`
+)
+
+var allPlaceholders = []string{
+	metricsTenantPlaceholder,
+	metricsExtraLabelsPlaceholder,
+	metricsExtraFiltersPlaceholder,
+	logsAccountIDPlaceholder,
+	logsProjectIDPlaceholder,
+	logsExtraFiltersPlaceholder,
+	logsExtraStreamFiltersPlaceholder,
+}
+
+var urlPathPlaceHolders = []string{
+	metricsTenantPlaceholder,
+	logsAccountIDPlaceholder,
+	logsProjectIDPlaceholder,
+}
+
 type jwtCache struct {
 	// users contain UserInfo`s from AuthConfig with JWTConfig set
 	users []*UserInfo
+
+	oidcDP *oidcDiscovererPool
 }
 
 type JWTConfig struct {
-	PublicKeys     []string `yaml:"public_keys,omitempty"`
-	PublicKeyFiles []string `yaml:"public_key_files,omitempty"`
-	SkipVerify     bool     `yaml:"skip_verify,omitempty"`
+	PublicKeys        []string          `yaml:"public_keys,omitempty"`
+	PublicKeyFiles    []string          `yaml:"public_key_files,omitempty"`
+	SkipVerify        bool              `yaml:"skip_verify,omitempty"`
+	OIDC              *oidcConfig       `yaml:"oidc,omitempty"`
+	MatchClaims       map[string]string `yaml:"match_claims,omitempty"`
+	parsedMatchClaims []*jwt.Claim
 
-	verifierPool *jwt.VerifierPool
+	// verifierPool is used to verify JWT tokens.
+	// It is initialized from PublicKeys and/or PublicKeyFiles.
+	// In this case, it is initialized once at config reload and never updated until next reload
+	// In case of OIDC, it is initialized on config reload and periodically updated by discovery process.
+	verifierPool atomic.Pointer[jwt.VerifierPool]
 }
 
-func parseJWTUsers(ac *AuthConfig) ([]*UserInfo, error) {
+func parseJWTUsers(ac *AuthConfig) ([]*UserInfo, *oidcDiscovererPool, error) {
 	jui := make([]*UserInfo, 0, len(ac.Users))
-	for _, ui := range ac.Users {
+	oidcDP := &oidcDiscovererPool{}
+
+	uniqClaims := make(map[string]*UserInfo)
+	var sortedClaims []string
+	for idx, ui := range ac.Users {
 		jwtToken := ui.JWT
 		if jwtToken == nil {
 			continue
 		}
 
 		if ui.AuthToken != "" || ui.BearerToken != "" || ui.Username != "" || ui.Password != "" {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("auth_token, bearer_token, username and password cannot be specified if jwt is set")
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("auth_token, bearer_token, username and password cannot be specified if jwt is set")
 		}
-		if len(jwtToken.PublicKeys) == 0 && len(jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles) == 0 && !jwtToken.SkipVerify {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files or have skip_verify=true")
+		if len(jwtToken.PublicKeys) == 0 && len(jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles) == 0 && !jwtToken.SkipVerify && jwtToken.OIDC == nil {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files, oidc or have skip_verify=true")
 		}
+		var claimsString string
+		sortedClaims = sortedClaims[:0]
+		parsedClaims := make([]*jwt.Claim, 0, len(jwtToken.MatchClaims))
+		for ck, cv := range jwtToken.MatchClaims {
+			sortedClaims = append(sortedClaims, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%s", ck, cv))
+			pc, err := jwt.NewClaim(ck, cv)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("incorrect match claim, key=%q, value regex=%q: %w", ck, cv, err)
+			}
+			parsedClaims = append(parsedClaims, pc)
+		}
+		ui.JWT.parsedMatchClaims = parsedClaims
+		sort.Strings(sortedClaims)
+		claimsString = strings.Join(sortedClaims, ",")
 
+		if oldUI, ok := uniqClaims[claimsString]; ok {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("duplicate match claims=%q found for name=%q at idx=%d; the previous one is set for name=%q", claimsString, ui.Name, idx, oldUI.Name)
+		}
+		uniqClaims[claimsString] = &ui
 		if len(jwtToken.PublicKeys) > 0 || len(jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles) > 0 {
 			keys := make([]any, 0, len(jwtToken.PublicKeys)+len(jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles))
 
 			for i := range jwtToken.PublicKeys {
 				k, err := jwt.ParseKey([]byte(jwtToken.PublicKeys[i]))
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
+					return nil, nil, err
 				}
 				keys = append(keys, k)
 			}
@@ -52,30 +117,52 @@ func parseJWTUsers(ac *AuthConfig) ([]*UserInfo, error) {
 			for _, filePath := range jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles {
 				keyData, err := os.ReadFile(filePath)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read public key from file %q: %w", filePath, err)
+					return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read public key from file %q: %w", filePath, err)
 				}
 				k, err := jwt.ParseKey(keyData)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse public key from file %q: %w", filePath, err)
+					return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse public key from file %q: %w", filePath, err)
 				}
 				keys = append(keys, k)
 			}
 
 			vp, err := jwt.NewVerifierPool(keys)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
+				return nil, nil, err
 			}
 
-			jwtToken.verifierPool = vp
+			jwtToken.verifierPool.Store(vp)
+		}
+		if jwtToken.OIDC != nil {
+			if len(jwtToken.PublicKeys) > 0 || len(jwtToken.PublicKeyFiles) > 0 || jwtToken.SkipVerify {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("jwt with oidc cannot contain public keys or have skip_verify=true")
+			}
+
+			if jwtToken.OIDC.Issuer == "" {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("oidc issuer cannot be empty")
+			}
+			isserURL, err := url.Parse(jwtToken.OIDC.Issuer)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("oidc issuer %q must be a valid URL", jwtToken.OIDC.Issuer)
+			}
+			if isserURL.Scheme != "https" && isserURL.Scheme != "http" {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("oidc issuer %q must have http or https scheme", jwtToken.OIDC.Issuer)
+			}
+
+			oidcDP.createOrAdd(ui.JWT.OIDC.Issuer, &ui.JWT.verifierPool)
+		}
+
+		if err := parseJWTPlaceholdersForUserInfo(&ui, true); err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
 		if err := ui.initURLs(); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
+			return nil, nil, err
 		}
 
 		metricLabels, err := ui.getMetricLabels()
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse metric_labels: %w", err)
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse metric_labels: %w", err)
 		}
 		ui.requests = ac.ms.GetOrCreateCounter(`vmauth_user_requests_total` + metricLabels)
 		ui.requestErrors = ac.ms.GetOrCreateCounter(`vmauth_user_request_errors_total` + metricLabels)
@@ -94,36 +181,53 @@ func parseJWTUsers(ac *AuthConfig) ([]*UserInfo, error) {
 
 		rt, err := newRoundTripper(ui.TLSCAFile, ui.TLSCertFile, ui.TLSKeyFile, ui.TLSServerName, ui.TLSInsecureSkipVerify)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot initialize HTTP RoundTripper: %w", err)
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot initialize HTTP RoundTripper: %w", err)
 		}
 		ui.rt = rt
 
 		jui = append(jui, &ui)
 	}
 
-	// the limitation will be lifted once claim based matching will be implemented
-	if len(jui) > 1 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("multiple users with JWT tokens are not supported; found %d users", len(jui))
-	}
+	// sort by amount of matching claims
+	// it allows to more specific claim win in case of clash
+	sort.SliceStable(jui, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return len(jui[i].JWT.MatchClaims) > len(jui[j].JWT.MatchClaims)
+	})
 
-	return jui, nil
+	return jui, oidcDP, nil
 }
 
-func getUserInfoByJWTToken(ats []string) *UserInfo {
+var tokenPool sync.Pool
+
+func getToken() *jwt.Token {
+	tkn := tokenPool.Get()
+	if tkn == nil {
+		return &jwt.Token{}
+	}
+	return tkn.(*jwt.Token)
+}
+
+func putToken(tkn *jwt.Token) {
+	tkn.Reset()
+	tokenPool.Put(tkn)
+}
+
+func getJWTUserInfo(ats []string) (*UserInfo, *jwt.Token) {
 	js := *jwtAuthCache.Load()
 	if len(js.users) == 0 {
-		return nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 
+	tkn := getToken()
+
 	for _, at := range ats {
 		if strings.Count(at, ".") != 2 {
 			continue
 		}
 
 		at, _ = strings.CutPrefix(at, `http_auth:`)
-
-		tkn, err := jwt.NewToken(at, true)
-		if err != nil {
+		tkn.Reset()
+		if err := tkn.Parse(at, true); err != nil {
 			if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
 				logger.Infof("cannot parse jwt token: %s", err)
 			}
@@ -131,26 +235,252 @@ func getUserInfoByJWTToken(ats []string) *UserInfo {
 		}
 		if tkn.IsExpired(time.Now()) {
 			if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+				// TODO: add more context:
+				// token claims with issuer
 				logger.Infof("jwt token is expired")
 			}
 			continue
 		}
 
-		for _, ui := range js.users {
-			if ui.JWT.SkipVerify {
-				return ui
-			}
+		if ui := getUserInfoByJWTToken(tkn, js.users); ui != nil {
+			return ui, tkn
+		}
+	}
 
-			if err := ui.JWT.verifierPool.Verify(tkn); err != nil {
-				if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
-					logger.Infof("cannot verify jwt token: %s", err)
-				}
-				continue
-			}
+	putToken(tkn)
+	return nil, nil
+}
 
+func getUserInfoByJWTToken(tkn *jwt.Token, users []*UserInfo) *UserInfo {
+	for _, ui := range users {
+		if !tkn.MatchClaims(ui.JWT.parsedMatchClaims) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if ui.JWT.SkipVerify {
 			return ui
 		}
+
+		if ui.JWT.OIDC != nil {
+			// OIDC requires iss claim.
+			// It must match the discovery issuer URL set in OIDC config.
+			// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderMetadata
+			if tkn.Issuer() == "" {
+				if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+					logger.Infof("jwt token must have issuer filed")
+				}
+				return nil
+			}
+			if tkn.Issuer() != ui.JWT.OIDC.Issuer {
+				if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+					logger.Infof("jwt token issuer: %q does not match oidc issuer: %q", tkn.Issuer(), ui.JWT.OIDC.Issuer)
+				}
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+
+		vp := ui.JWT.verifierPool.Load()
+		if vp == nil {
+			if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+				logger.Infof("jwt verifier not initialed")
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		if err := vp.Verify(tkn); err != nil {
+			if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+				logger.Infof("cannot verify jwt token: %s", err)
+			}
+			return nil
+		}
+
+		return ui
+	}
+
+	if *logInvalidAuthTokens {
+		logger.Infof("no user match jwt token")
 	}
 
 	return nil
 }
+
+func replaceJWTPlaceholders(bu *backendURL, hc HeadersConf, vma *jwt.VMAccessClaim) (*url.URL, HeadersConf) {
+	if !bu.hasPlaceHolders && !hc.hasAnyPlaceHolders {
+		return bu.url, hc
+	}
+	targetURL := bu.url
+	data := jwtClaimsData(vma)
+	if bu.hasPlaceHolders {
+		// template url params and request path
+		// make a copy of url
+		uCopy := *bu.url
+		for _, uph := range urlPathPlaceHolders {
+			replacement := data[uph]
+			uCopy.Path = strings.ReplaceAll(uCopy.Path, uph, replacement[0])
+		}
+		query := uCopy.Query()
+		var foundAnyQueryPlaceholder bool
+		var templatedValues []string
+		for param, values := range query {
+			templatedValues = templatedValues[:0]
+			// filter in-place values with placeholders
+			// and accumulate replacements
+			// it will change the order of param values
+			// but it's not guaranteed
+			// and will be changed in any way with multiple arg templates
+			var cnt int
+			for _, value := range values {
+				if dv, ok := data[value]; ok {
+					foundAnyQueryPlaceholder = true
+					templatedValues = append(templatedValues, dv...)
+					continue
+				}
+				values[cnt] = value
+				cnt++
+			}
+			values = values[:cnt]
+			values = append(values, templatedValues...)
+			query[param] = values
+		}
+		if foundAnyQueryPlaceholder {
+			uCopy.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+		}
+		targetURL = &uCopy
+	}
+	if hc.hasAnyPlaceHolders {
+		// make a copy of headers and update only values with placeholder
+		rhs := make([]*Header, 0, len(hc.RequestHeaders))
+		for _, rh := range hc.RequestHeaders {
+			if dv, ok := data[rh.Value]; ok {
+				rh := &Header{
+					Name:  rh.Name,
+					Value: strings.Join(dv, ","),
+				}
+				rhs = append(rhs, rh)
+				continue
+			}
+			rhs = append(rhs, rh)
+		}
+		hc.RequestHeaders = rhs
+	}
+
+	return targetURL, hc
+}
+
+func jwtClaimsData(vma *jwt.VMAccessClaim) map[string][]string {
+	data := map[string][]string{
+		// TODO: optimize at parsing stage
+		metricsTenantPlaceholder:       {fmt.Sprintf("%d:%d", vma.MetricsAccountID, vma.MetricsProjectID)},
+		metricsExtraLabelsPlaceholder:  vma.MetricsExtraLabels,
+		metricsExtraFiltersPlaceholder: vma.MetricsExtraFilters,
+
+		// TODO: optimize at parsing stage
+		logsAccountIDPlaceholder:          {fmt.Sprintf("%d", vma.LogsAccountID)},
+		logsProjectIDPlaceholder:          {fmt.Sprintf("%d", vma.LogsProjectID)},
+		logsExtraFiltersPlaceholder:       vma.LogsExtraFilters,
+		logsExtraStreamFiltersPlaceholder: vma.LogsExtraStreamFilters,
+	}
+	return data
+}
+
+func parseJWTPlaceholdersForUserInfo(ui *UserInfo, isAllowed bool) error {
+	if ui.URLPrefix != nil {
+		if err := validateJWTPlaceholdersForURL(ui.URLPrefix, isAllowed); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	if err := parsePlaceholdersForHC(&ui.HeadersConf, isAllowed); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if ui.DefaultURL != nil {
+		if err := validateJWTPlaceholdersForURL(ui.DefaultURL, isAllowed); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid `default_url` placeholders: %w", err)
+		}
+	}
+	for i := range ui.URLMaps {
+		e := &ui.URLMaps[i]
+		if e.URLPrefix != nil {
+			if err := validateJWTPlaceholdersForURL(e.URLPrefix, isAllowed); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid `url_map` `url_prefix` placeholders: %w", err)
+			}
+		}
+		if err := parsePlaceholdersForHC(&e.HeadersConf, isAllowed); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid `url_map` headers placeholders: %w", err)
+		}
+
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func validateJWTPlaceholdersForURL(up *URLPrefix, isAllowed bool) error {
+	for _, bu := range up.busOriginal {
+		ok := strings.Contains(bu.Path, placeholderPrefix)
+		if ok && !isAllowed {
+			return fmt.Errorf("placeholder: %q is only allowed at JWT token context", bu.Path)
+		}
+		if ok {
+			p := bu.Path
+			for _, ph := range allPlaceholders {
+				p = strings.ReplaceAll(p, ph, ``)
+			}
+			if strings.Contains(p, placeholderPrefix) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid placeholder found in URL request path: %q, supported values are: %s", bu.Path, strings.Join(allPlaceholders, ", "))
+
+			}
+		}
+		for param, values := range bu.Query() {
+			for _, value := range values {
+				ok := strings.Contains(value, placeholderPrefix)
+				if ok && !isAllowed {
+					return fmt.Errorf("query param: %q with placeholder: %q is only allowed at JWT token context", param, value)
+				}
+				if ok {
+					// possible placeholder
+					if !slices.Contains(allPlaceholders, value) {
+						return fmt.Errorf("query param: %q has unsupported placeholder string: %q, supported values are: %s", param, value, strings.Join(allPlaceholders, ", "))
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func parsePlaceholdersForHC(hc *HeadersConf, isAllowed bool) error {
+	for _, rhs := range hc.RequestHeaders {
+		ok := strings.Contains(rhs.Value, placeholderPrefix)
+		if ok && !isAllowed {
+			return fmt.Errorf("request header: %q placeholder: %q is only supported at JWT context", rhs.Name, rhs.Value)
+		}
+		if ok {
+			if !slices.Contains(allPlaceholders, rhs.Value) {
+				return fmt.Errorf("request header: %q has unsupported placeholder: %q, supported values are: %s", rhs.Name, rhs.Value, strings.Join(allPlaceholders, ", "))
+			}
+			hc.hasAnyPlaceHolders = true
+		}
+	}
+	for _, rhs := range hc.ResponseHeaders {
+		if strings.Contains(rhs.Value, placeholderPrefix) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("response header placeholders are not supported; found placeholder prefix at header: %q with value: %q", rhs.Name, rhs.Value)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func hasAnyPlaceholders(u *url.URL) bool {
+	if strings.Contains(u.Path, placeholderPrefix) {
+		return true
+	}
+	if len(u.Query()) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+	for _, values := range u.Query() {
+		for _, value := range values {
+			if strings.HasPrefix(value, placeholderPrefix) {
+				return true
+			}
+		}
+
+	}
+	return false
+}

app/vmauth/jwt_test.go

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 package main
 
 import (
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"testing"
@@ -32,18 +35,20 @@ XOtclIk1uhc03oL9nOQ=
 		ac, err := parseAuthConfig([]byte(s))
 		if err != nil {
 			if expErr != err.Error() {
-				t.Fatalf("unexpected error; got %q; want %q", err.Error(), expErr)
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected error; got\n%q\nwant\n%q", err.Error(), expErr)
 			}
 			return
 		}
-		users, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
-		if err != nil {
-			if expErr != err.Error() {
-				t.Fatalf("unexpected error; got %q; want %q", err.Error(), expErr)
-			}
-			return
+		users, oidcDP, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expecting non-nil error; got %v", users)
+		}
+		if expErr != err.Error() {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected error; got\n%q\nwant \n%q", err.Error(), expErr)
+		}
+		if oidcDP != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("expecting nil oidcDP; got %v", oidcDP)
 		}
-		t.Fatalf("expecting non-nil error; got %v", users)
 	}
 
 	// unauthorized_user cannot be used with jwt
@@ -80,28 +85,28 @@ users:
 users:
 - jwt: {}
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
-`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files or have skip_verify=true`)
+`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files, oidc or have skip_verify=true`)
 
 	// jwt public_keys or skip_verify must be set, part 2
 	f(`
 users:
 - jwt: {public_keys: null}
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
-`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files or have skip_verify=true`)
+`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files, oidc or have skip_verify=true`)
 
 	// jwt public_keys or skip_verify must be set, part 3
 	f(`
 users:
 - jwt: {public_keys: []}
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
-`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files or have skip_verify=true`)
+`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files, oidc or have skip_verify=true`)
 
 	// jwt public_keys, public_key_files or skip_verify must be set
 	f(`
 users:
 - jwt: {public_key_files: []}
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
-`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files or have skip_verify=true`)
+`, `jwt must contain at least a single public key, public_key_files, oidc or have skip_verify=true`)
 
 	// invalid public key, part 1
 	f(`
@@ -140,7 +145,7 @@ users:
     public_keys:
     - %q
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
-`, validRSAPublicKey, validECDSAPublicKey), `multiple users with JWT tokens are not supported; found 2 users`)
+`, validRSAPublicKey, validECDSAPublicKey), `duplicate match claims="" found for name="" at idx=1; the previous one is set for name=""`)
 
 	// public key file doesn't exist
 	f(`
@@ -164,6 +169,122 @@ users:
     - `+publicKeyFile+`
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
 `, "cannot parse public key from file \""+publicKeyFile+"\": failed to parse key \"invalidPEM\": failed to decode PEM block containing public key")
+
+	// unsupported placeholder in a header
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    skip_verify: true
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar/{{.UnsupportedPlaceholder}}/foo`,
+		"invalid placeholder found in URL request path: \"/{{.UnsupportedPlaceholder}}/foo\", supported values are: {{.MetricsTenant}}, {{.MetricsExtraLabels}}, {{.MetricsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsAccountID}}, {{.LogsProjectID}}, {{.LogsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}",
+	)
+	// unsupported placeholder in a header
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    skip_verify: true
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.UnsupportedPlaceholder}}"
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"request header: \"AccountID\" has unsupported placeholder: \"{{.UnsupportedPlaceholder}}\", supported values are: {{.MetricsTenant}}, {{.MetricsExtraLabels}}, {{.MetricsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsAccountID}}, {{.LogsProjectID}}, {{.LogsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}",
+	)
+
+	// spaces in templating not allowed
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    skip_verify: true
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{ .LogsAccountID }}"
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"request header: \"AccountID\" has unsupported placeholder: \"{{ .LogsAccountID }}\", supported values are: {{.MetricsTenant}}, {{.MetricsExtraLabels}}, {{.MetricsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsAccountID}}, {{.LogsProjectID}}, {{.LogsExtraFilters}}, {{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}",
+	)
+
+	// oidc is not an object
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    oidc: "not an object"
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"cannot unmarshal AuthConfig data: yaml: unmarshal errors:\n  line 4: cannot unmarshal !!str `not an ...` into main.oidcConfig",
+	)
+
+	// oidc issuer empty
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    oidc: {}
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"oidc issuer cannot be empty",
+	)
+
+	// oidc issuer invalid urls
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    oidc:
+      issuer: "::invalid-url"
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"oidc issuer \"::invalid-url\" must be a valid URL",
+	)
+
+	// oidc issuer invalid urls
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    oidc:
+      issuer: "invalid-url"
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"oidc issuer \"invalid-url\" must have http or https scheme",
+	)
+
+	// oidc and public_keys are not allowed
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+    oidc: 
+      issuer: https://example.com
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`, validRSAPublicKey),
+		"jwt with oidc cannot contain public keys or have skip_verify=true",
+	)
+
+	// oidc and skip_verify are not allowed
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt: 
+    skip_verify: true
+    oidc: 
+      issuer: https://example.com
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`,
+		"jwt with oidc cannot contain public keys or have skip_verify=true",
+	)
+	// duplicate claims
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: ops
+  name: user-1
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: ops
+  name: user-2
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar`,
+		"duplicate match claims=\"team=ops\" found for name=\"user-2\" at idx=1; the previous one is set for name=\"user-1\"",
+	)
 }
 
 func TestJWTParseAuthConfigSuccess(t *testing.T) {
@@ -193,10 +314,12 @@ XOtclIk1uhc03oL9nOQ=
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
 		}
 
