docs/CHANGELOG.md: cut v1.50.2

See 404cbd1522
Updates https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/974

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.md

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+---
+name: Bug report
+about: Create a report to help us improve
+title: ''
+labels: ''
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Describe the bug**
+A clear and concise description of what the bug is.
+It would be great [upgrading](https://victoriametrics.github.io/#how-to-upgrade) to [the latest avaialble release](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases)
+and verifying whether the bug is reproducible there.
+It is also recommended reading [troubleshooting docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/#troubleshooting).
+
+**To Reproduce**
+Steps to reproduce the behavior.
+
+**Expected behavior**
+A clear and concise description of what you expected to happen.
+
+**Screenshots**
+If applicable, add screenshots to help explain your problem.
+
+**Version**
+The line returned when passing `--version` command line flag to binary. For example:
+```
+$ ./victoria-metrics-prod --version
+victoria-metrics-20190730-121249-heads-single-node-0-g671d9e55
+```
+
+**Used command-line flags**
+Command-line flags are listed as `flag{name="httpListenAddr", value=":443"} 1` lines at `/metrics` page.
+See the following docs for details:
+
+* [monitoring for single-node VictoriaMetrics](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/master/README.md#monitoring)
+* [montioring for VictoriaMetrics cluster](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/cluster/README.md#monitoring)
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context about the problem here such as error logs from VictoriaMetrics and Prometheus,
+`/metrics` output, screenshots from the official Grafana dashboards for VictoriaMetrics:
+
+* [Grafana dashboard for single-node VictoriaMetrics](https://grafana.com/dashboards/10229)
+* [Grafana dashboard for VictoriaMetrics cluster](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11176)

.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/feature_request.md

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+---
+name: Feature request
+about: Suggest an idea for this project
+title: ''
+labels: ''
+assignees: ''
+
+---
+
+**Is your feature request related to a problem? Please describe.**
+A clear and concise description of what the problem is. Ex. I'm always frustrated when [...]
+
+**Describe the solution you'd like**
+A clear and concise description of what you want to happen.
+
+**Describe alternatives you've considered**
+A clear and concise description of any alternative solutions or features you've considered.
+
+**Additional context**
+Add any other context or screenshots about the feature request here.

.github/workflows/github-pages.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+name: github-pages
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - 'docs/*'
+      - 'README.md'
+    branches:
+      - master
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@master
+      - name: publish
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          TOKEN: ${{secrets.CI_TOKEN}}
+        run: |
+          git clone https://vika:${TOKEN}@github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics.github.io.git gpages
+          cp docs/* gpages
+          cp README.md gpages
+          cd gpages
+          git config --local user.email "info@victoriametrics.com"
+          git config --local user.name "Vika"
+          git add .
+          git commit -m "update github pages"
+          remote_repo="https://vika:${TOKEN}@github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics.github.io.git"
+          git push "${remote_repo}"
+          cd ..
+          rm -rf gpages

.github/workflows/main.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+name: main
+on:
+  push:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'docs/**'
+      - '**.md'
+  pull_request:
+    paths-ignore:
+      - 'docs/**'
+      - '**.md'
+jobs:
+  build:
+    name: Build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@main
+        with:
+          go-version: 1.15
+        id: go
+      - name: Dependencies
+        run: |
+          go get -u golang.org/x/lint/golint
+          go get -u github.com/kisielk/errcheck
+          curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(go env GOPATH)/bin v1.29.0
+      - name: Code checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@master
+      - name: Build
+        env:
+          GO111MODULE: on
+        run: |
+          export PATH=$PATH:$(go env GOPATH)/bin # temporary fix. See https://github.com/actions/setup-go/issues/14
+          make check-all
+          git diff --exit-code
+          make test-full
+          make test-pure
+          make test-full-386
+          make victoria-metrics
+          make victoria-metrics-pure
+          make victoria-metrics-arm
+          make victoria-metrics-arm64
+          make vmutils
+          GOOS=freebsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/victoria-metrics
+          GOOS=freebsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmagent
+          GOOS=freebsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmalert
+          GOOS=freebsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmbackup
+          GOOS=freebsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmrestore
+          GOOS=openbsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/victoria-metrics
+          GOOS=openbsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmagent
+          GOOS=openbsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmalert
+          GOOS=openbsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmbackup
+          GOOS=openbsd go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmrestore
+          GOOS=darwin go build -mod=vendor ./app/victoria-metrics
+          GOOS=darwin go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmagent
+          GOOS=darwin go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmalert
+          GOOS=darwin go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmbackup
+          GOOS=darwin go build -mod=vendor ./app/vmrestore
+      - name: Publish coverage
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v1.0.6
+        with:
+          token: ${{secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN}}
+          file: ./coverage.txt
+

.github/workflows/wiki.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+name: wiki
+on:
+  push:
+    paths:
+      - 'docs/*'
+    branches:
+      - master
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@master
+      - name: publish
+        shell: bash
+        env:
+          TOKEN: ${{secrets.CI_TOKEN}}
+        run: |
+          git clone https://vika:${TOKEN}@github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics.wiki.git wiki
+          cp docs/* wiki
+          cd wiki
+          git config --local user.email "info@victoriametrics.com"
+          git config --local user.name "Vika"
+          git add .
+          git commit -m "update wiki pages"
+          remote_repo="https://vika:${TOKEN}@github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics.wiki.git"
+          git push "${remote_repo}"
+          cd ..
+          rm -rf wiki

.gitignore

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+/tmp
 /tags
 /pkg
 *.pprof
@@ -7,5 +8,10 @@
 *.swp
 /gocache-for-docker
 /victoria-metrics-data
+/vmagent-remotewrite-data
 /vmstorage-data
 /vmselect-cache
+/package/temp-deb-*
+/package/temp-rpm-*
+/package/*.deb
+/package/*.rpm

CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+# Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
+
+## Our Pledge
+
+In the interest of fostering an open and welcoming environment, we as
+contributors and maintainers pledge to making participation in our project and
+our community a harassment-free experience for everyone, regardless of age, body
+size, disability, ethnicity, sex characteristics, gender identity and expression,
+level of experience, education, socio-economic status, nationality, personal
+appearance, race, religion, or sexual identity and orientation.
+
+## Our Standards
+
+Examples of behavior that contributes to creating a positive environment
+include:
+
+* Using welcoming and inclusive language
+* Being respectful of differing viewpoints and experiences
+* Gracefully accepting constructive criticism
+* Focusing on what is best for the community
+* Showing empathy towards other community members
+
+Examples of unacceptable behavior by participants include:
+
+* The use of sexualized language or imagery and unwelcome sexual attention or
+ advances
+* Trolling, insulting/derogatory comments, and personal or political attacks
+* Public or private harassment
+* Publishing others' private information, such as a physical or electronic
+ address, without explicit permission
+* Other conduct which could reasonably be considered inappropriate in a
+ professional setting
+
+## Our Responsibilities
+
+Project maintainers are responsible for clarifying the standards of acceptable
+behavior and are expected to take appropriate and fair corrective action in
+response to any instances of unacceptable behavior.
+
+Project maintainers have the right and responsibility to remove, edit, or
+reject comments, commits, code, wiki edits, issues, and other contributions
+that are not aligned to this Code of Conduct, or to ban temporarily or
+permanently any contributor for other behaviors that they deem inappropriate,
+threatening, offensive, or harmful.
+
+## Scope
+
+This Code of Conduct applies both within project spaces and in public spaces
+when an individual is representing the project or its community. Examples of
+representing a project or community include using an official project e-mail
+address, posting via an official social media account, or acting as an appointed
+representative at an online or offline event. Representation of a project may be
+further defined and clarified by project maintainers.
+
+## Enforcement
+
+Instances of abusive, harassing, or otherwise unacceptable behavior may be
+reported by contacting the project team at info@victoriametrics.com. All
+complaints will be reviewed and investigated and will result in a response that
+is deemed necessary and appropriate to the circumstances. The project team is
+obligated to maintain confidentiality with regard to the reporter of an incident.
+Further details of specific enforcement policies may be posted separately.
+
+Project maintainers who do not follow or enforce the Code of Conduct in good
+faith may face temporary or permanent repercussions as determined by other
+members of the project's leadership.
+
+## Attribution
+
+This Code of Conduct is adapted from the [Contributor Covenant][homepage], version 1.4,
+available at https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/1/4/code-of-conduct.html
+
+[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
+
+For answers to common questions about this code of conduct, see
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq

