improve chart

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -33,8 +33,7 @@ jobs:
     name: ${{ matrix.os }}-${{ matrix.arch }}
     permissions:
       contents: read
-    # Runs on dedicated runner with extra resources to increase build speed.
-    runs-on: 'vm-runner'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     strategy:
       fail-fast: false
       matrix:

.github/workflows/test.yml

@@ -30,8 +30,7 @@ jobs:
     name: lint
     permissions:
       contents: read
-    # Runs on dedicated runner with extra resources since golangci-lint requires extra memory
-    runs-on: 'vm-runner'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: Code checkout
         uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd  # v6.0.2
@@ -65,8 +64,7 @@ jobs:
     name: unit
     permissions:
       contents: read
-    # Runs on dedicated runner with extra resources to increase tests speed.
-    runs-on: 'vm-runner'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
 
     strategy:
       matrix:
@@ -97,7 +95,6 @@ jobs:
     name: apptest
     permissions:
       contents: read
-    # Runs on dedicated runner to isolate app tests from other tests.
     runs-on: apptest
 
     steps:

.golangci.yml

@@ -3,14 +3,27 @@ linters:
   settings:
     errcheck:
       exclude-functions:
+        - fmt.Fprintf
+        - fmt.Fprint
         - (net/http.ResponseWriter).Write
   exclusions:
     generated: lax
     presets:
+      - common-false-positives
+      - legacy
       - std-error-handling
     rules:
       - linters:
           - staticcheck
         text: 'SA(4003|1019|5011):'
     paths:
-      - ^app/vmui/
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$
+formatters:
+  exclusions:
+    generated: lax
+    paths:
+      - third_party$
+      - builtin$
+      - examples$

Makefile

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ EXTRA_GO_BUILD_TAGS ?=
 GO_BUILDINFO = -X '$(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/buildinfo.Version=$(APP_NAME)-$(DATEINFO_TAG)-$(BUILDINFO_TAG)'
 TAR_OWNERSHIP ?= --owner=1000 --group=1000
 
-GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION := 2.12.2
+GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION := 2.9.0
 
 .PHONY: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
 
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ golangci-lint: install-golangci-lint
 	golangci-lint run --build-tags 'synctest'
 
 install-golangci-lint:
-	which golangci-lint && (golangci-lint --version | grep -q $(GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION)) || curl -sSfL https://golangci-lint.run/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin v$(GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION)
+	which golangci-lint && (golangci-lint --version | grep -q $(GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION)) || curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin v$(GOLANGCI_LINT_VERSION)
 
 remove-golangci-lint:
 	rm -rf `which golangci-lint`

app/test/sa_tester/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The `sa-tester` provides a stream aggregation config on the `/sa-config` endpoint for an external `vmagent` to read, writes configured mock series to `vmagent` for aggregation, and receives the output aggregation results from `vmagent`. It will print all the input and output samples in its logs, and generate a report with them.
+
+See `app/test/sa_tester/config.yaml` for all supported options.
+
+**Test steps:**
+
+1. Start the `sa-tester` with the local config file `app/test/sa_tester/config.yaml`.
+2. Start a `vmagent` instance using the version you want to test:
+   - 2.1. Use `<sa-tester-addr>/api/v1/write` as one of the `-remoteWrite.url` values. You can also add other `remoteWrite` URLs to `vmsingle` to check the aggregation results.
+   - 2.2. Use `-streamAggr.config=http://192.168.0.102:8880/sa-config` to make `vmagent` use the stream aggregation config from `sa-tester`.
+3. Call `<sa-tester-addr>/start` when you're ready. The `sa-tester` will call the `vmagent` reload endpoint to ensure the stream aggregation config is up to date, and start writing the series to `vmagent` for aggregation.
+4. Check results using the `sa-tester` logs, `<sa-tester-addr>/report` page or other remoteWrite destinations. 
+
+![alt text](image-1.png)
+
+**Notes:**
+
+1. You can safely rerun the test without restarting the `vmagent` instance if you changed the stream aggregation config (due to the reload call) or just wait for a while (due to the default staleness interval).
+2. You can call `<sa-tester-addr>/reset` to update the `/sa-config` endpoint and `input_series` configs, then call `<sa-tester-addr>/start` to start a new test.
+3. You can replace the above `vmagent` with `vmsingle` if you want to check results only in `vmsingle` instead of in the `sa-tester` logs.
+4. Do not send extra metrics from vmagent to sa-tester, it will generate a wall of logs:)

app/test/sa_tester/config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+# Stream aggregation rules served on GET /sa-config.
+# Configure vmagent with:
+#   -streamAggr.config=http://localhost:8080/sa-config
+saRules:
+  - name: 'foobar'
+    match: 'test'
+    interval: 10s
+    without: [instance]
+    outputs: [total]
+  - name: 'foobar'
+    match: 'test'
+    interval: 10s
+    without: [instance]
+    outputs: [total_prometheus]
+
+# Address of the vmagent that loads SA rules and accepts raw samples.
+# POST /start calls <vmagent_address>/-/reload then writes samples to it.
+vmagent_address: "http://192.168.0.102:8420"
+
+# Listen address for this tester's HTTP server.
+listen_address: ":8880"
+
+# --- Below are for generating input samples for testing. ---
+# Time between consecutive sample slots.
+# Currently, interval is global, you can have different intervals for different input series by insert null between values.
+interval: 10s
+
+input_series:
+  - series: 'test{env="prod", instance="a"}'
+    # One value per slot (1-indexed). null means slot is skipped but could be compensated by delays.
+    values: [null, null, 1, 2, 3, null, null, 6, 7, 8]
+    # delays can be used to mock delayed or out of order sample cases.
+    # delays: [originalSlot, sendAtSlot, value]  (slots are 1-indexed)
+    # Sample is timestamped at T+(originalSlot-1)*interval, but delivered to vmagent at T+(sendAtSlot-1)*interval.
+    delays:
+      - [6, 8, 4]   # slot-6 sample (value=4) sent together at slot 8
+      - [7, 8, 5]   # slot-7 sample (value=5) sent together at slot 8
+
+  - series: 'test{env="prod", instance="b"}'
+    values: [null, null, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]