-		jui, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
+		jui, oidcDP, err := parseJWTUsers(ac)
 		if err != nil {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
 		}
+		oidcDP.startDiscovery()
+		defer oidcDP.stopDiscovery()
 
 		for _, ui := range jui {
 			if ui.JWT == nil {
@@ -204,13 +327,13 @@ XOtclIk1uhc03oL9nOQ=
 			}
 
 			if ui.JWT.SkipVerify {
-				if ui.JWT.verifierPool != nil {
+				if ui.JWT.verifierPool.Load() != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("unexpected non-nil verifier pool for skip_verify=true")
 				}
 				continue
 			}
 
-			if ui.JWT.verifierPool == nil {
+			if ui.JWT.verifierPool.Load() == nil {
 				t.Fatalf("unexpected nil verifier pool for non-empty public keys")
 			}
 		}
@@ -301,4 +424,80 @@ users:
     - %q
   url_prefix: http://foo.bar
 `, validECDSAPublicKey, rsaKeyFile))
+
+	// oidc stub server
+	var ipSrv *httptest.Server
+	ipSrv = httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		if r.URL.Path == "/.well-known/openid-configuration" {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			_ = json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
+				"issuer":   ipSrv.URL,
+				"jwks_uri": fmt.Sprintf("%s/jwks", ipSrv.URL),
+			})
+			return
+		}
+		if r.URL.Path == "/jwks" {
+			// resp generated by https://jwkset.com/generate
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			w.Write([]byte(`
+{
+  "keys": [
+    {
+      "kty": "RSA",
+      "kid": "f13eee91-f566-4829-80fa-fca847c21f0e",
+      "d": "Ua1llEFz3LZ05CrK5a2JxKMUEWJGXhBPPF20hHQjzxd1w0IEJK_mhPZQG8dNtBROBNIi1FC9l6QRw-RTnVIVat5Xy4yDFNKXXL3ZLXejOHY8SXrNEIDqQ-cSwIpK9cK7Umib0PcPeEeeAED5mqDH75D8_YssWFF18kLbNB5Z9pZmn6Fshiht7l2Sh4GN-KcReOW6eiQQwckDte3OGmZCRbtEriLWJt5TUGUvfZVIlcclqNMycNB6jGa9E1pO5Up7Ki3ZbI_-6XmRgZPtqnR9oLJ1zn3fj3hYpCXo-zcqLuOu3qxcslsq5igsfBzgGtfIJHY9LfWmHUsaDEa5cAX1gQ",
+      "n": "xbLXXBTNREk70UCMiqZ53_mTzYh89W-UaPU61GZ-RZ5lYcLgyWOb5mdyRbvJpcgfZpsOeGAUWbk3GkQ4vqn8kUMnnWhUum2Qk9kGubOJGLW6yaURd00j3E-ilQ5xO2R_Hzz8bAojxV8GKdGTQ-iTf8z8nsSHH8kR2SERbNJCFFtwtFU7vyFWyoH4Lmvu2UpICTHFCR9RqwQVjyoKB1JjJ6Dh1L4zPTlsvQEnqoeFQHPYr0QcQSMYXdfPvlt_FiLOAOE89fX_9T2r9WbFAoda3uTRE5_aal0jxUU2cFyeVSIgauNtF07fp422XFb4XPkWQWrdNx0KX53laSIYQ9HOpw",
+      "e": "AQAB",
+      "p": "2JT57AD-Q2lamgjgyn0wL7DgYZ3OoCTTrDm5_NHg6h13uDvyIlXSukuUeWm4tzPSDedpstbS7dgXkLw5eQXBHwPYtByTcEZS8Z37CBnhMOOhfo_U1aNIPPanJACvWBgz47-TxHsxW1YhztZqghRoicBZPSSBAj49MgANJ4jF0zc",
+      "q": "6a4MkeSXJI-ZzQ-bgP8hwJqpLFr0AiNGQcjZMH4Nn4CPGdnGiqqe6flhfLimgbNhbb67B0-8fLIji8zGhGKDL_JSIpAAdmfs2vzeEsY2hScrqVbd1VbfRcRh0J6lsn7obxkbvQthp9sX2DQbeDcEeaFEvd9gDKQSATYEqWo7eBE",
+      "dp": "haL2yu6Z9RJuuxi7S3YPY33qFZF_y0St71j3L854zzw7gMxMTW9TRWwZQwk-1pv9AmNFzvnK0MNDVyUs-UXZsb932TrApshdqYRnPsppLvdl0GgDVYcYrbUr0IUzrFHSwraVAOlavRbaaXvX4EejcUvkRFvf1nh83fs2Iqy8E-U",
+      "dq": "Cnf5qC-Ndd3ZDg688LJ9WJuVKJ-Kfu4Fn7zXvgxnn9Wqk4XmFyA9rk21yFidXQIkQz5gMpun3g48-W5bFmMzbVp1w4af_q35NnZNnJm0p5Jxqkxx87TIm9-IYkg5NB3rW87MJ1PzNAnkr5LmCCSu1qQa6Eaxjt9qzxMUcmKH94E",
+      "qi": "saAeU11iaKHmye3cwCAYkegcyWbXV3xIXEVJtS9Af_yM19UhspwY2VhuwRaajcwYZwtvR9_ITmX9M-ea7uLdd7aDYO1fujC8NGbopeC4Hkr7yb5vTly3pfKf4h-3LwGGUucJUetdz1lmMIYiyuG4_gSf1yIEtPDLKzXiedgEMdI"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+`))
+			return
+		}
+
+		http.NotFound(w, r)
+	}))
+	defer ipSrv.Close()
+
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    oidc:
+      issuer: ` + ipSrv.URL + `
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+`)
+	// multiple match claims
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+   match_claims:
+    role: ro
+    team: dev
+   public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+- jwt:
+   match_claims:
+      role: admin
+      team: dev
+   public_key_files:
+    - %q
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+- jwt:
+   match_claims:
+     role: viewer
+     team: dev
+     department: ceo
+   skip_verify: true
+  url_prefix: http://foo.bar
+
+
+`, validRSAPublicKey, rsaKeyFile, ecdsaKeyFile))
+
 }

app/vmauth/main.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"time"
 
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/jwt"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/buildinfo"
@@ -173,7 +174,7 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		// Process requests for unauthorized users
 		ui := authConfig.Load().UnauthorizedUser
 		if ui != nil {
-			processUserRequest(w, r, ui)
+			processUserRequest(w, r, ui, nil)
 			return true
 		}
 
@@ -182,17 +183,21 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 	}
 
 	if ui := getUserInfoByAuthTokens(ats); ui != nil {
-		processUserRequest(w, r, ui)
+		processUserRequest(w, r, ui, nil)
 		return true
 	}
-	if ui := getUserInfoByJWTToken(ats); ui != nil {
-		processUserRequest(w, r, ui)
+	if ui, tkn := getJWTUserInfo(ats); ui != nil {
+		if tkn == nil {
+			logger.Panicf("BUG: unexpected nil jwt token for user %q", ui.name())
+		}
+		defer putToken(tkn)
+		processUserRequest(w, r, ui, tkn)
 		return true
 	}
 
 	uu := authConfig.Load().UnauthorizedUser
 	if uu != nil {
-		processUserRequest(w, r, uu)
+		processUserRequest(w, r, uu, nil)
 		return true
 	}
 
@@ -221,7 +226,37 @@ func getUserInfoByAuthTokens(ats []string) *UserInfo {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func processUserRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
+// responseWriterWithStatus is a wrapper around http.ResponseWriter that captures the status code written to the response.
+type responseWriterWithStatus struct {
+	http.ResponseWriter
+	status int
+}
+
+// WriteHeader records the status so it can be easily retrieved later
+func (rws *responseWriterWithStatus) WriteHeader(status int) {
+	rws.status = status
+	rws.ResponseWriter.WriteHeader(status)
+}
+
+// Flush implements net/http.Flusher interface
+//
+// This is needed for the copyStreamToClient()
+func (rws *responseWriterWithStatus) Flush() {
+	flusher, ok := rws.ResponseWriter.(http.Flusher)
+	if !ok {
+		logger.Panicf("BUG: it is expected http.ResponseWriter (%T) supports http.Flusher interface", rws.ResponseWriter)
+	}
+	flusher.Flush()
+}
+
+// Unwrap returns the original ResponseWriter wrapped by rws.
+//
+// This is needed for the net/http.ResponseController - see https://pkg.go.dev/net/http#NewResponseController
+func (rws *responseWriterWithStatus) Unwrap() http.ResponseWriter {
+	return rws.ResponseWriter
+}
+
+func processUserRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo, tkn *jwt.Token) {
 	startTime := time.Now()
 	defer ui.requestsDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
 
@@ -230,6 +265,20 @@ func processUserRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
 	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(r.Context(), *maxQueueDuration)
 	defer cancel()
 
+	userName := ui.name()
+	if userName == "" {
+		userName = "unauthorized"
+	}
+
+	if ui.AccessLog != nil {
+		w = &responseWriterWithStatus{ResponseWriter: w}
+		defer func() {
+			rws := w.(*responseWriterWithStatus)
+			duration := time.Since(startTime)
+			ui.logRequest(r, userName, rws.status, duration)
+		}()
+	}
+
 	// Acquire global concurrency limit.
 	if err := beginConcurrencyLimit(ctx); err != nil {
 		handleConcurrencyLimitError(w, r, err)
@@ -248,10 +297,6 @@ func processUserRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
 	}
 
 	// Read the initial chunk for the request body.
-	userName := ui.name()
-	if userName == "" {
-		userName = "unauthorized"
-	}
 	bb, err := bufferRequestBody(ctx, r.Body, userName)
 	if err != nil {
 		httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
@@ -272,7 +317,7 @@ func processUserRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
 	defer ui.endConcurrencyLimit()
 
 	// Process the request.
-	processRequest(w, r, ui)
+	processRequest(w, r, ui, tkn)
 }
 
 func beginConcurrencyLimit(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -345,7 +390,7 @@ func bufferRequestBody(ctx context.Context, r io.ReadCloser, userName string) (i
 	return bb, nil
 }
 
-func processRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
+func processRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo, tkn *jwt.Token) {
 	u := normalizeURL(r.URL)
 	up, hc := ui.getURLPrefixAndHeaders(u, r.Host, r.Header)
 	isDefault := false
@@ -377,16 +422,21 @@ func processRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, ui *UserInfo) {
 			break
 		}
 		targetURL := bu.url
+		if tkn != nil {
+			// for security reasons allow templating only for configured url values and headers
+			targetURL, hc = replaceJWTPlaceholders(bu, hc, tkn.VMAccess())
+		}
 		if isDefault {
 			// Don't change path and add request_path query param for default route.
+			targetURLCopy := *targetURL
 			query := targetURL.Query()
 			query.Set("request_path", u.String())
-			targetURL.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+			targetURLCopy.RawQuery = query.Encode()
+			targetURL = &targetURLCopy
 		} else {
 			// Update path for regular routes.
 			targetURL = mergeURLs(targetURL, u, up.dropSrcPathPrefixParts, up.mergeQueryArgs)
 		}
-
 		wasLocalRetry := false
 	again:
 		ok, needLocalRetry := tryProcessingRequest(w, r, targetURL, hc, up.retryStatusCodes, ui, bu)

app/vmauth/main_test.go

@@ -12,11 +12,13 @@ import (
 	"encoding/pem"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
+	"math/big"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/http/httptest"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
 	"strings"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"testing"
@@ -101,6 +103,35 @@ User-Agent: vmauth
 X-Forwarded-For: 12.34.56.78, 42.2.3.84`
 	f(cfgStr, requestURL, backendHandler, responseExpected)
 
+	// with default_url
+	cfgStr = `
+unauthorized_user:
+  default_url: {BACKEND}/default
+  url_map:
+  - src_paths:
+    - /empty
+    url_prefix: {BACKEND}/empty`
+	requestURL = "http://some-host.com/abc/def?some_arg=some_value"
+	backendHandler = func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		h := w.Header()
+		h.Set("Connection", "close")
+		h.Set("Foo", "bar")
+
+		var bb bytes.Buffer
+		if err := r.Header.Write(&bb); err != nil {
+			panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when marshaling headers: %w", err))
+		}
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "requested_url=http://%s%s\n%s", r.Host, r.URL, bb.String())
+	}
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+Foo: bar
+requested_url={BACKEND}/default?request_path=http%3A%2F%2Fsome-host.com%2Fabc%2Fdef%3Fsome_arg%3Dsome_value
+Pass-Header: abc
+User-Agent: vmauth
+X-Forwarded-For: 12.34.56.78, 42.2.3.84`
+	f(cfgStr, requestURL, backendHandler, responseExpected)
+
 	// routing of all failed to authorize requests to unauthorized_user (issue #7543)
 	cfgStr = `
 unauthorized_user:
@@ -571,22 +602,41 @@ func TestJWTRequestHandler(t *testing.T) {
 
 		return payload + "." + signatureB64
 	}
-	genToken(t, nil, false)
 
 	f := func(cfgStr string, r *http.Request, responseExpected string) {
 		t.Helper()
 
 		ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			if _, err := w.Write([]byte(r.RequestURI + "\n")); err != nil {
+			if _, err := w.Write([]byte("path: " + r.URL.Path + "\n")); err != nil {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
 			}
-			if v := r.Header.Get(`extra_label`); v != "" {
-				if _, err := w.Write([]byte(`extra_label=` + v + "\n")); err != nil {
+			if _, err := w.Write([]byte("query:\n")); err != nil {
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
+			}
+			names := make([]string, 0, len(r.URL.Query()))
+			query := r.URL.Query()
+			for n := range query {
+				names = append(names, n)
+			}
+			sort.Strings(names)
+			for _, n := range names {
+				for _, v := range query[n] {
+					if _, err := w.Write([]byte("    " + n + "=" + v + "\n")); err != nil {
+						panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
+					}
+				}
+			}
+
+			if _, err := w.Write([]byte("headers:\n")); err != nil {
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
+			}
+			if v := r.Header.Get(`AccountID`); v != "" {
+				if _, err := w.Write([]byte(`    AccountID=` + v + "\n")); err != nil {
 					panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
 				}
 			}
-			if v := r.Header.Get(`extra_filters`); v != "" {
-				if _, err := w.Write([]byte(`extra_filters=` + v + "\n")); err != nil {
+			if v := r.Header.Get(`ProjectID`); v != "" {
+				if _, err := w.Write([]byte(`    ProjectID=` + v + "\n")); err != nil {
 					panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
 				}
 			}
@@ -632,7 +682,7 @@ users:
     - %q
   url_prefix: {BACKEND}/foo`, string(publicKeyPEM))
 	noVMAccessClaimToken := genToken(t, nil, true)
-	defaultVMAccessClaimToken := genToken(t, map[string]any{
+	minimalToken := genToken(t, map[string]any{
 		"exp":       time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute).Unix(),
 		"vm_access": map[string]any{},
 	}, true)
@@ -645,6 +695,30 @@ users:
 		"vm_access": map[string]any{},
 	}, false)
 
+	fullToken := genToken(t, map[string]any{
+		"exp": time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute).Unix(),
+		"vm_access": map[string]any{
+			"metrics_account_id": 123,
+			"metrics_project_id": 234,
+			"metrics_extra_labels": []string{
+				"label1=value1",
+				"label2=value2",
+			},
+			"metrics_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{label3="value3"}`,
+				`{label4="value4"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_account_id": 345,
+			"logs_project_id": 456,
+			"logs_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_extra_stream_filters": []string{
+				`{"team":"dev"}`,
+			},
+		},
+	}, true)
+
 	// missing authorization
 	request := httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
 	responseExpected := `
@@ -682,7 +756,9 @@ Unauthorized`
 	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+invalidSignatureToken)
 	responseExpected = `
 statusCode=200
-/foo/abc`
+path: /foo/abc
+query:
+headers:`
 	f(`
 users:
 - jwt:
@@ -691,15 +767,17 @@ users:
 
 	// token with default valid vm_access claim
 	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
-	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+defaultVMAccessClaimToken)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
 	responseExpected = `
 statusCode=200
-/foo/abc`
+path: /foo/abc
+query:
+headers:`
 	f(simpleCfgStr, request, responseExpected)
 