CODE_OF_CONDUCT_RU.md

@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+
+# Кодекс Поведения участника
+
+## Наши обязательства
+
+Мы, как участники, авторы и лидеры обязуемся сделать участие в сообществе
+свободным от притеснений для всех, независимо от возраста, телосложения,
+видимых или невидимых ограничений способности, этнической принадлежности,
+половых признаков, гендерной идентичности и выражения, уровня опыта,
+образования, социо-экономического статуса, национальности, внешности,
+расы, религии, или сексуальной идентичности и ориентации.
+
+Мы обещаем действовать и взаимодействовать таким образом, чтобы вносить вклад в открытое,
+дружелюбное, многообразное, инклюзивное и здоровое сообщество.
+
+## Наши стандарты
+
+Примеры поведения, создающие условия для благоприятных взаимоотношений включают в себя:
+
+* Проявление доброты и эмпатии к другим участникам проекта
+* Уважение к чужой точке зрения и опыту
+* Конструктивная критика и принятие конструктивной критики
+* Принятие ответственности, принесение извинений тем, кто пострадал от наших ошибок
+  и извлечение уроков из опыта
+* Ориентирование на то, что лучше подходит для сообщества, а не только для нас лично
+
+Примеры неприемлемого поведения участников включают в себя:
+
+* Использование выражений или изображений сексуального характера и нежелательное сексуальное внимание или домогательство в любой форме
+* Троллинг, оскорбительные или уничижительные комментарии, переход на личности или затрагивание политических убеждений
+* Публичное или приватное домогательство
+* Публикация личной информации других лиц, например, физического или электронного адреса, без явного разрешения
+* Иное поведение, которое обоснованно считать неуместным в профессиональной обстановке
+
+## Обязанности
+
+Лидеры сообщества отвечают за разъяснение и применение наших стандартов приемлемого
+поведения и будут предпринимать соответствующие и честные меры по исправлению положения
+в ответ на любое поведение, которое они сочтут неприемлемым, угрожающим, оскорбительным или вредным.
+
+Лидеры сообщества обладают правом и обязанностью удалять, редактировать или отклонять
+комментарии, коммиты, код, изменения в вики, вопросы и другой вклад, который не совпадает
+с Кодексом Поведения, и предоставят причины принятого решения, когда сочтут нужным.
+
+## Область применения
+
+Данный Кодекс Поведения применим во всех во всех публичных физических и цифровых пространства сообщества,
+а также когда человек официально представляет сообщество в публичных местах.
+Примеры представления проекта или сообщества включают использование официальной электронной почты,
+публикации в официальном аккаунте в социальных сетях,
+или упоминания как представителя в онлайн или оффлайн мероприятии.
+
+## Приведение в исполнение
+
+О случаях домогательства, а так же оскорбительного или иного другого неприемлемого
+поведения можно сообщить ответственным лидерам сообщества с помощью письма на info@victoriametrics.com
+Все жалобы будут рассмотрены и расследованы оперативно и беспристрастно.
+
+Все лидеры сообщества обязаны уважать неприкосновенность частной жизни и личную
+неприкосновенность автора сообщения.
+
+## Руководство по исполнению
+
+Лидеры сообщества будут следовать следующим Принципам Воздействия в Сообществе,
+чтобы определить последствия для тех, кого они считают виновными в нарушении данного Кодекса Поведения:
+
+### 1. Исправление
+
+**Общественное влияние**: Использование недопустимой лексики или другое поведение,
+считающиеся непрофессиональным или нежелательным в сообществе.
+
+**Последствия**: Личное, письменное предупреждение от лидеров сообщества,
+объясняющее суть нарушения и почему такое поведение
+было неуместно. Лидеры сообщества могут попросить принести публичное извинение.
+
+### 2. Предупреждение
+
+**Общественное влияние**: Нарушение в результате одного инцидента или серии действий.
+
+**Последствия**: Предупреждение о последствиях в случае продолжающегося неуместного поведения.
+На определенное время не допускается взаимодействие с людьми, вовлеченными в инцидент,
+включая незапрошенное взаимодействие 
+с теми, кто обеспечивает соблюдение Кодекса. Это включает в себя избегание взаимодействия
+в публичных пространствах, а так же во внешних каналах,
+таких как социальные сети. Нарушение этих правил влечет за собой временный или вечный бан.
+
+### 3. Временный бан
+
+**Общественное влияние**: Серьёзное нарушение стандартов сообщества,
+включая продолжительное неуместное поведение.
+
+**Последствия**: Временный запрет (бан) на любое взаимодействие 
+или публичное общение с сообществом на определенный период времени.
+На этот период не допускается публичное или личное взаимодействие с людьми,
+вовлеченными в инцидент, включая незапрошенное взаимодействие 
+с теми, кто обеспечивает соблюдение Кодекса.
+Нарушение этих правил влечет за собой вечный бан.
+
+### 4. Вечный бан
+
+**Общественное влияние**: Демонстрация систематических нарушений стандартов сообщества,
+включая продолжающееся неуместное поведение, домогательство до отдельных лиц,
+или проявление агрессии либо пренебрежительного отношения к категориям лиц.
+
+**Последствия**: Вечный запрет на любое публичное взаимодействие с сообществом.
+
+## Атрибуция
+
+Данный Кодекс Поведения основан на [Кодекс Поведения участника][homepage],
+версии 2.0, доступной по адресу
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/version/2/0/code_of_conduct.html.
+
+Принципы Воздействия в Сообществе были вдохновлены [Mozilla's code of conduct
+enforcement ladder](https://github.com/mozilla/diversity).
+
+[homepage]: https://www.contributor-covenant.org
+
+Ответы на общие вопросы о данном кодексе поведения ищите на странице FAQ:
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/faq. Переводы доступны по адресу
+https://www.contributor-covenant.org/translations.

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+If you like VictoriaMetrics and want to contribute, then we need the following:
+
+- Filing issues and feature requests [here](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues).
+- Spreading a word about VictoriaMetrics: conference talks, articles, comments, experience sharing with colleagues.
+- Updating documentation.
+
+We are open to third-party pull requests provided they follow [KISS design principle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KISS_principle):
+
+- Prefer simple code and architecture.
+- Avoid complex abstractions.
+- Avoid magic code and fancy algorithms.
+- Avoid [big external dependencies](https://medium.com/@valyala/stripping-dependency-bloat-in-victoriametrics-docker-image-983fb5912b0d).
+- Minimize the number of moving parts in the distributed system.
+- Avoid automated decisions, which may hurt cluster availability, consistency or performance.
+
+Adhering `KISS` principle simplifies the resulting code and architecture, so it can be reviewed, understood and verified by many people.

LICENSE

@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
 
    END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
 
-   Copyright 2019 VictoriaMetrics, Inc.
+   Copyright 2019-2020 VictoriaMetrics, Inc.
 
    Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
    you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.

Makefile

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 PKG_PREFIX := github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics
 
 BUILDINFO_TAG ?= $(shell echo $$(git describe --long --all | tr '/' '-')$$( \
-	      git diff-index --quiet HEAD -- || echo '-dirty-'$$(git diff-index -u HEAD | sha1sum | grep -oP '^.{8}')))
+	      git diff-index --quiet HEAD -- || echo '-dirty-'$$(git diff-index -u HEAD | openssl sha1 | cut -c 10-17)))
 
 PKG_TAG ?= $(shell git tag -l --points-at HEAD)
 ifeq ($(PKG_TAG),)
@@ -10,8 +10,15 @@ endif
 
 GO_BUILDINFO = -X '$(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/buildinfo.Version=$(APP_NAME)-$(shell date -u +'%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')-$(BUILDINFO_TAG)'
 
+.PHONY: $(MAKECMDGOALS)
+
 all: \
-	victoria-metrics-prod
+	victoria-metrics-prod \
+	vmagent-prod \
+	vmalert-prod \
+	vmauth-prod \
+	vmbackup-prod \
+	vmrestore-prod
 
 include app/*/Makefile
 include deployment/*/Makefile
@@ -19,46 +26,135 @@ include deployment/*/Makefile
 clean:
 	rm -rf bin/*
 