app/test/sa_tester/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,622 @@
+// sa_tester is a tool for testing stream aggregation rules.
+//
+// It does two things:
+//  1. Serves a stream aggregation config YAML on GET /sa-config so that
+//     vmagent can pull it with -streamAggr.config=http://host/sa-config.
+//  2. On POST /start it calls vmagent's /-/reload (recording T=now),
+//     then writes synthetic samples to the same vmagent.
+//
+// Usage:
+//
+//	go run ./app/test/sa_tester -config app/test/sa_tester/config.yaml
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"regexp"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompb"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/promremotewrite/stream"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+)
+type AppConfig struct {
+	// SARules holds the stream aggregation rules.  It is marshalled back to
+	// YAML and served verbatim on GET /sa-config.
+	SARules interface{} `yaml:"saRules"`
+
+	// Interval between consecutive sample slots, e.g. "10s".
+	Interval string `yaml:"interval"`
+
+	// InputSeries defines the time series to generate.
+	InputSeries []InputSeries `yaml:"input_series"`
+
+	// VmagentAddress is the vmagent that loads SA rules and accepts raw samples.
+	// POST /start calls <VmagentAddress>/-/reload, then writes samples to it.
+	// Default: http://localhost:8429
+	VmagentAddress string `yaml:"vmagent_address"`
+
+	// ListenAddress is the HTTP listen address for this tester.
+	// Default: :8080
+	ListenAddress string `yaml:"listen_address"`
+}
+
+// InputSeries describes how to generate one time series.
+type InputSeries struct {
+	// Series is a Prometheus-style selector, e.g. 'test1{env="prod",instance="a"}'.
+	Series string `yaml:"series"`
+
+	// Values lists the sample values for consecutive slots (1-indexed).
+	// A null entry means the slot is skipped or handled by Delays.
+	Values []*float64 `yaml:"values"`
+
+	// Delays is a list of [originalSlot, sendAtSlot, value] triples (1-indexed).
+	// The sample is timestamped at T+(originalSlot-1)*interval
+	// but sent to vmagent at T+(sendAtSlot-1)*interval.
+	//
+	// Example: [4, 6, 4] means a sample with value=4 whose logical timestamp
+	// is slot 4 is actually delivered at slot 6 together with the slot-6 sample.
+	Delays [][]float64 `yaml:"delays"`
+}
+
+// scheduledSample is a single data point waiting to be sent.
+type scheduledSample struct {
+	timestamp int64 // sample timestamp in milliseconds
+	value     float64
+}
+
+// vmImportLine is one line of the VictoriaMetrics /api/v1/import NDJSON format.
+type vmImportLine struct {
+	Metric     map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Values     []float64         `json:"values"`
+	Timestamps []int64           `json:"timestamps"`
+}
+
+// --- report data types -------------------------------------------------------
+
+// sentDataPoint is one data point in the sent-series chart.
+type sentDataPoint struct {
+	TsSec    float64 `json:"x"`      // sample unix timestamp in seconds
+	Value    float64 `json:"y"`
+	SentAtSec float64 `json:"sentAt"` // wall-clock send time in seconds; equals TsSec if not delayed
+	Delayed  bool    `json:"delayed"`
+}
+
+// sentSeriesData holds all sent data points for one configured input series.
+type sentSeriesData struct {
+	Name   string          `json:"name"`
+	Points []sentDataPoint `json:"points"`
+}
+
+// recvDataPoint is one sample received on /api/v1/write.
+type recvDataPoint struct {
+	TsSec float64 `json:"x"` // sample unix timestamp in seconds
+	Value float64 `json:"y"`
+}
+
+// recvSeriesData holds all received samples for one metric series.
+type recvSeriesData struct {
+	Name   string          `json:"name"`
+	Points []recvDataPoint `json:"points"`
+}
+
+var (
+	cfg        *AppConfig
+	configPath string // path of the config file, stored at startup for hot-reload
+	saYAML     []byte // SA config YAML to serve
+
+	mu      sync.Mutex
+	started bool
+
+	reportMu     sync.RWMutex
+	reportT      time.Time
+	reportJitter time.Duration
+	reportSent   []sentSeriesData
+	reportRecv   = make(map[string]*recvSeriesData)
+)
+
+func main() {
+	configFile := flag.String("config", "config.yaml", "path to config YAML file")
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	configPath = *configFile
+	if err := loadConfig(); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("cannot load config: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/sa-config", handleSAConfig)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/start", handleStart)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/reset", handleReset)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/write", handleRemoteWrite)
+	mux.HandleFunc("/report", handleReport)
+
+	log.Printf("HTTP server listening on %s", cfg.ListenAddress)
+	log.Printf("Endpoints:")
+	log.Printf("  GET  /sa-config       — serve SA rules YAML for vmagent")
+	log.Printf("  POST /start           — call vmagent /-/reload then write samples")
+	log.Printf("  POST /reset           — reload config, clear 'started' flag")
+	log.Printf("  POST /api/v1/write    — receive Prometheus remote-write from vmagent SA output")
+	log.Printf("  GET  /report          — HTML report with sent/received series charts")
+	log.Fatalf("server stopped: %v", http.ListenAndServe(cfg.ListenAddress, mux))
+}
+
+// handleSAConfig serves the SA rules YAML so that vmagent can fetch it.
+func handleSAConfig(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	log.Printf("[sa-config] request from %s", r.RemoteAddr)
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/yaml; charset=utf-8")
+	if _, err := w.Write(saYAML); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[sa-config] write error: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// handleStart triggers vmagent reload and starts the sample writer goroutine.
+func handleStart(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	mu.Lock()
+	if started {
+		mu.Unlock()
+		http.Error(w, "test already running; POST /reset to allow re-running", http.StatusConflict)
+		return
+	}
+	started = true
+	mu.Unlock()
+
+	interval, err := time.ParseDuration(cfg.Interval)
+	if err != nil {
+		http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("invalid interval %q: %v", cfg.Interval, err), http.StatusBadRequest)
+		mu.Lock()
+		started = false
+		mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Call vmagent /-/reload so it picks up the SA config from /sa-config.
+	reloadURL := cfg.VmagentAddress + "/-/reload"
+	log.Printf("[start] calling vmagent reload: POST %s", reloadURL)
+	reloadResp, err := http.Post(reloadURL, "application/json", nil) //nolint:noctx
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[start] reload request failed: %v", err)
+		http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("vmagent reload failed: %v", err), http.StatusBadGateway)
+		mu.Lock()
+		started = false
+		mu.Unlock()
+		return
+	}
+	reloadBody, _ := io.ReadAll(reloadResp.Body)
+	reloadResp.Body.Close()
+	log.Printf("[start] reload response: status=%d body=%q", reloadResp.StatusCode, reloadBody)
+
+	T := time.Now()
+	jitter := time.Duration(rand.Int63n(int64(interval / 2))) //nolint:gosec
+	log.Printf("[start] T=%s  jitter=%v  first-sample-at T+%v",
+		T.Format(time.RFC3339Nano), jitter, jitter)
+
+	reportMu.Lock()
+	reportT = T
+	reportJitter = jitter
+	reportSent = nil
+	reportRecv = make(map[string]*recvSeriesData)
+	reportMu.Unlock()
+
+	go runTest(T, interval, jitter)
+
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, "test started\nT=%s\njitter=%v\n", T.Format(time.RFC3339Nano), jitter)
+}
+
+// handleRemoteWrite accepts Prometheus remote-write requests (e.g. from vmagent's SA output)
+// and logs each received time series in a human-readable format for result verification.
+func handleRemoteWrite(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	isVMRemoteWrite := r.Header.Get("Content-Encoding") == "zstd"
+	err := stream.Parse(r.Body, isVMRemoteWrite, func(tss []prompb.TimeSeries, _ []prompb.MetricMetadata) error {
+		for i := range tss {
+			ts := &tss[i]
+			var sb strings.Builder
+			// Build metric name + labels string.
+			var metricName string
+			for _, lbl := range ts.Labels {
+				if lbl.Name == "__name__" {
+					metricName = lbl.Value
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			sb.WriteString(metricName)
+			sb.WriteByte('{')
+			first := true
+			for _, lbl := range ts.Labels {
+				if lbl.Name == "__name__" {
+					continue
+				}
+				if !first {
+					sb.WriteByte(',')
+				}
+				first = false
+				sb.WriteString(lbl.Name)
+				sb.WriteString(`="`)
+				sb.WriteString(lbl.Value)
+				sb.WriteByte('"')
+			}
+			sb.WriteByte('}')
+			metricStr := sb.String()
+
+			// Log each sample on its own line for easy reading.
+			for _, s := range ts.Samples {
+				t := time.UnixMilli(s.Timestamp)
+				log.Printf("[recv] %-60s  value=%-12g  ts= %v, ts_human=%s",
+					metricStr, s.Value, t.UnixMilli(), t.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
+			}
+
+			// Record for /report.
+			reportMu.Lock()
+			if reportRecv == nil {
+				reportRecv = make(map[string]*recvSeriesData)
+			}
+			rd := reportRecv[metricStr]
+			if rd == nil {
+				rd = &recvSeriesData{Name: metricStr}
+				reportRecv[metricStr] = rd
+			}
+			for _, s := range ts.Samples {
+				rd.Points = append(rd.Points, recvDataPoint{
+					TsSec: float64(s.Timestamp) / 1000.0,
+					Value: s.Value,
+				})
+			}
+			reportMu.Unlock()
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[recv] parse error: %v", err)
+		http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusBadRequest)
+		return
+	}
+	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+// handleReset re-reads the config file from disk, updates the SA config and
+// input_series, and clears the started flag so the test can be triggered again.
+func handleReset(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	mu.Lock()
+	if err := loadConfig(); err != nil {
+		mu.Unlock()
+		log.Printf("[reset] failed to reload config: %v", err)
+		http.Error(w, fmt.Sprintf("config reload failed: %v", err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		return
+	}
+	started = false
+	mu.Unlock()
+
+	reportMu.Lock()
+	reportSent = nil
+	reportRecv = make(map[string]*recvSeriesData)
+	reportT = time.Time{}
+	reportMu.Unlock()
+
+	log.Printf("[reset] config reloaded, started flag cleared")
+	fmt.Fprintln(w, "reset ok")
+}
+
+// loadConfig reads configPath from disk, parses it into cfg, and rebuilds saYAML.
+// Callers that need thread safety must hold mu.
+func loadConfig() error {
+	data, err := os.ReadFile(configPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot read config file %q: %w", configPath, err)
+	}
+
+	newCfg := &AppConfig{
+		VmagentAddress: "http://localhost:8429",
+		ListenAddress:  ":8080",
+	}
+	if err := yaml.Unmarshal(data, newCfg); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse config: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	var newSAYAML []byte
+	if newCfg.SARules != nil {
+		newSAYAML, err = yaml.Marshal(newCfg.SARules)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("cannot re-marshal saRules to YAML: %w", err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		newSAYAML = []byte("[]\n")
+	}
+
+	cfg = newCfg
+	saYAML = newSAYAML
+
+	log.Printf("[config] loaded from %q", configPath)
+	log.Printf("[config] interval          : %s", cfg.Interval)
+	log.Printf("[config] vmagent           : %s", cfg.VmagentAddress)
+	log.Printf("[config] listen            : %s", cfg.ListenAddress)
+	log.Printf("[config] input_series count: %d", len(cfg.InputSeries))
+	log.Printf("[config] SA config:\n---\n%s---", saYAML)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// --- label parsing -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+// seriesRe matches "metricname" or "metricname{k="v",...}".
+var seriesRe = regexp.MustCompile(`^([^{,\s]+?)(?:\{([^}]*)\})?$`)
+var labelRe = regexp.MustCompile(`(\w+)="([^"]*)"`)
+
+// parseLabels converts a Prometheus-style selector string into a flat label map.
+func parseLabels(series string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	series = strings.TrimSpace(series)
+	m := seriesRe.FindStringSubmatch(series)
+	if m == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse series selector %q", series)
+	}
+	labels := map[string]string{"__name__": m[1]}
+	if m[2] != "" {
+		for _, pair := range labelRe.FindAllStringSubmatch(m[2], -1) {
+			labels[pair[1]] = pair[2]
+		}
+	}
+	return labels, nil
+}
+
+// --- schedule building -------------------------------------------------------
+
+// buildSchedule constructs a map of sendAtMs → []scheduledSample for a series.
+//
+// Slot numbering is 1-indexed:
+//   - slot i has sample timestamp T+jitter+(i-1)*interval
+//   - non-null values[i-1] are sent at their own slot time
+//   - delay entry [orig, sendAt, val] sends a sample timestamped at slot orig
+//     but delivered to vmagent at slot sendAt
+func buildSchedule(is InputSeries, T time.Time, interval, jitter time.Duration) (map[int64][]scheduledSample, error) {
+	type delayEntry struct {
+		sendAtSlot int
+		value      float64
+	}
+	delayMap := make(map[int]delayEntry, len(is.Delays))
+	for _, d := range is.Delays {
+		if len(d) != 3 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("each delay must be [originalSlot, sendAtSlot, value]; got %v", d)
+		}
+		delayMap[int(d[0])] = delayEntry{sendAtSlot: int(d[1]), value: d[2]}
+	}
+
+	schedule := make(map[int64][]scheduledSample)
+
+	// Regular (non-null) values — sent at their natural slot time.
+	for i, v := range is.Values {
+		if v == nil {
+			continue // null → slot is handled by delays or intentionally absent
+		}
+		sampleTime := T.Add(jitter + time.Duration(i)*interval)
+		sendAtMs := sampleTime.UnixMilli()
+		schedule[sendAtMs] = append(schedule[sendAtMs], scheduledSample{
+			timestamp: sampleTime.UnixMilli(),
+			value:     *v,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Delayed values — timestamped at originalSlot, sent at sendAtSlot.
+	for origSlot, de := range delayMap {
+		sampleTime := T.Add(jitter + time.Duration(origSlot-1)*interval)
+		sendAt := T.Add(jitter + time.Duration(de.sendAtSlot-1)*interval)
+		sendAtMs := sendAt.UnixMilli()
+		schedule[sendAtMs] = append(schedule[sendAtMs], scheduledSample{
+			timestamp: sampleTime.UnixMilli(),
+			value:     de.value,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Sort samples within each slot by timestamp for deterministic ordering.
+	for k, s := range schedule {
+		sort.Slice(s, func(i, j int) bool { return s[i].timestamp < s[j].timestamp })
+		schedule[k] = s
+	}
+
+	return schedule, nil
+}
+
+// --- test runner -------------------------------------------------------------
+
+type seriesEvent struct {
+	seriesName string // original series selector string from config
+	labels     map[string]string
+	samples    []scheduledSample
+}
+
+func runTest(T time.Time, interval, jitter time.Duration) {
+	defer func() {
+		mu.Lock()
+		started = false
+		mu.Unlock()
+		log.Printf("[write] finished")
+	}()
+
+	// Collect all send events across every configured series.
+	allEvents := make(map[int64][]seriesEvent)
+
+	for _, is := range cfg.InputSeries {
+		labels, err := parseLabels(is.Series)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("[test] cannot parse series %q: %v — skipping", is.Series, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		schedule, err := buildSchedule(is, T, interval, jitter)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Printf("[test] cannot build schedule for %q: %v — skipping", is.Series, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		log.Printf("[test] series %q: %d distinct send-time slots", is.Series, len(schedule))
+		for sendAtMs, samples := range schedule {
+			allEvents[sendAtMs] = append(allEvents[sendAtMs], seriesEvent{
+				seriesName: is.Series,
+				labels:     labels,
+				samples:    samples,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Sort the unique send times into chronological order.
+	sendTimes := make([]int64, 0, len(allEvents))
+	for t := range allEvents {
+		sendTimes = append(sendTimes, t)
+	}
+	sort.Slice(sendTimes, func(i, j int) bool { return sendTimes[i] < sendTimes[j] })
+
+	log.Printf("[test] starting: %d distinct send times across %d series",
+		len(sendTimes), len(cfg.InputSeries))
+
+	for _, sendAtMs := range sendTimes {
+		sendAt := time.UnixMilli(sendAtMs)
+		if now := time.Now(); sendAt.After(now) {
+			sleep := sendAt.Sub(now)
+			time.Sleep(sleep)
+		}
+
+		for _, ev := range allEvents[sendAtMs] {
+			recordSent(ev.seriesName, ev.samples, sendAtMs)
+			if err := writeSamples(cfg.VmagentAddress, ev.labels, ev.samples); err != nil {
+				log.Printf("[test] write error for %v: %v", ev.labels, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// --- vmagent writer ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+// writeSamples POSTs one NDJSON line to vmagent's /api/v1/import endpoint.
+// All samples for the same metric series are batched into a single request.
+func writeSamples(addr string, labels map[string]string, samples []scheduledSample) error {
+	values := make([]float64, len(samples))
+	timestamps := make([]int64, len(samples))
+	for i, s := range samples {
+		values[i] = s.value
+		timestamps[i] = s.timestamp
+	}
+
+	line := vmImportLine{
+		Metric:     labels,
+		Values:     values,
+		Timestamps: timestamps,
+	}
+	data, err := json.Marshal(line)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("marshal: %w", err)
+	}
+	data = append(data, '\n')
+
+	url := addr + "/api/v1/import"
+	log.Printf("[write] metric=%v values=%v timestamps_ms=%v",
+		labels, values, timestamps)
+
+	resp, err := http.Post(url, "application/json", bytes.NewReader(data)) //nolint:noctx
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("POST %s: %w", url, err)
+	}
+	body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	resp.Body.Close()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode/100 != 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("POST %s: status=%d body=%q", url, resp.StatusCode, body)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// --- report ------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// recordSent stores sent samples into the report data store.
+// It must be called without holding reportMu.
+func recordSent(seriesName string, samples []scheduledSample, sendAtMs int64) {
+	reportMu.Lock()
+	defer reportMu.Unlock()
+
+	var sd *sentSeriesData
+	for i := range reportSent {
+		if reportSent[i].Name == seriesName {
+			sd = &reportSent[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if sd == nil {
+		reportSent = append(reportSent, sentSeriesData{Name: seriesName})
+		sd = &reportSent[len(reportSent)-1]
+	}
+
+	for _, s := range samples {
+		sd.Points = append(sd.Points, sentDataPoint{
+			TsSec:     float64(s.timestamp) / 1000.0,
+			Value:     s.value,
+			SentAtSec: float64(sendAtMs) / 1000.0,
+			Delayed:   sendAtMs != s.timestamp,
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+// handleReport renders and serves the HTML report page with sent/received charts.
+func handleReport(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	// saYAML is read without mu, consistent with handleSAConfig.
+	saYAMLStr := string(saYAML)
+
+	reportMu.RLock()
+	sentSnap := make([]sentSeriesData, len(reportSent))
+	for i, sd := range reportSent {
+		pts := make([]sentDataPoint, len(sd.Points))
+		copy(pts, sd.Points)
+		sentSnap[i] = sentSeriesData{Name: sd.Name, Points: pts}
+	}
+	recvSnap := make([]recvSeriesData, 0, len(reportRecv))
+	for _, rd := range reportRecv {
+		pts := make([]recvDataPoint, len(rd.Points))
+		copy(pts, rd.Points)
+		recvSnap = append(recvSnap, recvSeriesData{Name: rd.Name, Points: pts})
+	}
+	reportMu.RUnlock()
+
+	sort.Slice(recvSnap, func(i, j int) bool { return recvSnap[i].Name < recvSnap[j].Name })
+
+	sentJSON, _ := json.Marshal(sentSnap)
+	recvJSON, _ := json.Marshal(recvSnap)
+
+	// Single canvas for all sent series combined.
+	var sentCanvas string
+	if len(sentSnap) == 0 {
+		sentCanvas = `<p class="no-data">No data yet — POST /start to run the test.</p>`
+	} else {
+		sentCanvas = `<div class="chart-wrap"><canvas id="sent-all"></canvas></div>`
+	}
+
+	var recvCharts strings.Builder
+	if len(recvSnap) == 0 {
+		recvCharts.WriteString(`<p class="no-data">No data received yet.</p>`)
+	} else {
+		for i, rd := range recvSnap {
+			fmt.Fprintf(&recvCharts,
+				"<h3>%s</h3><div class=\"chart-wrap\"><canvas id=\"recv-%d\"></canvas></div>\n",
+				html.EscapeString(rd.Name), i)
+		}
+	}
+
+	page := reportPageTemplate
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__GENERATED_AT__", time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339))
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__SA_YAML__", html.EscapeString(saYAMLStr))
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__SENT_COUNT__", strconv.Itoa(len(sentSnap)))
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__SENT_CANVAS__", sentCanvas)
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__RECV_COUNT__", strconv.Itoa(len(recvSnap)))
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__RECV_CHARTS__", recvCharts.String())
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__SENT_JSON__", string(sentJSON))
+	page = strings.ReplaceAll(page, "__RECV_JSON__", string(recvJSON))
+
+	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+	fmt.Fprint(w, page)
+}
+