 	// jwt token used but no matching user with JWT token in config
 	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
-	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+defaultVMAccessClaimToken)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
 	responseExpected = `
 statusCode=401
 Unauthorized`
@@ -715,20 +793,747 @@ users:
 		t.Fatalf("failed to write public key file: %s", err)
 	}
 	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
-	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+defaultVMAccessClaimToken)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
 	responseExpected = `
 statusCode=200
-/foo/abc`
+path: /foo/abc
+query:
+headers:`
 	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
 users:
 - jwt:
     public_key_files:
     - %q
-  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/foo`, string(publicKeyFile)), request, responseExpected)
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/foo`, publicKeyFile), request, responseExpected)
+
+	// ---- VictoriaMetrics specific tests ----
+
+	// extra_label and extra_filters dropped if empty in vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/0:0/api/v1/query
+query:
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// extra_label and extra_filters set if present in vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={label3="value3"}
+    extra_filters={label4="value4"}
+    extra_label=label1=value1
+    extra_label=label2=value2
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// extra_label and extra_filters from vm_access claim merged with statically defined
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=aStaticFilter
+    extra_filters={label3="value3"}
+    extra_filters={label4="value4"}
+    extra_label=aStaticLabel
+    extra_label=label1=value1
+    extra_label=label2=value2
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label=aStaticLabel&extra_filters=aStaticFilter&extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// extra_labels and extra_filters set from vm_access claim should override user provided query args
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query?extra_label=userProvidedLabel&extra_filters=userProvidedFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={label3="value3"}
+    extra_filters={label4="value4"}
+    extra_label=label1=value1
+    extra_label=label2=value2
+headers:`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// merge user provided query args with extra_labels and extra_filters from vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query?extra_label=userProvidedLabel&extra_filters=userProvidedFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={label3="value3"}
+    extra_filters={label4="value4"}
+    extra_filters=userProvidedFilter
+    extra_label=label1=value1
+    extra_label=label2=value2
+    extra_label=userProvidedLabel
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  merge_query_args: [extra_filters, extra_label]
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// pass user provided query args if vm_access claim has no extra_labels and extra_filters
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query?extra_label=userProvidedLabel&extra_filters=userProvidedFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=userProvidedFilter
+    extra_label=userProvidedLabel
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  merge_query_args: [extra_filters, extra_label]
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// pass user provided query args if vm_access claim has no extra_labels and extra_filters
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query?extra_label=userProvidedLabel&extra_filters=userProvidedFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=userProvidedFilter
+    extra_label=userProvidedLabel
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// placeholders in url_map
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/123:234/api/v1/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={label3="value3"}
+    extra_filters={label4="value4"}
+    extra_label=label1=value1
+    extra_label=label2=value2
+headers:`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/api/.*"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}&extra_filters={{.MetricsExtraFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// ---- VictoriaLogs specific tests ----
+
+	// tenant headers not overwritten if set statically
+	// extra_filters extra_stream_filters dropped if empty in vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+headers:
+    AccountID=555
+    ProjectID=666`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: 555"
+    - "ProjectID: 666"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// tenant headers are overwritten if set as placeholders
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+headers:
+    AccountID=0
+    ProjectID=0`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// tenant headers are overwritten if set as placeholders
+	// extra_filters extra_stream_filters from vm_access claim merged with statically defined
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=aStaticFilter
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters=aStaticStreamFilter
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters=aStaticFilter&extra_stream_filters=aStaticStreamFilter&extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// tenant headers are overwritten if set as placeholders
+	// extra_filters extra_stream_filters from vm_access claim merged with statically defined
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=aStaticFilter
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters=aStaticStreamFilter
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters=aStaticFilter&extra_stream_filters=aStaticStreamFilter&extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// claim info should overwrite user provided query args and headers
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query?extra_filters=aUserFilter&extra_stream_filters=aUserStreamFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	request.Header.Set(`AccountID`, `aUserAccountID`)
+	request.Header.Set(`ProjectID`, `aUserProjectID`)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// merge user provided query args with extra_filters and extra_stream_filters from vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query?extra_filters=aUserFilter&extra_stream_filters=aUserStreamFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_filters=aUserFilter
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+    extra_stream_filters=aUserStreamFilter
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  merge_query_args: [extra_filters, extra_stream_filters]
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// pass user provided query args if vm_access claim has no extra_labels and extra_filters
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query?extra_filters=aUserFilter&extra_stream_filters=aUserStreamFilter", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+minimalToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters=aUserFilter
+    extra_stream_filters=aUserStreamFilter
+headers:
+    AccountID=0
+    ProjectID=0`
+	f(
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  merge_query_args: [extra_filters, extra_stream_filters]
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// placeholders in url_map
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/query"]
+      headers:
+        - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+        - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// multiple placeholders in url_map for the same param
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+    tenant_info=static=value
+    tenant_info=345
+    tenant_info=456
+headers:
+    AccountID=345
+    ProjectID=456`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/query"]
+      headers:
+        - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+        - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}&tenant_info=static=value&tenant_info={{.LogsAccountID}}&tenant_info={{.LogsProjectID}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+	// client request params must be ignored by placeholders
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query?template_attack={{.LogsExtraFilters}}", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	request.Header.Set(`AccountID`, `{{.LogsAccountID}}`)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /select/logsql/query
+query:
+    extra_filters={"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}
+    extra_stream_filters={"team":"dev"}
+    template_attack={{.LogsExtraFilters}}
+headers:
+    AccountID={{.LogsAccountID}}`
+	f(fmt.Sprintf(
+		`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/query"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+	nestedToken := genToken(t, map[string]any{
+		"exp":  time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute).Unix(),
+		"team": "dev",
+		"nested": map[string]any{
+			"department_id": 0,
+			"scopes":        []string{"metrics", "logs"},
+			"team_permissions": map[string]any{
+				"read":  0,
+				"write": 1,
+			},
+		},
+		"vm_access": map[string]any{
+			"metrics_account_id": 123,
+			"metrics_project_id": 234,
+			"metrics_extra_labels": []string{
+				"label1=value1",
+				"label2=value2",
+			},
+			"metrics_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{label3="value3"}`,
+				`{label4="value4"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_account_id": 345,
+			"logs_project_id": 456,
+			"logs_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_extra_stream_filters": []string{
+				`{"team":"dev"}`,
+			},
+		},
+	}, true)
+
+	// use claim for routing, must specific match wins
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/route", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+nestedToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /dev/route
+query:
+headers:
+`
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: dev
+     nested.scopes.1: "logs"
+     nested.department_id: "0"
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/dev
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: dev
+     nested.scopes.1: "logs"
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/ops
+`,
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// use claim for routing, most specific not matching
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/route", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+nestedToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /less_claims/route
+query:
+headers:
+`
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: ops
+     nested.scopes.1: "logs"
+     nested.department_id: "0"
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/more_claims
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: dev
+     nested.team_permissions.write: "1"
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/less_claims
+`,
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+	// use claim for routing, empty claim match
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/route", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+nestedToken)
+	responseExpected = `
+statusCode=200
+path: /empty/route
+query:
+headers:
+`
+	f(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/empty
+- jwt:
+    skip_verify: true
+    match_claims:
+     team: ops
+     nested.team_permissions.write: "1"
+  url_map:
+    - src_paths: ["/route"]
+      url_prefix: {BACKEND}/ops
+`,
+		request,
+		responseExpected,
+	)
+
+}
+
+func TestOIDCRequestHandler(t *testing.T) {
+	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 2048)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot generate RSA key: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	var oidcSrv *httptest.Server
+	oidcRespOK := atomic.Bool{}
+	oidcRespOK.Store(true)
+
+	oidcSrv = httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		switch r.URL.Path {
+		case "/.well-known/openid-configuration":
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			if err := json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(map[string]string{
+				"issuer":   oidcSrv.URL,
+				"jwks_uri": oidcSrv.URL + "/jwks",
+			}); err != nil {
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write openid-configuration response: %w", err))
+			}
+		case "/jwks":
+			if !oidcRespOK.Load() {
+				http.Error(w, "internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
+				return
+			}
+
+			// Encode the RSA public key in JWK format (base64url, no padding)
+			nBytes := privateKey.N.Bytes()
+			eBytes := big.NewInt(int64(privateKey.E)).Bytes()
+			jwksBody := fmt.Sprintf(`{"keys":[{"kty":"RSA","kid":%q,"n":%q,"e":%q}]}`,
+				`test-key-id`,
+				base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(nBytes),
+				base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(eBytes),
+			)
+
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
+			if _, err := w.Write([]byte(jwksBody)); err != nil {
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write jwks response: %w", err))
+			}
+		default:
+			http.NotFound(w, r)
+		}
+	}))
+	defer oidcSrv.Close()
+
+	headerJSON, err := json.Marshal(map[string]any{
+		"alg": "RS256",
+		"typ": "JWT",
+		"iss": oidcSrv.URL,
+		"kid": `test-key-id`,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot marshal JWT header: %s", err)
+	}
+	headerB64 := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(headerJSON)
+
+	bodyJSON, err := json.Marshal(map[string]any{
+		"exp":       time.Now().Add(time.Minute).Unix(),
+		"iss":       oidcSrv.URL,
+		"vm_access": map[string]any{},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot marshal JWT body: %s", err)
+	}
+	bodyB64 := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(bodyJSON)
+
+	payload := headerB64 + "." + bodyB64
+
+	var signatureB64 string
+	hash := crypto.SHA256
+	h := hash.New()
+	h.Write([]byte(payload))
+	digest := h.Sum(nil)
+
+	signature, err := rsa.SignPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, privateKey, hash, digest)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("cannot sign JWT token: %s", err)
+	}
+	signatureB64 = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(signature)
+
+	tkn := payload + "." + signatureB64
+
+	backSrv := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	}))
+	defer backSrv.Close()
+
+	f := func(responseExpected string) {
+		t.Helper()
+
+		cfgStr := `
+users:
+- jwt:
+    oidc:
+      issuer: ` + oidcSrv.URL + `
+  url_prefix: ` + backSrv.URL + `/
+`
+
+		cfgOrigP := authConfigData.Load()
+		if _, err := reloadAuthConfigData([]byte(cfgStr)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("cannot load config data: %s", err)
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			cfgOrig := []byte("unauthorized_user:\n  url_prefix: http://foo/bar")
+			if cfgOrigP != nil {
+				cfgOrig = *cfgOrigP
+			}
+			if _, err := reloadAuthConfigData(cfgOrig); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("cannot restore original config: %s", err)
+			}
+		}()
+
+		r := httptest.NewRequest("GET", "http://some-host.com/api/v1/query", nil)
+		r.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+tkn)
+
+		w := &fakeResponseWriter{}
+		if !requestHandlerWithInternalRoutes(w, r) {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected false returned from requestHandler")
+		}
+
+		if response := w.getResponse(); response != responseExpected {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected response\ngot\n%s\nwant\n%s", response, responseExpected)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// successful
+	f(`statusCode=200
+`)
+
+	oidcRespOK.Store(false)
+	// OIDC server error
+	f(`statusCode=401
+Unauthorized
+`)
 }
 
 type fakeResponseWriter struct {
-	h http.Header
+	statusCode int
+	h          http.Header
 
 	bb bytes.Buffer
 }
@@ -754,6 +1559,7 @@ func (w *fakeResponseWriter) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
 }
 
 func (w *fakeResponseWriter) WriteHeader(statusCode int) {
+	w.statusCode = statusCode
 	fmt.Fprintf(&w.bb, "statusCode=%d\n", statusCode)
 	if w.h == nil {
 		return
@@ -774,6 +1580,12 @@ func (w *fakeResponseWriter) SetReadDeadline(deadline time.Time) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+func (w *fakeResponseWriter) reset() {
+	w.bb.Reset()
+	w.statusCode = 0
+	clear(w.h)
+}
+
 func TestBufferRequestBody_Success(t *testing.T) {
 	defaultRequestBufferSize := requestBufferSize.String()
 	defer func() {

app/vmauth/main_timing_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"crypto"
+	"crypto/rand"
+	"crypto/rsa"
+	"crypto/x509"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"encoding/pem"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func BenchmarkJWTRequestHandler(b *testing.B) {
+	// Generate RSA key pair for testing
+	privateKey, err := rsa.GenerateKey(rand.Reader, 2048)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatalf("cannot generate RSA key: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	// Generate public key PEM
+	publicKeyBytes, err := x509.MarshalPKIXPublicKey(&privateKey.PublicKey)
+	if err != nil {
+		b.Fatalf("cannot marshal public key: %s", err)
+	}
+	publicKeyPEM := pem.EncodeToMemory(&pem.Block{
+		Type:  "PUBLIC KEY",
+		Bytes: publicKeyBytes,
+	})
+
+	genToken := func(t *testing.B, body map[string]any, valid bool) string {
+		t.Helper()
+
+		headerJSON, err := json.Marshal(map[string]any{
+			"alg": "RS256",
+			"typ": "JWT",
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("cannot marshal header: %s", err)
+		}
+		headerB64 := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(headerJSON)
+
+		bodyJSON, err := json.Marshal(body)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("cannot marshal body: %s", err)
+		}
+		bodyB64 := base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(bodyJSON)
+
+		payload := headerB64 + "." + bodyB64
+
+		var signatureB64 string
+		if valid {
+			// Create real RSA signature
+			hash := crypto.SHA256
+			h := hash.New()
+			h.Write([]byte(payload))
+			digest := h.Sum(nil)
+
+			signature, err := rsa.SignPKCS1v15(rand.Reader, privateKey, hash, digest)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("cannot sign token: %s", err)
+			}
+			signatureB64 = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString(signature)
+		} else {
+			signatureB64 = base64.RawURLEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte("invalid_signature"))
+		}
+
+		return payload + "." + signatureB64
+	}
+
+	f := func(name string, cfgStr string, r *http.Request, statusCodeExpected int) {
+		b.Helper()
+
+		b.ReportAllocs()
+		b.ResetTimer()
+		ts := httptest.NewServer(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			if _, err := w.Write([]byte("path: " + r.URL.Path + "\n")); err != nil {
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot write response: %w", err))
+			}
+		}))
+		defer ts.Close()
+
+		cfgStr = strings.ReplaceAll(cfgStr, "{BACKEND}", ts.URL)
+
+		cfgOrigP := authConfigData.Load()
+		if _, err := reloadAuthConfigData([]byte(cfgStr)); err != nil {
+			b.Fatalf("cannot load config data: %s", err)
+		}
+		defer func() {
+			cfgOrig := []byte("unauthorized_user:\n  url_prefix: http://foo/bar")
+			if cfgOrigP != nil {
+				cfgOrig = *cfgOrigP
+			}
+			_, err := reloadAuthConfigData(cfgOrig)
+			if err != nil {
+				b.Fatalf("cannot load the original config: %s", err)
+			}
+		}()
+
+		b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {
+			b.ResetTimer()
+			b.ReportAllocs()
+			b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
+				w := &fakeResponseWriter{}
+				for pb.Next() {
+					w.reset()
+					if !requestHandlerWithInternalRoutes(w, r) {
+						b.Fatalf("unexpected false is returned from requestHandler")
+					}
+					if w.statusCode != statusCodeExpected {
+						b.Fatalf("unexpected response code (-%d;+%d)", statusCodeExpected, w.statusCode)
+					}
+
+				}
+			})
+		})
+	}
+
+	simpleCfgStr := fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/foo`, string(publicKeyPEM))
+	noVMAccessClaimToken := genToken(b, nil, true)
+	expiredToken := genToken(b, map[string]any{
+		"exp":       10,
+		"vm_access": map[string]any{},
+	}, true)
+
+	fullToken := genToken(b, map[string]any{
+		"exp":   time.Now().Add(10 * time.Minute).Unix(),
+		"scope": "email id",
+		"vm_access": map[string]any{
+			"extra_labels": map[string]string{
+				"label":  "value1",
+				"label2": "value3",
+			},
+			"extra_filters":      []string{"stream_filter1", "stream_filter2"},
+			"metrics_account_id": 123,
+			"metrics_project_id": 234,
+			"metrics_extra_labels": []string{
+				"label1=value1",
+				"label2=value2",
+			},
+			"metrics_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{label3="value3"}`,
+				`{label4="value4"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_account_id": 345,
+			"logs_project_id": 456,
+			"logs_extra_filters": []string{
+				`{"namespace":"my-app","env":"prod"}`,
+			},
+			"logs_extra_stream_filters": []string{
+				`{"team":"dev"}`,
+			},
+		},
+	}, true)
+
+	// tenant headers are overwritten if set as placeholders
+	// extra_filters extra_stream_filters from vm_access claim merged with statically defined
+	request := httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/query", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+fullToken)
+	f("full_template",
+		fmt.Sprintf(`
+users:
+- jwt:
+    public_keys:
+    - %q
+  headers:
+    - "AccountID: {{.LogsAccountID}}"
+    - "ProjectID: {{.LogsProjectID}}"
+  url_prefix: {BACKEND}/select/logsql/?extra_filters=aStaticFilter&extra_stream_filters=aStaticStreamFilter&extra_filters={{.LogsExtraFilters}}&extra_stream_filters={{.LogsExtraStreamFilters}}`, string(publicKeyPEM)),
+		request,
+		http.StatusOK,
+	)
+
+	// token without vm_access claim
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+noVMAccessClaimToken)
+	f("token_without_claim", simpleCfgStr, request, http.StatusUnauthorized)
+
+	// expired token
+	request = httptest.NewRequest(`GET`, "http://some-host.com/abc", nil)
+	request.Header.Set(`Authorization`, `Bearer `+expiredToken)
+	f("expired_token", simpleCfgStr, request, http.StatusUnauthorized)
+}

app/vmauth/oidc.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/jwt"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/timeutil"
+)
+
+type oidcConfig struct {
+	Issuer string `yaml:"issuer"`
+}
+
+type oidcDiscovererPool struct {
+	ds map[string]*oidcDiscoverer
+
+	context context.Context
+	cancel  func()
+	wg      *sync.WaitGroup
+}
+
+func (dp *oidcDiscovererPool) createOrAdd(issuer string, vp *atomic.Pointer[jwt.VerifierPool]) {
+	if dp.ds == nil {
+		dp.ds = make(map[string]*oidcDiscoverer)
+		dp.context, dp.cancel = context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+		dp.wg = &sync.WaitGroup{}
+	}
+
+	ds, found := dp.ds[issuer]
+	if !found {
+		ds = &oidcDiscoverer{
+			issuer: issuer,
+		}
+		dp.ds[issuer] = ds
+	}
+
+	ds.vps = append(ds.vps, vp)
+}
+
+func (dp *oidcDiscovererPool) startDiscovery() {
+	if len(dp.ds) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	for _, d := range dp.ds {
+		dp.wg.Go(func() {
+			if err := d.refreshVerifierPools(dp.context); err != nil {
+				logger.Errorf("failed to initialize OIDC verifier pool at start for issuer %q: %s", d.issuer, err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+	dp.wg.Wait()
+
+	for _, d := range dp.ds {
+		dp.wg.Go(func() {
+			d.run(dp.context)
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func (dp *oidcDiscovererPool) stopDiscovery() {
+	if len(dp.ds) == 0 {
+		return
+	}
+
+	dp.cancel()
+	dp.wg.Wait()
+}
+
+type oidcDiscoverer struct {
+	issuer string
+	vps    []*atomic.Pointer[jwt.VerifierPool]
+}
+
+func (d *oidcDiscoverer) run(ctx context.Context) {
+	t := time.NewTimer(timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(time.Second * 10))
+	defer t.Stop()
+
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-t.C:
+			if err := d.refreshVerifierPools(ctx); errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
+				return
+			} else if err != nil {
+				t.Reset(timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(time.Second * 10))
+				logger.Errorf("failed to refresh OIDC verifier pool for issuer %q: %v", d.issuer, err)
+				continue
+			}
+			// OIDC may return Cache-Control header with max-age directive.
+			// It could be used as time range for next refresh.
+			// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#RotateEncKeys
+			t.Reset(timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(time.Minute * 5))
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (d *oidcDiscoverer) refreshVerifierPools(ctx context.Context) error {
+	cfg, err := getOpenIDConfiguration(ctx, d.issuer)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	// The issuer in the OIDC configuration must match the expected issuer.
+	// https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-core-1_0.html#RotateEncKeys
+	if cfg.Issuer != d.issuer {
+		return fmt.Errorf("openid configuration issuer %q does not match expected issuer %q", cfg.Issuer, d.issuer)
+	}
+
+	verifierPool, err := fetchAndParseJWKs(ctx, cfg.JWKsURI)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, vp := range d.vps {
+		vp.Store(verifierPool)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// See https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderMetadata for details.
+type openidConfig struct {
+	Issuer  string `json:"issuer"`
+	JWKsURI string `json:"jwks_uri"`
+}
+
+var oidcHTTPClient = &http.Client{
+	Timeout: time.Second * 5,
+}
+
+func fetchAndParseJWKs(ctx context.Context, jwksURI string) (*jwt.VerifierPool, error) {
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, jwksURI, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request for fetching jwks keys from %q: %w", jwksURI, err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := oidcHTTPClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch jwks keys from %q: %w", jwksURI, err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d when fetching jwks keys from %q", resp.StatusCode, jwksURI)
+	}
+
+	b, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response body from %q: %w", jwksURI, err)
+	}
+
+	vp, err := jwt.ParseJWKs(b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse jwks keys from %q: %v", jwksURI, err)
+	}
+
+	return vp, nil
+}
+
+func getOpenIDConfiguration(ctx context.Context, issuer string) (openidConfig, error) {
+	issuer, _ = strings.CutSuffix(issuer, "/")
+	configURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/.well-known/openid-configuration", issuer)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, configURL, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to create request for fetching openid config from %q: %w", configURL, err)
+	}
+
+	resp, err := oidcHTTPClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch openid config from %q: %w", configURL, err)
+	}
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("unexpected status code %d when fetching openid config from %q", resp.StatusCode, configURL)
+	}
+
+	var cfg openidConfig
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&cfg); err != nil {
+		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode openid config from %q: %s", configURL, err)
+	}
+
+	return cfg, nil
+}

app/vminsert/datadogsketches/request_handler.go

@@ -45,15 +45,14 @@ func insertRows(sketches []*datadogsketches.Sketch, extraLabels []prompb.Label)
 		ms := sketch.ToSummary()
 		for _, m := range ms {
 			ctx.Labels = ctx.Labels[:0]
+			// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10557
+			ctx.AddLabel("host", sketch.Host) // newly added
 			ctx.AddLabel("", m.Name)
 			for _, label := range m.Labels {
 				ctx.AddLabel(label.Name, label.Value)
 			}
 			for _, tag := range sketch.Tags {
 				name, value := datadogutil.SplitTag(tag)
-				if name == "host" {
-					name = "exported_host"
-				}
 				ctx.AddLabel(name, value)
 			}
 			for j := range extraLabels {

app/vmselect/main.go

@@ -321,19 +321,23 @@ func RequestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		return true
 	case "/tags/tagSeries":
 		graphiteTagsTagSeriesRequests.Inc()
-		if err := graphite.TagsTagSeriesHandler(startTime, w, r); err != nil {
-			graphiteTagsTagSeriesErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
+		err := &httpserver.ErrorWithStatusCode{
+			Err: fmt.Errorf("graphite tag registration has been disabled and is planned to be removed in future. " +
+				"See: https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10544"),
+			StatusCode: http.StatusNotImplemented,
 		}
+		graphiteTagsTagSeriesErrors.Inc()
+		httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
 		return true
 	case "/tags/tagMultiSeries":
 		graphiteTagsTagMultiSeriesRequests.Inc()
-		if err := graphite.TagsTagMultiSeriesHandler(startTime, w, r); err != nil {
-			graphiteTagsTagMultiSeriesErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
+		err := &httpserver.ErrorWithStatusCode{
+			Err: fmt.Errorf("graphite tag registration has been disabled and is planned to be removed in future. " +
+				"See: https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10544"),
+			StatusCode: http.StatusNotImplemented,
 		}
+		graphiteTagsTagMultiSeriesErrors.Inc()
+		httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
 		return true
 	case "/tags":
 		graphiteTagsRequests.Inc()

app/vmselect/prometheus/prometheus.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"
+	"unicode/utf8"
 