-release: victoria-metrics-prod
-	cd bin && tar czf victoria-metrics-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz victoria-metrics-prod
+publish: \
+	publish-victoria-metrics \
+	publish-vmagent \
+	publish-vmalert \
+	publish-vmauth \
+	publish-vmbackup \
+	publish-vmrestore
+
+package: \
+	package-victoria-metrics \
+	package-vmagent \
+	package-vmalert \
+	package-vmauth \
+	package-vmbackup \
+	package-vmrestore
+
+vmutils: \
+	vmagent \
+	vmalert \
+	vmauth \
+	vmbackup \
+	vmrestore
+
+release: \
+	release-victoria-metrics \
+	release-vmutils
+
+release-victoria-metrics: victoria-metrics-prod
+	cd bin && tar czf victoria-metrics-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz victoria-metrics-prod && \
+		sha256sum victoria-metrics-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz > victoria-metrics-$(PKG_TAG)_checksums.txt
+
+release-vmutils: \
+	vmagent-prod \
+	vmalert-prod \
+	vmauth-prod \
+	vmbackup-prod \
+	vmrestore-prod
+	cd bin && tar czf vmutils-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz vmagent-prod vmalert-prod vmauth-prod vmbackup-prod vmrestore-prod && \
+		sha256sum vmutils-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz > vmutils-$(PKG_TAG)_checksums.txt
+
+pprof-cpu:
+	go tool pprof -trim_path=github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics@ $(PPROF_FILE)
 
 fmt:
-	go fmt $(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/...
-	go fmt $(PKG_PREFIX)/app/...
+	GO111MODULE=on gofmt -l -w -s ./lib
+	GO111MODULE=on gofmt -l -w -s ./app
 
 vet:
-	go vet $(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/...
-	go vet $(PKG_PREFIX)/app/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go vet -mod=vendor ./lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go vet -mod=vendor ./app/...
 
 lint: install-golint
 	golint lib/...
 	golint app/...
 
 install-golint:
-	which golint || GO111MODULE=off go get -u github.com/golang/lint/golint
+	which golint || go install golang.org/x/lint/golint
 
 errcheck: install-errcheck
 	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./lib/...
 	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vminsert/...
 	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmselect/...
 	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmstorage/...
+	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmagent/...
+	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmalert/...
+	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmauth/...
+	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmbackup/...
+	errcheck -exclude=errcheck_excludes.txt ./app/vmrestore/...
 
 install-errcheck:
-	which errcheck || GO111MODULE=off go get -u github.com/kisielk/errcheck
+	which errcheck || go install github.com/kisielk/errcheck
+
+check-all: fmt vet lint errcheck golangci-lint
 
 test:
-	go test $(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go test -mod=vendor ./lib/... ./app/...
+
+test-race:
+	GO111MODULE=on go test -mod=vendor -race ./lib/... ./app/...
+
+test-pure:
+	GO111MODULE=on CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -mod=vendor ./lib/... ./app/...
+
+test-full:
+	GO111MODULE=on go test -mod=vendor -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./lib/... ./app/...
+
+test-full-386:
+	GO111MODULE=on GOARCH=386 go test -mod=vendor -coverprofile=coverage.txt -covermode=atomic ./lib/... ./app/...
 
 benchmark:
-	go test -bench=. $(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go test -mod=vendor -bench=. ./lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go test -mod=vendor -bench=. ./app/...
+
+benchmark-pure:
+	GO111MODULE=on CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -mod=vendor -bench=. ./lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -mod=vendor -bench=. ./app/...
 
 vendor-update:
-	go get -u
-	go mod tidy
-	go mod vendor
+	GO111MODULE=on go get -u -d ./lib/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go get -u -d ./app/...
+	GO111MODULE=on go mod tidy
+	GO111MODULE=on go mod vendor
+
+app-local:
+	CGO_ENABLED=1 GO111MODULE=on go build $(RACE) -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/$(APP_NAME)$(RACE) $(PKG_PREFIX)/app/$(APP_NAME)
+
+app-local-pure:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GO111MODULE=on go build $(RACE) -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/$(APP_NAME)-pure$(RACE) $(PKG_PREFIX)/app/$(APP_NAME)
+
+app-local-with-goarch:
+	GO111MODULE=on go build $(RACE) -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/$(APP_NAME)-$(GOARCH)$(RACE) $(PKG_PREFIX)/app/$(APP_NAME)
 
 quicktemplate-gen: install-qtc
 	qtc
 
 install-qtc:
-	which qtc || GO111MODULE=off go get -u github.com/valyala/quicktemplate/qtc
+	which qtc || go install github.com/valyala/quicktemplate/qtc
+
+
+golangci-lint: install-golangci-lint
+	golangci-lint run --exclude '(SA4003|SA1019|SA5011):' -D errcheck -D structcheck --timeout 2m
+
+install-golangci-lint:
+	which golangci-lint || curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin v1.29.0
+
+docs-sync:
+	cp app/vmagent/README.md docs/vmagent.md
+	cp app/vmalert/README.md docs/vmalert.md
+	cp app/vmauth/README.md docs/vmauth.md
+	cp app/vmbackup/README.md docs/vmbackup.md
+	cp app/vmrestore/README.md docs/vmrestore.md
+	cp README.md docs/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.md

app/victoria-metrics/Makefile

@@ -1,21 +1,117 @@
 # All these commands must run from repository root.
 
+victoria-metrics:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-local
+
+victoria-metrics-race:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics RACE=-race $(MAKE) app-local
+
 victoria-metrics-prod:
 	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker
 
+victoria-metrics-pure-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-pure
+
+victoria-metrics-amd64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-amd64
+
+victoria-metrics-arm-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm
+
+victoria-metrics-arm64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm64
+
+victoria-metrics-ppc64le-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+victoria-metrics-386-prod:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-via-docker-386
+
 package-victoria-metrics:
-	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics \
-	$(MAKE) package-via-docker
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker
+
+package-victoria-metrics-pure:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-pure
+
+package-victoria-metrics-amd64:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-amd64
+
+package-victoria-metrics-arm:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm
+
+package-victoria-metrics-arm64:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm64
+
+package-victoria-metrics-ppc64le:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+package-victoria-metrics-386:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) package-via-docker-386
 
 publish-victoria-metrics:
 	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) publish-via-docker
 
 run-victoria-metrics:
 	mkdir -p victoria-metrics-data
-	DOCKER_OPTS='-v $(shell pwd)/victoria-metrics-data:/victoria-metrics-data -p 8428:8428 -p 2003:2003 -p 2003:2003/udp' \
+	DOCKER_OPTS='-v $(shell pwd)/victoria-metrics-data:/victoria-metrics-data' \
 	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics \
 	ARGS='-graphiteListenAddr=:2003 -opentsdbListenAddr=:4242 -retentionPeriod=12 -search.maxUniqueTimeseries=1000000 -search.maxQueryDuration=10m' \
 	$(MAKE) run-via-docker
 
+victoria-metrics-amd64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=1 GOOS=linux GOARCH=amd64 GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-amd64 ./app/victoria-metrics
+
 victoria-metrics-arm:
-	CC=arm-linux-gnueabi-gcc CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=arm GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-arm ./app/victoria-metrics
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-arm ./app/victoria-metrics
+
+victoria-metrics-arm64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-arm64 ./app/victoria-metrics
+
+victoria-metrics-ppc64le:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=ppc64le GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-ppc64le ./app/victoria-metrics
+
+victoria-metrics-386:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux GOARCH=386 GO111MODULE=on go build -mod=vendor -ldflags "$(GO_BUILDINFO)" -o bin/victoria-metrics-386 ./app/victoria-metrics
+
+victoria-metrics-pure:
+	APP_NAME=victoria-metrics $(MAKE) app-local-pure
+
+### Packaging as DEB - amd64
+victoria-metrics-package-deb: victoria-metrics-prod
+	./package/package_deb.sh amd64
+
+### Packaging as DEB - arm64
+victoria-metrics-package-deb-arm64: victoria-metrics-arm64-prod
+	./package/package_deb.sh arm64
+
+### Packaging as DEB - all
+victoria-metrics-package-deb-all: \
+        victoria-metrics-package-deb \
+        victoria-metrics-package-deb-arm64
+
+### Packaging as RPM - amd64
+victoria-metrics-package-rpm: victoria-metrics-prod
+	./package/package_rpm.sh amd64
+
+### Packaging as RPM - arm64
+victoria-metrics-package-rpm-arm64: victoria-metrics-arm64-prod
+	./package/package_rpm.sh arm64
+
+### Packaging as RPM - all
+victoria-metrics-package-rpm-all: \
+        victoria-metrics-package-rpm \
+        victoria-metrics-package-rpm-arm64
+
+### Packaging as both DEB and RPM - all
+victoria-metrics-package-deb-rpm-all: \
+        victoria-metrics-package-deb \
+        victoria-metrics-package-deb-arm64 \
+        victoria-metrics-package-rpm \
+        victoria-metrics-package-rpm-arm64
+
+### Packaging as snap
+victoria-metrics-package-snap:
+	which snapcraft || snap install snapcraft
+	which multipass || snap install multipass
+	snapcraft
+

app/victoria-metrics/deployment/Dockerfile

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
-FROM scratch
-COPY --from=local/certs:1.0.2 /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
-COPY bin/victoria-metrics-prod .
+ARG base_image
+FROM $base_image
+
 EXPOSE 8428
+
 ENTRYPOINT ["/victoria-metrics-prod"]
+ARG src_binary
+COPY $src_binary ./victoria-metrics-prod

app/victoria-metrics/main.go

@@ -2,51 +2,99 @@ package main
 
 import (
 	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vminsert"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/promql"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/buildinfo"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envflag"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promscrape"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/storage"
 )
 