app/test/sa_tester/report_template.go

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+package main
+
+// reportPageTemplate is the HTML skeleton for GET /report.
+// All __TOKEN__ placeholders are replaced at render time by handleReport.
+var reportPageTemplate = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head><meta charset="UTF-8">
+<title>SA Tester Report</title>
+<style>
+body{font-family:'Segoe UI',Arial,sans-serif;margin:0;padding:20px;background:#f0f2f5;color:#333}
+h1{margin-bottom:4px}
+.subtitle{color:#666;font-size:14px;margin-bottom:24px}
+.card{background:#fff;padding:20px;margin:16px 0;border-radius:8px;box-shadow:0 1px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.12)}
+h2{margin:0 0 12px;color:#444;font-size:18px;border-bottom:1px solid #eee;padding-bottom:8px}
+h3{margin:4px 0 8px;font-size:13px;font-family:monospace;color:#555;word-break:break-all}
+pre{background:#f7f7f7;padding:12px;border-radius:4px;overflow-x:auto;font-size:13px;margin:0}
+.chart-wrap{position:relative;height:340px;margin-bottom:24px}
+.no-data{color:#aaa;font-style:italic;font-size:14px}
+a{color:#1a73e8}
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>SA Tester Report</h1>
+<p class="subtitle">Generated: __GENERATED_AT__ &nbsp;|&nbsp; <a href="/report">Refresh</a></p>
+<div class="card">
+  <h2>SA Config</h2>
+  <pre>__SA_YAML__</pre>
+</div>
+<div class="card">
+  <h2>Sent Series (__SENT_COUNT__ series)</h2>
+  __SENT_CANVAS__
+</div>
+<div class="card">
+  <h2>Received Series / SA Output (__RECV_COUNT__ series)</h2>
+  __RECV_CHARTS__
+</div>
+<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/chart.js@4.4.0/dist/chart.umd.min.js"></script>
+<script>
+(function(){
+  var SENT = __SENT_JSON__;
+  var RECV = __RECV_JSON__;
+
+  var PALETTE = [
+    'rgba(54,162,235,0.85)',
+    'rgba(255,99,132,0.85)',
+    'rgba(153,102,255,0.85)',
+    'rgba(255,205,86,0.9)',
+    'rgba(75,192,192,0.85)',
+  ];
+
+  function fmtDate(d) {
+    return d.getUTCFullYear() + '-' +
+           (d.getUTCMonth()+1).toString().padStart(2,'0') + '-' +
+           d.getUTCDate().toString().padStart(2,'0');
+  }
+  function fmtTime(d) {
+    return d.getUTCHours().toString().padStart(2,'0') + ':' +
+           d.getUTCMinutes().toString().padStart(2,'0') + ':' +
+           d.getUTCSeconds().toString().padStart(2,'0');
+  }
+  // Tooltip: full datetime with milliseconds.
+  function fmtTs(sec) {
+    var d = new Date(sec * 1000);
+    return fmtDate(d) + ' ' + fmtTime(d) + '.' +
+           d.getUTCMilliseconds().toString().padStart(3,'0');
+  }
+  // Tick label: show date only when it changes (or on the first tick).
+  function fmtTick(v, idx, ticks) {
+    var d = new Date(v * 1000);
+    var dateStr = fmtDate(d);
+    var timeStr = fmtTime(d);
+    if (idx === 0) { return timeStr + ' ' + dateStr; }
+    var prev = new Date(ticks[idx - 1].value * 1000);
+    if (fmtDate(prev) !== dateStr) { return timeStr + ' ' + dateStr; }
+    return timeStr;
+  }
+
+  // Plugin: draw dashed delay-span lines directly on the canvas so they are
+  // owned by their series dataset and toggle with it.
+  var delaySpanPlugin = {
+    id: 'delaySpan',
+    afterDatasetsDraw: function(chart) {
+      var ctx2 = chart.ctx;
+      chart.data.datasets.forEach(function(ds, dsi) {
+        if (!chart.isDatasetVisible(dsi)) return;
+        var meta = chart.getDatasetMeta(dsi);
+        ds.data.forEach(function(pt, pi) {
+          if (!pt || !pt.delayed) return;
+          var el = meta.data[pi];
+          if (!el) return;
+          var xScale = chart.scales.x;
+          var yScale = chart.scales.y;
+          var x1 = el.x;
+          var x2 = xScale.getPixelForValue(pt.sentAt);
+          var y  = el.y;
+          ctx2.save();
+          ctx2.beginPath();
+          ctx2.setLineDash([5, 4]);
+          ctx2.strokeStyle = 'rgba(255,159,64,0.7)';
+          ctx2.lineWidth = 2;
+          ctx2.moveTo(x1, y);
+          ctx2.lineTo(x2, y);
+          ctx2.stroke();
+          // Arrow head at sent-at end.
+          var dir = x2 > x1 ? 1 : -1;
+          ctx2.setLineDash([]);
+          ctx2.beginPath();
+          ctx2.moveTo(x2, y);
+          ctx2.lineTo(x2 - dir * 8, y - 5);
+          ctx2.lineTo(x2 - dir * 8, y + 5);
+          ctx2.closePath();
+          ctx2.fillStyle = 'rgba(255,159,64,0.7)';
+          ctx2.fill();
+          ctx2.restore();
+        });
+      });
+    },
+  };
+
+  var sentEl = document.getElementById('sent-all');
+  if (sentEl && SENT.length > 0) {
+    var datasets = [];
+    SENT.forEach(function(s, si) {
+      var col = PALETTE[si % PALETTE.length];
+      var delayCol = 'rgba(255,159,64,0.9)';
+      var pts = s.points.filter(function(p){ return p !== null; });
+      if (pts.length === 0) return;
+      // Attach full metadata (delayed, sentAt) to each chart point so the
+      // plugin and tooltip can read it without separate datasets.
+      datasets.push({
+        type: 'scatter', label: s.name,
+        data: pts.map(function(p){
+          return {x: p.x, y: p.y, delayed: p.delayed, sentAt: p.sentAt};
+        }),
+        backgroundColor: pts.map(function(p){ return p.delayed ? delayCol : col; }),
+        pointStyle:      pts.map(function(p){ return p.delayed ? 'triangle' : 'circle'; }),
+        pointRadius:     pts.map(function(p){ return p.delayed ? 9 : 7; }),
+      });
+    });
+    new Chart(sentEl, {
+      type: 'scatter',
+      data: { datasets: datasets },
+      plugins: [delaySpanPlugin],
+      options: {
+        responsive: true, maintainAspectRatio: false,
+        plugins: {
+          legend: {
+            position: 'bottom',
+            onClick: function(e, legendItem, legend) {
+              var chart = legend.chart;
+              var idx = legendItem.datasetIndex;
+              var meta = chart.getDatasetMeta(idx);
+              var allOthersHidden = chart.data.datasets.every(function(_, i) {
+                return i === idx || !chart.isDatasetVisible(i);
+              });
+              if (allOthersHidden && !meta.hidden) {
+                // Already solo — restore all.
+                chart.data.datasets.forEach(function(_, i) { chart.show(i); });
+              } else {
+                // Solo this series.
+                chart.data.datasets.forEach(function(_, i) { chart.hide(i); });
+                chart.show(idx);
+              }
+            },
+          },
+          tooltip: { callbacks: { label: function(ctx){
+            var p = ctx.raw;
+            if (!p) return '';
+            var msg = 'value=' + p.y + '  ts=' + fmtTs(p.x);
+            if (p.delayed) {
+              var delaySec = Math.round((p.sentAt - p.x) * 10) / 10;
+              msg += '  \u2192 sent at ' + fmtTs(p.sentAt) + ' (+' + delaySec + 's)';
+            }
+            return msg;
+          }}},
+        },
+        scales: {
+          x: { type: 'linear',
+               title: { display: true, text: 'Unix timestamp (seconds UTC)' },
+               ticks: { callback: function(v, idx, ticks) { return fmtTick(v, idx, ticks); }, maxRotation: 35, minRotation: 35 } },
+          y: { title: { display: true, text: 'value' } },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+  }
+
+  RECV.forEach(function(s, i) {
+    var el = document.getElementById('recv-' + i);
+    if (!el) return;
+    var pts = s.points
+      .filter(function(p){ return p !== null && p !== undefined && typeof p.x === 'number'; })
+      .sort(function(a, b){ return a.x - b.x; });
+    new Chart(el, {
+      type: 'scatter',
+      data: { datasets: [{
+        label: s.name, data: pts,
+        backgroundColor: 'rgba(75,192,75,0.85)',
+        pointRadius: 6, pointStyle: 'circle',
+      }]},
+      options: {
+        responsive: true, maintainAspectRatio: false,
+        plugins: {
+          legend: { display: false },
+          tooltip: { callbacks: { label: function(ctx){
+            var p = ctx.raw;
+            if (p === null || p === undefined) return '';
+            return 'value=' + p.y + '  ts=' + fmtTs(p.x);
+          }}},
+        },
+        scales: {
+          x: { type: 'linear',
+               title: { display: true, text: 'Unix timestamp (seconds UTC)' },
+               ticks: { callback: function(v, idx, ticks) { return fmtTick(v, idx, ticks); }, maxRotation: 35, minRotation: 35 } },
+          y: { title: { display: true, text: 'value' } },
+        },
+      },
+    });
+  });
+})();
+</script>
+</body>
+</html>`

app/victoria-metrics/test/prom_writer.go

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import (
 func Compress(wr WriteRequest) []byte {
 	data, err := wr.Marshal()
 	if err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("BUG: cannot compress WriteRequest: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("BUG: cannot compress WriteRequest: %s", err))
 	}
 	return snappy.Encode(nil, data)
 }

app/vmalert-tool/unittest/input.go

@@ -61,15 +61,15 @@ func parseInputSeries(input []series, interval *promutil.Duration, startStamp ti
 	for _, data := range input {
 		expr, err := metricsql.Parse(data.Series)
 		if err != nil {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse series %s: %w", data.Series, err)
+			return res, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse series %s: %v", data.Series, err)
 		}
 		promvals, err := parseInputValue(data.Values, true)
 		if err != nil {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse input series value %s: %w", data.Values, err)
+			return res, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse input series value %s: %v", data.Values, err)
 		}
 		metricExpr, ok := expr.(*metricsql.MetricExpr)
 		if !ok || len(metricExpr.LabelFilterss) != 1 {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("got invalid input series %s: %w", data.Series, err)
+			return res, fmt.Errorf("got invalid input series %s: %v", data.Series, err)
 		}
 		samples := make([]testutil.Sample, 0, len(promvals))
 		ts := startStamp

app/vmalert-tool/unittest/recording.go

@@ -53,13 +53,13 @@ Outer:
 			if s.Labels != "" {
 				metricsqlExpr, err := metricsql.Parse(s.Labels)
 				if err != nil {
-					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %w", mt.Expr,
+					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %v", mt.Expr,
 						mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), fmt.Errorf("failed to parse labels %q: %w", s.Labels, err)))
 					continue Outer
 				}
 				metricsqlMetricExpr, ok := metricsqlExpr.(*metricsql.MetricExpr)
 				if !ok || len(metricsqlMetricExpr.LabelFilterss) > 1 {
-					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %w", mt.Expr,
+					checkErrs = append(checkErrs, fmt.Errorf("\n    expr: %q, time: %s, err: %v", mt.Expr,
 						mt.EvalTime.Duration().String(), fmt.Errorf("got invalid exp_samples: %q", s.Labels)))
 					continue Outer
 				}

app/vmalert-tool/unittest/unittest.go

@@ -329,11 +329,11 @@ func (tg *testGroup) test(evalInterval time.Duration, groupOrderMap map[string]i
 
 	q, err := datasource.Init(nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init datasource: %w", err)}
+		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init datasource: %v", err)}
 	}
 	rw, err := remotewrite.NewDebugClient()
 	if err != nil {
-		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init wr: %w", err)}
+		return []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to init wr: %v", err)}
 	}
 
 	alertEvalTimesMap := map[time.Duration]struct{}{}

app/vmalert/config/config.go

@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ func (r *Rule) String() string {
 	if r.Alert != "" {
 		ruleType = "alerting"
 	}
-	var b strings.Builder
-	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "%s rule %q", ruleType, r.Name())
-	fmt.Fprintf(&b, "; expr: %q", r.Expr)
+	b := strings.Builder{}
+	b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("%s rule %q", ruleType, r.Name()))
+	b.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("; expr: %q", r.Expr))
 
 	kv := sortMap(r.Labels)
 	for i := range kv {

app/vmalert/datasource/client_prom.go

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ func (pi *promInstant) Unmarshal(b []byte) error {
 		labels.Visit(func(key []byte, v *fastjson.Value) {
 			lv, errLocal := v.StringBytes()
 			if errLocal != nil {
-				err = fmt.Errorf("error when parsing label value %q: %w", v, errLocal)
+				err = fmt.Errorf("error when parsing label value %q: %s", v, errLocal)
 				return
 			}
 			r.Labels = append(r.Labels, prompb.Label{
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func (pi *promInstant) Unmarshal(b []byte) error {
 		r.Timestamps = []int64{sample[0].GetInt64()}
 		val, err := sample[1].StringBytes()
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("error when parsing `value` object %q: %w", sample[1], err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("error when parsing `value` object %q: %s", sample[1], err)
 		}
 		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(val), 64)
 		if err != nil {