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metricsql"
@@ -528,6 +529,14 @@ func LabelValuesHandler(qt *querytracer.Tracer, startTime time.Time, labelName s
 		return err
 	}
 	sq := storage.NewSearchQuery(cp.start, cp.end, cp.filterss, *maxLabelsAPISeries)
+
+	if strings.HasPrefix(labelName, "U__") {
+		// This label seems to be Unicode-encoded according to the Prometheus spec.
+		// See https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/api/#querying-label-values
+		// Spec: https://github.com/prometheus/proposals/blob/main/proposals/0028-utf8.md
+		labelName = unescapePrometheusLabelName(labelName)
+	}
+
 	labelValues, err := netstorage.LabelValues(qt, labelName, sq, limit, cp.deadline)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("cannot obtain values for label %q: %w", labelName, err)
@@ -1330,3 +1339,70 @@ func calculateMaxUniqueTimeSeriesForResource(maxConcurrentRequests, remainingMem
 func GetMaxUniqueTimeSeries() int {
 	return maxUniqueTimeseriesValue
 }
+
+// copied from https://github.com/prometheus/common/blob/adea6285c1c7447fcb7bfdeb6abfc6eff893e0a7/model/metric.go#L483
+// it's not possible to use direct import due to increased binary size
+func unescapePrometheusLabelName(name string) string {
+	// lower function taken from strconv.atoi.
+	lower := func(c byte) byte {
+		return c | ('x' - 'X')
+	}
+	if len(name) == 0 {
+		return name
+	}
+	escapedName, found := strings.CutPrefix(name, "U__")
+	if !found {
+		return name
+	}
+
+	var unescaped strings.Builder
+TOP:
+	for i := 0; i < len(escapedName); i++ {
+		// All non-underscores are treated normally.
+		if escapedName[i] != '_' {
+			unescaped.WriteByte(escapedName[i])
+			continue
+		}
+		i++
+		if i >= len(escapedName) {
+			return name
+		}
+		// A double underscore is a single underscore.
+		if escapedName[i] == '_' {
+			unescaped.WriteByte('_')
+			continue
+		}
+		// We think we are in a UTF-8 code, process it.
+		var utf8Val uint
+		for j := 0; i < len(escapedName); j++ {
+			// This is too many characters for a utf8 value based on the MaxRune
+			// value of '\U0010FFFF'.
+			if j >= 6 {
+				return name
+			}
+			// Found a closing underscore, convert to a rune, check validity, and append.
+			if escapedName[i] == '_' {
+				utf8Rune := rune(utf8Val)
+				if !utf8.ValidRune(utf8Rune) {
+					return name
+				}
+				unescaped.WriteRune(utf8Rune)
+				continue TOP
+			}
+			r := lower(escapedName[i])
+			utf8Val *= 16
+			switch {
+			case r >= '0' && r <= '9':
+				utf8Val += uint(r) - '0'
+			case r >= 'a' && r <= 'f':
+				utf8Val += uint(r) - 'a' + 10
+			default:
+				return name
+			}
+			i++
+		}
+		// Didn't find closing underscore, invalid.
+		return name
+	}
+	return unescaped.String()
+}

app/vmselect/promql/eval.go

@@ -1166,6 +1166,61 @@ func evalInstantRollup(qt *querytracer.Tracer, ec *EvalConfig, funcName string,
 			},
 		}
 		return evalExpr(qt, ec, be)
+	// the cached rate result could be inaccurate in edge cases, see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10098
+	case "rate":
+		if iafc != nil {
+			if !strings.EqualFold(iafc.ae.Name, "sum") {
+				qt.Printf("do not apply instant rollup optimization for incremental aggregate %s()", iafc.ae.Name)
+				return evalAt(qt, timestamp, window)
+			}
+			qt.Printf("optimized calculation for sum(rate(m[d])) as (sum(increase(m[d])) / d)")
+			afe := expr.(*metricsql.AggrFuncExpr)
+			fe := afe.Args[0].(*metricsql.FuncExpr)
+			feIncrease := *fe
+			feIncrease.Name = "increase"
+			// copy RollupExpr to drop possible offset,
+			// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/9762
+			newArg := copyRollupExpr(fe.Args[0].(*metricsql.RollupExpr))
+			newArg.Offset = nil
+			feIncrease.Args = []metricsql.Expr{newArg}
+			d := newArg.Window.Duration(ec.Step)
+			if d == 0 {
+				d = ec.Step
+			}
+			afeIncrease := *afe
+			afeIncrease.Args = []metricsql.Expr{&feIncrease}
+			be := &metricsql.BinaryOpExpr{
+				Op:              "/",
+				KeepMetricNames: true,
+				Left:            &afeIncrease,
+				Right: &metricsql.NumberExpr{
+					N: float64(d) / 1000,
+				},
+			}
+			return evalExpr(qt, ec, be)
+		}
+		qt.Printf("optimized calculation for instant rollup rate(m[d]) as (increase(m[d]) / d)")
+		fe := expr.(*metricsql.FuncExpr)
+		feIncrease := *fe
+		feIncrease.Name = "increase"
+		// copy RollupExpr to drop possible offset,
+		// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/9762
+		newArg := copyRollupExpr(fe.Args[0].(*metricsql.RollupExpr))
+		newArg.Offset = nil
+		feIncrease.Args = []metricsql.Expr{newArg}
+		d := newArg.Window.Duration(ec.Step)
+		if d == 0 {
+			d = ec.Step
+		}
+		be := &metricsql.BinaryOpExpr{
+			Op:              "/",
+			KeepMetricNames: fe.KeepMetricNames,
+			Left:            &feIncrease,
+			Right: &metricsql.NumberExpr{
+				N: float64(d) / 1000,
+			},
+		}
+		return evalExpr(qt, ec, be)
 	case "max_over_time":
 		if iafc != nil {
 			if !strings.EqualFold(iafc.ae.Name, "max") {

app/vmselect/promql/exec_test.go

@@ -4018,6 +4018,12 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(scalar)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(123, 456, time())`
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-no-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_quantile(0.6, label_set(100, "foo", "bar"))`
@@ -4030,6 +4036,12 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-no-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(123,456, label_set(100, "foo", "bar"))`
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-invalid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_quantile(0.6, label_set(100, "le", "foobar"))`
@@ -4042,6 +4054,12 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-invalid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(50, 60, label_set(100, "le", "foobar"))`
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-inf-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_quantile(0.6, label_set(100, "le", "+Inf"))`
@@ -4183,6 +4201,28 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-valid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(0, 100, label_set(100, "le", "200"))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-valid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(200, 300, label_set(100, "le", "200"))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-valid-le, boundsLabel)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `sort(histogram_quantile(0.6, label_set(100, "le", "200"), "foobar"))`
@@ -4212,7 +4252,7 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r1, r2, r3}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
-	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-valid-le, boundsLabel)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run(`histogram_share(single-value-valid-le, boundsLabel)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `sort(histogram_share(120, label_set(100, "le", "200"), "foobar"))`
 		r1 := netstorage.Result{
@@ -4311,7 +4351,37 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
-	t.Run(`histogram_share(single-value-valid-le-mid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-valid-le-max-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(0,100, (
+			label_set(100, "le", "100"),
+			label_set(40, "le", "50"),
+			label_set(0, "le", "10"),
+		))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-valid-le-min-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(0,10, (
+			label_set(100, "le", "100"),
+			label_set(40, "le", "50"),
+			label_set(0, "le", "10"),
+		))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_share(single-value-valid-le-mid-le-1)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_share(105, (
 			label_set(100, "le", "200"),
@@ -4325,6 +4395,34 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_share(single-value-valid-le-mid-le-2)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_share(55, (
+			label_set(100, "le", "200"),
+			label_set(0, "le", "55"),
+		))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(single-value-valid-le-mid-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(55,105, (
+			label_set(100, "le", "200"),
+			label_set(0, "le", "55"),
+		))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.3448275862068966, 0.3448275862068966, 0.3448275862068966, 0.3448275862068966, 0.3448275862068966, 0.3448275862068966},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(single-value-valid-le-min-phi-no-zero-bucket)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_quantile(0, label_set(100, "le", "200"))`
@@ -4358,6 +4456,17 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(scalar-phi)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(25, time() / 8, label_set(100, "le", "200"))`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.5, 0.625, 0.75, 0.875, 0.875, 0.875},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(duplicate-le)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/pull/3225
 		t.Parallel()
@@ -4439,6 +4548,36 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r1, r2}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(valid)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `sort(histogram_fraction(0, 25,
+			label_set(90, "foo", "bar", "le", "10")
+			or label_set(100, "foo", "bar", "le", "30")
+			or label_set(300, "foo", "bar", "le", "+Inf")
+			or label_set(200, "tag", "xx", "le", "10")
+			or label_set(300, "tag", "xx", "le", "30")
+		))`
+		r1 := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.325, 0.325, 0.325, 0.325, 0.325, 0.325},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		r1.MetricName.Tags = []storage.Tag{{
+			Key:   []byte("foo"),
+			Value: []byte("bar"),
+		}}
+		r2 := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.9166666666666666, 0.9166666666666666, 0.9166666666666666, 0.9166666666666666, 0.9166666666666666, 0.9166666666666666},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		r2.MetricName.Tags = []storage.Tag{{
+			Key:   []byte("tag"),
+			Value: []byte("xx"),
+		}}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r1, r2}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(negative-bucket-count)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `histogram_quantile(0.6,
@@ -4555,6 +4694,25 @@ func TestExecSuccess(t *testing.T) {
 		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
 		f(q, resultExpected)
 	})
+	t.Run(`histogram_fraction(normal-bucket-count)`, func(t *testing.T) {
+		t.Parallel()
+		q := `histogram_fraction(22,35,
+			label_set(0, "foo", "bar", "le", "10")
+			or label_set(100, "foo", "bar", "le", "30")
+			or label_set(300, "foo", "bar", "le", "+Inf")
+		)`
+		r := netstorage.Result{
+			MetricName: metricNameExpected,
+			Values:     []float64{0.1333333333333333, 0.1333333333333333, 0.1333333333333333, 0.1333333333333333, 0.1333333333333333, 0.1333333333333333},
+			Timestamps: timestampsExpected,
+		}
+		r.MetricName.Tags = []storage.Tag{{
+			Key:   []byte("foo"),
+			Value: []byte("bar"),
+		}}
+		resultExpected := []netstorage.Result{r}
+		f(q, resultExpected)
+	})
 	t.Run(`histogram_quantile(normal-bucket-count, boundsLabel)`, func(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Parallel()
 		q := `sort(histogram_quantile(0.2,

app/vmselect/promql/transform.go

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ var transformFuncs = map[string]transformFunc{
 	"exp":                        newTransformFuncOneArg(transformExp),
 	"floor":                      newTransformFuncOneArg(transformFloor),
 	"histogram_avg":              transformHistogramAvg,
+	"histogram_fraction":         transformHistogramFraction,
 	"histogram_quantile":         transformHistogramQuantile,
 	"histogram_quantiles":        transformHistogramQuantiles,
 	"histogram_share":            transformHistogramShare,
@@ -662,13 +663,13 @@ func transformHistogramShare(tfa *transformFuncArg) ([]*timeseries, error) {
 		if math.IsNaN(leReq) || len(xss) == 0 {
 			return nan, nan, nan
 		}
-		fixBrokenBuckets(i, xss)
 		if leReq < 0 {
 			return 0, 0, 0
 		}
 		if math.IsInf(leReq, 1) {
 			return 1, 1, 1
 		}
+		fixBrokenBuckets(i, xss)
 		var vPrev, lePrev float64
 		for _, xs := range xss {
 			v := xs.ts.Values[i]
@@ -729,6 +730,85 @@ func transformHistogramShare(tfa *transformFuncArg) ([]*timeseries, error) {
 	return rvs, nil
 }
 
+// histogram_fraction is a shortcut for `histogram_share(upperLe, buckets) - histogram_share(lowerLe, buckets)`;
+// histogram_fraction(x, y) = histogram_fraction(-Inf, y) - histogram_fraction(-Inf, x) = histogram_share(y) - histogram_share(x).
+// This function is supported by PromQL.
+func transformHistogramFraction(tfa *transformFuncArg) ([]*timeseries, error) {
+	args := tfa.args
+	if err := expectTransformArgsNum(args, 3); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	lowerles, err := getScalar(args[0], 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse lower le: %w", err)
+	}
+	upperles, err := getScalar(args[1], 1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse upper le: %w", err)
+	}
+	if lowerles[0] >= upperles[0] {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("lower le cannot be greater than upper le; got lower le: %f, upper le: %f", lowerles[0], upperles[0])
+	}
+
+	// Convert buckets with `vmrange` labels to buckets with `le` labels.
+	tss := vmrangeBucketsToLE(args[2])
+
+	// Group metrics by all tags excluding "le"
+	m := groupLeTimeseries(tss)
+
+	fraction := func(i int, lowerle, upperle float64, xss []leTimeseries) (q float64) {
+		if math.IsNaN(lowerle) || math.IsNaN(upperle) || len(xss) == 0 {
+			return nan
+		}
+		fixBrokenBuckets(i, xss)
+		share := func(leReq float64) float64 {
+			if leReq < 0 {
+				return 0
+			}
+			if math.IsInf(leReq, 1) {
+				return 1
+			}
+			var vPrev, lePrev float64
+			for _, xs := range xss {
+				v := xs.ts.Values[i]
+				le := xs.le
+				if leReq >= le {
+					vPrev = v
+					lePrev = le
+					continue
+				}
+				// precondition: lePrev <= leReq < le
+				vLast := xss[len(xss)-1].ts.Values[i]
+				lower := vPrev / vLast
+				if math.IsInf(le, 1) {
+					return lower
+				}
+				if lePrev == leReq {
+					return lower
+				}
+				q = lower + (v-vPrev)/vLast*(leReq-lePrev)/(le-lePrev)
+				return q
+			}
+			return 1
+		}
+		return share(upperle) - share(lowerle)
+	}
+	rvs := make([]*timeseries, 0, len(m))
+	for _, xss := range m {
+		sort.Slice(xss, func(i, j int) bool {
+			return xss[i].le < xss[j].le
+		})
+		xss = mergeSameLE(xss)
+		dst := xss[0].ts
+		for i := range dst.Values {
+			q := fraction(i, lowerles[i], upperles[i], xss)
+			dst.Values[i] = q
+		}
+		rvs = append(rvs, dst)
+	}
+	return rvs, nil
+}
+
 func transformHistogramAvg(tfa *transformFuncArg) ([]*timeseries, error) {
 	args := tfa.args
 	if err := expectTransformArgsNum(args, 1); err != nil {

app/vmselect/vmui/assets/MetricsQL-DmQtQmkX.md

@@ -1227,7 +1227,10 @@ Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#ke
 #### buckets_limit
 
 `buckets_limit(limit, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which limits the number
-of [histogram buckets](https://valyala.medium.com/improving-histogram-usability-for-prometheus-and-grafana-bc7e5df0e350) to the given `limit`.
+of [histogram buckets](https://valyala.medium.com/improving-histogram-usability-for-prometheus-and-grafana-bc7e5df0e350) to the given `limit`. 
+
+The result will preserve the first and the last bucket to improve accuracy for min and max values. 
+So, if the `limit` is greater than 0 and less than 3, the function will still return 3 buckets: the first bucket, the last bucket, and a selected bucket.
 
 See also [prometheus_buckets](#prometheus_buckets) and [histogram_quantile](#histogram_quantile).
 
@@ -1381,6 +1384,15 @@ It can be used for calculating the average over the given time range across mult
 For example, `histogram_avg(sum(histogram_over_time(response_time_duration_seconds[5m])) by (vmrange,job))` would return the average response time
 per each `job` over the last 5 minutes.
 
+#### histogram_fraction
+
+`histogram_fraction(lowerLe, upperLe, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which calculates the share (in the range `[0...1]`) for `buckets` that fall between `lowerLe` and `upperLe`.
+The result of `histogram_fraction(lowerLe, upperLe, buckets)` is equivalent to `histogram_share(upperLe, buckets) - histogram_share(lowerLe, buckets)`.
+
+This function is supported by PromQL.
+
+See also [histogram_share](#histogram_share).
+
 #### histogram_quantile
 
 `histogram_quantile(phi, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which calculates `phi`-[percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile)

app/vmselect/vmui/index.html

@@ -37,10 +37,10 @@
   <meta property="og:title" content="UI for VictoriaMetrics">
   <meta property="og:url" content="https://victoriametrics.com/">
   <meta property="og:description" content="Explore and troubleshoot your VictoriaMetrics data">
-  <script type="module" crossorigin src="./assets/index-C1hTBemk.js"></script>
+  <script type="module" crossorigin src="./assets/index-DeVEZ1fy.js"></script>
   <link rel="modulepreload" crossorigin href="./assets/vendor-BR6Q0Fin.js">
   <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="./assets/vendor-D1GxaB_c.css">
-  <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="./assets/index-D7CzMv1O.css">
+  <link rel="stylesheet" crossorigin href="./assets/index-DffVfcrT.css">
 </head>
 <body>
 <noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript>

app/vmstorage/main.go

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ var (
 		"Excess series are logged and dropped. This can be useful for limiting series churn rate. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#cardinality-limiter . "+
 		"See also -storage.maxHourlySeries")
 
-	minFreeDiskSpaceBytes = flagutil.NewBytes("storage.minFreeDiskSpaceBytes", 10e6, "The minimum free disk space at -storageDataPath after which the storage stops accepting new data")
+	minFreeDiskSpaceBytes = flagutil.NewBytes("storage.minFreeDiskSpaceBytes", 100e6, "The minimum free disk space at -storageDataPath after which the storage stops accepting new data")
 
 	cacheSizeStorageTSID = flagutil.NewBytes("storage.cacheSizeStorageTSID", 0, "Overrides max size for storage/tsid cache. "+
 		"See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#cache-tuning")

app/vmui/Dockerfile-web

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-FROM golang:1.26.0 AS build-web-stage
+FROM golang:1.26.1 AS build-web-stage
 COPY build /build
 
 WORKDIR /build

app/vmui/packages/vmui/package-lock.json

@@ -1681,9 +1681,9 @@
       }
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi/-/rollup-android-arm-eabi-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-8c1vW4ocv3UOMp9K+gToY5zL2XiiVw3k7f1ksf4yO1FlDFQ1C2u72iACFnSOceJFsWskc2WZNqeRhFRPzv+wtQ==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi/-/rollup-android-arm-eabi-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-upnNBkA6ZH2VKGcBj9Fyl9IGNPULcjXRlg0LLeaioQWueH30p6IXtJEbKAgvyv+mJaMxSm1l6xwDXYjpEMiLMg==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm"
       ],
@@ -1694,9 +1694,9 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64/-/rollup-android-arm64-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-mQGfsIEFcu21mvqkEKKu2dYmtuSZOBMmAl5CFlPGLY94Vlcm+zWApK7F/eocsNzp8tKmbeBP8yXyAbx0XHsFNA==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-android-arm64/-/rollup-android-arm64-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-hZ+Zxj3SySm4A/DylsDKZAeVg0mvi++0PYVceVyX7hemkw7OreKdCvW2oQ3T1FMZvCaQXqOTHb8qmBShoqk69Q==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -1707,9 +1707,9 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64/-/rollup-darwin-arm64-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-takF3CR71mCAGA+v794QUZ0b6ZSrgJkArC+gUiG6LB6TQty9T0Mqh3m2ImRBOxS2IeYBo4lKWIieSvnEk2OQWA==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64/-/rollup-darwin-arm64-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-W2Psnbh1J8ZJw0xKAd8zdNgF9HRLkdWwwdWqubSVk0pUuQkoHnv7rx4GiF9rT4t5DIZGAsConRE3AxCdJ4m8rg==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -1720,9 +1720,9 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64/-/rollup-darwin-x64-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-W901Pla8Ya95WpxDn//VF9K9u2JbocwV/v75TE0YIHNTbhqUTv9w4VuQ9MaWlNOkkEfFwkdNhXgcLqPSmHy0fA==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64/-/rollup-darwin-x64-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ZW2KkwlS4lwTv7ZVsYDiARfFCnSGhzYPdiOU4IM2fDbL+QGlyAbjgSFuqNRbSthybLbIJ915UtZBtmuLrQAT/w==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -1733,9 +1733,9 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64/-/rollup-freebsd-arm64-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-QofO7i7JycsYOWxe0GFqhLmF6l1TqBswJMvICnRUjqCx8b47MTo46W8AoeQwiokAx3zVryVnxtBMcGcnX12LvA==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64/-/rollup-freebsd-arm64-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-EsKaJ5ytAu9jI3lonzn3BgG8iRBjV4LxZexygcQbpiU0wU0ATxhNVEpXKfUa0pS05gTcSDMKpn3Sx+QB9RlTTA==",
       "cpu": [
         "arm64"
       ],
@@ -1746,9 +1746,9 @@
       ]
     },
     "node_modules/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": {
-      "version": "4.52.5",
-      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64/-/rollup-freebsd-x64-4.52.5.tgz",
-      "integrity": "sha512-jr21b/99ew8ujZubPo9skbrItHEIE50WdV86cdSoRkKtmWa+DDr6fu2c/xyRT0F/WazZpam6kk7IHBerSL7LDQ==",
+      "version": "4.59.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64/-/rollup-freebsd-x64-4.59.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-d3DuZi2KzTMjImrxoHIAODUZYoUUMsuUiY4SRRcJy6NJoZ6iIqWnJu9IScV9jXysyGMVuW+KNzZvBLOcpdl3Vg==",
       "cpu": [
         "x64"
       ],
@@ -1759,9 +1759,9 @@
       ]
     },
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-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": "4.52.5",
-        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc": "4.52.5",
+        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm-eabi": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-android-arm64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-arm64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-darwin-x64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-arm64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-freebsd-x64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-gnueabihf": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm-musleabihf": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-arm64-musl": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-loong64-musl": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-ppc64-musl": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-riscv64-musl": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-s390x-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-linux-x64-musl": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-openbsd-x64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-openharmony-arm64": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-arm64-msvc": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-ia32-msvc": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-gnu": "4.59.0",
+        "@rollup/rollup-win32-x64-msvc": "4.59.0",
         "fsevents": "~2.3.2"
       }
     },

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/assets/MetricsQL.md

@@ -1227,7 +1227,10 @@ Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#ke
 #### buckets_limit
 
 `buckets_limit(limit, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which limits the number
-of [histogram buckets](https://valyala.medium.com/improving-histogram-usability-for-prometheus-and-grafana-bc7e5df0e350) to the given `limit`.
+of [histogram buckets](https://valyala.medium.com/improving-histogram-usability-for-prometheus-and-grafana-bc7e5df0e350) to the given `limit`. 
+
+The result will preserve the first and the last bucket to improve accuracy for min and max values. 
+So, if the `limit` is greater than 0 and less than 3, the function will still return 3 buckets: the first bucket, the last bucket, and a selected bucket.
 
 See also [prometheus_buckets](#prometheus_buckets) and [histogram_quantile](#histogram_quantile).
 
@@ -1381,6 +1384,15 @@ It can be used for calculating the average over the given time range across mult
 For example, `histogram_avg(sum(histogram_over_time(response_time_duration_seconds[5m])) by (vmrange,job))` would return the average response time
 per each `job` over the last 5 minutes.
 