-var httpListenAddr = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8428", "TCP address to listen for http connections")
+var (
+	httpListenAddr    = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8428", "TCP address to listen for http connections")
+	minScrapeInterval = flag.Duration("dedup.minScrapeInterval", 0, "Remove superflouos samples from time series if they are located closer to each other than this duration. "+
+		"This may be useful for reducing overhead when multiple identically configured Prometheus instances write data to the same VictoriaMetrics. "+
+		"Deduplication is disabled if the -dedup.minScrapeInterval is 0")
+	dryRun = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check only -promscrape.config and then exit. "+
+		"Unknown config entries are allowed in -promscrape.config by default. This can be changed with -promscrape.config.strictParse")
+)
 
 func main() {
-	flag.Parse()
+	// Write flags and help message to stdout, since it is easier to grep or pipe.
+	flag.CommandLine.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
+	envflag.Parse()
 	buildinfo.Init()
 	logger.Init()
-	logger.Infof("starting VictoraMetrics at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
+
+	if promscrape.IsDryRun() {
+		*dryRun = true
+	}
+	if *dryRun {
+		if err := promscrape.CheckConfig(); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("error when checking -promscrape.config: %s", err)
+		}
+		logger.Infof("-promscrape.config is ok; exitting with 0 status code")
+		return
+	}
+
+	logger.Infof("starting VictoriaMetrics at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime := time.Now()
-	vmstorage.Init()
+	storage.SetMinScrapeIntervalForDeduplication(*minScrapeInterval)
+	vmstorage.Init(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
 	vmselect.Init()
 	vminsert.Init()
+	startSelfScraper()
 
 	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, requestHandler)
-	logger.Infof("started VictoriaMetrics in %s", time.Since(startTime))
+	logger.Infof("started VictoriaMetrics in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
 
 	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
 	logger.Infof("received signal %s", sig)
 
+	stopSelfScraper()
+
 	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime = time.Now()
 	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
 	vminsert.Stop()
-	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %s", time.Since(startTime))
+	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
 
 	vmstorage.Stop()
 	vmselect.Stop()
 
-	logger.Infof("the VictoriaMetrics has been stopped in %s", time.Since(startTime))
+	fs.MustStopDirRemover()
+
+	logger.Infof("the VictoriaMetrics has been stopped in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
 }
 