app/vmalert/rule/alerting.go

@@ -601,7 +601,7 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]pr
 func (ar *AlertingRule) expandLabelTemplates(m datasource.Metric, qFn templates.QueryFn) (*labelSet, error) {
 	ls, err := ar.toLabels(m, qFn)
 	if err != nil {
-		return ls, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand label templates: %w", err)
+		return ls, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand label templates: %s", err)
 	}
 	return ls, nil
 }
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) expandAnnotationTemplates(m datasource.Metric, qFn templ
 	}
 	as, err := notifier.ExecTemplate(qFn, ar.Annotations, tplData)
 	if err != nil {
-		return as, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand annotation templates: %w", err)
+		return as, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand annotation templates: %s", err)
 	}
 	return as, nil
 }

app/vmalert/web.go

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ var (
 func marshalJson(v any, kind string) ([]byte, *httpserver.ErrorWithStatusCode) {
 	data, err := json.Marshal(v)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errResponse(fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal %s: %w", kind, err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
+		return nil, errResponse(fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal %s: %s", kind, err), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 	}
 	return data, nil
 }

app/vmauth/main_test.go

@@ -1639,7 +1639,7 @@ func (w *fakeResponseWriter) WriteHeader(statusCode int) {
 		"X-Content-Type-Options": true,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot marshal headers: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot marshal headers: %s", err))
 	}
 }
 

app/vmauth/oidc.go

@@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func fetchAndParseJWKs(ctx context.Context, jwksURI string) (*jwt.VerifierPool,
 
 	vp, err := jwt.ParseJWKs(b)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse jwks keys from %q: %w", jwksURI, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse jwks keys from %q: %v", jwksURI, err)
 	}
 
 	return vp, nil
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func getOpenIDConfiguration(ctx context.Context, issuer string) (openidConfig, e
 
 	var cfg openidConfig
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&cfg); err != nil {
-		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode openid config from %q: %w", configURL, err)
+		return openidConfig{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode openid config from %q: %s", configURL, err)
 	}
 
 	return cfg, nil

app/vmctl/influx.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func newInfluxProcessor(ic *influx.Client, im *vm.Importer, cc int, separator st
 func (ip *influxProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	series, err := ip.ic.Explore()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("explore query failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("explore query failed: %s", err)
 	}
 	if len(series) < 1 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("found no timeseries to import")
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func (ip *influxProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 			for s := range seriesCh {
 				if err := ip.do(s); err != nil {
 					influxErrorsTotal.Inc()
-					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("request failed for %q.%q: %w", s.Measurement, s.Field, err)
+					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("request failed for %q.%q: %s", s.Measurement, s.Field, err)
 					return
 				}
 				influxSeriesProcessed.Inc()
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ func (ip *influxProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for _, s := range series {
 		select {
 		case infErr := <-errCh:
-			return fmt.Errorf("influx error: %w", infErr)
+			return fmt.Errorf("influx error: %s", infErr)
 		case vmErr := <-ip.im.Errors():
 			influxErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, ip.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, ip.isVerbose))
 		case seriesCh <- s:
 		}
 	}
@@ -100,11 +100,11 @@ func (ip *influxProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for vmErr := range ip.im.Errors() {
 		if vmErr.Err != nil {
 			influxErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, ip.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, ip.isVerbose))
 		}
 	}
 	for err := range errCh {
-		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	log.Println("Import finished!")
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ const valueField = "value"
 func (ip *influxProcessor) do(s *influx.Series) error {
 	cr, err := ip.ic.FetchDataPoints(s)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch datapoints: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch datapoints: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		_ = cr.Close()

app/vmctl/influx/influx.go

@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ func NewClient(cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 	}
 	hc, err := influx.NewHTTPClient(c)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to establish conn: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to establish conn: %s", err)
 	}
 	if _, _, err := hc.Ping(time.Second); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ping failed: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ping failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	chunkSize := cfg.ChunkSize
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ func (c *Client) Explore() ([]*Series, error) {
 	// {"measurement1": ["value1", "value2"]}
 	mFields, err := c.fieldsByMeasurement()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get field keys: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get field keys: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	if len(mFields) < 1 {
@@ -165,12 +165,12 @@ func (c *Client) Explore() ([]*Series, error) {
 	// {"measurement1": {"tag1", "tag2"}}
 	measurementTags, err := c.getMeasurementTags()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get tags of measurements: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get tags of measurements: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	series, err := c.getSeries()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get series: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get series: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var iSeries []*Series
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func (cr *ChunkedResponse) Next() ([]int64, []float64, error) {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 	if resp.Error() != nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for %s: %w", cr.iq.Command, resp.Error())
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for %s: %s", cr.iq.Command, resp.Error())
 	}
 	if len(resp.Results) != 1 {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected number of results in response: %d", len(resp.Results))
@@ -265,7 +265,8 @@ func (cr *ChunkedResponse) Next() ([]int64, []float64, error) {
 	for i, fv := range fieldValues {
 		v, err := toFloat64(fv)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to convert value %q.%v to float64: %w", cr.field, v, err)
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to convert value %q.%v to float64: %s",
+				cr.field, v, err)
 		}
 		values[i] = v
 	}
@@ -293,7 +294,7 @@ func (c *Client) FetchDataPoints(s *Series) (*ChunkedResponse, error) {
 	}
 	cr, err := c.QueryAsChunk(iq)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query %q err: %w", iq.Command, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query %q err: %s", iq.Command, err)
 	}
 	return &ChunkedResponse{cr, iq, s.Field}, nil
 }
@@ -307,7 +308,7 @@ func (c *Client) fieldsByMeasurement() (map[string][]string, error) {
 	log.Printf("fetching fields: %s", stringify(q))
 	qValues, err := c.do(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %w", q.Command, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %s", q.Command, err)
 	}
 
 	var total int
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@ func (c *Client) getSeries() ([]*Series, error) {
 	log.Printf("fetching series: %s", stringify(q))
 	cr, err := c.QueryAsChunk(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %w", q.Command, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %s", q.Command, err)
 	}
 
 	const key = "key"
@@ -365,7 +366,7 @@ func (c *Client) getSeries() ([]*Series, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		if resp.Error() != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for query %q: %w", q.Command, resp.Error())
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for query %q: %s", q.Command, resp.Error())
 		}
 		qValues, err := parseResult(resp.Results[0])
 		if err != nil {
@@ -416,7 +417,7 @@ func (c *Client) getMeasurementTags() (map[string]map[string]struct{}, error) {
 	log.Printf("fetching tag keys: %s", stringify(q))
 	cr, err := c.QueryAsChunk(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %w", q.Command, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error while executing query %q: %s", q.Command, err)
 	}
 
 	const tagKey = "tagKey"
@@ -431,7 +432,7 @@ func (c *Client) getMeasurementTags() (map[string]map[string]struct{}, error) {
 			return nil, err
 		}
 		if resp.Error() != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for query %q: %w", q.Command, resp.Error())
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error for query %q: %s", q.Command, resp.Error())
 		}
 		qValues, err := parseResult(resp.Results[0])
 		if err != nil {
@@ -454,10 +455,10 @@ func (c *Client) getMeasurementTags() (map[string]map[string]struct{}, error) {
 func (c *Client) do(q influx.Query) ([]queryValues, error) {
 	res, err := c.Query(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query error: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query error: %s", err)
 	}
 	if res.Error() != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error: %w", res.Error())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error: %s", res.Error())
 	}
 	if len(res.Results) < 1 {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("query returned 0 results")

app/vmctl/influx/parser.go

@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func toFloat64(v any) (float64, error) {
 func parseDate(dateStr string) (int64, error) {
 	startTime, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, dateStr)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %q: %w", dateStr, err)
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %q: %s", dateStr, err)
 	}
 	return startTime.UnixNano() / 1e6, nil
 }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func (s *Series) unmarshal(v string) error {
 	var err error
 	s.LabelPairs, err = unmarshalTags(v[n+1:], noEscapeChars)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarhsal tags: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to unmarhsal tags: %s", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }

app/vmctl/main.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func main() {
 
 					tr, err := promauth.NewTLSTransport(certFile, keyFile, caFile, serverName, insecureSkipVerify, "vmctl_opentsdb")
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %w", otsdbAddr, addr, err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %s", otsdbAddr, addr, err)
 					}
 					oCfg := opentsdb.Config{
 						Addr:       addr,
@@ -103,17 +103,17 @@ func main() {
 					}
 					otsdbClient, err := opentsdb.NewClient(oCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create opentsdb client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create opentsdb client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err := vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					otsdbProcessor := newOtsdbProcessor(otsdbClient, importer, c.Int(otsdbConcurrency), c.Bool(globalVerbose))
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func main() {
 
 					tc, err := promauth.NewTLSConfig(certFile, keyFile, caFile, serverName, insecureSkipVerify)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					iCfg := influx.Config{
@@ -157,17 +157,17 @@ func main() {
 
 					influxClient, err := influx.NewClient(iCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create influx client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create influx client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err = vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					processor := newInfluxProcessor(
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ func main() {
 
 					tr, err := promauth.NewTLSTransport(certFile, keyFile, caFile, serverName, insecureSkipVerify, "vmctl_remoteread")
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %w", remoteReadSrcAddr, addr, err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %s", remoteReadSrcAddr, addr, err)
 					}
 
 					// Backwards compatible default values if none provided by user
@@ -227,17 +227,17 @@ func main() {
 						DisablePathAppend: c.Bool(remoteReadDisablePathAppend),
 					})
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("error create remote read client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("error create remote read client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err := vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					rmp := remoteReadProcessor{
@@ -265,12 +265,12 @@ func main() {
 
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err = vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					promCfg := prometheus.Config{
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ func main() {
 					}
 					cl, err := prometheus.NewClient(promCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create prometheus client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create prometheus client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					pp := prometheusProcessor{
@@ -307,12 +307,12 @@ func main() {
 
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err = vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					mCfg := mimir.Config{
@@ -335,7 +335,7 @@ func main() {
 					}
 					cl, err := mimir.NewClient(ctx, mCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create mimir client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create mimir client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					pp := prometheusProcessor{
@@ -356,12 +356,12 @@ func main() {
 					fmt.Println("Thanos import mode")
 					vmCfg, err := initConfigVM(c)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to init VM configuration: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					importer, err = vm.NewImporter(ctx, vmCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create VM importer: %s", err)
 					}
 					thanosCfg := thanos.Config{
 						Snapshot: c.String(thanosSnapshot),
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ func main() {
 					}
 					cl, err := thanos.NewClient(thanosCfg)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create thanos client: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create thanos client: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					var aggrTypes []thanos.AggrType
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ func main() {
 						for _, typeStr := range aggrTypesStr {
 							aggrType, err := thanos.ParseAggrType(typeStr)
 							if err != nil {
-								return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse aggregate type %q: %w", typeStr, err)
+								return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse aggregate type %q: %s", typeStr, err)
 							}
 							aggrTypes = append(aggrTypes, aggrType)
 						}
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ func main() {
 					bfMinDuration := c.Duration(vmNativeBackoffMinDuration)
 					bf, err := backoff.New(bfRetries, bfFactor, bfMinDuration)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create backoff object: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create backoff object: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					disableKeepAlive := c.Bool(vmNativeDisableHTTPKeepAlive)
@@ -439,7 +439,7 @@ func main() {
 
 					srcTC, err := promauth.NewTLSConfig(srcCertFile, srcKeyFile, srcCAFile, srcServerName, srcInsecureSkipVerify)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					trSrc := httputil.NewTransport(false, "vmctl_src")
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ func main() {
 
 					dstTC, err := promauth.NewTLSConfig(dstCertFile, dstKeyFile, dstCAFile, dstServerName, dstInsecureSkipVerify)
 					if err != nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %w", err)
+						return fmt.Errorf("failed to create TLS Config: %s", err)
 					}
 
 					trDst := httputil.NewTransport(false, "vmctl_dst")
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@ func main() {
 					log.Printf("verifying block at path=%q", blockPath)
 					f, err := os.OpenFile(blockPath, os.O_RDONLY, 0600)
 					if err != nil {
-						return cli.Exit(fmt.Errorf("cannot open exported block at path=%q: %w", blockPath, err), 1)
+						return cli.Exit(fmt.Errorf("cannot open exported block at path=%q err=%w", blockPath, err), 1)
 					}
 					defer f.Close()
 					var blocksCount atomic.Uint64
@@ -542,7 +542,7 @@ func main() {
 						blocksCount.Add(1)
 						return nil
 					}); err != nil {
-						return cli.Exit(fmt.Errorf("cannot parse block at path=%q, blocksCount=%d: %w", blockPath, blocksCount.Load(), err), 1)
+						return cli.Exit(fmt.Errorf("cannot parse block at path=%q, blocksCount=%d, err=%w", blockPath, blocksCount.Load(), err), 1)
 					}
 					log.Printf("successfully verified block at path=%q, blockCount=%d", blockPath, blocksCount.Load())
 					return nil
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ func initConfigVM(c *cli.Context) (vm.Config, error) {
 
 	tr, err := promauth.NewTLSTransport(certFile, keyFile, caFile, serverName, insecureSkipVerify, "vmctl_client")
 	if err != nil {
-		return vm.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %w", vmAddr, addr, err)
+		return vm.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport for -%s=%q: %s", vmAddr, addr, err)
 	}
 