+#### histogram_fraction
+
+`histogram_fraction(lowerLe, upperLe, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which calculates the share (in the range `[0...1]`) for `buckets` that fall between `lowerLe` and `upperLe`.
+The result of `histogram_fraction(lowerLe, upperLe, buckets)` is equivalent to `histogram_share(upperLe, buckets) - histogram_share(lowerLe, buckets)`.
+
+This function is supported by PromQL.
+
+See also [histogram_share](#histogram_share).
+
 #### histogram_quantile
 
 `histogram_quantile(phi, buckets)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which calculates `phi`-[percentile](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile)

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/components/ExploreMetrics/ExploreMetricGraph/ExploreMetricItemGraph.tsx

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ const ExploreMetricItem: FC<ExploreMetricItemGraphProps> = ({
 
     const base = `{${params.join(",")}}`;
     if (isBucket) {
-      return [`sum(rate(${base})) by (vmrange, le)`];
+      return [`sum(increase_pure(${base})) by (vmrange, le)`];
     }
     const queryBase = rateEnabled ? `rollup_rate(${base})` : `rollup(${base})`;
     return [`

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/components/Main/TextField/TextField.tsx

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ interface TextFieldProps {
   endIcon?: ReactNode
   startIcon?: ReactNode
   disabled?: boolean
+  readonly?: boolean
   autofocus?: boolean
   helperText?: string
   inputmode?: "search" | "text" | "email" | "tel" | "url" | "none" | "numeric" | "decimal"
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ const TextField: FC<TextFieldProps> = ({
   endIcon,
   startIcon,
   disabled = false,
+  readonly = false,
   autofocus = false,
   inputmode = "text",
   caretPosition,
@@ -148,6 +150,7 @@ const TextField: FC<TextFieldProps> = ({
         <textarea
           className={inputClasses}
           disabled={disabled}
+          readOnly={readonly}
           ref={textareaRef}
           value={value}
           rows={1}
@@ -166,6 +169,7 @@ const TextField: FC<TextFieldProps> = ({
         <input
           className={inputClasses}
           disabled={disabled}
+          readOnly={readonly}
           ref={inputRef}
           value={value}
           type={type}

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/pages/DownsamplingFilters/index.tsx

@@ -115,16 +115,20 @@ const DownsamplingFilters: FC = () => {
         </div>
         <div className="vm-downsampling-filters-body-top">
           <a
-            className="vm-link vm-link_with-icon"
             target="_blank"
             href="https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#downsampling"
             rel="help noreferrer"
           >
-            <WikiIcon/>
-            Documentation
+            <Button
+              variant="text"
+              color="gray"
+              startIcon={<WikiIcon/>}
+            >
+              Documentation
+            </Button>
           </a>
           <Button
-            variant="text"
+            variant="outlined"
             onClick={handleRunExample}
           >
             Try example
@@ -134,7 +138,7 @@ const DownsamplingFilters: FC = () => {
             onClick={handleApplyFilters}
             startIcon={<PlayIcon/>}
           >
-            Apply
+            Preview
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/pages/Relabel/index.tsx

@@ -90,25 +90,33 @@ const Relabel: FC = () => {
         </div>
         <div className="vm-relabeling-header-bottom">
           <a
-            className="vm-link vm-link_with-icon"
             target="_blank"
             href="https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/relabeling/"
             rel="help noreferrer"
           >
-            <InfoIcon/>
-            Relabeling cookbook
+            <Button
+              variant="text"
+              color="gray"
+              startIcon={<InfoIcon/>}
+            >
+              Relabeling cookbook
+            </Button>
           </a>
           <a
-            className="vm-link vm-link_with-icon"
             target="_blank"
             href="https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/relabeling/"
             rel="help noreferrer"
           >
-            <WikiIcon/>
-            Documentation
+            <Button
+              variant="text"
+              color="gray"
+              startIcon={<WikiIcon/>}
+            >
+              Documentation
+            </Button>
           </a>
           <Button
-            variant="text"
+            variant="outlined"
             onClick={handleRunExample}
           >
             Try example
@@ -118,7 +126,7 @@ const Relabel: FC = () => {
             onClick={handleRunQuery}
             startIcon={<PlayIcon/>}
           >
-            Submit
+            Preview
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/pages/Relabel/style.scss

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
       display: flex;
       align-items: center;
       justify-content: flex-end;
-      gap: $padding-global;
+      gap: $padding-small;
 
       a {
         color: $color-text-secondary;

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/pages/RetentionFilters/index.tsx

@@ -107,16 +107,20 @@ const RetentionFilters: FC = () => {
         </div>
         <div className="vm-retention-filters-body-top">
           <a
-            className="vm-link vm-link_with-icon"
             target="_blank"
             href="https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#retention-filters"
             rel="help noreferrer"
           >
-            <WikiIcon/>
-            Documentation
+            <Button
+              variant="text"
+              color="gray"
+              startIcon={<WikiIcon/>}
+            >
+              Documentation
+            </Button>
           </a>
           <Button
-            variant="text"
+            variant="outlined"
             onClick={handleRunExample}
           >
             Try example
@@ -126,7 +130,7 @@ const RetentionFilters: FC = () => {
             onClick={handleApplyFilters}
             startIcon={<PlayIcon/>}
           >
-            Apply
+            Preview
           </Button>
         </div>
       </div>

app/vmui/packages/vmui/src/pages/WithTemplate/index.tsx

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ const WithTemplate: FC = () => {
             type="textarea"
             label="MetricsQL query after expanding WITH expressions and applying other optimizations"
             value={data}
-            disabled
+            readonly
           />
         </div>
         <div className="vm-with-template-body-top">

app/vmui/packages/vmui/vite.config.ts

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ const getProxy = (): Record<string, ProxyOptions> | undefined => {
   };
 
   return {
-    "^/prometheus/(api|vmalert)/.*": { ...commonProxy },
+    "^/prometheus/.*": { ...commonProxy },
     "/prometheus/vmui/config.json": { ...commonProxy },
   };
 };

apptest/model.go

@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ type PrometheusQuerier interface {
 	// separate interface or rename this interface to allow for multiple querier
 	// types.
 	GraphiteMetricsIndex(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) GraphiteMetricsIndexResponse
+	GraphiteTagsTagSeries(t *testing.T, record string, opts QueryOpts)
+	GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t *testing.T, records []string, opts QueryOpts)
 }
 
 // Writer contains methods for writing new data

apptest/tests/graphite_test.go

@@ -60,3 +60,60 @@ func TestClusterMetricsIndex(t *testing.T) {
 
 	testMetricsIndex(tc.T(), sut)
 }
+
+// testTagSeries tests the registration of new time series in index.
+//
+// See https://graphite.readthedocs.io/en/stable/tags.html#adding-series-to-the-tagdb.
+func testTagSeries(tc *apptest.TestCase, sut apptest.PrometheusWriteQuerier, getStorageMetric func(string) int) {
+	t := tc.T()
+
+	assertNewTimeseriesCreatedTotal := func(want int) {
+		tc.Assert(&apptest.AssertOptions{
+			Msg: "unexpected vm_new_timeseries_created_total",
+			Got: func() any {
+				return getStorageMetric("vm_new_timeseries_created_total")
+			},
+			Want: want,
+		})
+	}
+
+	rec := "disk.used;rack=a1;datacenter=dc1;server=web01"
+	sut.GraphiteTagsTagSeries(t, rec, apptest.QueryOpts{})
+	assertNewTimeseriesCreatedTotal(0)
+
+	recs := []string{
+		"metric.yyy;t2=a;t1=b;t3=c",
+		"metric.zzz;t5=d;t4=e;t6=f",
+		"metric.xxx;t8=g;t7=h;t9=i",
+	}
+	sut.GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t, recs, apptest.QueryOpts{})
+	assertNewTimeseriesCreatedTotal(0)
+}
+
+func TestSingleTagSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := apptest.NewTestCase(t)
+	defer tc.Stop()
+
+	sut := tc.MustStartDefaultVmsingle()
+	getStorageMetric := func(name string) int {
+		return sut.GetIntMetric(t, name)
+	}
+
+	testTagSeries(tc, sut, getStorageMetric)
+}
+
+func TestClusterTagSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	tc := apptest.NewTestCase(t)
+	defer tc.Stop()
+
+	sut := tc.MustStartDefaultCluster()
+	getStorageMetric := func(name string) int {
+		var v int
+		for _, s := range sut.Vmstorages {
+			v += s.GetIntMetric(t, name)
+		}
+		return v
+	}
+
+	testTagSeries(tc, sut, getStorageMetric)
+}

apptest/tests/metricsql_test.go

@@ -32,6 +32,8 @@ func TestSingleInstantQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	testInstantQueryDoesNotReturnStaleNaNs(t, sut)
 
 	testQueryRangeWithAtModifier(t, sut)
+
+	testLabelValuesWithUTFNames(t, sut)
 }
 
 func TestClusterInstantQuery(t *testing.T) {
@@ -44,6 +46,8 @@ func TestClusterInstantQuery(t *testing.T) {
 	testInstantQueryDoesNotReturnStaleNaNs(t, sut)
 
 	testQueryRangeWithAtModifier(t, sut)
+
+	testLabelValuesWithUTFNames(t, sut)
 }
 
 func testInstantQueryWithUTFNames(t *testing.T, sut apptest.PrometheusWriteQuerier) {
@@ -236,3 +240,46 @@ func testQueryRangeWithAtModifier(t *testing.T, sut apptest.PrometheusWriteQueri
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %q", resp.Error)
 	}
 }
+
+// This test checks that label values are decoded from UTF-8 according to Prometheus spec.
+// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/10446
+// Spec: https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/api/#querying-label-values
+func testLabelValuesWithUTFNames(t *testing.T, sut apptest.PrometheusWriteQuerier) {
+
+	timestamp := millis("2025-01-01T00:00:00Z")
+	data := prompb.WriteRequest{
+		Timeseries: []prompb.TimeSeries{
+			{
+				Labels: []prompb.Label{
+					{Name: "__name__", Value: "labelvals"},
+					{Name: "kubernetes_something/special&' chars", Value: "漢©®€£"},
+					{Name: "3👋tfにちは", Value: "漢©®€£"},
+				},
+				Samples: []prompb.Sample{
+					{Value: 1, Timestamp: timestamp},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	sut.PrometheusAPIV1Write(t, data, apptest.QueryOpts{})
+	sut.ForceFlush(t)
+
+	cmpOptions := []cmp.Option{}
+
+	// encoded via prometheus model.EscapeName(string,model.ValueEncodingEscaping)
+	want := map[string][]string{
+		"__name__": {"labelvals"},
+		"U__kubernetes__something_2f_special_26__27__20_chars": {"漢©®€£"},
+		"U___33__1f44b_tf_306b__3061__306f_":                   {"漢©®€£"},
+	}
+	for labelName, expected := range want {
+		got := sut.PrometheusAPIV1LabelValues(t, labelName, `{__name__="labelvals"}`, apptest.QueryOpts{
+			Start: fmt.Sprintf("%d", timestamp),
+			End:   fmt.Sprintf("%d", timestamp),
+		})
+		if diff := cmp.Diff(expected, got.Data, cmpOptions...); diff != "" {
+			t.Errorf("unexpected response (-want, +got):\n%s", diff)
+		}
+	}
+}

apptest/tests/multitenant_test.go

@@ -171,6 +171,26 @@ func TestClusterMultiTenantSelect(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected response (-want, +got):\n%s", diff)
 	}
 
+	// /api/v1/label/../value with extra_filters
+
+	wantVR := apptest.NewPrometheusAPIV1LabelValuesResponse(t,
+		`{"data": [
+	       "5"
+	             ]
+	   }`)
+	wantSR.Sort()
+	gotVR := vmselect.PrometheusAPIV1LabelValues(t, "vm_account_id", "foo", apptest.QueryOpts{
+		Start:        "2022-05-10T08:00:00.000Z",
+		End:          "2022-05-10T08:30:00.000Z",
+		ExtraFilters: []string{`{vm_account_id="5"}`},
+		Tenant:       "multitenant",
+	})
+	gotSR.Sort()
+
+	if diff := cmp.Diff(wantVR, gotVR, cmpopts.IgnoreFields(apptest.PrometheusAPIV1LabelValuesResponse{}, "Status", "IsPartial")); diff != "" {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected response (-want, +got):\n%s", diff)
+	}
+
 	// Delete series from specific tenant
 	vmselect.APIV1AdminTSDBDeleteSeries(t, "foo_bar", apptest.QueryOpts{
 		Tenant: "5:15",

apptest/tests/per_day_index_test.go

@@ -61,8 +61,8 @@ func TestClusterSearchWithDisabledPerDayIndex(t *testing.T) {
 
 type startSUTFunc func(name string, disablePerDayIndex bool) apptest.PrometheusWriteQuerier
 
-// testDisablePerDayIndex_Search shows what search results to expect when data
-// is first inserted with per-day index enabled and then with per-day index
+// testSearchWithDisabledPerDayIndex shows what search results to expect when
+// data is first inserted with per-day index enabled and then with per-day index
 // disabled.
 //
 // The data inserted with enabled per-day index must be searchable with disabled
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ func testSearchWithDisabledPerDayIndex(tc *apptest.TestCase, start startSUTFunc)
 		})
 	}
 
-	// Start vmsingle with enabled per-day index, insert sample1, and confirm it
-	// is searchable.
+	// Start SUT with enabled per-day index, insert sample1, and confirm it is
+	// searchable.
 	sut := start("with-per-day-index", false)
 	sample1 := []string{"metric1 111 1704067200000"} // 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
 	sut.PrometheusAPIV1ImportPrometheus(t, sample1, apptest.QueryOpts{})
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ func testSearchWithDisabledPerDayIndex(tc *apptest.TestCase, start startSUTFunc)
 		},
 	})
 
-	// Restart vmsingle with disabled per-day index, insert sample2, and confirm
-	// that both sample1 and sample2 is searchable.
+	// Restart SUT with disabled per-day index, insert sample2, and confirm that
+	// both sample1 and sample2 is searchable.
 	tc.StopPrometheusWriteQuerier(sut)
 	sut = start("without-per-day-index", true)
 	sample2 := []string{"metric2 222 1704067200000"} // 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
@@ -156,8 +156,8 @@ func testSearchWithDisabledPerDayIndex(tc *apptest.TestCase, start startSUTFunc)
 		},
 	})
 
-	// Insert sample1 but for a different date, restart vmsingle with enabled
-	// per-day index and confirm that:
+	// Insert sample1 but for a different date, restart SUT with enabled per-day
+	// index and confirm that:
 	// - sample1 is searchable within the time range of Jan 1st
 	// - sample1 is not searchable within the time range of Jan 20th
 	// - sample1 is searchable within the time range of Jan 1st-20th (because

apptest/vminsert.go

@@ -298,13 +298,14 @@ func (app *Vminsert) String() string {
 func (app *Vminsert) sendBlocking(t *testing.T, numRecordsToSend int, send func()) {
 	t.Helper()
 
+	wantRowsSentCount := app.rpcRowsSentTotal(t) + numRecordsToSend
+
 	send()
 
 	const (
 		retries = 20
 		period  = 100 * time.Millisecond
 	)
-	wantRowsSentCount := app.rpcRowsSentTotal(t) + numRecordsToSend
 	for range retries {
 		d := app.rpcRowsSentTotal(t)
 		if d >= wantRowsSentCount {

apptest/vmselect.go

@@ -307,6 +307,37 @@ func (app *Vmselect) GraphiteMetricsIndex(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) Graphite
 	return index
 }
 
+// GraphiteTagsTagSeries is a test helper function that registers Graphite tags
+// for a single time series by sending a HTTP POST request to
+// /graphite/tags/tagSeries vmsingle endpoint.
+func (app *Vmselect) GraphiteTagsTagSeries(t *testing.T, record string, opts QueryOpts) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/select/%s/graphite/tags/tagSeries", app.httpListenAddr, opts.getTenant())
+	values := opts.asURLValues()
+	values.Add("path", record)
+
+	_, statusCode := app.cli.PostForm(t, url, values)
+	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func (app *Vmselect) GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t *testing.T, records []string, opts QueryOpts) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/select/%s/graphite/tags/tagMultiSeries", app.httpListenAddr, opts.getTenant())
+	values := opts.asURLValues()
+	for _, rec := range records {
+		values.Add("path", rec)
+	}
+
+	_, statusCode := app.cli.PostForm(t, url, values)
+	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
 // APIV1AdminTenants sends a query to a /admin/tenants endpoint
 func (app *Vmselect) APIV1AdminTenants(t *testing.T) *AdminTenantsResponse {
 	t.Helper()

apptest/vmsingle.go

@@ -414,6 +414,37 @@ func (app *Vmsingle) GraphiteMetricsIndex(t *testing.T, _ QueryOpts) GraphiteMet
 	return index
 }
 
+// GraphiteTagsTagSeries is a test helper function that registers Graphite tags
+// for a single time series by sending a HTTP POST request to
+// /graphite/tags/tagSeries vmsingle endpoint.
+func (app *Vmsingle) GraphiteTagsTagSeries(t *testing.T, record string, opts QueryOpts) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/graphite/tags/tagSeries", app.httpListenAddr)
+	values := opts.asURLValues()
+	values.Add("path", record)
+
+	_, statusCode := app.cli.PostForm(t, url, values)
+	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
+func (app *Vmsingle) GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t *testing.T, records []string, opts QueryOpts) {
+	t.Helper()
+
+	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/graphite/tags/tagMultiSeries", app.httpListenAddr)
+	values := opts.asURLValues()
+	for _, rec := range records {
+		values.Add("path", rec)
+	}
+
+	_, statusCode := app.cli.PostForm(t, url, values)
+	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
+	}
+}
+
 // APIV1StatusMetricNamesStats sends a query to a /api/v1/status/metric_names_stats endpoint
 // and returns the statistics response for given params.
 //

dashboards/alert-statistics.json

@@ -31,12 +31,6 @@
       "id": "table",
       "name": "Table",
       "version": ""
-    },
-    {
-      "type": "datasource",
-      "id": "victoriametrics-metrics-datasource",
-      "name": "VictoriaMetrics",
-      "version": "0.16.0"
     }
   ],
   "annotations": {
@@ -61,6 +55,7 @@
       }
     ]
   },
+  "description": "Overview of alerts state in time based on metrics generated by VictoriaMetrics vmalert.",
   "editable": true,
   "fiscalYearStartMonth": 0,
   "graphTooltip": 0,
@@ -179,7 +174,7 @@
           },
           "editorMode": "code",
           "exemplar": false,
-          "expr": "sort_desc(topk_max($topk, sum(vmalert_alerts_firing{group=~\"$group\"}) by (alertname)))",
+          "expr": "sort_desc(topk_max($topk, sum(vmalert_alerts_firing{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\",group=~\"$group\"}) by (alertname)))",
           "format": "time_series",
           "instant": false,
           "legendFormat": "__auto",
@@ -247,7 +242,7 @@
           },
           "editorMode": "code",
           "exemplar": false,
-          "expr": "count(count(vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{group=~\"$group\"}) by (group))",
+          "expr": "count(count(vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\",group=~\"$group\"}) by (group))",
           "interval": "",
           "legendFormat": "",
           "range": true,
@@ -314,7 +309,7 @@
           },
           "editorMode": "code",
           "exemplar": false,
-          "expr": "count(vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{group=~\"$group\"})",
+          "expr": "count(vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\",group=~\"$group\"})",
           "instant": false,
           "interval": "",
           "legendFormat": "",
@@ -403,7 +398,7 @@
           },
           "editorMode": "code",
           "exemplar": false,
-          "expr": "topk_max(100, sum(increases_over_time(vmalert_alerts_firing{group=~\"$group\"}[$__range])) by(group, alertname) > 0)",
+          "expr": "topk_max(100, sum(increases_over_time(vmalert_alerts_firing{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\",group=~\"$group\"}[$__range])) by(group, alertname) > 0)",
           "format": "table",
           "instant": true,
           "key": "Q-3934f0fb-8ad6-4519-a98d-c26d0fc6b312-0",
@@ -506,6 +501,24 @@
                 "value": 200
               }
             ]
+          },
+          {
+            "matcher": {
+              "id": "byName",
+              "options": "Alert"
+            },
+            "properties": [
+              {
+                "id": "links",
+                "value": [
+                  {
+                    "targetBlank": true,
+                    "title": "Alert",
+                    "url": "/alerting/${ds:text}/${__value.text}/find"
+                  }
+                ]
+              }
+            ]
           }
         ]
       },
@@ -538,7 +551,7 @@
           },
           "editorMode": "code",
           "exemplar": false,
-          "expr": "topk_max($topk, sum(increases_over_time(vmalert_alerts_firing{group=~\"$group\"}[$__range])) by (group, alertname) > 0)",
+          "expr": "topk_max($topk, sum(increases_over_time(vmalert_alerts_firing{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\",group=~\"$group\"}[$__range])) by (group, alertname) > 0)",
           "format": "table",
           "instant": true,
           "key": "Q-3934f0fb-8ad6-4519-a98d-c26d0fc6b312-0",
@@ -590,6 +603,46 @@
         "regex": "",
         "type": "datasource"
       },
+      {
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {},
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "${ds}"
+        },
+        "definition": "label_values(vm_app_version{version=~\"^vmalert.*\"},job)",
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "multi": true,
+        "name": "job",
+        "options": [],
+        "query": {
+          "query": "label_values(vm_app_version{version=~\"^vmalert.*\"},job)",
+          "refId": "StandardVariableQuery"
+        },
+        "refresh": 1,
+        "regex": "",
+        "type": "query"
+      },
+      {
+        "allValue": ".*",
+        "current": {},
+        "datasource": {
+          "type": "prometheus",
+          "uid": "${ds}"
+        },
+        "definition": "label_values(vm_app_version{job=~\"$job\"},instance)",
+        "includeAll": true,
+        "multi": true,
+        "name": "instance",
+        "options": [],
+        "query": {
+          "query": "label_values(vm_app_version{job=~\"$job\"},instance)",
+          "refId": "StandardVariableQuery"
+        },
+        "refresh": 1,
+        "regex": "",
+        "type": "query"
+      },
       {
         "allValue": ".*",
         "current": {},
@@ -659,4 +712,4 @@
   "uid": "ehXxUsGSk",
   "version": 1,
   "weekStart": ""
-}
+}