 func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
+	if r.URL.Path == "/" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "<h2>Single-node VictoriaMetrics.</h2></br>")
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "See docs at <a href='https://victoriametrics.github.io/'>https://victoriametrics.github.io/</a></br>")
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Useful endpoints: </br>")
+		writeAPIHelp(w, [][]string{
+			{"/targets", "discovered targets list"},
+			{"/api/v1/targets", "advanced information about discovered targets in JSON format"},
+			{"/metrics", "available service metrics"},
+			{"/api/v1/status/tsdb", "tsdb status page"},
+		})
+		return true
+	}
 	if vminsert.RequestHandler(w, r) {
 		return true
 	}
@@ -58,3 +106,12 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 	}
 	return false
 }
+
+func writeAPIHelp(w io.Writer, pathList [][]string) {
+	pathPrefix := httpserver.GetPathPrefix()
+	for _, p := range pathList {
+		p, doc := p[0], p[1]
+		p = path.Join(pathPrefix, p)
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "<a href='%s'>%q</a> - %s<br/>", p, p, doc)
+	}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/main_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,497 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	testutil "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/victoria-metrics/test"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vminsert"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/promql"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envflag"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+)
+
+const (
+	testFixturesDir            = "testdata"
+	testStorageSuffix          = "vm-test-storage"
+	testHTTPListenAddr         = ":7654"
+	testStatsDListenAddr       = ":2003"
+	testOpenTSDBListenAddr     = ":4242"
+	testOpenTSDBHTTPListenAddr = ":4243"
+	testLogLevel               = "INFO"
+)
+
+const (
+	testReadHTTPPath          = "http://127.0.0.1" + testHTTPListenAddr
+	testWriteHTTPPath         = "http://127.0.0.1" + testHTTPListenAddr + "/write"
+	testOpenTSDBWriteHTTPPath = "http://127.0.0.1" + testOpenTSDBHTTPListenAddr + "/api/put"
+	testPromWriteHTTPPath     = "http://127.0.0.1" + testHTTPListenAddr + "/api/v1/write"
+	testHealthHTTPPath        = "http://127.0.0.1" + testHTTPListenAddr + "/health"
+)
+
+const (
+	testStorageInitTimeout = 10 * time.Second
+)
+
+var (
+	storagePath   string
+	insertionTime = time.Now().UTC()
+)
+
+type test struct {
+	Name             string     `json:"name"`
+	Data             []string   `json:"data"`
+	Query            []string   `json:"query"`
+	ResultMetrics    []Metric   `json:"result_metrics"`
+	ResultSeries     Series     `json:"result_series"`
+	ResultQuery      Query      `json:"result_query"`
+	ResultQueryRange QueryRange `json:"result_query_range"`
+	Issue            string     `json:"issue"`
+}
+
+type Metric struct {
+	Metric     map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Values     []float64         `json:"values"`
+	Timestamps []int64           `json:"timestamps"`
+}
+
+func (r *Metric) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	type plain Metric
+	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(r))
+}
+
+type Series struct {
+	Status string              `json:"status"`
+	Data   []map[string]string `json:"data"`
+}
+type Query struct {
+	Status string    `json:"status"`
+	Data   QueryData `json:"data"`
+}
+type QueryData struct {
+	ResultType string            `json:"resultType"`
+	Result     []QueryDataResult `json:"result"`
+}
+
+type QueryDataResult struct {
+	Metric map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Value  []interface{}     `json:"value"`
+}
+
+func (r *QueryDataResult) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	type plain QueryDataResult
+	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(r))
+}
+
+type QueryRange struct {
+	Status string         `json:"status"`
+	Data   QueryRangeData `json:"data"`
+}
+type QueryRangeData struct {
+	ResultType string                 `json:"resultType"`
+	Result     []QueryRangeDataResult `json:"result"`
+}
+
+type QueryRangeDataResult struct {
+	Metric map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Values [][]interface{}   `json:"values"`
+}
+
+func (r *QueryRangeDataResult) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	type plain QueryRangeDataResult
+	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(r))
+}
+
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	setUp()
+	code := m.Run()
+	tearDown()
+	os.Exit(code)
+}
+
+func setUp() {
+	storagePath = filepath.Join(os.TempDir(), testStorageSuffix)
+	processFlags()
+	logger.Init()
+	vmstorage.InitWithoutMetrics(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
+	vmselect.Init()
+	vminsert.Init()
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, requestHandler)
+	readyStorageCheckFunc := func() bool {
+		resp, err := http.Get(testHealthHTTPPath)
+		if err != nil {
+			return false
+		}
+		resp.Body.Close()
+		return resp.StatusCode == 200
+	}
+	if err := waitFor(testStorageInitTimeout, readyStorageCheckFunc); err != nil {
+		log.Fatalf("http server can't start for %s seconds, err %s", testStorageInitTimeout, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func processFlags() {
+	envflag.Parse()
+	for _, fv := range []struct {
+		flag  string
+		value string
+	}{
+		{flag: "storageDataPath", value: storagePath},
+		{flag: "httpListenAddr", value: testHTTPListenAddr},
+		{flag: "graphiteListenAddr", value: testStatsDListenAddr},
+		{flag: "opentsdbListenAddr", value: testOpenTSDBListenAddr},
+		{flag: "loggerLevel", value: testLogLevel},
+		{flag: "opentsdbHTTPListenAddr", value: testOpenTSDBHTTPListenAddr},
+	} {
+		// panics if flag doesn't exist
+		if err := flag.Lookup(fv.flag).Value.Set(fv.value); err != nil {
+			log.Fatalf("unable to set %q with value %q, err: %v", fv.flag, fv.value, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func waitFor(timeout time.Duration, f func() bool) error {
+	fraction := timeout / 10
+	for i := fraction; i < timeout; i += fraction {
+		if f() {
+			return nil
+		}
+		time.Sleep(fraction)
+	}
+	return fmt.Errorf("timeout")
+}
+
+func tearDown() {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
+	}
+	vminsert.Stop()
+	vmstorage.Stop()
+	vmselect.Stop()
+	fs.MustRemoveAll(storagePath)
+}
+
+func TestWriteRead(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("write", testWrite)
+	time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
+	vmstorage.Stop()
+	// open storage after stop in write
+	vmstorage.InitWithoutMetrics(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
+	t.Run("read", testRead)
+}
+
+func testWrite(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("prometheus", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, test := range readIn("prometheus", t, insertionTime) {
+			s := newSuite(t)
+			r := testutil.WriteRequest{}
+			s.noError(json.Unmarshal([]byte(strings.Join(test.Data, "\n")), &r.Timeseries))
+			data, err := testutil.Compress(r)
+			s.greaterThan(len(r.Timeseries), 0)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("error compressing %v %s", r, err)
+				t.Fail()
+			}
+			httpWrite(t, testPromWriteHTTPPath, bytes.NewBuffer(data))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("influxdb", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, x := range readIn("influxdb", t, insertionTime) {
+			test := x
+			t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Parallel()
+				httpWrite(t, testWriteHTTPPath, bytes.NewBufferString(strings.Join(test.Data, "\n")))
+			})
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("graphite", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, x := range readIn("graphite", t, insertionTime) {
+			test := x
+			t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Parallel()
+				tcpWrite(t, "127.0.0.1"+testStatsDListenAddr, strings.Join(test.Data, "\n"))
+			})
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("opentsdb", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, x := range readIn("opentsdb", t, insertionTime) {
+			test := x
+			t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Parallel()
+				tcpWrite(t, "127.0.0.1"+testOpenTSDBListenAddr, strings.Join(test.Data, "\n"))
+			})
+		}
+	})
+	t.Run("opentsdbhttp", func(t *testing.T) {
+		for _, x := range readIn("opentsdbhttp", t, insertionTime) {
+			test := x
+			t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+				t.Parallel()
+				logger.Infof("writing %s", test.Data)
+				httpWrite(t, testOpenTSDBWriteHTTPPath, bytes.NewBufferString(strings.Join(test.Data, "\n")))
+			})
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+func testRead(t *testing.T) {
+	for _, engine := range []string{"prometheus", "graphite", "opentsdb", "influxdb", "opentsdbhttp"} {
+		t.Run(engine, func(t *testing.T) {
+			for _, x := range readIn(engine, t, insertionTime) {
+				test := x
+				t.Run(test.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+					t.Parallel()
+					for _, q := range test.Query {
+						q = testutil.PopulateTimeTplString(q, insertionTime)
+						if test.Issue != "" {
+							test.Issue = "Regression in " + test.Issue
+						}
+						switch true {
+						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/export"):
+							if err := checkMetricsResult(httpReadMetrics(t, testReadHTTPPath, q), test.ResultMetrics); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Export. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							}
+						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/series"):
+							s := Series{}
+							httpReadStruct(t, testReadHTTPPath, q, &s)
+							if err := checkSeriesResult(s, test.ResultSeries); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Series. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							}
+						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/query_range"):
+							queryResult := QueryRange{}
+							httpReadStruct(t, testReadHTTPPath, q, &queryResult)
+							if err := checkQueryRangeResult(queryResult, test.ResultQueryRange); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Query Range. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							}
+						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/query"):
+							queryResult := Query{}
+							httpReadStruct(t, testReadHTTPPath, q, &queryResult)
+							if err := checkQueryResult(queryResult, test.ResultQuery); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Query. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							}
+						default:
+							t.Fatalf("unsupported read query %s", q)
+						}
+					}
+				})
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func readIn(readFor string, t *testing.T, insertTime time.Time) []test {
+	t.Helper()
+	s := newSuite(t)
+	var tt []test
+	s.noError(filepath.Walk(filepath.Join(testFixturesDir, readFor), func(path string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if filepath.Ext(path) != ".json" {
+			return nil
+		}
+		b, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+		s.noError(err)
+		item := test{}
+		s.noError(json.Unmarshal(b, &item))
+		for i := range item.Data {
+			item.Data[i] = testutil.PopulateTimeTplString(item.Data[i], insertTime)
+		}
+		tt = append(tt, item)
+		return nil
+	}))
+	if len(tt) == 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("no test found in %s", filepath.Join(testFixturesDir, readFor))
+	}
+	return tt
+}
+
+func httpWrite(t *testing.T, address string, r io.Reader) {
+	t.Helper()
+	s := newSuite(t)
+	resp, err := http.Post(address, "", r)
+	s.noError(err)
+	s.noError(resp.Body.Close())
+	s.equalInt(resp.StatusCode, 204)
+}
+
+func tcpWrite(t *testing.T, address string, data string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	s := newSuite(t)
+	conn, err := net.Dial("tcp", address)
+	s.noError(err)
+	defer conn.Close()
+	n, err := conn.Write([]byte(data))
+	s.noError(err)
+	s.equalInt(n, len(data))
+}
+
+func httpReadMetrics(t *testing.T, address, query string) []Metric {
+	t.Helper()
+	s := newSuite(t)
+	resp, err := http.Get(address + query)
+	s.noError(err)
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	s.equalInt(resp.StatusCode, 200)
+	var rows []Metric
+	for dec := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body); dec.More(); {
+		var row Metric
+		s.noError(dec.Decode(&row))
+		rows = append(rows, row)
+	}
+	return rows
+}
+func httpReadStruct(t *testing.T, address, query string, dst interface{}) {
+	t.Helper()
+	s := newSuite(t)
+	resp, err := http.Get(address + query)
+	s.noError(err)
+	defer resp.Body.Close()
+	s.equalInt(resp.StatusCode, 200)
+	s.noError(json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(dst))
+}
+
+func checkMetricsResult(got, want []Metric) error {
+	for _, r := range append([]Metric(nil), got...) {
+		want = removeIfFoundMetrics(r, want)
+	}
+	if len(want) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected metrics %+v not found in %+v", want, got)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundMetrics(r Metric, contains []Metric) []Metric {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r.Metric, item.Metric) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Values, item.Values) &&
+			reflect.DeepEqual(r.Timestamps, item.Timestamps) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
+func checkSeriesResult(got, want Series) error {
+	if got.Status != want.Status {
+		return fmt.Errorf("status mismatch %q - %q", want.Status, got.Status)
+	}
+	wantData := append([]map[string]string(nil), want.Data...)
+	for _, r := range got.Data {
+		wantData = removeIfFoundSeries(r, wantData)
+	}
+	if len(wantData) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected seria(s) %+v not found in %+v", wantData, got.Data)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundSeries(r map[string]string, contains []map[string]string) []map[string]string {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r, item) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
+func checkQueryResult(got, want Query) error {
+	if got.Status != want.Status {
+		return fmt.Errorf("status mismatch %q - %q", want.Status, got.Status)
+	}
+	if got.Data.ResultType != want.Data.ResultType {
+		return fmt.Errorf("result type mismatch %q - %q", want.Data.ResultType, got.Data.ResultType)
+	}
+	wantData := append([]QueryDataResult(nil), want.Data.Result...)
+	for _, r := range got.Data.Result {
+		wantData = removeIfFoundQueryData(r, wantData)
+	}
+	if len(wantData) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected query result %+v not found in %+v", wantData, got.Data.Result)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundQueryData(r QueryDataResult, contains []QueryDataResult) []QueryDataResult {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r.Metric, item.Metric) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Value[0], item.Value[0]) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Value[1], item.Value[1]) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
+func checkQueryRangeResult(got, want QueryRange) error {
+	if got.Status != want.Status {
+		return fmt.Errorf("status mismatch %q - %q", want.Status, got.Status)
+	}
+	if got.Data.ResultType != want.Data.ResultType {
+		return fmt.Errorf("result type mismatch %q - %q", want.Data.ResultType, got.Data.ResultType)
+	}
+	wantData := append([]QueryRangeDataResult(nil), want.Data.Result...)
+	for _, r := range got.Data.Result {
+		wantData = removeIfFoundQueryRangeData(r, wantData)
+	}
+	if len(wantData) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected query range result %+v not found in %+v", wantData, got.Data.Result)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundQueryRangeData(r QueryRangeDataResult, contains []QueryRangeDataResult) []QueryRangeDataResult {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r.Metric, item.Metric) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Values, item.Values) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
+type suite struct{ t *testing.T }
+
+func newSuite(t *testing.T) *suite { return &suite{t: t} }
+
+func (s *suite) noError(err error) {
+	s.t.Helper()
+	if err != nil {
+		s.t.Errorf("unexpected error %v", err)
+		s.t.FailNow()
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *suite) equalInt(a, b int) {
+	s.t.Helper()
+	if a != b {
+		s.t.Errorf("%d not equal %d", a, b)
+		s.t.FailNow()
+	}
+}
+
+func (s *suite) greaterThan(a, b int) {
+	s.t.Helper()
+	if a <= b {
+		s.t.Errorf("%d less or equal then %d", a, b)
+		s.t.FailNow()
+	}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/self_scraper.go