 	bfRetries := c.Int(vmBackoffRetries)
@@ -593,7 +593,7 @@ func initConfigVM(c *cli.Context) (vm.Config, error) {
 	bfMinDuration := c.Duration(vmBackoffMinDuration)
 	bf, err := backoff.New(bfRetries, bfFactor, bfMinDuration)
 	if err != nil {
-		return vm.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to create backoff object: %w", err)
+		return vm.Config{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to create backoff object: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return vm.Config{

app/vmctl/mimir/lazyreader.go

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) initialize() error {
 	// fetching block and parse it and store it in lbr.reader
 	temp, err := lbr.mkTempDir()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	lbr.tempDirPath = temp
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) initialize() error {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch chunk file: %q: %w", chunkName, err)
 		}
 		if err := lbr.writeFile(temp, blockChunkPath, chunk); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to write chunk file: %q: %w", chunkName, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to write chunk file: %q: %s", chunkName, err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) Meta() tsdb.BlockMeta {
 // Size returns the number of bytes that the block takes up on disk.
 func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) Size() int64 {
 	if err := lbr.initialize(); err != nil {
-		lbr.err = fmt.Errorf("error get Size of the block: %w, return zero size", err)
+		lbr.err = fmt.Errorf("error get Size of the block: %s, return zero size", err)
 		return 0
 	}
 	return lbr.reader.Size()
@@ -167,11 +167,11 @@ func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) Close() error {
 func (lbr *lazyBlockReader) mkTempDir() (string, error) {
 	temp, err := os.MkdirTemp("", lbr.ID.String())
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %s", err)
 	}
 	err = os.Mkdir(filepath.Join(temp, "chunks"), os.ModePerm)
 	if err != nil {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %w", err)
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("failed to create temp dir: %s", err)
 	}
 	return temp, nil
 }

app/vmctl/mimir/mimir.go

@@ -133,11 +133,11 @@ func NewClient(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 	c.RemoteFS = rfs
 	timeMin, err := utils.ParseTime(cfg.Filter.TimeMin)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse min time in filter: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse min time in filter: %s", err)
 	}
 	timeMax, err := utils.ParseTime(cfg.Filter.TimeMax)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse max time in filter: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse max time in filter: %s", err)
 	}
 	c.filter = filter{
 		min:        timeMin.UnixMilli(),
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func (c *Client) Explore() ([]tsdb.BlockReader, error) {
 
 	indexFile, err := c.fetchIndexFile()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch index file: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch index file: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var blocksToImport []tsdb.BlockReader
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func (c *Client) Explore() ([]tsdb.BlockReader, error) {
 
 		lazyBlockReader, err := newLazyBlockReader(block, c.RemoteFS)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create lazy block reader: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create lazy block reader: %s", err)
 		}
 		blocksToImport = append(blocksToImport, lazyBlockReader)
 	}
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func (c *Client) Explore() ([]tsdb.BlockReader, error) {
 func (c *Client) Read(ctx context.Context, block tsdb.BlockReader) (*prometheus.CloseableSeriesSet, error) {
 	meta := block.Meta()
 	if b, ok := block.(*lazyBlockReader); ok && b.Err() != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %w", b.Err())
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %s", b.Err())
 	}
 
 	if meta.ULID.String() == "" {
@@ -218,20 +218,20 @@ func (c *Client) fetchIndexFile() (*Index, error) {
 
 	file, err := c.ReadFile(bucketIndexCompressedFilename)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read bucket index: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read bucket index: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	r := bytes.NewReader(file)
 	// Read all the content.
 	gzipReader, err := gzip.NewReader(r)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create gzip reader: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create gzip reader: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var indexFile Index
 	err = json.NewDecoder(gzipReader).Decode(&indexFile)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode bucket index: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to decode bucket index: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return &indexFile, nil

app/vmctl/native/client.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (c *Client) Explore(ctx context.Context, f Filter, tenantID string, start,
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		exploreRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %w", url, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %s", url, err)
 	}
 
 	params := req.URL.Query()
@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ func (c *Client) Explore(ctx context.Context, f Filter, tenantID string, start,
 	if err != nil {
 		exploreRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
 		exploreDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("series request failed: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("series request failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var response Response
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&response); err != nil {
 		exploreRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
 		exploreDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot decode series response: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot decode series response: %s", err)
 	}
 	exploreDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
 	return response.MetricNames, resp.Body.Close()
@@ -80,19 +80,19 @@ func (c *Client) ImportPipe(ctx context.Context, dstURL string, pr *io.PipeReade
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodPost, dstURL, pr)
 	if err != nil {
 		importRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create import request to %q: %w", c.Addr, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create import request to %q: %s", c.Addr, err)
 	}
 
 	importResp, err := c.do(req, http.StatusNoContent)
 	if err != nil {
 		importRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
 		importDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
-		return fmt.Errorf("import request failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import request failed: %s", err)
 	}
 	if err := importResp.Body.Close(); err != nil {
 		importRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
 		importDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot close import response body: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot close import response body: %s", err)
 	}
 	importDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
 	return nil
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func (c *Client) ExportPipe(ctx context.Context, url string, f Filter) (io.ReadC
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		exportRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %w", c.Addr, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %s", c.Addr, err)
 	}
 
 	params := req.URL.Query()
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ func (c *Client) GetSourceTenants(ctx context.Context, f Filter) ([]string, erro
 	u := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", c.Addr, nativeTenantsAddr)
 	req, err := http.NewRequestWithContext(ctx, http.MethodGet, u, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %w", u, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %s", u, err)
 	}
 
 	params := req.URL.Query()
@@ -150,18 +150,18 @@ func (c *Client) GetSourceTenants(ctx context.Context, f Filter) ([]string, erro
 
 	resp, err := c.do(req, http.StatusOK)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("tenants request failed: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("tenants request failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var r struct {
 		Tenants []string `json:"data"`
 	}
 	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&r); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot decode tenants response: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot decode tenants response: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	if err := resp.Body.Close(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot close tenants response body: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot close tenants response body: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return r.Tenants, nil
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ func (c *Client) do(req *http.Request, expSC int) (*http.Response, error) {
 	if resp.StatusCode != expSC {
 		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response body for status code %d: %w", resp.StatusCode, err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response body for status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, err)
 		}
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, string(body))
 	}

app/vmctl/opentsdb.go

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		q := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/suggest?type=metrics&q=%s&max=%d", op.oc.Addr, filter, op.oc.Limit)
 		m, err := op.oc.FindMetrics(q)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("metric discovery failed for %q: %w", q, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("metric discovery failed for %q: %s", q, err)
 		}
 		metrics = append(metrics, m...)
 	}
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		log.Printf("Starting work on %s", metric)
 		serieslist, err := op.oc.FindSeries(metric)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("couldn't retrieve series list for %s: %w", metric, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("couldn't retrieve series list for %s : %s", metric, err)
 		}
 		/*
 			Create channels for collecting/processing series and errors
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 				for s := range seriesCh {
 					if err := op.do(s); err != nil {
 						otsdbErrorsTotal.Inc()
-						errCh <- fmt.Errorf("couldn't retrieve series for %s: %w", metric, err)
+						errCh <- fmt.Errorf("couldn't retrieve series for %s : %s", metric, err)
 						return
 					}
 					otsdbSeriesProcessed.Inc()
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		// check for any lingering errors on the query side
 		for otsdbErr := range errCh {
 			if runErr == nil {
-				runErr = fmt.Errorf("import process failed:\n%w", otsdbErr)
+				runErr = fmt.Errorf("import process failed: \n%s", otsdbErr)
 			}
 		}
 		bar.Finish()
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for vmErr := range op.im.Errors() {
 		if vmErr.Err != nil {
 			otsdbErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, op.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, op.isVerbose))
 		}
 	}
 	log.Println("Import finished!")
@@ -141,12 +141,12 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) sendQueries(ctx context.Context, serieslist []opentsdb
 			for _, tr := range rt.QueryRanges {
 				select {
 				case <-ctx.Done():
-					return fmt.Errorf("context canceled: %w", ctx.Err())
+					return fmt.Errorf("context canceled: %s", ctx.Err())
 				case otsdbErr := <-errCh:
 					otsdbErrorsTotal.Inc()
-					return fmt.Errorf("opentsdb error: %w", otsdbErr)
+					return fmt.Errorf("opentsdb error: %s", otsdbErr)
 				case vmErr := <-op.im.Errors():
-					return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, op.isVerbose))
+					return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, op.isVerbose))
 				case seriesCh <- queryObj{
 					Tr: tr, StartTime: startTime,
 					Series: series, Rt: opentsdb.RetentionMeta{
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ func (op *otsdbProcessor) do(s queryObj) error {
 	end := s.StartTime - s.Tr.End
 	data, err := op.oc.GetData(s.Series, s.Rt, start, end, op.oc.MsecsTime)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to collect data for %v in %v:%v :: %w", s.Series, s.Rt, s.Tr, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to collect data for %v in %v:%v :: %v", s.Series, s.Rt, s.Tr, err)
 	}
 	if len(data.Timestamps) < 1 || len(data.Values) < 1 {
 		log.Printf("no data found for %v in %v:%v...skipping", s.Series, s.Rt, s.Tr)

app/vmctl/opentsdb/opentsdb.go

@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func (c Client) FindMetrics(q string) ([]string, error) {
 
 	resp, err := c.c.Get(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
 	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
@@ -114,12 +114,12 @@ func (c Client) FindMetrics(q string) ([]string, error) {
 	}
 	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not retrieve metric data from %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not retrieve metric data from %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	var metriclist []string
 	err = json.Unmarshal(body, &metriclist)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response from %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response from %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	return metriclist, nil
 }
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ func (c Client) FindSeries(metric string) ([]Meta, error) {
 	q := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/search/lookup?m=%s&limit=%d", c.Addr, metric, c.Limit)
 	resp, err := c.c.Get(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
 	if resp.StatusCode != 200 {
@@ -138,12 +138,12 @@ func (c Client) FindSeries(metric string) ([]Meta, error) {
 	}
 	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not retrieve series data from %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not retrieve series data from %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	var results MetaResults
 	err = json.Unmarshal(body, &results)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response from %q: %w", q, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read response from %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	return results.Results, nil
 }
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func (c Client) GetData(series Meta, rt RetentionMeta, start int64, end int64, m
 	q := fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/query?%s", c.Addr, queryStr)
 	resp, err := c.c.Get(q)
 	if err != nil {
-		return Metric{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %w", q, err)
+		return Metric{}, fmt.Errorf("failed to send GET request to %q: %s", q, err)
 	}
 	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
 	/*
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ func NewClient(cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 	for _, r := range cfg.Retentions {
 		ret, err := convertRetention(r, offsetSecs, cfg.MsecsTime)
 		if err != nil {
-			return &Client{}, fmt.Errorf("couldn't parse retention %q :: %w", r, err)
+			return &Client{}, fmt.Errorf("couldn't parse retention %q :: %v", r, err)
 		}
 		retentions = append(retentions, ret)
 	}

app/vmctl/opentsdb/parser.go

@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func convertRetention(retention string, offset int64, msecTime bool) (Retention,
 	}
 	queryLengthDuration, err := convertDuration(chunks[2])
 	if err != nil {
-		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid ttl (second order) duration string: %q: %w", chunks[2], err)
+		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid ttl (second order) duration string: %q: %s", chunks[2], err)
 	}
 	// set ttl in milliseconds, unless we aren't using millisecond time in OpenTSDB...then use seconds
 	queryLength := queryLengthDuration.Milliseconds()
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ func convertRetention(retention string, offset int64, msecTime bool) (Retention,
 
 	aggTimeDuration, err := convertDuration(aggregates[1])
 	if err != nil {
-		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid aggregation time duration string: %q: %w", aggregates[1], err)
+		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid aggregation time duration string: %q: %s", aggregates[1], err)
 	}
 	aggTime := aggTimeDuration.Milliseconds()
 	if !msecTime {
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func convertRetention(retention string, offset int64, msecTime bool) (Retention,
 
 	rowLengthDuration, err := convertDuration(chunks[1])
 	if err != nil {
-		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid row length (first order) duration string: %q: %w", chunks[1], err)
+		return Retention{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid row length (first order) duration string: %q: %s", chunks[1], err)
 	}
 	// set length of each row in milliseconds, unless we aren't using millisecond time in OpenTSDB...then use seconds
 	rowLength := rowLengthDuration.Milliseconds()

app/vmctl/prometheus.go

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ type prometheusProcessor struct {
 func (pp *prometheusProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	blocks, err := pp.cl.Explore()
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("explore failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("explore failed: %s", err)
 	}
 	if len(blocks) < 1 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("found no blocks to import")
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func (pp *prometheusProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	if err := pp.processBlocks(ctx, blocks); err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("migration failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("migration failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	log.Println("Import finished!")
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func (pp *prometheusProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 func (pp *prometheusProcessor) do(ctx context.Context, b tsdb.BlockReader) error {
 	css, err := pp.cl.Read(ctx, b)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		if err := css.Close(); err != nil {
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func (pp *prometheusProcessor) processBlocks(ctx context.Context, blocks []tsdb.
 			for br := range blockReadersCh {
 				if err := pp.do(ctx, br); err != nil {
 					promErrorsTotal.Inc()
-					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("cannot read block %q: %w", br.Meta().ULID, err)
+					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("cannot read block %q: %s", br.Meta().ULID, err)
 					return
 				}
 				if cb, ok := br.(io.Closer); ok {
@@ -164,11 +164,11 @@ func (pp *prometheusProcessor) processBlocks(ctx context.Context, blocks []tsdb.
 		select {
 		case promErr := <-errCh:
 			close(blockReadersCh)
-			return fmt.Errorf("prometheus error: %w", promErr)
+			return fmt.Errorf("prometheus error: %s", promErr)
 		case vmErr := <-pp.im.Errors():
 			close(blockReadersCh)
 			promErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, pp.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, pp.isVerbose))
 		case blockReadersCh <- br:
 		}
 	}
@@ -182,11 +182,11 @@ func (pp *prometheusProcessor) processBlocks(ctx context.Context, blocks []tsdb.
 	for vmErr := range pp.im.Errors() {
 		if vmErr.Err != nil {
 			promErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, pp.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, pp.isVerbose))
 		}
 	}
 	for err := range errCh {
-		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil

app/vmctl/prometheus/prometheus.go

@@ -59,12 +59,12 @@ func (f filter) inRange(minV, maxV int64) bool {
 func NewClient(cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 	db, err := tsdb.OpenDBReadOnly(cfg.Snapshot, cfg.TemporaryDir, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open snapshot %q: %w", cfg.Snapshot, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to open snapshot %q: %s", cfg.Snapshot, err)
 	}
 	c := &Client{DBReadOnly: db}
 	timeMin, timeMax, err := parseTime(cfg.Filter.TimeMin, cfg.Filter.TimeMax)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse time in filter: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse time in filter: %s", err)
 	}
 	c.filter = filter{
 		min:        timeMin,
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func NewClient(cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 func (c *Client) Explore() ([]tsdb.BlockReader, error) {
 	blocks, err := c.Blocks()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch blocks: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to fetch blocks: %s", err)
 	}
 	s := &vmctlutil.Stats{
 		Filtered: c.filter.min != 0 || c.filter.max != 0 || c.filter.label != "",
@@ -142,14 +142,14 @@ func parseTime(start, end string) (int64, int64, error) {
 	if start != "" {
 		v, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, start)
 		if err != nil {
-			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", start, err)
+			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", start, err)
 		}
 		s = v.UnixNano() / int64(time.Millisecond)
 	}
 	if end != "" {
 		v, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, end)
 		if err != nil {
-			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", end, err)
+			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", end, err)
 		}
 		e = v.UnixNano() / int64(time.Millisecond)
 	}

app/vmctl/remoteread.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func (rrp *remoteReadProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 	ranges, err := stepper.SplitDateRange(*rrp.filter.timeStart, *rrp.filter.timeEnd, rrp.filter.chunk, rrp.filter.timeReverse)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create date ranges for the given time filters: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create date ranges for the given time filters: %v", err)
 	}
 
 	question := fmt.Sprintf("Selected time range %q - %q will be split into %d ranges according to %q step. Continue?",
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func (rrp *remoteReadProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 			for r := range rangeC {
 				if err := rrp.do(ctx, r); err != nil {
 					remoteReadErrorsTotal.Inc()
-					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("request failed for: %w", err)
+					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("request failed for: %s", err)
 					return
 				}
 				remoteReadRangesProcessed.Inc()
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@ func (rrp *remoteReadProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for _, r := range ranges {
 		select {
 		case infErr := <-errCh:
-			return fmt.Errorf("remote read error: %w", infErr)
+			return fmt.Errorf("remote read error: %s", infErr)
 		case vmErr := <-rrp.dst.Errors():
 			remoteReadErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, rrp.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, rrp.isVerbose))
 		case rangeC <- &remoteread.Filter{
 			StartTimestampMs: r[0].UnixMilli(),
 			EndTimestampMs:   r[1].UnixMilli(),
@@ -105,11 +105,11 @@ func (rrp *remoteReadProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for vmErr := range rrp.dst.Errors() {
 		if vmErr.Err != nil {
 			remoteReadErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, rrp.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, rrp.isVerbose))
 		}
 	}
 	for err := range errCh {
-		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func (rrp *remoteReadProcessor) do(ctx context.Context, filter *remoteread.Filte
 	return rrp.src.Read(ctx, filter, func(series *vm.TimeSeries) error {
 		if err := rrp.dst.Input(series); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf(
-				"failed to read data for time range start: %d, end: %d: %w",
+				"failed to read data for time range start: %d, end: %d, %s",
 				filter.StartTimestampMs, filter.EndTimestampMs, err)
 		}
 		return nil

app/vmctl/remoteread/remoteread.go

@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (c *Client) Read(ctx context.Context, filter *Filter, streamCb StreamCallba
 		if errors.Is(err, context.Canceled) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("fetch request has ben cancelled")
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("error while fetching data from remote storage: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("error while fetching data from remote storage: %s", err)
 	}
 	return nil
 }

app/vmctl/thanos/client.go

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ func (f filter) inRange(minV, maxV int64) bool {
 func NewClient(cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 	minTime, maxTime, err := parseTime(cfg.Filter.TimeMin, cfg.Filter.TimeMax)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse time in filter: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse time in filter: %s", err)
 	}
 	return &Client{
 		snapshotPath: cfg.Snapshot,
@@ -183,14 +183,14 @@ func parseTime(start, end string) (int64, int64, error) {
 	if start != "" {
 		v, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, start)
 		if err != nil {
-			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", start, err)
+			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", start, err)
 		}
 		s = v.UnixNano() / int64(time.Millisecond)
 	}
 	if end != "" {
 		v, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, end)
 		if err != nil {
-			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", end, err)
+			return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", end, err)
 		}
 		e = v.UnixNano() / int64(time.Millisecond)
 	}

app/vmctl/thanos_processor.go

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	// Use the first aggregate type to explore blocks (block list is the same for all types)
 	blocks, err := tp.cl.Explore(tp.aggrTypes[0])
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("explore failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("explore failed: %s", err)
 	}
 	if len(blocks) < 1 {
 		return fmt.Errorf("found no blocks to import")
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		log.Println("Processing raw blocks (resolution=0)...")
 		stats, err := tp.processBlocks(rawBlocks, thanos.AggrTypeNone, bar)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for raw blocks: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for raw blocks: %s", err)
 		}
 		phases = append(phases, phaseStats{
 			name:    "raw",
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 		aggrBlocks, err := tp.cl.Explore(aggrType)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("explore failed for aggr type %s: %w", aggrType, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("explore failed for aggr type %s: %s", aggrType, err)
 		}
 
 		var downsampledOnly []thanos.BlockInfo
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		stats, err := tp.processBlocks(downsampledOnly, aggrType, bar)
 		thanos.CloseBlocks(aggrBlocks)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for aggr type %s: %w", aggrType, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed for aggr type %s: %s", aggrType, err)
 		}
 		phases = append(phases, phaseStats{
 			name:    aggrType.String(),
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 	for vmErr := range tp.im.Errors() {
 		if vmErr.Err != nil {
 			thanosErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, tp.isVerbose))
+			return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, tp.isVerbose))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) processBlocks(blocks []thanos.BlockInfo, aggrType tha
 				seriesCount, samplesCount, err := tp.do(bi, aggrType)
 				if err != nil {
 					thanosErrorsTotal.Inc()
-					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("read failed for block %q with aggr %s: %w", bi.Block.Meta().ULID, aggrType, err)
+					errCh <- fmt.Errorf("read failed for block %q with aggr %s: %s", bi.Block.Meta().ULID, aggrType, err)
 					return
 				}
 
@@ -209,12 +209,12 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) processBlocks(blocks []thanos.BlockInfo, aggrType tha
 		case thanosErr := <-errCh:
 			close(blockReadersCh)
 			wg.Wait()
-			return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("thanos error: %w", thanosErr)
+			return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("thanos error: %s", thanosErr)
 		case vmErr := <-tp.im.Errors():
 			close(blockReadersCh)
 			wg.Wait()
 			thanosErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", wrapErr(vmErr, tp.isVerbose))
+			return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", wrapErr(vmErr, tp.isVerbose))
 		case blockReadersCh <- bi:
 		}
 	}
@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) processBlocks(blocks []thanos.BlockInfo, aggrType tha
 	wg.Wait()
 	close(errCh)
 	for err := range errCh {
-		return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", err)
+		return processBlocksStats{}, fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return processBlocksStats{
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ func (tp *thanosProcessor) processBlocks(blocks []thanos.BlockInfo, aggrType tha
 func (tp *thanosProcessor) do(bi thanos.BlockInfo, aggrType thanos.AggrType) (uint64, uint64, error) {
 	ss, err := tp.cl.Read(bi)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %w", err)
+		return 0, 0, fmt.Errorf("failed to read block: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer ss.Close() // Ensure querier is closed even on early returns
 

app/vmctl/vm/vm.go

@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func NewImporter(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*Importer, error) {
 		importDuration:            metrics.GetOrCreateHistogram(`vmctl_importer_request_duration_seconds`),
 	}
 	if err := im.Ping(); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ping to %q failed: %w", addr, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("ping to %q failed: %s", addr, err)
 	}
 
 	if cfg.BatchSize < 1 {
@@ -289,7 +289,7 @@ func (im *Importer) flush(ctx context.Context, b []*TimeSeries) error {
 	retryableFunc := func() error { return im.Import(b) }
 	attempts, err := im.backoff.Retry(ctx, retryableFunc)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("import failed with %d retries: %w", attempts, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import failed with %d retries: %s", attempts, err)
 	}
 	im.s.Lock()
 	im.s.retries = attempts
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func (im *Importer) Ping() error {
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("%s/health", im.addr)
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodGet, url, nil)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %w", im.addr, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %s", im.addr, err)
 	}
 	if im.user != "" {
 		req.SetBasicAuth(im.user, im.password)
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func (im *Importer) Import(tsBatch []*TimeSeries) error {
 	req, err := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, im.importPath, pr)
 	if err != nil {
 		im.importRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
-		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %w", im.addr, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot create request to %q: %s", im.addr, err)
 	}
 	if im.user != "" {
 		req.SetBasicAuth(im.user, im.password)
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ func (im *Importer) Import(tsBatch []*TimeSeries) error {
 		zw, err := gzip.NewWriterLevel(w, 1)
 		if err != nil {
 			im.importRequestsErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when creating gzip writer: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when creating gzip writer: %s", err)
 		}
 		w = zw
 	}
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@ var ErrBadRequest = errors.New("bad request")
 func (im *Importer) do(req *http.Request) error {
 	resp, err := im.client.Do(req)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when performing request: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when performing request: %s", err)
 	}
 	defer func() {
 		_ = resp.Body.Close()
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ func (im *Importer) do(req *http.Request) error {
 	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 		body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read response body for status code %d: %w", resp.StatusCode, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read response body for status code %d: %s", resp.StatusCode, err)
 		}
 		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusBadRequest {
 			return fmt.Errorf("%w: unexpected response code %d: %s", ErrBadRequest, resp.StatusCode, string(body))

app/vmctl/vm_native.go

@@ -55,14 +55,14 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 	start, err := vmctlutil.ParseTime(p.filter.TimeStart)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s, provided: %s: %w", vmNativeFilterTimeStart, p.filter.TimeStart, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s, provided: %s, error: %w", vmNativeFilterTimeStart, p.filter.TimeStart, err)
 	}
 
 	end := time.Now().In(start.Location())
 	if p.filter.TimeEnd != "" {
 		end, err = vmctlutil.ParseTime(p.filter.TimeEnd)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s, provided: %s: %w", vmNativeFilterTimeEnd, p.filter.TimeEnd, err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s, provided: %s, error: %w", vmNativeFilterTimeEnd, p.filter.TimeEnd, err)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) run(ctx context.Context) error {
 		err := p.runBackfilling(ctx, tenantID, ranges)
 		if err != nil {
 			migrationErrorsTotal.Inc()
-			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("migration failed: %s", err)
 		}
 
 		if p.interCluster {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) runSingle(ctx context.Context, f native.Filter, srcU
 			}
 		default:
 		}
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write into %q: %w", p.dst.Addr, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to write into %q: %s", p.dst.Addr, err)
 	}
 
 	p.s.Lock()
@@ -184,7 +184,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) runBackfilling(ctx context.Context, tenantID string,
 
 	importAddr, err := vm.AddExtraLabelsToImportPath(importAddr, p.dst.ExtraLabels)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to add labels to import path: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to add labels to import path: %s", err)
 	}
 	dstURL := fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", p.dst.Addr, importAddr)
 