dashboards/operator.json

@@ -91,8 +91,26 @@
       "type": "row"
     },
     {
+      "datasource": {
+        "type": "prometheus",
+        "uid": "$ds"
+      },
       "fieldConfig": {
-        "defaults": {},
+        "defaults": {
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "thresholds"
+          },
+          "mappings": [],
+          "thresholds": {
+            "mode": "absolute",
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 0
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
         "overrides": []
       },
       "gridPos": {
@@ -103,17 +121,42 @@
       },
       "id": 24,
       "options": {
-        "code": {
-          "language": "plaintext",
-          "showLineNumbers": false,
-          "showMiniMap": false
+        "colorMode": "value",
+        "graphMode": "none",
+        "justifyMode": "auto",
+        "orientation": "auto",
+        "percentChangeColorMode": "standard",
+        "reduceOptions": {
+          "calcs": [
+            "lastNotNull"
+          ],
+          "fields": "/^short_version$/",
+          "values": false
         },
-        "content": "<div style=\"text-align: center;\">$version</div>",
-        "mode": "markdown"
+        "showPercentChange": false,
+        "textMode": "value",
+        "wideLayout": true
       },
       "pluginVersion": "12.3.0",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "prometheus",
+            "uid": "$ds"
+          },
+          "editorMode": "code",
+          "exemplar": false,
+          "expr": "vm_app_version{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\"}",
+          "format": "table",
+          "instant": true,
+          "interval": "",
+          "legendFormat": "{{short_version}}",
+          "range": false,
+          "refId": "A"
+        }
+      ],
       "title": "Version",
-      "type": "text"
+      "type": "stat"
     },
     {
       "datasource": {

dashboards/victoriametrics-cluster.json

@@ -1521,7 +1521,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=203&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=203&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1650,12 +1650,12 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - RSS memory usage",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=189&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=189&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 },
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - Memory usage breakdown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=225&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=225&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1770,7 +1770,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1888,7 +1888,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5077,7 +5077,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=224&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=224&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5129,7 +5129,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "__auto",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"
@@ -6107,7 +6107,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6257,7 +6257,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6908,7 +6908,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=200&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=200&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -7178,7 +7178,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=201&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=201&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -8042,7 +8042,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -8186,7 +8186,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -9375,7 +9375,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -9519,7 +9519,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -11153,7 +11153,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "{{instance}} ({{job}})",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"

dashboards/victoriametrics.json

@@ -1521,7 +1521,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=154&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=154&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1644,12 +1644,12 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - RSS memory usage",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=148&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=148&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 },
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - Memory usage breakdown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=141&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=141&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1764,7 +1764,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=151&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=151&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1882,7 +1882,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=149&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=149&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5122,7 +5122,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=140&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=140&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5174,7 +5174,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "__auto",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"
@@ -5356,7 +5356,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=150&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=150&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5973,7 +5973,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=153&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=153&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6237,7 +6237,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=152&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=152&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -7667,7 +7667,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "{{instance}} ({{job}})",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"

dashboards/vm/operator.json

@@ -92,29 +92,72 @@
       "type": "row"
     },
     {
+      "datasource": {
+        "type": "victoriametrics-metrics-datasource",
+        "uid": "$ds"
+      },
       "fieldConfig": {
-        "defaults": {},
+        "defaults": {
+          "color": {
+            "mode": "thresholds"
+          },
+          "mappings": [],
+          "thresholds": {
+            "mode": "absolute",
+            "steps": [
+              {
+                "color": "green",
+                "value": 0
+              }
+            ]
+          }
+        },
         "overrides": []
       },
       "gridPos": {
-        "h": 3,
+        "h": 4,
         "w": 4,
         "x": 0,
         "y": 1
       },
       "id": 24,
       "options": {
-        "code": {
-          "language": "plaintext",
-          "showLineNumbers": false,
-          "showMiniMap": false
+        "colorMode": "value",
+        "graphMode": "none",
+        "justifyMode": "auto",
+        "orientation": "auto",
+        "percentChangeColorMode": "standard",
+        "reduceOptions": {
+          "calcs": [
+            "lastNotNull"
+          ],
+          "fields": "/^short_version$/",
+          "values": false
         },
-        "content": "<div style=\"text-align: center;\">$version</div>",
-        "mode": "markdown"
+        "showPercentChange": false,
+        "textMode": "value",
+        "wideLayout": true
       },
       "pluginVersion": "12.3.0",
+      "targets": [
+        {
+          "datasource": {
+            "type": "victoriametrics-metrics-datasource",
+            "uid": "$ds"
+          },
+          "editorMode": "code",
+          "exemplar": false,
+          "expr": "vm_app_version{job=~\"$job\",instance=~\"$instance\"}",
+          "format": "table",
+          "instant": true,
+          "interval": "",
+          "legendFormat": "{{short_version}}",
+          "range": false,
+          "refId": "A"
+        }
+      ],
       "title": "Version",
-      "type": "text"
+      "type": "stat"
     },
     {
       "datasource": {

dashboards/vm/victoriametrics-cluster.json

@@ -1522,7 +1522,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=203&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=203&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1651,12 +1651,12 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - RSS memory usage",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=189&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=189&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 },
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - Memory usage breakdown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=225&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=225&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1771,7 +1771,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1889,7 +1889,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5078,7 +5078,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=224&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=224&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5130,7 +5130,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "__auto",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"
@@ -6108,7 +6108,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6258,7 +6258,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_storage&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6909,7 +6909,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=200&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=200&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -7179,7 +7179,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=201&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=201&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -8043,7 +8043,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -8187,7 +8187,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_select&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -9376,7 +9376,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=192&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -9520,7 +9520,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/oS7Bi_0Wz_vm?viewPanel=190&var-job=$job_insert&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -11154,7 +11154,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "{{instance}} ({{job}})",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"

dashboards/vm/victoriametrics.json

@@ -1522,7 +1522,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=154&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=154&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1645,12 +1645,12 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - RSS memory usage",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=148&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=148&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 },
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown - Memory usage breakdown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=141&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=141&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1765,7 +1765,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=151&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=151&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1883,7 +1883,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=149&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=149&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5123,7 +5123,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=140&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=140&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5175,7 +5175,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "__auto",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"
@@ -5357,7 +5357,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=150&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=150&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -5974,7 +5974,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=153&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=153&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -6238,7 +6238,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=152&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/wNf0q_kZk_vm?viewPanel=152&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -7668,7 +7668,7 @@
                 "uid": "${ds}"
               },
               "editorMode": "code",
-              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance)",
+              "expr": "sum(rate(process_major_pagefaults_total{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}[$__rate_interval])) by (job,instance) > 0",
               "legendFormat": "{{instance}} ({{job}})",
               "range": true,
               "refId": "A"

dashboards/vm/vmagent.json

@@ -964,7 +964,7 @@
           "links": [
             {
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=123&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=123&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1231,7 +1231,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=162&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=162&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1743,7 +1743,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=117&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=117&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1858,7 +1858,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=119&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=119&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -2332,7 +2332,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=121&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz_vm?viewPanel=121&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],

dashboards/vm/vmauth.json

@@ -1612,7 +1612,7 @@
                 "type": "victoriametrics-metrics-datasource",
                 "uid": "$ds"
               },
-              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_sys_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}) + sum(vm_cache_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
+              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_sys_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
               "format": "time_series",
               "hide": false,
               "intervalFactor": 1,
@@ -1624,7 +1624,7 @@
                 "type": "victoriametrics-metrics-datasource",
                 "uid": "$ds"
               },
-              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_heap_inuse_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}) + sum(vm_cache_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
+              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_heap_inuse_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
               "format": "time_series",
               "hide": false,
               "intervalFactor": 1,

dashboards/vmagent.json

@@ -963,7 +963,7 @@
           "links": [
             {
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=123&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=123&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@
             {
               "targetBlank": true,
               "title": "Drilldown",
-              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=162&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+              "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=162&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
             }
           ],
           "mappings": [],
@@ -1742,7 +1742,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=117&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=117&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -1857,7 +1857,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=119&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=119&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],
@@ -2331,7 +2331,7 @@
                 {
                   "targetBlank": true,
                   "title": "Drilldown",
-                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=121&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&var-instance=$instance&${__url_time_range}"
+                  "url": "/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=121&var-job=${__field.labels.job}&var-ds=$ds&${__url_time_range}"
                 }
               ],
               "mappings": [],

dashboards/vmauth.json

@@ -1611,7 +1611,7 @@
                 "type": "prometheus",
                 "uid": "$ds"
               },
-              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_sys_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}) + sum(vm_cache_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
+              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_sys_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
               "format": "time_series",
               "hide": false,
               "intervalFactor": 1,
@@ -1623,7 +1623,7 @@
                 "type": "prometheus",
                 "uid": "$ds"
               },
-              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_heap_inuse_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"}) + sum(vm_cache_size_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
+              "expr": "sum(go_memstats_heap_inuse_bytes{job=~\"$job\", instance=~\"$instance\"})",
               "format": "time_series",
               "hide": false,
               "intervalFactor": 1,

deployment/docker/Makefile

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ ROOT_IMAGE ?= alpine:3.23.3
 ROOT_IMAGE_SCRATCH ?= scratch
 CERTS_IMAGE := alpine:3.23.3
 
-GO_BUILDER_IMAGE := golang:1.26.0
+GO_BUILDER_IMAGE := golang:1.26.1
 
 BUILDER_IMAGE := local/builder:2.0.0-$(shell echo $(GO_BUILDER_IMAGE) | tr :/ __)-1
 BASE_IMAGE := local/base:1.1.4-$(shell echo $(ROOT_IMAGE) | tr :/ __)-$(shell echo $(CERTS_IMAGE) | tr :/ __)
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ publish-via-docker:
 		) \
 		-o type=image \
 		--provenance=false \
+		--sbom=true \
 		-f app/$(APP_NAME)/multiarch/Dockerfile \
 		--push \
 		bin
@@ -120,6 +121,7 @@ publish-via-docker:
 		) \
 		-o type=image \
 		--provenance=false \
+		--sbom=true \
 		-f app/$(APP_NAME)/multiarch/Dockerfile \
 		--push \
 		bin

deployment/docker/compose-vm-cluster.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ services:
   #  It scrapes targets defined in --promscrape.config
   #  And forward them to --remoteWrite.url
   vmagent:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "vmauth"
     ports:
@@ -33,18 +33,19 @@ services:
       - ./../../dashboards/vmagent.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vmagent.json
       - ./../../dashboards/vmalert.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vmalert.json
       - ./../../dashboards/vmauth.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vmauth.json
+      - ./../../dashboards/alert-statistics.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/alert-statistics.json
 
   # vmstorage shards. Each shard receives 1/N of all metrics sent to vminserts,
   # where N is number of vmstorages (2 in this case).
   vmstorage-1:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmstorage:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vmstorage:v1.137.0-cluster
     volumes:
       - strgdata-1:/storage
     command:
       - "--storageDataPath=/storage"
     restart: always
   vmstorage-2:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmstorage:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vmstorage:v1.137.0-cluster
     volumes:
       - strgdata-2:/storage
     command:
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ services:
   # vminsert is ingestion frontend. It receives metrics pushed by vmagent,
   # pre-process them and distributes across configured vmstorage shards.
   vminsert-1:
-    image: victoriametrics/vminsert:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vminsert:v1.137.0-cluster
     depends_on:
       - "vmstorage-1"
       - "vmstorage-2"
@@ -63,7 +64,7 @@ services:
       - "--storageNode=vmstorage-2:8400"
     restart: always
   vminsert-2:
-    image: victoriametrics/vminsert:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vminsert:v1.137.0-cluster
     depends_on:
       - "vmstorage-1"
       - "vmstorage-2"
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ services:
   # vmselect is a query fronted. It serves read queries in MetricsQL or PromQL.
   # vmselect collects results from configured `--storageNode` shards.
   vmselect-1:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmselect:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vmselect:v1.137.0-cluster
     depends_on:
       - "vmstorage-1"
       - "vmstorage-2"
@@ -85,7 +86,7 @@ services:
       - "--vmalert.proxyURL=http://vmalert:8880"
     restart: always
   vmselect-2:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmselect:v1.136.0-cluster
+    image: victoriametrics/vmselect:v1.137.0-cluster
     depends_on:
       - "vmstorage-1"
       - "vmstorage-2"
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ services:
   # read requests from Grafana, vmui, vmalert among vmselects.
   # It can be used as an authentication proxy.
   vmauth:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmauth:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmauth:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "vmselect-1"
       - "vmselect-2"
@@ -114,7 +115,7 @@ services:
 
   # vmalert executes alerting and recording rules
   vmalert:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "vmauth"
     ports:

deployment/docker/compose-vm-single.yml

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ services:
   #  It scrapes targets defined in --promscrape.config
   #  And forward them to --remoteWrite.url
   vmagent:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ services:
   # VictoriaMetrics instance, a single process responsible for
   # storing metrics and serve read requests.
   victoriametrics:
-    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.137.0
     ports:
       - 8428:8428
       - 8089:8089
@@ -50,11 +50,12 @@ services:
       - ./../../dashboards/victoriametrics.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vm.json
       - ./../../dashboards/vmagent.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vmagent.json
       - ./../../dashboards/vmalert.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/vmalert.json
+      - ./../../dashboards/alert-statistics.json:/var/lib/grafana/dashboards/alert-statistics.json
     restart: always
 
   # vmalert executes alerting and recording rules
   vmalert:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
       - "alertmanager"

deployment/docker/rules/alerts-cluster.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} will run out of disk space in 3 days"
           description: "Taking into account current ingestion rate, free disk space will be enough only
               for {{ $value | humanizeDuration }} on instance {{ $labels.instance }}.\n
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} will become read-only in 3 days"
           description: "Taking into account current ingestion rate, free disk space and -storage.minFreeDiskSpaceBytes
               instance {{ $labels.instance }} will remain writable for {{ $value | humanizeDuration }}.\n
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=20&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} (job={{ $labels.job }}) will run out of disk space soon"
           description: "Disk utilisation on instance {{ $labels.instance }} is more than 80%.\n
             Having less than 20% of free disk space could cripple merges processes and overall performance.
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ groups:
           severity: warning
           show_at: dashboard
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=52&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=52&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too many errors served for {{ $labels.job }} path {{ $labels.path }} (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
           description: "Requests to path {{ $labels.path }} are receiving errors.
             Please verify if clients are sending correct requests."
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ groups:
           severity: warning
           show_at: dashboard
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=44&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=44&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too many RPC errors for {{ $labels.job }} (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
           description: "RPC errors are interconnection errors between cluster components.\n
             Possible reasons for errors are misconfiguration, overload, network blips or unreachable components."
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=102"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=102"
           summary: "Churn rate is more than 10% for the last 15m"
           description: "VM constantly creates new time series.\n
             This effect is known as Churn Rate.\n
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=102"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=102"
           summary: "Too high number of new series created over last 24h"
           description: "The number of created new time series over last 24h is 3x times higher than
             current number of active series.\n
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=108"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=108"
           summary: "Percentage of slow inserts is more than 5% for the last 15m"
           description: "High rate of slow inserts may be a sign of resource exhaustion
             for the current load. It is likely more RAM is needed for optimal handling of the current number of active time series.
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ groups:
           severity: warning
           show_at: dashboard
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=139&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=139&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Connection between vminsert on {{ $labels.instance }} and vmstorage on {{ $labels.addr }} is saturated"
           description: "The connection between vminsert (instance {{ $labels.instance }}) and vmstorage (instance {{ $labels.addr }})
             is saturated by more than 90% and vminsert won't be able to keep up.\n

deployment/docker/rules/alerts-vmagent.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=49&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=49&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} is dropping data from persistent queue"
           description: "Vmagent dropped {{ $value | humanize1024 }} from persistent queue
               on instance {{ $labels.instance }} for the last 10m."
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=79&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=79&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Vmagent is dropping data blocks that are rejected by remote storage"
           description: "Job \"{{ $labels.job }}\" on instance {{ $labels.instance }} drops the rejected by 
             remote-write server data blocks. Check the logs to find the reason for rejects."
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=31&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=31&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Vmagent fails to scrape one or more targets"
           description: "Job \"{{ $labels.job }}\" on instance {{ $labels.instance }} fails to scrape targets for last 15m"
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=77&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=77&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Vmagent responds with too many errors on data ingestion protocols"
           description: "Job \"{{ $labels.job }}\" on instance {{ $labels.instance }} responds with errors to write requests for last 15m."
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=61&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=61&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Job \"{{ $labels.job }}\" on instance {{ $labels.instance }} fails to push to remote storage"
           description: "Vmagent fails to push data via remote write protocol to destination \"{{ $labels.url }}\"\n
             Ensure that destination is up and reachable."
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=84&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=84&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Remote write connection from \"{{ $labels.job }}\" (instance {{ $labels.instance }}) to {{ $labels.url }} is saturated"
           description: "The remote write connection between vmagent \"{{ $labels.job }}\" (instance {{ $labels.instance }}) and destination \"{{ $labels.url }}\"
             is saturated by more than 90% and vmagent won't be able to keep up.\n
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=98&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=98&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Persistent queue writes for instance {{ $labels.instance }} are saturated"
           description: "Persistent queue writes for vmagent \"{{ $labels.job }}\" (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
             are saturated by more than 90% and vmagent won't be able to keep up with flushing data on disk. 
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=99&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=99&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Persistent queue reads for instance {{ $labels.instance }} are saturated"
           description: "Persistent queue reads for vmagent \"{{ $labels.job }}\" (instance {{ $labels.instance }})
             are saturated by more than 90% and vmagent won't be able to keep up with reading data from the disk. 
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=88&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=88&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} reached 90% of the limit"
           description: "Max series limit set via -remoteWrite.maxHourlySeries flag is close to reaching the max value. 
             Then samples for new time series will be dropped instead of sending them to remote storage systems."
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=90&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/G7Z9GzMGz?viewPanel=90&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} reached 90% of the limit"
           description: "Max series limit set via -remoteWrite.maxDailySeries flag is close to reaching the max value. 
             Then samples for new time series will be dropped instead of sending them to remote storage systems."

deployment/docker/rules/alerts-vmalert.yml

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=13&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=13&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
           summary: "Alerting rules are failing for vmalert instance {{ $labels.instance }}"
           description: "Alerting rules execution is failing for \"{{ $labels.alertname }}\" from group \"{{ $labels.group }}\" in file \"{{ $labels.file }}\".
             Check vmalert's logs for detailed error message."
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=30&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=30&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
           summary: "Recording rules are failing for vmalert instance {{ $labels.instance }}"
           description: "Recording rules execution is failing for \"{{ $labels.recording }}\" from group \"{{ $labels.group }}\" in file \"{{ $labels.file }}\".
             Check vmalert's logs for detailed error message."
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: info
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=33&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/LzldHAVnz?viewPanel=33&var-file={{ $labels.file }}&var-group={{ $labels.group }}"
           summary: "Recording rule {{ $labels.recording }} ({{ $labels.group }}) produces no data"
           description: "Recording rule \"{{ $labels.recording }}\" from group \"{{ $labels.group }}\ in file \"{{ $labels.file }}\" 
             produces 0 samples over the last 30min. It might be caused by a misconfiguration 

deployment/docker/rules/alerts-vmauth.yml

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "vmauth ({{ $labels.instance }}) reached concurrent requests limit"
           description: "Possible solutions: increase -maxQueueDuration flag value, increase -maxConcurrentRequests flag value,
           deploy additional vmauth replicas, check requests latency at backend service. 
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "vmauth ({{ $labels.instance }}) has reached concurrent requests limit for username {{ $labels.username }}"
           description: "Possible solutions: increase -maxQueueDuration flag value, increase -maxConcurrentPerUserRequests flag value,
           deploy additional vmauth replicas, check requests latency at backend service."
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=10&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "vmauth ({{ $labels.instance }}) has reached concurrent requests limit for unauthorized user"
           description: "Possible solutions: increase -maxQueueDuration flag value, increase -maxConcurrentPerUserRequests flag value,
           deploy additional vmauth replicas, check requests latency at backend service."
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=37&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=37&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too many errors served for unauthorized user (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
           description: "Requests from unauthorized user are receiving errors.
             Please check the vmauth logs to verify that the configuration is correct and clients are sending valid requests."
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=37&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/nbuo5Mr4k?viewPanel=37&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too many errors served for user {{ $labels.username }} (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
           description: "Requests from user {{ $labels.username }} are receiving errors.
             Please check the vmauth logs to verify that the configuration is correct and clients are sending valid requests."

deployment/docker/rules/alerts.yml

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} will run out of disk space soon"
           description: "Taking into account current ingestion rate, free disk space will be enough only
             for {{ $value | humanizeDuration }} on instance {{ $labels.instance }}.\n
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/oS7Bi_0Wz?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} will become read-only in 3 days"
           description: "Taking into account current ingestion rate and free disk space
               instance {{ $labels.instance }} is writable for {{ $value | humanizeDuration }}.\n
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: critical
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=53&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} (job={{ $labels.job }}) will run out of disk space soon"
           description: "Disk utilisation on instance {{ $labels.instance }} is more than 80%.\n
             Having less than 20% of free disk space could cripple merge processes and overall performance.
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=35&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=35&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too many errors served for path {{ $labels.path }} (instance {{ $labels.instance }})"
           description: "Requests to path {{ $labels.path }} are receiving errors.
             Please verify if clients are sending correct requests."
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=66&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=66&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Churn rate is more than 10% on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\" for the last 15m"
           description: "VM constantly creates new time series on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\".\n
             This effect is known as Churn Rate.\n
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=66&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=66&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Too high number of new series on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\" created over last 24h"
           description: "The number of created new time series over last 24h is 3x times higher than
             current number of active series on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\".\n
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ groups:
         labels:
           severity: warning
         annotations:
-          dashboard: "http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=68&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
+          dashboard: "{{ $externalURL }}/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=68&var-instance={{ $labels.instance }}"
           summary: "Percentage of slow inserts is more than 5% on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\" for the last 15m"
           description: "High rate of slow inserts on \"{{ $labels.instance }}\" may be a sign of resource exhaustion
             for the current load. It is likely more RAM is needed for optimal handling of the current number of active time series.

deployment/docker/vmanomaly/vmanomaly-integration/compose.yml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 services:
   vmagent:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ services:
     restart: always
 
   victoriametrics:
-    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.137.0
     ports:
       - 8428:8428
     volumes:
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ services:
     restart: always
 
   vmalert:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ services:
       - '--external.alert.source=explore?orgId=1&left=["now-1h","now","VictoriaMetrics",{"expr": },{"mode":"Metrics"},{"ui":[true,true,true,"none"]}]'
     restart: always
   vmanomaly:
-    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7
+    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:

docs/anomaly-detection/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -14,6 +14,21 @@ aliases:
 ---
 Please find the changelog for VictoriaMetrics Anomaly Detection below.
 