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompb"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/prometheus"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/storage"
+)
+
+var (
+	selfScrapeInterval = flag.Duration("selfScrapeInterval", 0, "Interval for self-scraping own metrics at /metrics page")
+	selfScrapeInstance = flag.String("selfScrapeInstance", "self", "Value for 'instance' label, which is added to self-scraped metrics")
+	selfScrapeJob      = flag.String("selfScrapeJob", "victoria-metrics", "Value for 'job' label, which is added to self-scraped metrics")
+)
+
+var selfScraperStopCh chan struct{}
+var selfScraperWG sync.WaitGroup
+
+func startSelfScraper() {
+	selfScraperStopCh = make(chan struct{})
+	selfScraperWG.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer selfScraperWG.Done()
+		selfScraper(*selfScrapeInterval)
+	}()
+}
+
+func stopSelfScraper() {
+	close(selfScraperStopCh)
+	selfScraperWG.Wait()
+}
+
+func selfScraper(scrapeInterval time.Duration) {
+	if scrapeInterval <= 0 {
+		// Self-scrape is disabled.
+		return
+	}
+	logger.Infof("started self-scraping `/metrics` page with interval %.3f seconds", scrapeInterval.Seconds())
+
+	var bb bytesutil.ByteBuffer
+	var rows prometheus.Rows
+	var mrs []storage.MetricRow
+	var labels []prompb.Label
+	t := time.NewTicker(scrapeInterval)
+	var currentTimestamp int64
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-selfScraperStopCh:
+			t.Stop()
+			logger.Infof("stopped self-scraping `/metrics` page")
+			return
+		case currentTime := <-t.C:
+			currentTimestamp = currentTime.UnixNano() / 1e6
+		}
+		bb.Reset()
+		httpserver.WritePrometheusMetrics(&bb)
+		s := bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(bb.B)
+		rows.Reset()
+		rows.Unmarshal(s)
+		mrs = mrs[:0]
+		for i := range rows.Rows {
+			r := &rows.Rows[i]
+			labels = labels[:0]
+			labels = addLabel(labels, "", r.Metric)
+			labels = addLabel(labels, "job", *selfScrapeJob)
+			labels = addLabel(labels, "instance", *selfScrapeInstance)
+			for j := range r.Tags {
+				t := &r.Tags[j]
+				labels = addLabel(labels, t.Key, t.Value)
+			}
+			if len(mrs) < cap(mrs) {
+				mrs = mrs[:len(mrs)+1]
+			} else {
+				mrs = append(mrs, storage.MetricRow{})
+			}
+			mr := &mrs[len(mrs)-1]
+			mr.MetricNameRaw = storage.MarshalMetricNameRaw(mr.MetricNameRaw[:0], labels)
+			mr.Timestamp = currentTimestamp
+			mr.Value = r.Value
+		}
+		vmstorage.AddRows(mrs)
+	}
+}
+
+func addLabel(dst []prompb.Label, key, value string) []prompb.Label {
+	if len(dst) < cap(dst) {
+		dst = dst[:len(dst)+1]
+	} else {
+		dst = append(dst, prompb.Label{})
+	}
+	lb := &dst[len(dst)-1]
+	lb.Name = bytesutil.ToUnsafeBytes(key)
+	lb.Value = bytesutil.ToUnsafeBytes(value)
+	return dst
+}

app/victoria-metrics/test/parser.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package test
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	parseTimeExpRegex = regexp.MustCompile(`"?{TIME[^}]*}"?`)
+	extractRegex      = regexp.MustCompile(`"?{([^}]*)}"?`)
+)
+
+// PopulateTimeTplString substitutes {TIME_*} with t in s and returns the result.
+func PopulateTimeTplString(s string, t time.Time) string {
+	return string(PopulateTimeTpl([]byte(s), t))
+}
+
+// PopulateTimeTpl substitutes {TIME_*} with tGlobal in b and returns the result.
+func PopulateTimeTpl(b []byte, tGlobal time.Time) []byte {
+	return parseTimeExpRegex.ReplaceAllFunc(b, func(repl []byte) []byte {
+		t := tGlobal
+		repl = extractRegex.FindSubmatch(repl)[1]
+		parts := strings.SplitN(string(repl), "-", 2)
+		if len(parts) == 2 {
+			duration, err := time.ParseDuration(strings.TrimSpace(parts[1]))
+			if err != nil {
+				log.Fatalf("error %s parsing duration %s in %s", err, parts[1], repl)
+			}
+			t = t.Add(-duration)
+		}
+		switch strings.TrimSpace(parts[0]) {
+		case `TIME_S`:
+			return []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d", t.Unix()))
+		case `TIME_MSZ`:
+			return []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d", t.Unix()*1e3))
+		case `TIME_MS`:
+			return []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d", timeToMillis(t)))
+		case `TIME_NS`:
+			return []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%d", t.UnixNano()))
+		default:
+			log.Fatalf("unknown time pattern %s in %s", parts[0], repl)
+		}
+		return repl
+	})
+}
+
+func timeToMillis(t time.Time) int64 {
+	return t.UnixNano() / 1e6
+}

app/victoria-metrics/test/parser_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package test
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestPopulateTimeTplString(t *testing.T) {
+	now, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected error when parsing time: %s", err)
+	}
+	f := func(s, resultExpected string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		result := PopulateTimeTplString(s, now)
+		if result != resultExpected {
+			t.Fatalf("unexpected result; got %q; want %q", result, resultExpected)
+		}
+	}
+	f("", "")
+	f("{TIME_S}", "1136214245")
+	f("now: {TIME_S}, past 30s: {TIME_MS-30s}, now: {TIME_S}", "now: 1136214245, past 30s: 1136214215000, now: 1136214245")
+	f("now: {TIME_MS}, past 30m: {TIME_MSZ-30m}, past 2h: {TIME_NS-2h}", "now: 1136214245000, past 30m: 1136212445000, past 2h: 1136207045000000000")
+}