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) runBackfilling(ctx context.Context, tenantID string,
 		format = fmt.Sprintf(nativeWithBackoffTpl, barPrefix)
 		metricsMap, err = p.explore(ctx, p.src, tenantID, ranges)
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to explore metric names: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to explore metric names: %s", err)
 		}
 		if len(metricsMap) == 0 {
 			errMsg := "no metrics found"
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) runBackfilling(ctx context.Context, tenantID string,
 			case <-ctx.Done():
 				return fmt.Errorf("context canceled")
 			case infErr := <-errCh:
-				return fmt.Errorf("export/import error: %w", infErr)
+				return fmt.Errorf("export/import error: %s", infErr)
 			case filterCh <- native.Filter{
 				Match:     match,
 				TimeStart: times[0].Format(time.RFC3339),
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ func (p *vmNativeProcessor) runBackfilling(ctx context.Context, tenantID string,
 	close(errCh)
 
 	for err := range errCh {
-		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("import process failed: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return nil

app/vmstorage/main.go

@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ func (vms *VMStorage) requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) boo
 			dealine, err = strconv.Atoi(deadlineStr)
 			if err != nil {
 				logger.Errorf("cannot parse `seconds` arg %q: %s", deadlineStr, err)
-				jsonResponseError(w, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse `seconds` arg %q: %w", deadlineStr, err))
+				jsonResponseError(w, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse `seconds` arg %q: %s", deadlineStr, err))
 				return true
 			}
 		}

app/vmui/packages/vmui/package.json

@@ -21,16 +21,16 @@
   },
   "dependencies": {
     "classnames": "^2.5.1",
-    "dayjs": "^1.11.21",
+    "dayjs": "^1.11.20",
     "lodash.debounce": "^4.0.8",
-    "marked": "^18.0.5",
-    "preact": "^10.29.2",
-    "qs": "^6.15.2",
+    "marked": "^18.0.2",
+    "preact": "^10.29.1",
+    "qs": "^6.15.1",
     "react-input-mask": "^2.0.4",
-    "react-router-dom": "^7.17.0",
+    "react-router-dom": "^7.14.1",
     "uplot": "^1.6.32",
-    "vite": "^8.0.16",
-    "web-vitals": "^5.3.0"
+    "vite": "^8.0.8",
+    "web-vitals": "^5.2.0"
   },
   "devDependencies": {
     "@eslint/eslintrc": "^3.3.5",
@@ -39,24 +39,24 @@
     "@testing-library/jest-dom": "^6.9.1",
     "@testing-library/preact": "^3.2.4",
     "@types/lodash.debounce": "^4.0.9",
-    "@types/node": "^25.9.2",
-    "@types/qs": "^6.15.1",
-    "@types/react": "^19.2.17",
+    "@types/node": "^25.6.0",
+    "@types/qs": "^6.15.0",
+    "@types/react": "^19.2.14",
     "@types/react-input-mask": "^3.0.6",
     "@types/react-router-dom": "^5.3.3",
-    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.61.0",
-    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.61.0",
+    "@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin": "^8.58.2",
+    "@typescript-eslint/parser": "^8.58.2",
     "cross-env": "^10.1.0",
     "eslint": "^9.39.2",
     "eslint-plugin-react": "^7.37.5",
     "eslint-plugin-unused-imports": "^4.4.1",
-    "globals": "^17.6.0",
-    "http-proxy-middleware": "^4.1.0",
-    "jsdom": "^29.1.1",
-    "postcss": "^8.5.15",
-    "sass-embedded": "^1.100.0",
-    "typescript": "^6.0.3",
-    "vitest": "^4.1.8"
+    "globals": "^17.5.0",
+    "http-proxy-middleware": "^3.0.5",
+    "jsdom": "^29.0.2",
+    "postcss": "^8.5.10",
+    "sass-embedded": "^1.99.0",
+    "typescript": "^6.0.2",
+    "vitest": "^4.1.4"
   },
   "browserslist": {
     "production": [

apptest/client.go

@@ -156,14 +156,14 @@ func readAllAndClose(t *testing.T, responseBody io.ReadCloser) string {
 //
 // This type is expected to be embedded by the apps that serve metrics.
 type metricsClient struct {
-	cli *Client
-	url string
+	metricsCli *Client
+	url        string
 }
 
 func newMetricsClient(cli *Client, addr string) *metricsClient {
 	return &metricsClient{
-		cli: cli,
-		url: fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/metrics", addr),
+		metricsCli: cli,
+		url:        fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/metrics", addr),
 	}
 }
 
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func (c *metricsClient) GetIntMetric(t *testing.T, metricName string) int {
 func (c *metricsClient) GetMetric(t *testing.T, metricName string) float64 {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	metrics, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
+	metrics, statusCode := c.metricsCli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ func (c *metricsClient) GetMetricsByPrefix(t *testing.T, prefix string) []float6
 
 	values := []float64{}
 
-	metrics, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
+	metrics, statusCode := c.metricsCli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ func (c *metricsClient) GetMetricsByRegexp(t *testing.T, re *regexp.Regexp) []fl
 
 	values := []float64{}
 
-	metrics, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
+	metrics, statusCode := c.metricsCli.Get(t, c.url, nil)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ func (c *metricsClient) rpcRowsSentTotal(t *testing.T) int {
 }
 
 type vmselectClient struct {
-	cli                      *Client
+	vmselectCli              *Client
 	url                      func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string
 	metricNamesStatsResetURL string
 	tenantsURL               string
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1Export(t *testing.T, query string, opts
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", query)
 	values.Add("format", "promapi")
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1QueryResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1ExportNative(t *testing.T, query string,
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", query)
 	values.Add("format", "promapi")
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return []byte(res)
 }
 
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1Query(t *testing.T, query string, opts Q
 	url := c.url("select", "prometheus/api/v1/query", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("query", query)
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1QueryResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1QueryRange(t *testing.T, query string, o
 	url := c.url("select", "prometheus/api/v1/query_range", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("query", query)
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1QueryResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -342,7 +342,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1Series(t *testing.T, matchQuery string,
 	url := c.url("select", "prometheus/api/v1/series", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", matchQuery)
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1SeriesResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1SeriesCount(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts
 	t.Helper()
 	url := c.url("select", "prometheus/api/v1/series/count", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1SeriesCountResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1Labels(t *testing.T, matchQuery string,
 	url := c.url("select", "prometheus/api/v1/labels", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", matchQuery)
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1LabelsResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1LabelValues(t *testing.T, labelName, mat
 	url := c.url("select", path, opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", matchQuery)
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1LabelValuesResponse(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -394,7 +394,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1Metadata(t *testing.T, metric string, li
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("metric", metric)
 	values.Add("limit", strconv.Itoa(limit))
-	res, _ := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, _ := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	return NewPrometheusAPIV1Metadata(t, res)
 }
 
@@ -408,7 +408,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1AdminTSDBDeleteSeries(t *testing.T, matc
 	url := c.url("delete", "prometheus/api/v1/admin/tsdb/delete_series", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("match[]", matchQuery)
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent, res)
 	}
@@ -426,7 +426,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1StatusMetricNamesStats(t *testing.T, lim
 	values.Add("limit", limit)
 	values.Add("le", le)
 	values.Add("match_pattern", matchPattern)
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, res)
 	}
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1StatusTSDB(t *testing.T, matchQuery stri
 	addNonEmpty("match[]", matchQuery)
 	addNonEmpty("topN", topN)
 	addNonEmpty("date", date)
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, res)
 	}
@@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteMetricsIndex(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) Grap
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := c.url("select", "graphite/metrics/index.json", opts)
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, url, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.Get(t, url, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, res)
 	}
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteMetricsFind(t *testing.T, query string, opts Qu
 	url := c.url("select", "graphite/metrics/find", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("query", query)
-	resText, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	resText, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, resText)
 	}
@@ -522,7 +522,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteMetricsExpand(t *testing.T, query string, opts
 	url := c.url("select", "graphite/metrics/expand", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("query", query)
-	resText, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	resText, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, resText)
 	}
@@ -546,7 +546,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteRender(t *testing.T, target string, opts QueryO
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("format", "json")
 	values.Add("target", target)
-	resText, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	resText, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, resText)
 	}
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteTagsTagSeries(t *testing.T, record string, opts
 	url := c.url("select", "graphite/tags/tagSeries", opts)
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
 	values.Add("path", record)
-	_, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	_, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
 	}
@@ -584,7 +584,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t *testing.T, records []stri
 	for _, rec := range records {
 		values.Add("path", rec)
 	}
-	_, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
+	_, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, url, values, opts.Headers)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusNotImplemented; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", got, want)
 	}
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) GraphiteTagsTagMultiSeries(t *testing.T, records []stri
 func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1AdminStatusMetricNamesStatsReset(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) {
 	t.Helper()
 	values := opts.asURLValues()
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.PostForm(t, c.metricNamesStatsResetURL, values, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.PostForm(t, c.metricNamesStatsResetURL, values, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent, res)
 	}
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) PrometheusAPIV1AdminStatusMetricNamesStatsReset(t *test
 // /admin/tenants endpoint.
 func (c *vmselectClient) APIV1AdminTenants(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) *AdminTenantsResponse {
 	t.Helper()
-	res, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, c.tenantsURL, opts.Headers)
+	res, statusCode := c.vmselectCli.Get(t, c.tenantsURL, opts.Headers)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", statusCode, http.StatusOK, res)
 	}
@@ -622,7 +622,7 @@ func (c *vmselectClient) APIV1AdminTenants(t *testing.T, opts QueryOpts) *AdminT
 }
 
 type vminsertClient struct {
-	cli                *Client
+	vminsertCli        *Client
 	url                func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string
 	openTSDBURL        func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string
 	graphiteListenAddr string
@@ -647,7 +647,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) PrometheusAPIV1ImportCSV(t *testing.T, records []string
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, len(records), func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -671,7 +671,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) PrometheusAPIV1ImportNative(t *testing.T, data []byte,
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, 1, func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -693,7 +693,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) PrometheusAPIV1Write(t *testing.T, wr prompb.WriteReque
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, recordsCount, func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -745,7 +745,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) PrometheusAPIV1ImportPrometheus(t *testing.T, records [
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, recordsCount, func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) InfluxWrite(t *testing.T, records []string, opts QueryO
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "text/plain")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, len(records), func() {
 		t.Helper()
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -805,7 +805,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) OpentelemetryV1Metrics(t *testing.T, md otlppb.MetricsD
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, recordsCount, func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 		}
@@ -830,7 +830,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) OpenTSDBAPIPut(t *testing.T, records []string, opts Que
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, len(records), func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusNoContent)
 		}
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) ZabbixConnectorHistory(t *testing.T, records []string,
 	headers := opts.getHeaders()
 	headers.Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
 	c.sendBlocking(t, len(records), func() {
-		_, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
+		_, statusCode := c.vminsertCli.Post(t, url, data, headers)
 		if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 		}
@@ -867,11 +867,11 @@ func (c *vminsertClient) ZabbixConnectorHistory(t *testing.T, records []string,
 // See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/integrations/graphite/#ingesting
 func (c *vminsertClient) GraphiteWrite(t *testing.T, records []string, _ QueryOpts) {
 	t.Helper()
-	c.cli.Write(t, c.graphiteListenAddr, records)
+	c.vminsertCli.Write(t, c.graphiteListenAddr, records)
 }
 
 type vmstorageClient struct {
-	cli            *Client
+	vmstorageCli   *Client
 	httpListenAddr string
 }
 
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) ForceFlush(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/internal/force_flush", c.httpListenAddr)
-	_, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, url, nil)
+	_, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Get(t, url, nil)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -892,7 +892,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) ForceMerge(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/internal/force_merge", c.httpListenAddr)
-	_, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, url, nil)
+	_, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Get(t, url, nil)
 	if statusCode != http.StatusOK {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d", statusCode, http.StatusOK)
 	}
@@ -905,7 +905,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) ForceMerge(t *testing.T) {
 func (c *vmstorageClient) SnapshotCreate(t *testing.T) *SnapshotCreateResponse {
 	t.Helper()
 
-	data, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, c.SnapshotCreateURL(), nil, nil)
+	data, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Post(t, c.SnapshotCreateURL(), nil, nil)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusOK; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", got, want, data)
 	}
@@ -931,7 +931,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) APIV1AdminTSDBSnapshot(t *testing.T) *APIV1AdminTSDBSn
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/api/v1/admin/tsdb/snapshot", c.httpListenAddr)
-	data, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, nil, nil)
+	data, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Post(t, url, nil, nil)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusOK; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", got, want, data)
 	}
@@ -952,7 +952,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) SnapshotList(t *testing.T) *SnapshotListResponse {
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/snapshot/list", c.httpListenAddr)
-	data, statusCode := c.cli.Get(t, url, nil)
+	data, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Get(t, url, nil)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusOK; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", got, want, data)
 	}
@@ -973,7 +973,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) SnapshotDelete(t *testing.T, snapshotName string) *Sna
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/snapshot/delete?snapshot=%s", c.httpListenAddr, snapshotName)
-	data, statusCode := c.cli.Delete(t, url)
+	data, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Delete(t, url)
 	wantStatusCodes := map[int]bool{
 		http.StatusOK:                  true,
 		http.StatusInternalServerError: true,
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ func (c *vmstorageClient) SnapshotDeleteAll(t *testing.T) *SnapshotDeleteAllResp
 	t.Helper()
 
 	url := fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/snapshot/delete_all", c.httpListenAddr)
-	data, statusCode := c.cli.Post(t, url, nil, nil)
+	data, statusCode := c.vmstorageCli.Post(t, url, nil, nil)
 	if got, want := statusCode, http.StatusOK; got != want {
 		t.Fatalf("unexpected status code: got %d, want %d, resp text=%q", got, want, data)
 	}

apptest/vminsert.go

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ type vminsertRuntimeValues struct {
 func newVminsert(app *app, cli *Client, rt vminsertRuntimeValues) *Vminsert {
 	metricsClient := newMetricsClient(cli, rt.httpListenAddr)
 	vminsertClient := &vminsertClient{
-		cli: cli,
+		vminsertCli: cli,
 		url: func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string {
 			return getClusterPath(rt.httpListenAddr, op, path, opts)
 		},

apptest/vmselect.go

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func newVmselect(app *app, cli *Client, rt vmselectRuntimeValues) *Vmselect {
 		app:           app,
 		metricsClient: newMetricsClient(cli, rt.httpListenAddr),
 		vmselectClient: &vmselectClient{
-			cli: cli,
+			vmselectCli: cli,
 			url: func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string {
 				return getClusterPath(rt.httpListenAddr, op, path, opts)
 			},

apptest/vmsingle.go

@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ func newVmsingle(app *app, cli *Client, rt vmsingleRuntimeValues) *Vmsingle {
 		app:           app,
 		metricsClient: newMetricsClient(cli, rt.httpListenAddr),
 		vmstorageClient: &vmstorageClient{
-			cli:            cli,
+			vmstorageCli:   cli,
 			httpListenAddr: rt.httpListenAddr,
 		},
 		vmselectClient: &vmselectClient{
-			cli: cli,
+			vmselectCli: cli,
 			url: func(op, path string, opts QueryOpts) string {
 				return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", rt.httpListenAddr, path)
 			},
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ func newVmsingle(app *app, cli *Client, rt vmsingleRuntimeValues) *Vmsingle {
 			tenantsURL:               "vmsingle-does-not-serve-tenants",
 		},
 		vminsertClient: &vminsertClient{
-			cli: cli,
+			vminsertCli: cli,
 			url: func(_, path string, _ QueryOpts) string {
 				return fmt.Sprintf("http://%s/%s", rt.httpListenAddr, path)
 			},

apptest/vmstorage.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func newVmstorage(app *app, cli *Client, rt vmstorageRuntimeValues) *Vmstorage {
 		app:           app,
 		metricsClient: newMetricsClient(cli, rt.httpListenAddr),
 		vmstorageClient: &vmstorageClient{
-			cli:            cli,
+			vmstorageCli:   cli,
 			httpListenAddr: rt.httpListenAddr,
 		},
 		storageDataPath: rt.storageDataPath,

docs/victoriametrics/changelog/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -26,8 +26,6 @@ See also [LTS releases](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/lts-rel
 