+## v1.29.0
+Released: 2026-03-05
+
+- UI: Updated [vmanomaly UI](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/) from [v1.4.3](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#v143) to [v1.5.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#v150), see respective [release notes](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#v150) for details. Notable changes include [AI assistance](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#ai-assistance) support capable of applying model configuration changes, generating VMAlert rules, and providing general guidance on using the product.
+
+- IMPROVEMENT: Optimized internal data structures for readers when `query_from_last_seen_timestamp` [parameter](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/reader/#config-parameters) is enabled, resulting in reduced memory usage and improved performance for large datasets.
+
+- IMPROVEMENT: Hardened [hot reload](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/#hot-reload) with staged snapshot apply and automatic rollback. Reload now validates once and applies the same snapshot, preventing re-read race conditions and avoiding same-port conflicts during restart; failures keep previous runtime and are reflected in [startup metrics](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/monitoring/#startup-metrics).
+
+- BUGFIX: Config file read/parse failures are now non-fatal in [hot reload](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/#hot-reload) mode (service keeps running), while initial startup remains fatal for invalid/broken config files.
+
+- BUGFIX: Fixed missing datapoints in [BacktestingScheduler](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/scheduler/#backtesting-scheduler) windows used in [exact mode](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/scheduler/#defining-inference-timeframe-1), leading to "gaps" in plotted predictions and scores.
+
+- BUGFIX: Fixed a model state update issue in [BacktestingScheduler exact mode](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/scheduler/#defining-inference-timeframe-1) when parallelization (`settings.n_workers > 1`) was enabled, causing [online models](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#online-models) to produce stale/flat `yhat`, `yhat_lower`, and `yhat_upper` lines.
+
 ## v1.28.7
 Released: 2026-02-09
 
@@ -43,7 +58,7 @@ Released: 2026-01-12
 ## v1.28.3
 Released: 2025-12-17
 
-- IMPROVEMENT: Aligned service endpoints for `vmanomaly` [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly) integration.
+- IMPROVEMENT: Aligned service endpoints for `vmanomaly` [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly) integration.
 
 ## v1.28.2
 Released: 2025-12-11

docs/anomaly-detection/FAQ.md

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ For information on migrating between different versions of `vmanomaly`, please r
 
 ## Choosing the right model for vmanomaly
 
-> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Try our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on selecting the best model and its configuration for your use case. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details.
+> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Try our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on selecting the best model and its configuration for your use case. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details.
 
 Selecting the best model for `vmanomaly` depends on the data's nature and the [types of anomalies](https://victoriametrics.com/blog/victoriametrics-anomaly-detection-handbook-chapter-2/#categories-of-anomalies) to detect. For instance, [Z-score](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#online-z-score) is suitable for data without trends or seasonality, while more complex patterns might require models like [Prophet](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#prophet).
 
@@ -151,7 +151,8 @@ Still not 100% sure what to use? We are [here to help](https://docs.victoriametr
 
 ## Incorporating domain knowledge
 
-> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Try our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on incorporating domain knowledge into your anomaly detection models. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details.
+> [!TIP]
+> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Try our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on incorporating domain knowledge into your anomaly detection models. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details. {{% available_from "v1.29.0" anomaly %}} Connect MCP server to the [vmanomaly UI](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/) to benefit from better response quality and tool access in the UI Copilot, which provides AI-assisted configuration generation and debugging capabilities. See the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#ai-assistance) for instructions on how to set it up.
 
 Anomaly detection models can significantly improve when incorporating business-specific assumptions about the data and what constitutes an anomaly. `vmanomaly` supports various [business-side configuration parameters](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#common-args) across all built-in models to **reduce [false positives](https://victoriametrics.com/blog/victoriametrics-anomaly-detection-handbook-chapter-1/#false-positive)** and **align model behavior with business needs**, for example:
 
@@ -236,7 +237,7 @@ groups:
 
 > {{% available_from "v1.27.0" anomaly %}} You can also use the [vmanomaly UI](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/) to generate alerting rules automatically based on your model configurations and selected thresholds.
 
-> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Check out our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on setting up alerting rules based on produced anomaly scores. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details.
+> {{% available_from "v1.28.3" anomaly %}} Check out our [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly) to get AI-assisted recommendations on setting up alerting rules based on produced anomaly scores. See [installation guide](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly#installation) for more details.
 
 ## Preventing alert fatigue
 Produced anomaly scores are designed in such a way that values from 0.0 to 1.0 indicate non-anomalous data, while a value greater than 1.0 is generally classified as an anomaly. However, there are no perfect models for anomaly detection, that's why reasonable defaults expressions like `anomaly_score > 1` may not work 100% of the time. However, anomaly scores, produced by `vmanomaly` are written back as metrics to VictoriaMetrics, where tools like [`vmalert`](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmalert/) can use [MetricsQL](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/metricsql/) expressions to fine-tune alerting thresholds and conditions, balancing between avoiding [false negatives](https://victoriametrics.com/blog/victoriametrics-anomaly-detection-handbook-chapter-1/#false-negative) and reducing [false positives](https://victoriametrics.com/blog/victoriametrics-anomaly-detection-handbook-chapter-1/#false-positive).
@@ -419,7 +420,7 @@ services:
   # ...
   vmanomaly:
     container_name: vmanomaly
-    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7
+    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
     # ...
     restart: always
     volumes:
@@ -637,7 +638,7 @@ options:
 Here’s an example of using the config splitter to divide configurations based on the `extra_filters` argument from the reader section:
 
 ```sh
-docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.6 && docker image tag victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7 vmanomaly
+docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 && docker image tag victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 vmanomaly
 ```
 
 ```sh

docs/anomaly-detection/Migration.md

@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ There are 2 types of compatibilitity to consider when migrating in stateful mode
 
 | Group start | Group end | Compatibility | Notes |
 |---------|--------- |------------|-------|
-| [v1.28.7](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1287) | Latest* | Fully Compatible | Just a placeholder for new releases |
-| [v1.26.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1262) | [v1.28.7](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1287) | Fully Compatible | [v1.28.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1280) introduced [rolling](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#rolling-models) model class drop in favor of [online](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#online-models) models (`rolling_quantile` and `std` models), however, it does not impact compatibility, as artifacts were not produced by default for rolling models. Also, offline `mad` and `zscore` models are redirecting to their respective online counterparts since [v1.28.4](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1284). |
+| [v1.29.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1290) | Latest* | Fully Compatible | Just a placeholder for new releases |
+| [v1.26.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1262) | [v1.29.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1290) | Fully Compatible | [v1.28.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1280) introduced [rolling](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#rolling-models) model class drop in favor of [online](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#online-models) models (`rolling_quantile` and `std` models), however, it does not impact compatibility, as artifacts were not produced by default for rolling models. Also, offline `mad` and `zscore` models are redirecting to their respective online counterparts since [v1.28.4](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1284). |
 | [v1.25.3](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1253) | [v1.26.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1270) | Partially Compatible* | [v1.25.3](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1253) introduced `forecast_at` argument for base [univariate](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#univariate-models) and `Prophet` [models](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#prophet), however, itself remains backward-reversible from newer states like [v1.26.2](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1262), [v1.27.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1270). (All models except `isolation_forest_multivariate` class will be dropped) |
 | [v1.25.1](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1251) | [v1.25.2](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1252) | Fully Compatible | In [v1.25.1](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1251) there was a change to `vmanomaly.db` metadata database format, so migrating from v1.24.0-v1.25.0 requires deletion of a state, see note above the table |
 | [v1.24.1](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1241) | [v1.25.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1250) | Partially Compatible* | In [v1.25.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1250) there were changes to **data dump layout** and to `online_quantile` and `isolation_forest_multivariate` [model](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/) states, so to migrate from v1.24.0-v1.24.1 it is recommended to drop the state |

docs/anomaly-detection/QuickStart.md

@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ Below are the steps to get `vmanomaly` up and running inside a Docker container:
 1. Pull Docker image:
 
 ```sh
-docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7
+docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
 ```
 
 2. Create the license file with your license key.
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ docker run -it \
     -v ./license:/license \
     -v ./config.yaml:/config.yaml \
     -p 8490:8490 \
-    victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7 \
+    victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 \
     /config.yaml \
     --licenseFile=/license \
     --loggerLevel=INFO \
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ docker run -it \
     -e VMANOMALY_DATA_DUMPS_DIR=/tmp/vmanomaly/data \
     -e VMANOMALY_MODEL_DUMPS_DIR=/tmp/vmanomaly/models \
     -p 8490:8490 \
-    victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7 \
+    victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 \
     /config.yaml \
     --licenseFile=/license \
     --loggerLevel=INFO \
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ services:
   # ...
   vmanomaly:
     container_name: vmanomaly
-    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7
+    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
     # ...
     restart: always
     volumes:
@@ -305,11 +305,11 @@ writer:
 
 ### UI
 
-{{% available_from "v1.26.0" anomaly %}} `vmanomaly`'s built-in web UI can be used for prototyping and interactive experimenting to produce vmanomaly's and vmalert's configuration files. Please refer to the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/) for detailed instructions and examples.
+{{% available_from "v1.26.0" anomaly %}} `vmanomaly`'s built-in web UI can be used for prototyping and interactive experimenting to produce vmanomaly's and vmalert's configuration files. Please refer to the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/) for detailed instructions and examples. {{% available_from "v1.29.0" anomaly %}} Connect MCP server to the UI to benefit from better response quality and tool access in the UI Copilot, which provides AI-assisted configuration generation and debugging capabilities. See the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#ai-assistance) for instructions on how to set it up.
 
 ![vmanomaly-ui-overview](vmanomaly-ui-overview.webp)
 > [!TIP]
-Public playgrounds with pre-configured `vmanomaly` instances and VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaLogs/VictoriaTraces datasources are available for interactive experimenting without the need to set up your own instance or getting an enterprise license. You can find them in the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#playgrounds) or access them directly via the links - [metrics](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/metrics/), [logs](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/logs/), [traces](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/traces/) - or embedded versions in the collapsible blocks.
+> Public playgrounds with pre-configured `vmanomaly` instances and VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaLogs/VictoriaTraces datasources are available for interactive experimenting without the need to set up your own instance or getting an enterprise license. You can find them in the [UI documentation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#playgrounds) or access them directly via the links - [metrics](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/metrics/), [logs](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/logs/), [traces](https://play-vmanomaly.victoriametrics.com/traces/) - or embedded versions in the collapsible blocks.
 
 {{% collapse name="Playground on VictoriaMetrics Datasource" %}}
 

docs/anomaly-detection/README.md

@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ Get started with VictoriaMetrics Anomaly Detection by following our guides and i
 
 - **Quickstart**: Learn how to quickly set up `vmanomaly` by following the [Quickstart Guide](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/quickstart/).
 - **UI**: Explore anomaly detection configurations through the [vmanomaly UI](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/).
-- **MCP**: Allow AI to assist you in generating service and alerting configurations, answering questions, planning migration with the [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly). Find the setup guide how to setup and use it [here](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics-Community/mcp-vmanomaly?tab=readme-ov-file#installation).
+- **MCP**: Allow AI to assist you in generating service and alerting configurations, answering questions, planning migration with the [MCP Server](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly). Find the setup guide how to setup and use it [here](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly?tab=readme-ov-file#installation).
 - **Integration**: Integrate anomaly detection into your existing observability stack. Find detailed steps [here](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/guides/guide-vmanomaly-vmalert/).
 - **Anomaly Detection Presets**: Enable anomaly detection on predefined sets of metrics. Learn more [here](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/presets/).
 

docs/anomaly-detection/UI.md

@@ -183,6 +183,94 @@ The best applications of this mode are:
 
 > However, the UI can be **combined with existing production jobs of anomaly detection, as it is available in non-blocking mode for all running vmanomaly instances** {{% available_from "v1.26.0" anomaly %}}, regardless of the preset or configuration used, just at a cost of increased resource usage.
 
+## AI Assistance
+
+{{% available_from "v1.29.0" anomaly %}} Copilot is an AI assistant built into the vmanomaly UI. It understands current anomaly detection configuration in the UI and helps iterate faster and obtain better results - without leaving the UI, searching the docs manually, or being an expert in anomaly detection.
+
+### What you can do with Copilot
+
+- **Ask questions** about any model (e.g. [Prophet](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#prophet) or [Z-score](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/models/#online-z-score) — parameters, trade-offs, when to use each)
+- **Improve detection quality** — describe what's wrong ("too many false positives", "missing spikes") and Copilot reads the config, searches the docs, and proposes a validated configuration change to fix the issue.
+- **Get config suggestions inline** — suggestions appear as interactive cards with an explanation and a YAML diff; click **Apply** to write the change directly to your current settings, or **Decline** to keep the conversation going.
+
+### How it works
+
+Copilot appears as a **chat popup** anchored to the bottom-right corner of the page. The panel is resizable by dragging its left edge, and can be opened or closed by clicking the respective icon.
+
+> [!TIP] Copilot is context-aware
+> It reads your active model, scheduler, and anomaly settings from the UI automatically, so you don't need to paste your config manually.
+
+### Configuration
+
+AI Assistant is disabled by default; enable it with `VMANOMALY_COPILOT_ENABLED=true`, then configure an LLM provider API key and, optionally, a model. Once enabled and configured, Copilot will appear as a chat popup in the bottom-right corner of the UI.
+
+
+
+Supported providers and model formats:
+
+- **Anthropic** — set `ANTHROPIC_API_KEY`; model format: `anthropic:<model>`
+  - Examples: `claude-haiku-4-5`, `claude-sonnet-4-6`; see [full list](https://platform.claude.com/docs/en/about-claude/models/overview#latest-models-comparison)
+- **OpenAI** — set `OPENAI_API_KEY`; model format: `openai:<model>`
+  - Examples: `gpt-5-mini`, `gpt-5.2`; see [full list](https://platform.openai.com/docs/models)
+
+Set exactly one provider key matching your selected model provider:
+
+```bash
+# Anthropic
+export ANTHROPIC_API_KEY=your_key_here
+
+# or OpenAI
+export OPENAI_API_KEY=your_key_here
+```
+
+Optionally override the default model:
+
+```bash
+export VMANOMALY_COPILOT_MODEL=openai:gpt-5-mini
+```
+
+### MCP tools server
+
+Connects Copilot to [mcp-vmanomaly](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly) for full tool access (built-in docs, models configuration and validation, alerts recommendation, service healthchecks, etc.). Full [tools list](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly?tab=readme-ov-file#toolset):
+
+> [!NOTE]
+> Only `http` [mode](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly?tab=readme-ov-file#modes) is supported. Set `VMANOMALY_MCP_SERVER_URL` to the MCP server HTTP endpoint. The server must be reachable from within the vmanomaly container.
+
+For example:
+
+```bash
+export VMANOMALY_MCP_SERVER_URL=http://localhost:8081/mcp
+```
+
+Use `localhost` only when the vmanomaly process can reach the MCP server on its own loopback interface (for example, both running on the host). If vmanomaly runs in a separate Docker container, use a reachable container or host address instead.
+
+**Example**: if using Docker, run `mcp-vmanomaly` and vmanomaly UI in the same Docker network so they can reach each other by container name:
+
+```bash
+docker network create vmanomaly-network
+
+docker run -d --rm \
+  --name mcp-vmanomaly \
+  --network vmanomaly-network \
+  -e VMANOMALY_ENDPOINT=http://vmanomaly-instance:8490 \
+  -e MCP_SERVER_MODE=http \
+  -e MCP_LISTEN_ADDR=:8081 \
+  ghcr.io/victoriametrics/mcp-vmanomaly
+
+docker run -it --rm \
+  --name vmanomaly-instance \
+  --network vmanomaly-network \
+  -e VMANOMALY_COPILOT_ENABLED=true \
+  -e OPENAI_API_KEY="$OPENAI_API_KEY" \
+  -e VMANOMALY_COPILOT_MODEL=openai:gpt-5-mini \
+  -e VMANOMALY_MCP_SERVER_URL=http://mcp-vmanomaly:8081/mcp \
+  -p 8080:8080 \
+  -p 8490:8490 \
+  victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 \
+  vmanomaly_config.yaml
+```
+
+
 ## UI Navigation
 
 The vmanomaly UI provides a user-friendly interface for exploring and configuring anomaly detection models. The main components of the UI include:
@@ -501,6 +589,15 @@ If the **results** look good and the **model configuration should be deployed in
 
 ## Changelog
 
+### v1.5.0
+Released: 2026-03-05
+
+vmanomaly version: [v1.29.0](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/changelog/#v1290)
+
+- FEATURE: Allowed AI assistance use for documentation Q&A, model configuration suggestion and application, optionally backed by [MCP Server tools](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/mcp-vmanomaly/tree/main). Please refer to [AI Assistance](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/ui/#ai-assistance) section for details.
+- FEATURE: Added filtering of timeseries in the Visualization Panel by labels and statistics (e.g. anomaly count) to focus on the most relevant series when many series are returned by the query.
+- BUGFIX: Fixed missing datapoints in [BacktestingScheduler](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/scheduler/#backtesting-scheduler) windows combined with [exact mode](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/anomaly-detection/components/scheduler/#defining-inference-timeframe-1), leading to "gaps" in plotted predictions and scores.
+
 ### v1.4.3
 Released: 2026-02-09
 

docs/anomaly-detection/components/models.md

@@ -136,21 +136,21 @@ models:
 
 Here's how default (backward-compatible) behavior looks like - anomalies will be tracked in `both` directions (`y > yhat` or `y < yhat`). This is useful when there is no domain expertise to filter the required direction.
 
-![schema_detection_direction=both](schema_detection_direction=both.webp)
+![schema_detection_direction=both](schema_detection_direction_both.webp)
 
 
 When set to `above_expected`, anomalies are tracked only when `y > yhat`.
 
 *Example metrics*: Error rate, response time, page load time, number of failed transactions - metrics where *lower values are better*, so **higher** values are typically tracked.
 
-![schema_detection_direction=above_expected](schema_detection_direction=above_expected.webp)
+![schema_detection_direction=above_expected](schema_detection_direction_above_expected.webp)
 
 
 When set to `below_expected`, anomalies are tracked only when `y < yhat`. 
 
 *Example metrics*: Service Level Agreement (SLA) compliance, conversion rate, Customer Satisfaction Score (CSAT) - metrics where *higher values are better*, so **lower** values are typically tracked.
 
-![schema_detection_direction=below_expected](schema_detection_direction=below_expected.webp)
+![schema_detection_direction=below_expected](schema_detection_direction_below_expected.webp)
 
 
 Config with a split example:
@@ -199,13 +199,13 @@ reader:
 
 Visualizations below demonstrate this concept; the green zone defined as the `[yhat - min_dev_from_expected, yhat + min_dev_from_expected]` range excludes actual data points (`y`) from generating anomaly scores if they fall within that range.
 
-![min_dev_from_expected-default](schema_min_dev_from_expected=0.webp)
+![min_dev_from_expected-default](schema_min_dev_from_expected_0.webp)
 
 
-![min_dev_from_expected-small](schema_min_dev_from_expected=1.0.webp)
+![min_dev_from_expected-small](schema_min_dev_from_expected_1_0.webp)
 
 
-![min_dev_from_expected-big](schema_min_dev_from_expected=5.0.webp)
+![min_dev_from_expected-big](schema_min_dev_from_expected_5_0.webp)
 
 Example config of how to use this param based on query results:
 
@@ -1219,7 +1219,7 @@ monitoring:
 Let's pull the docker image for `vmanomaly`:
 
 ```sh
-docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7
+docker pull victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
 ```
 
 Now we can run the docker container putting as volumes both config and model file:
@@ -1233,7 +1233,7 @@ docker run -it \
 -v $(PWD)/license:/license \
 -v $(PWD)/custom_model.py:/vmanomaly/model/custom.py \
 -v $(PWD)/custom.yaml:/config.yaml \
-victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.7 /config.yaml \
+victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0 /config.yaml \
 --licenseFile=/license
 --watch
 ```

docs/anomaly-detection/guides/guide-vmanomaly-vmalert/README.md

@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@ sitemap:
 
 - To use *vmanomaly*, part of the enterprise package, a license key is required. Obtain your key [here](https://victoriametrics.com/products/enterprise/trial/) for this tutorial or for enterprise use.
 - In the tutorial, we'll be using the following VictoriaMetrics components:
-  -  [VictoriaMetrics Single-Node](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/) (v1.136.0)
-  -  [vmalert](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmalert/) (v1.136.0)
-  -  [vmagent](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmagent/) (v1.136.0)
+  -  [VictoriaMetrics Single-Node](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/) (v1.137.0)
+  -  [vmalert](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmalert/) (v1.137.0)
+  -  [vmagent](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmagent/) (v1.137.0)
 - [Grafana](https://grafana.com/) (v.10.2.1)
 - [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/) and [Docker Compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/)
 - [Node exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter#node-exporter) (v1.7.0) and [Alertmanager](https://prometheus.io/docs/alerting/latest/alertmanager/) (v0.27.0)
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ Let's wrap it all up together into the `docker-compose.yml` file.
 services:
   vmagent:
     container_name: vmagent
-    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:
@@ -340,7 +340,7 @@ services:
 
   victoriametrics:
     container_name: victoriametrics
-    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.137.0
     ports:
       - 8428:8428
     volumes:
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ services:
 
   vmalert:
     container_name: vmalert
-    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.136.0
+    image: victoriametrics/vmalert:v1.137.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:
@@ -395,7 +395,7 @@ services:
     restart: always
   vmanomaly:
     container_name: vmanomaly
-    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.28.5
+    image: victoriametrics/vmanomaly:v1.29.0
     depends_on:
       - "victoriametrics"
     ports:

docs/guides/getting-started-with-opentelemetry/README.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ sitemap:
   disable: true
 ---
 
-This guide walks you through deploying VictoriaMetrics and VictoriaLogs on Kubernetes, and collecting [metrics](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#sending-data-via-opentelemetry) and [logs](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victorialogs/data-ingestion/opentelemetry/) from a Go application either directly or via the [OpenTelemetry Collector](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/).
+This guide walks you through deploying VictoriaMetrics and VictoriaLogs on Kubernetes, and collecting [metrics](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/data-ingestion/opentelemetry-collector/) and [logs](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victorialogs/data-ingestion/opentelemetry/) from a Go application either directly or via the [OpenTelemetry Collector](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/collector/).
 