app/victoria-metrics/test/prom_types.go

@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+package test
+
+// Source https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/blob/master/prompb/remote.pb.go . Code is copy pasted and cleaned up
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"math"
+	"math/bits"
+)
+
+// WriteRequest is write request
+type WriteRequest struct {
+	Timeseries []TimeSeries `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=timeseries,proto3" json:"timeseries"`
+}
+
+// Size returns m size in bytes after marshaling.
+func (m *WriteRequest) Size() (n int) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var l int
+	_ = l
+	if len(m.Timeseries) > 0 {
+		for _, e := range m.Timeseries {
+			l = e.Size()
+			n += 1 + l + sovRemote(uint64(l))
+		}
+	}
+	return n
+}
+func sovRemote(x uint64) (n int) {
+	return (bits.Len64(x|1) + 6) / 7
+}
+
+// Marshal marshals m.
+func (m *WriteRequest) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	dAtA = make([]byte, size)
+	n, err := m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return dAtA[:n], nil
+}
+
+// MarshalTo marshals m to dAtA
+func (m *WriteRequest) MarshalTo(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	return m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+}
+
+// MarshalToSizedBuffer marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *WriteRequest) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	i := len(dAtA)
+	if len(m.Timeseries) > 0 {
+		for iNdEx := len(m.Timeseries) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
+			{
+				size, err := m.Timeseries[iNdEx].MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:i])
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+				i -= size
+				i = encodeVarintRemote(dAtA, i, uint64(size))
+			}
+			i--
+			dAtA[i] = 0xa
+		}
+	}
+	return len(dAtA) - i, nil
+}
+
+func encodeVarintRemote(dAtA []byte, offset int, v uint64) int {
+	offset -= sovRemote(v)
+	base := offset
+	for v >= 1<<7 {
+		dAtA[offset] = uint8(v&0x7f | 0x80)
+		v >>= 7
+		offset++
+	}
+	dAtA[offset] = uint8(v)
+	return base
+}
+
+// Sample is time series sample.
+type Sample struct {
+	Value     float64 `protobuf:"fixed64,1,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
+	Timestamp int64   `protobuf:"varint,2,opt,name=timestamp,proto3" json:"timestamp,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Reset resets m.
+func (m *Sample) Reset() { *m = Sample{} }
+
+// TimeSeries represents samples and labels for a single time series.
+type TimeSeries struct {
+	Labels  []Label  `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=labels,proto3" json:"labels"`
+	Samples []Sample `protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=samples,proto3" json:"samples"`
+}
+
+// Reset resets m.
+func (m *TimeSeries) Reset() { *m = TimeSeries{} }
+
+// Label is time series label.
+type Label struct {
+	Name  string `protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=name,proto3" json:"name,omitempty"`
+	Value string `protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=value,proto3" json:"value,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// Reset resets m.
+func (m *Label) Reset() { *m = Label{} }
+
+// Labels is a set of labels.
+type Labels struct {
+	Labels []Label `protobuf:"bytes,1,rep,name=labels,proto3" json:"labels"`
+}
+
+// Reset resets m.
+func (m *Labels) Reset() { *m = Labels{} }
+
+// Marshal marshals m.
+func (m *Sample) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	dAtA = make([]byte, size)
+	n, err := m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return dAtA[:n], nil
+}
+
+// MarshalTo marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Sample) MarshalTo(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	return m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+}
+
+// MarshalToSizedBuffer marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Sample) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	i := len(dAtA)
+	if m.Timestamp != 0 {
+		i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(m.Timestamp))
+		i--
+		dAtA[i] = 0x10
+	}
+	if m.Value != 0 {
+		i -= 8
+		binary.LittleEndian.PutUint64(dAtA[i:], uint64(math.Float64bits(float64(m.Value))))
+		i--
+		dAtA[i] = 0x9
+	}
+	return len(dAtA) - i, nil
+}
+
+// Marshal marshals m.
+func (m *TimeSeries) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	dAtA = make([]byte, size)
+	n, err := m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return dAtA[:n], nil
+}
+
+// MarshalTo marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *TimeSeries) MarshalTo(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	return m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+}
+
+// MarshalToSizedBuffer marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *TimeSeries) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	i := len(dAtA)
+	if len(m.Samples) > 0 {
+		for iNdEx := len(m.Samples) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
+			{
+				size, err := m.Samples[iNdEx].MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:i])
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+				i -= size
+				i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(size))
+			}
+			i--
+			dAtA[i] = 0x12
+		}
+	}
+	if len(m.Labels) > 0 {
+		for iNdEx := len(m.Labels) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
+			{
+				size, err := m.Labels[iNdEx].MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:i])
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+				i -= size
+				i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(size))
+			}
+			i--
+			dAtA[i] = 0xa
+		}
+	}
+	return len(dAtA) - i, nil
+}
+
+// Marshal marshals m.
+func (m *Label) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	dAtA = make([]byte, size)
+	n, err := m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return dAtA[:n], nil
+}
+
+// MarshalTo marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Label) MarshalTo(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	return m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+}
+
+// MarshalToSizedBuffer marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Label) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	i := len(dAtA)
+	_ = i
+	var l int
+	_ = l
+	if len(m.Value) > 0 {
+		i -= len(m.Value)
+		copy(dAtA[i:], m.Value)
+		i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(len(m.Value)))
+		i--
+		dAtA[i] = 0x12
+	}
+	if len(m.Name) > 0 {
+		i -= len(m.Name)
+		copy(dAtA[i:], m.Name)
+		i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(len(m.Name)))
+		i--
+		dAtA[i] = 0xa
+	}
+	return len(dAtA) - i, nil
+}
+
+// Marshal marshals m.
+func (m *Labels) Marshal() (dAtA []byte, err error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	dAtA = make([]byte, size)
+	n, err := m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return dAtA[:n], nil
+}
+
+// MarshalTo marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Labels) MarshalTo(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	size := m.Size()
+	return m.MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:size])
+}
+
+// MarshalToSizedBuffer marshals m to dAtA.
+func (m *Labels) MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA []byte) (int, error) {
+	i := len(dAtA)
+	if len(m.Labels) > 0 {
+		for iNdEx := len(m.Labels) - 1; iNdEx >= 0; iNdEx-- {
+			{
+				size, err := m.Labels[iNdEx].MarshalToSizedBuffer(dAtA[:i])
+				if err != nil {
+					return 0, err
+				}
+				i -= size
+				i = encodeVarintTypes(dAtA, i, uint64(size))
+			}
+			i--
+			dAtA[i] = 0xa
+		}
+	}
+	return len(dAtA) - i, nil
+}
+
+func encodeVarintTypes(dAtA []byte, offset int, v uint64) int {
+	offset -= sovTypes(v)
+	base := offset
+	for v >= 1<<7 {
+		dAtA[offset] = uint8(v&0x7f | 0x80)
+		v >>= 7
+		offset++
+	}
+	dAtA[offset] = uint8(v)
+	return base
+}
+
+// Size returns the size of marshaled m.
+func (m *Sample) Size() (n int) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	if m.Value != 0 {
+		n += 9
+	}
+	if m.Timestamp != 0 {
+		n += 1 + sovTypes(uint64(m.Timestamp))
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// Size returns the size of marshaled m.
+func (m *TimeSeries) Size() (n int) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var l int
+	_ = l
+	if len(m.Labels) > 0 {
+		for _, e := range m.Labels {
+			l = e.Size()
+			n += 1 + l + sovTypes(uint64(l))
+		}
+	}
+	if len(m.Samples) > 0 {
+		for _, e := range m.Samples {
+			l = e.Size()
+			n += 1 + l + sovTypes(uint64(l))
+		}
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// Size returns the size of marshaled m.
+func (m *Label) Size() (n int) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var l int
+	_ = l
+	l = len(m.Name)
+	if l > 0 {
+		n += 1 + l + sovTypes(uint64(l))
+	}
+	l = len(m.Value)
+	if l > 0 {
+		n += 1 + l + sovTypes(uint64(l))
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+// Size returns the size of marshaled m.
+func (m *Labels) Size() (n int) {
+	if m == nil {
+		return 0
+	}
+	var l int
+	_ = l
+	if len(m.Labels) > 0 {
+		for _, e := range m.Labels {
+			l = e.Size()
+			n += 1 + l + sovTypes(uint64(l))
+		}
+	}
+	return n
+}
+
+func sovTypes(x uint64) (n int) {
+	return (bits.Len64(x|1) + 6) / 7
+}

app/victoria-metrics/test/prom_writter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+package test
+
+import "github.com/golang/snappy"
+
+// Compress marshals and compresses wr.
+func Compress(wr WriteRequest) ([]byte, error) {
+	data, err := wr.Marshal()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return snappy.Encode(nil, data), nil
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/basic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "basic_insertion",
+  "data": ["graphite.foo.bar.baz;tag1=value1;tag2=value2 123 {TIME_S}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"graphite.foo.bar.baz","tag1":"value1","tag2":"value2"},"values":[123], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MSZ}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/comparison-not-inf-not-nan.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "name": "comparison-not-inf-not-nan",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/150",
+  "data": [
+    "not_nan_not_inf;item=x 1 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "not_nan_not_inf;item=x 1 {TIME_S-2m}",
+    "not_nan_not_inf;item=y 3 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "not_nan_not_inf;item=y 1 {TIME_S-2m}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=1/(not_nan_not_inf-1)!=inf!=nan&start={TIME_S-3m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
+  "result_query_range": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
+      "result":[
+	      {"metric":{"item":"y"},"values":[["{TIME_S-1m}","0.5"],["{TIME_S}","0.5"]]}
+      ]}}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/empty-label-match.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "name": "empty-label-match",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/395",
+  "data": [
+    "empty_label_match 1 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "empty_label_match;foo=bar 2 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "empty_label_match;foo=baz 3 {TIME_S-1m}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=empty_label_match{foo=~'bar|'}&start={TIME_S-1m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
+  "result_query_range": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
+      "result":[
+	      {"metric":{"__name__":"empty_label_match"},"values":[["{TIME_S-1m}","1"],["{TIME_S}","1"]]},
+	      {"metric":{"__name__":"empty_label_match","foo":"bar"},"values":[["{TIME_S-1m}","2"],["{TIME_S}","2"]]}
+      ]}}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_set.json