 ## tip
 
-* BUGFIX: [stream aggregation](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victoriametrics/stream-aggregation/): fix issue with producing aggregated samples with identical timestamps between flushes. See PR [#10808](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/pull/10808) for details.
-
 ## [v1.145.0](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases/tag/v1.145.0)
 
 Released at 2026-06-08

lib/flagutil/password.go

@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (p *Password) initRandomValue() {
 	_, err := io.ReadFull(rand.Reader, buf[:])
 	if err != nil {
 		// cannot use lib/logger here, since it can be uninitialized yet
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("FATAL: cannot read random data: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("FATAL: cannot read random data: %s", err))
 	}
 	s := string(buf[:])
 	p.value.Store(&s)

lib/jwt/key.go

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ func ParseKey(key []byte) (any, error) {
 
 	k, err := x509.ParsePKIXPublicKey(b.Bytes)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse key %q: %w", key, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse key %q: %v", key, err)
 	}
 
 	return k, nil

lib/prompb/prompb_timing_test.go

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ func BenchmarkWriteRequestUnmarshalProtobuf(b *testing.B) {
 		wru := &WriteRequestUnmarshaler{}
 		for pb.Next() {
 			if _, err := wru.UnmarshalProtobuf(data); err != nil {
-				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %w", err))
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %s", err))
 			}
 		}
 	})

lib/promscrape/discovery/ovhcloud/dedicated_server.go

@@ -97,12 +97,12 @@ func getDedicatedServerDetails(cfg *apiConfig, dedicatedServerName string) (*ded
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	var dedicatedServerDetails dedicatedServer
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &dedicatedServerDetails); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	// get IPs for this dedicated server.
@@ -113,12 +113,12 @@ func getDedicatedServerDetails(cfg *apiConfig, dedicatedServerName string) (*ded
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	var ips []string
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &ips); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	// handle different IP formats
@@ -141,11 +141,11 @@ func getDedicatedServerList(cfg *apiConfig) ([]string, error) {
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &dedicatedServerList); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	return dedicatedServerList, nil

lib/promscrape/discovery/ovhcloud/vps.go

@@ -117,12 +117,12 @@ func getVPSDetails(cfg *apiConfig, vpsName string) (*virtualPrivateServer, error
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	var vpsDetails virtualPrivateServer
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &vpsDetails); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	// get IPs for this vps.
@@ -133,12 +133,12 @@ func getVPSDetails(cfg *apiConfig, vpsName string) (*virtualPrivateServer, error
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	var ips []string
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &ips); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	// handle different IP formats
@@ -162,12 +162,12 @@ func getVPSList(cfg *apiConfig) ([]string, error) {
 		request.Header, _ = getAuthHeaders(cfg, request.Header, cfg.client.APIServer(), reqPath)
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot process %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("request %s error: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	var vpsList []string
 	if err = json.Unmarshal(resp, &vpsList); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal response from %s: %w", reqPath, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal %s response: %v", reqPath, err)
 	}
 
 	return vpsList, nil

lib/promscrape/discovery/puppetdb/api.go

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ func newAPIConfig(sdc *SDConfig, baseDir string) (*apiConfig, error) {
 	}
 	parsedURL, err := url.Parse(sdc.URL)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse %s: %w", sdc.URL, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parse URL %s error: %v", sdc.URL, err)
 	}
 	if parsedURL.Scheme != "http" && parsedURL.Scheme != "https" {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("URL %s scheme must be 'http' or 'https'", sdc.URL)

lib/promscrape/discovery/yandexcloud/api.go

@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ func getIAMToken(cfg *apiConfig) (*iamToken, error) {
 	body := bytes.NewBuffer(passport)
 	resp, err := cfg.client.Post(iamURL, "application/json", body)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot send request to yandex cloud iam api %q: %w", iamURL, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot send request to yandex cloud iam api %q: %s", iamURL, err)
 	}
 	data, err := readResponseBody(resp, iamURL)
 	if err != nil {

lib/promscrape/scrapework_test.go

@@ -667,11 +667,11 @@ func TestScrapeWorkScrapeInternalStreamConcurrency(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	generateScrape := func(n int) string {
-		var w strings.Builder
+		w := strings.Builder{}
 		for i := range n {
-			fmt.Fprintf(&w, "fooooo_%d 1\n", i)
+			w.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("fooooo_%d 1\n", i))
 			if i%100 == 0 {
-				fmt.Fprintf(&w, "# HELP fooooo_%d This is a test\n", i)
+				w.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("# HELP fooooo_%d This is a test\n", i))
 			}
 		}
 		return w.String()
@@ -1005,9 +1005,9 @@ func TestSendStaleSeries(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	generateScrape := func(n int) string {
-		var w strings.Builder
+		w := strings.Builder{}
 		for i := range n {
-			fmt.Fprintf(&w, "foo_%d 1\n", i)
+			w.WriteString(fmt.Sprintf("foo_%d 1\n", i))
 		}
 		return w.String()
 	}

lib/protoparser/datadogv2/parser.go

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ func (s *Series) unmarshalProtobuf(src []byte) (err error) {
 			}
 			pt := &points[len(points)-1]
 			if err := pt.unmarshalProtobuf(data); err != nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal point: %w", err)
+				return fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal point: %s", err)
 			}
 		case 1:
 			data, ok := fc.MessageData()

lib/protoparser/opentelemetry/firehose/parser.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func ProcessRequestBody(b []byte) ([]byte, error) {
 		}
 	}
 	if err := json.Unmarshal(b, &req); err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal Firehose JSON in request body: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal Firehose JSON in request body: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	var dst []byte

lib/protoparser/zabbixconnector/parser.go

@@ -99,17 +99,17 @@ func (r *Row) unmarshal(o *fastjson.Value) error {
 
 	n, err := getFloat64(o, "value")
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing `value` element: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing `value` element, %s", err)
 	}
 	r.Value = n
 
 	cl, err := getInt64(o, "clock")
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing `clock` element: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing `clock` element, %s", err)
 	}
 	ns, err := getInt64(o, "ns")
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing `ns` element: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing `ns` element, %s", err)
 	}
 	// clock - Number of seconds since Epoch to the moment when value was collected (integer part).
 	// ns - Number of nanoseconds to be added to clock to get a precise value collection time.
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ func (r *Row) unmarshal(o *fastjson.Value) error {
 	if len(groupValue) != 0 {
 		groups, err := getArray(o, "groups")
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("missing `groups` element: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("missing `groups` element, %s", err)
 		}
 		for _, g := range groups {
 			k := g.GetStringBytes()
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func (r *Row) unmarshal(o *fastjson.Value) error {
 
 	itemTags, err := getArray(o, "item_tags")
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("missing `item_tags` element: %w", err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing `item_tags` element, %s", err)
 	}
 
 	if len(duplicateTagsSeparator) == 0 { // Do not merge tags

lib/snapshot/snapshot.go

@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ func Create(ctx context.Context, createSnapshotURL string) (string, error) {
 		return snap.Snapshot, nil
 	}
 	if snap.Status == "error" {
-		return "", fmt.Errorf("snapshot status: %q; msg: %q", snap.Status, snap.Msg)
+		return "", errors.New(snap.Msg)
 	}
-	return "", fmt.Errorf("snapshot status unknown: %q", snap.Status)
+	return "", fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %v", snap.Status)
 }
 
 // Delete deletes a snapshot via the provided api endpoint
@@ -121,14 +121,14 @@ func Delete(ctx context.Context, deleteSnapshotURL string, snapshotName string)
 	if snap.Status == "error" {
 		return errors.New(snap.Msg)
 	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("snapshot status unknown: %q", snap.Status)
+	return fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %v", snap.Status)
 }
 
 // GetHTTPClient returns a new HTTP client configured for snapshot operations.
 func GetHTTPClient() (*http.Client, error) {
 	tr, err := promauth.NewTLSTransport(*tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify, "vm_snapshot_client")
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %s", err)
 	}
 	hc := &http.Client{
 		Transport: tr,

lib/storage/index_db.go

@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ func (is *indexSearch) searchLabelNamesWithFiltersOnDate(qt *querytracer.Tracer,
 		} else {
 			_, key, err := unmarshalCompositeTagKey(labelName)
 			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal composite tag key: %w", err)
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot unmarshal composite tag key: %s", err)
 			}
 			lns[string(key)] = struct{}{}
 		}

lib/streamaggr/deduplicator.go

@@ -231,7 +231,6 @@ func (d *Deduplicator) flush(pushFunc PushFunc) {
 		logger.Warnf("deduplication couldn't be finished in the configured dedupInterval=%s; it took %.03fs; "+
 			"possible solutions: increase dedupInterval; reduce samples' ingestion rate", d.interval, duration.Seconds())
 	}
-	deadlineTime = deadlineTime.Add(d.interval)
 	for time.Now().After(deadlineTime) {
 		deadlineTime = deadlineTime.Add(d.interval)
 	}

lib/streamaggr/streamaggr.go

@@ -845,7 +845,6 @@ func (a *aggregator) runFlusher(pushFunc PushFunc, alignFlushToInterval, skipFlu
 			} else {
 				a.flush(pf, flushTime, cs, false)
 			}
-			flushTime = flushTime.Add(a.interval)
 			for time.Now().After(flushTime) {
 				flushTime = flushTime.Add(a.interval)
 			}

lib/streamaggr/streamaggr_synctest_test.go

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+//go:build synctest
+
 package streamaggr
 
 import (
@@ -483,8 +485,10 @@ foo 3.3
 `, ``, ``, ``, ``}, time.Minute, `foo:1m_count_series 1
 foo:1m_count_series{bar="baz"} 1
 foo:1m_sum_samples 0
+foo:1m_sum_samples 0
 foo:1m_sum_samples 4.3
 foo:1m_sum_samples{bar="baz"} 0
+foo:1m_sum_samples{bar="baz"} 0
 foo:1m_sum_samples{bar="baz"} 2
 foo:5m_by_bar_sum_samples 4.3
 foo:5m_by_bar_sum_samples{bar="baz"} 2
@@ -690,29 +694,21 @@ foo:1m_by_cde_rate_sum{cde="1"} 0.125
 
 	// test rate_sum and rate_avg, when two aggregation intervals are empty
 	f([]string{`
-foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 1
-foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 2 1
-foo{abc="456", cde="1"} 7
-foo{abc="456", cde="1"} 8 1
-foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 8
-foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 9 1
+foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 2
+foo{abc="456", cde="1"} 8
+foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 9 -10
 `, ``, ``, `
-foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 19
-foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 20 1
+foo{abc="123", cde="1"} 20
 foo{abc="456", cde="1"} 26
-foo{abc="456", cde="1"} 27 1
-foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 27
-foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 28 1
-`}, time.Minute, `foo:1m_by_cde_rate_avg{cde="1"} 1
-foo:1m_by_cde_rate_avg{cde="1"} 1
-foo:1m_by_cde_rate_sum{cde="1"} 3
-foo:1m_by_cde_rate_sum{cde="1"} 3
+foo{abc="777", cde="1"} 27 -10
+`}, time.Minute, `foo:1m_by_cde_rate_avg{cde="1"} 0.1
+foo:1m_by_cde_rate_sum{cde="1"} 0.2
 `, `            
 - interval: 1m
   by: [cde]
   outputs: [rate_sum, rate_avg]
   enable_windows: true
-`, "111111111111")
+`, "111111")
 
 	// rate_sum and rate_avg with duplicated events
 	f([]string{`

lib/streamaggr/streamaggr_timing_test.go

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ func newBenchAggregators(outputs []string, pushFunc PushFunc) *Aggregators {
 `, strings.Join(outputsQuoted, ","))
 	a, err := LoadFromData([]byte(config), pushFunc, nil, "some_alias")
 	if err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when initializing aggregators: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when initializing aggregators: %s", err))
 	}
 	return a
 }
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func newPerOutputBenchAggregators(outputs []string, pushFunc PushFunc) *Aggregat
 
 	a, err := LoadFromData([]byte(config), pushFunc, nil, "some_alias")
 	if err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when initializing aggregators: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when initializing aggregators: %s", err))
 	}
 	return a
 }