 ## Pre-Requirements
 
@@ -316,4 +316,4 @@ using query `service.name: unknown_service:otel`.
 ## Limitations
 
 - VictoriaMetrics and VictoriaLogs do not support experimental JSON encoding [format](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-proto/blob/main/examples/metrics.json).
-- VictoriaMetrics supports only the `AggregationTemporalityCumulative` type for [histogram](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/metrics/data-model/#histogram) and [summary](https://opentelemetry.io/docs/specs/otel/metrics/data-model/#summary-legacy). Either consider using cumulative temporality or use the [`delta-to-cumulative processor`](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/tree/main/processor/deltatocumulativeprocessor) to convert to cumulative temporality in OpenTelemetry Collector.
+

docs/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,463 @@
+Using [Grafana](https://grafana.com/) with [vmauth](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmauth/) is an effective way to provide [multi-tenant](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/cluster-victoriametrics/#multitenancy) access to your metrics, logs, and traces.
+vmauth provides a way to authenticate users using [JWT tokens](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSON_Web_Token) {{% available_from "v1.138.0" %}} issued by an external identity provider.
+Those tokens can include information about the user and their tenant, which vmauth can use to restrict access so users only see metrics in their own tenant.
+
+This guide walks through configuring Grafana with OIDC to query metrics from both single-node and cluster deployments of VictoriaMetrics.
+
+## Prerequisites
+
+* [Docker](https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/) and [docker compose](https://docs.docker.com/compose/) must be installed.
+* [jq tool](https://jqlang.org/)
+* Add `grafana` and `keycloak` hosts to the `/etc/hosts` file, pointing to `127.0.0.1`.
+
+```
+# /etc/hosts
+
+# Setup vmauth - Multi-Tenant Access with Grafana & OIDC
+# https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/#prerequisites
+127.0.0.1 keycloak grafana
+```
+
+## Identity provider
+
+The identity provider must be able to issue JWT tokens with the following `vm_access` claim:
+
+```json
+{
+  "exp": 1772019469,
+  "vm_access": {
+    "metrics_account_id": 0,
+    "metrics_project_id": 0,
+    "metrics_extra_labels": [
+      "team=dev"
+    ],
+    "metrics_extra_filters": [
+     "{env=~\"aws|gcp\",cluster!=\"production\"}"
+    ]
+  }
+}
+```
+> Note: all properties inside `vm_access` are optional and could be omitted. `vm_access: {}` is a valid claim value.
+
+Some identity providers support only string-based claim values, and vmauth supports these as well:
+```json
+{
+  "exp": 1772019469,
+  "vm_access": "{\"metrics_account_id\": 0, \"metrics_project_id\": 0}"
+}
+```
+
+See details about all supported options in the [vmauth - JWT token auth proxy](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmauth/#jwt-token-auth-proxy).
+
+### Setup Keycloak
+
+[Keycloak](https://www.keycloak.org/) is an open-source identity provider that can issue JWT tokens.
+
+Add the following section to your `compose.yaml` file to configure Keycloak:
+
+```yaml
+# compose.yaml
+services:
+  keycloak:
+    image: quay.io/keycloak/keycloak:26.3
+    command:
+      - start-dev
+      - --http-port=3001
+    ports:
+      - 127.0.0.1:3001:3001
+    environment:
+      KC_HOSTNAME_BACKCHANNEL_DYNAMIC: "true"
+      KC_HOSTNAME: http://keycloak:3001/
+      KC_BOOTSTRAP_ADMIN_USERNAME: admin
+      KC_BOOTSTRAP_ADMIN_PASSWORD: change_me
+    volumes:
+      - keycloakdata:/opt/keycloak/data
+
+volumes:
+  keycloakdata: {}
+```
+
+Start the services:
+```sh
+docker compose up
+```
+
+Once Keycloak is available, follow the steps below to configure the OIDC client and users for Grafana:
+
+### Create client
+
+1. Open [http://keycloak:3001](http://keycloak:3001).
+1. Log in with credentials.
+    - Username: `admin`
+    - Password: `change_me`
+1. Go to `Clients` -> `Create client`.
+    - Use `OpenID Connect` as `Client Type`.
+    - Specify `grafana` as `Client ID`.
+    - Click `Next`.
+   ![Create client 1](create-client-1.webp)
+1. Enable `Client authentication`
+    - Enable `Authorization`.
+    - Enable `Direct access grants` (this is only required for testing the token but it can be disabled in production)
+   ![Create client 2](create-client-2.webp)
+    - Click `Next`.
+1. Add the Grafana URL as `Root URL`. For example, `http://grafana:3000`.
+   ![Create client 3](create-client-3.webp)
+    - Click `Save`.
+1. Go to `Clients` -> `grafana` -> `Client scopes`.
+   ![Create mapper 1](create-mapper-1.webp)
+   - Click on `grafana-dedicated` -> `Configure a new mapper` -> `User attribute`.
+   ![Create mapper 2](create-mapper-2.webp)
+1. Configure the mapper as follows:
+   - Set `Name` to `vm_access`.
+   - Set `User Attribute` to `vm_access`.
+   - Set `Token Claim Name` to `vm_access`.
+   - Set `Claim JSON Type` to `JSON`.
+   - Enable `Add to ID token` and `Add to access token`.
+   
+   ![Create mapper 3](create-mapper-3.webp)
+   - Click `Save`.
+
+### Create users
+
+1. Go to `Realm settings` -> `User profile`.
+   - Click `Create attribute`.
+   - Specify `vm_access` as `Attribute [Name]`.
+   ![User attributes](create-attribute.webp)
+   - Click `Create`.
+1. Go to `Users` -> `Add user`.
+   - Mark email as verified.
+   - Specify `test-dev` as `Username`.
+   - Specify `test-dev@example.com` as `Email`.
+   - Specify `vm_access` as `{"metrics_account_id": 1, "metrics_project_id": 2, "metrics_extra_labels": ["team=dev"]}`.
+   - Press `Create`
+   ![User attributes](user-attributes.webp)
+   - Go to `Users` -> `test-dev` user -> `Credentials` tab.
+   - Press `Set Password`.
+   - Type the password `testpass`.
+   - Disable `Temporary` option 
+   - Press `Save` and confirm.
+
+1. Go to `Users` -> `admin` user.
+   - Mark email as verified.
+   - Specify `admin@example.com` as `Email`.
+   - Specify `vm_access` as `{"metrics_account_id": 1, "metrics_project_id": 2, "metrics_extra_labels": ["team=admin"]}`.
+   - Click `Save`.
+
+### Test identity provider
+
+Gather the following information needed to configure Grafana:
+
+1. The Realm name must be `master`. To get the name, go to `Realm settings` -> `General` and copy the `Name`.
+1. The Client ID must be `grafana`. To get the ID, go to `Clients` -> `grafana` -> `Settings` and copy the `Client ID`.
+1. The Client Secret is dynamically generated. To get the secret, go to `Clients` -> `grafana` -> `Credentials` and copy the `Client Secret`.<br>
+   ![Client secret](client-secret.webp)
+   <br>
+
+Test that everything is working by requesting a token using `curl`:
+
+```sh
+TOKEN=$(curl --fail -s -X POST "http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token" \
+    -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
+    -d "client_id=grafana" \
+    -d "client_secret={CLIENT_SECRET}" \
+    -d "grant_type=password" \
+    -d "username=test-dev" \
+    -d "password=testpass" | jq -r '.access_token') && echo $TOKEN
+```
+
+<!--
+fish example:
+set TOKEN (curl --fail -s -X POST "http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token" \
+  -H "Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded" \
+  -d "client_id=grafana" \
+  -d "client_secret={CLIENT_SECRET}" \
+  -d "grant_type=password" \
+  -d "username=test-dev" \
+  -d "password=testpass" | jq -r '.access_token'); and echo $TOKEN
+-->
+
+The response should contain a valid JWT token with the `vm_access` claim. 
+Use [jwt.io](https://jwt.io/) to decode and verify that the vm_access claim is present with the expected values.
+
+> Please note that the issued token is short-lived, so you might need to refresh it before use in later chapters. 
+
+## VictoriaMetrics
+
+### Storage and scraping
+
+First, create a `scrape.yaml` file with vmagent scrape configuration to ingest data into vmsingle and vmstorage for testing purposes:
+
+```yaml
+# scrape.yaml
+scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: stat
+    metric_relabel_configs:
+      # The team label showcases extra_filter functionality used with vmsingle.
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmauth.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: team
+        replacement: admin
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmagent.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: team
+        replacement: dev
+
+      # The vm_account_id and vm_project_id labels showcase tenant functionality used with vmcluster
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmauth.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: vm_account_id
+        replacement: '1'
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmauth.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: vm_project_id
+        replacement: '2'
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmagent.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: vm_account_id
+        replacement: '1'
+      - if: "{instance =~ 'vmagent.*'}"
+        action: replace
+        target_label: vm_project_id
+        replacement: '2'
+    static_configs:
+      - targets:
+          - vmagent:8429
+          - vmauth:8427
+
+```
+
+Add VictoriaMetrics single-node and cluster to the `compose.yaml` file.
+These services will be used to store metrics scraped by vmagent and to query them via Grafana using vmauth.
+
+Relabeling rules will add the `team` label to the scraped metrics in order to test multi-tenant access.
+Metrics from `vmagent` will be labeled with `team=dev` and metrics from `vmauth` will be labeled with `team=admin`.
+
+vmagent will write data into VictoriaMetrics single-node and cluster (with tenant `1:2`).
+
+```yaml
+# compose.yaml
+services:
+  vmsingle:
+    image: victoriametrics/victoria-metrics:v1.138.0
+
+  vmstorage:
+    image: victoriametrics/vmstorage:v1.138.0-cluster
+
+  vminsert:
+    image: victoriametrics/vminsert:v1.138.0-cluster
+    command:
+      - -storageNode=vmstorage:8400
+
+  vmselect:
+    image: victoriametrics/vmselect:v1.138.0-cluster
+    command:
+      - -storageNode=vmstorage:8401
+
+  vmagent:
+    image: victoriametrics/vmagent:v1.138.0
+    volumes:
+      - ./scrape.yaml:/etc/vmagent/config.yaml
+    command:
+      - -promscrape.config=/etc/vmagent/config.yaml
+      - -remoteWrite.url=http://vminsert:8480/insert/multitenant/prometheus/api/v1/write
+      - -remoteWrite.url=http://vmsingle:8428/api/v1/write
+```
+
+### Vmauth
+
+Before we start, let's explore the concept of placeholders supported in the vmauth configuration.
+Placeholders can be used inside the `url_prefix` property to restrict access by setting the [tenant](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/cluster-victoriametrics/#url-format) or [extra filters](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/single-server-victoriametrics/#prometheus-querying-api-enhancements).
+
+A placeholder value is taken from the authenticated JWT token.
+The following placeholders are supported:
+- `{{.MetricsTenant}}` placeholder is a combination of `vm_access.metrics_account_id` and `vm_access.metrics_project_id` delimited by `:`.
+- `{{.MetricsExtraLabels}}` placeholder is substituted from `vm_access.metrics_extra_labels` claim property.
+- `{{.MetricsExtraFilters}}` placeholder is substituted from `vm_access.metrics_extra_filters` claim property.
+
+Now, let's create a vmauth configuration file `auth.yaml` that enables OIDC authorization using the [identity provider](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/#identity-provider).
+For cluster access, we use the `{{.MetricsTenant}}` placeholder to route requests to a specific tenant.
+For single-node access, we use `{{.MetricsExtraLabels}}`. 
+Read more about templating in vmauth [docs](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/vmauth/#jwt-claim-based-request-templating).
+
+```yaml
+# auth.yaml
+users:
+  - jwt:
+      oidc:
+        issuer: 'http://keycloak:3001/realms/master'
+    url_map:
+      - src_paths:
+          - "/insert/.*"
+        drop_src_path_prefix_parts: 1
+        url_prefix: "http://vminsert:8480/insert/{{.MetricsTenant}}/prometheus/"
+      - src_paths:
+          - "/select/.*"
+        drop_src_path_prefix_parts: 1
+        url_prefix: "http://vmselect:8481/select/{{.MetricsTenant}}/prometheus/"
+      - src_paths:
+          - "/single/.*"
+        drop_src_path_prefix_parts: 1
+        url_prefix: "http://vmsingle:8428?extra_label={{.MetricsExtraLabels}}"
+```
+
+Now add the vmauth service to `compose.yaml`:
+
+```yaml
+# compose.yaml
+services:
+  vmauth:
+    image: docker.io/victoriametrics/vmauth:v1.138.0
+    ports:
+      - 8427:8427
+    volumes:
+      - ./auth.yaml:/auth.yaml
+    command:
+      - -auth.config=/auth.yaml
+```
+
+### Test vmauth
+
+Start the services:
+
+```sh
+docker compose up
+```
+
+Use the token obtained in the [Test identity provider](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/#test-identity-provider) section to test vmauth configuration.
+
+Cluster select:
+```sh
+curl --fail http://localhost:8427/select/api/v1/status/buildinfo -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
+
+# Output:
+# {"status":"success","data":{"version":"2.24.0"}}
+```
+
+Cluster insert:
+```sh
+curl --fail http://localhost:8427/insert/api/v1/write -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN" -i
+# Output
+# HTTP/1.1 204 No Content
+# ...
+```
+
+Single select:
+```sh
+curl --fail http://localhost:8427/single/api/v1/status/buildinfo -H "Authorization: Bearer $TOKEN"
+
+# Output:
+# {"status":"success","data":{"version":"2.24.0"}}
+```
+
+## Grafana
+
+### Setup
+
+Add the Grafana service to the `compose.yaml` file.
+This configuration enables OAuth authentication using the previously configured Keycloak service as the identity provider.
+Don't forget to replace the `{CLIENT_SECRET}` placeholder with the actual client secret gathered earlier.
+
+```yaml
+# compose.yaml
+services:
+  grafana:
+    image: grafana/grafana:12.1.0
+    ports:
+      - 3000:3000
+    environment:
+      GF_SERVER_ROOT_URL: http://grafana:3000
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_ENABLED: true
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_ALLOW_SIGN_UP: true
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_NAME: keycloak
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID: grafana
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET: '{CLIENT_SECRET}'
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_EMAIL_ATTRIBUTE_PATH: email
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_LOGIN_ATTRIBUTE_PATH: username
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_NAME_ATTRIBUTE_PATH: full_name
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_SCOPES: openid profile email
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_USE_REFRESH_TOKEN: true
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_AUTH_URL: http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/auth
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_TOKEN_URL: http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_API_URL: http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/userinfo
+      GF_AUTH_GENERIC_OAUTH_ROLE_ATTRIBUTE_PATH: contains(groups[*], 'grafana-editor') && 'Editor' || 'GrafanaAdmin'
+    volumes:
+      - grafanadata:/var/lib/grafana/
+
+volumes:
+  grafanadata: {}
+```
+
+Alternatively, OAuth authentication can be enabled via the `grafana.ini` configuration file.
+Don't forget to mount it to the Grafana service at `/etc/grafana/grafana.ini`.
+
+```ini
+# grafana.ini
+
+[server]
+root_url = http://grafana:3000
+
+[auth.generic_oauth]
+enabled = true
+allow_sign_up = true
+name = keycloak
+client_id = grafana
+client_secret = {CLIENT_SECRET}
+scopes = openid profile email
+auth_url = http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/auth
+token_url = http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/token
+api_url = http://keycloak:3001/realms/master/protocol/openid-connect/userinfo
+use_refresh_token = true
+```
+
+After starting Grafana with the new config, you should be able to log in [http://grafana:3000](http://grafana:3000) using your [identity provider](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/#identity-provider).
+
+![Grafana login](grafana-login.webp)
+
+### Datasource
+
+Create two Prometheus datasources in Grafana with the following URLs: `http://vmauth:8427/select` and `http://vmauth:8427/single`, pointing to the `vmselect` and `vmsingle` services, respectively. Make sure the authentication method is set to `Forward OAuth identity`.
+
+![Prometheus datasource](grafana-datasource-prometheus.webp)
+
+You can also use the VictoriaMetrics [Grafana datasource](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/victoriametrics-datasource) plugin.
+See installation instructions in [Grafana datasource - Installation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/victoriametrics-datasource/#installation).
+
+Users with the `vm_access` claim will be able to query metrics from the specified tenant with extra filters applied.
+
+### Test access
+
+The Grafana datasources configuration should be as follows:
+
+![Test datasources](grafana-test-datasources.webp)
+<figcaption style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;">Grafana vmauth datasources</figcaption>
+
+Let's log in as a dev user in the VictoriaMetrics cluster and single versions.
+Both data sources should return the same metrics.
+
+The only difference is the filter: for the VictoriaMetrics cluster, the `vmauth-cluster` data source must restrict results by `tenant=1:2`.
+
+![Cluster dev](grafana-cluster-dev.webp)
+<figcaption style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;">Logged in as dev user to Grafana dashboard on VictoriaMetrics Cluster</figcaption>
+
+While on VictoriaMetrics single `vmauth-single` must apply the `team=dev` label filter instead.
+
+![Single dev](grafana-single-dev.webp)
+<figcaption style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;">Logged in as dev user to Grafana dashboard on VictoriaMetrics Single</figcaption>
+
+Let's log in as an admin user. The `vmauth-single` data source should differ from the previous user, while `vmauth-cluster` should remain the same because both users use tenant `1:2`.
+
+The only difference is the filter: in the VictoriaMetrics cluster `vmauth-cluster`, the data source must restrict results by `tenant=1:2`.
+
+
+![Cluster admin](grafana-cluster-admin.webp)
+<figcaption style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;">Logged in as admin user to Grafana dashboard on VictoriaMetrics Cluster</figcaption>
+
+While in VictoriaMetrics single `vmauth-single` must apply the `team=admin` label filter instead.
+
+![Cluster admin](grafana-single-admin.webp)
+<figcaption style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;">Logged in as admin user to Grafana dashboard on VictoriaMetrics Single</figcaption>
+
+## Summary
+
+In this guide, we demonstrated how to set up vmauth with OIDC authorization using Keycloak as the identity provider. We also showed how to provide multi-tenant access to your metrics stored in VictoriaMetrics, single-node or cluster, using Grafana and vmauth with OIDC authorization enabled.
+

docs/guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration/_index.md

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+---
+weight: 5
+title: Setup vmauth - Multi-Tenant Access with Grafana & OIDC
+menu:
+  docs:
+    parent: guides
+    weight: 5
+tags:
+  - metrics
+  - guide
+aliases:
+- /guides/grafana-vmauth-openid-configuration.html
+---
+{{% content "README.md" %}}