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+{
+  "name": "max_lookback_set",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/209",
+  "data": [
+    "max_lookback_set 1 {TIME_S-30s}",
+    "max_lookback_set 2 {TIME_S-60s}",
+    "max_lookback_set 3 {TIME_S-120s}",
+    "max_lookback_set 4 {TIME_S-150s}"
+  ],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=max_lookback_set&start={TIME_S-150s}&end={TIME_S}&step=10s&max_lookback=1s"],
+  "result_query_range": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
+      "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"max_lookback_set"},"values":[
+	      ["{TIME_S-150s}","4"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-120s}","3"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-60s}","2"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-30s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-20s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-10s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-0s}","1"]
+      ]}]}}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_unset.json

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+{
+  "name": "max_lookback_unset",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/209",
+  "data": [
+    "max_lookback_unset 1 {TIME_S-30s}",
+    "max_lookback_unset 2 {TIME_S-60s}",
+    "max_lookback_unset 3 {TIME_S-120s}",
+    "max_lookback_unset 4 {TIME_S-150s}"
+  ],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=max_lookback_unset&start={TIME_S-150s}&end={TIME_S}&step=10s"],
+  "result_query_range": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
+      "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"max_lookback_unset"},"values":[
+	      ["{TIME_S-150s}","4"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-140s}","4"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-130s}","4"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-120s}","3"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-110s}","3"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-100s}","3"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-90s}","3"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-60s}","2"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-50s}","2"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-40s}","2"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-30s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-20s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-10s}","1"],
+	      ["{TIME_S-0s}","1"]
+      ]}]}}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/not-nan-as-missing-data.json

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+{
+  "name": "not-nan-as-missing-data",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/153",
+  "data": [
+    "not_nan_as_missing_data;item=x 2 {TIME_S-2m}",
+    "not_nan_as_missing_data;item=x 1 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "not_nan_as_missing_data;item=y 4 {TIME_S-2m}",
+    "not_nan_as_missing_data;item=y 3 {TIME_S-1m}"
+  ],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=not_nan_as_missing_data>1&start={TIME_S-2m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
+  "result_query_range": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
+      "result":[
+	      {"metric":{"__name__":"not_nan_as_missing_data","item":"x"},"values":[["{TIME_S-2m}","2"]]},
+	      {"metric":{"__name__":"not_nan_as_missing_data","item":"y"},"values":[["{TIME_S-2m}","4"],["{TIME_S-1m}","3"],["{TIME_S}","3"]]}
+      ]}}
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/subquery-aggregation.json

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+{
+  "name": "subquery-aggregation",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/184",
+  "data": [
+    "forms_daily_count;item=x 1 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "forms_daily_count;item=x 2 {TIME_S-2m}",
+    "forms_daily_count;item=y 3 {TIME_S-1m}",
+    "forms_daily_count;item=y 4 {TIME_S-2m}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/query?query=min%20by%20(item)%20(min_over_time(forms_daily_count[10m:1m]))&time={TIME_S-1m}"],
+  "result_query": {
+    "status":"success",
+    "data":{"resultType":"vector","result":[{"metric":{"item":"x"},"value":["{TIME_S-1m}","2"]},{"metric":{"item":"y"},"value":["{TIME_S-1m}","4"]}]}
+  }
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/influxdb/basic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "name": "basic_insertion",
+  "data": ["measurement,tag1=value1,tag2=value2 field1=1.23,field2=123 {TIME_NS}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"measurement_field2","tag1":"value1","tag2":"value2"},"values":[123], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]},
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"measurement_field1","tag1":"value1","tag2":"value2"},"values":[1.23], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/opentsdb/basic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "basic_insertion",
+  "data": ["put openstdb.foo.bar.baz {TIME_S} 123 tag1=value1 tag2=value2"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"openstdb.foo.bar.baz","tag1":"value1","tag2":"value2"},"values":[123], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MSZ}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/opentsdbhttp/basic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "basic_insertion",
+  "data": ["{\"metric\": \"opentsdbhttp.foo\", \"value\": 1001, \"timestamp\": {TIME_S}, \"tags\": {\"bar\":\"baz\", \"x\": \"y\"}}"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"opentsdbhttp.foo","bar":"baz","x":"y"},"values":[1001], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MSZ}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/opentsdbhttp/multi_line.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "name": "multiline",
+  "data": ["[{\"metric\": \"opentsdbhttp.multiline1\", \"value\": 1001, \"timestamp\": \"{TIME_S}\", \"tags\": {\"bar\":\"baz\", \"x\": \"y\"}}, {\"metric\": \"opentsdbhttp.multiline2\", \"value\": 1002, \"timestamp\": {TIME_S}}]"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"opentsdbhttp.multiline1","bar":"baz","x":"y"},"values":[1001], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MSZ}"]},
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"opentsdbhttp.multiline2"},"values":[1002], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MSZ}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/basic.json

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+  "name": "basic_insertion",
+  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"prometheus.bar\"},{\"name\":\"baz\",\"value\":\"qux\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":100000,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]}]"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"prometheus.bar","baz":"qux"},"values":[100000], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/case-sensitive-regex.json

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+{
+  "name": "case-sensitive-regex",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/161",
+  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"prometheus.sensitiveRegex\"},{\"name\":\"label\",\"value\":\"sensitiveRegex\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":2,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]},{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"prometheus.sensitiveRegex\"},{\"name\":\"label\",\"value\":\"SensitiveRegex\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]}]"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={label=~'(?i)sensitiveregex'}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"prometheus.sensitiveRegex","label":"sensitiveRegex"},"values":[2], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]},
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"prometheus.sensitiveRegex","label":"SensitiveRegex"},"values":[1], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/duplicate-label.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "name": "duplicate_label",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/172",
+  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"prometheus.duplicate_label\"},{\"name\":\"duplicate\",\"value\":\"label\"},{\"name\":\"duplicate\",\"value\":\"label\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]}]"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/export?match={__name__!=''}"],
+  "result_metrics": [
+    {"metric":{"__name__":"prometheus.duplicate_label","duplicate":"label"},"values":[1], "timestamps": ["{TIME_MS}"]}
+  ]
+}

app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/match-series.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "name": "match_series",
+  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/155",
+  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"MatchSeries\"},{\"name\":\"db\",\"value\":\"TenMinute\"},{\"name\":\"TurbineType\",\"value\":\"V112\"},{\"name\":\"Park\",\"value\":\"1\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]},{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"MatchSeries\"},{\"name\":\"db\",\"value\":\"TenMinute\"},{\"name\":\"TurbineType\",\"value\":\"V112\"},{\"name\":\"Park\",\"value\":\"2\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]},{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"MatchSeries\"},{\"name\":\"db\",\"value\":\"TenMinute\"},{\"name\":\"TurbineType\",\"value\":\"V112\"},{\"name\":\"Park\",\"value\":\"3\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]},{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"MatchSeries\"},{\"name\":\"db\",\"value\":\"TenMinute\"},{\"name\":\"TurbineType\",\"value\":\"V112\"},{\"name\":\"Park\",\"value\":\"4\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS}\"}]}]"],
+  "query": ["/api/v1/series?match[]={__name__='MatchSeries'}", "/api/v1/series?match[]={__name__=~'MatchSeries.*'}"],
+  "result_series": {
+    "status": "success",
+    "data": [
+      {"__name__":"MatchSeries","db":"TenMinute","Park":"1","TurbineType":"V112"},
+      {"__name__":"MatchSeries","db":"TenMinute","Park":"2","TurbineType":"V112"},
+      {"__name__":"MatchSeries","db":"TenMinute","Park":"3","TurbineType":"V112"},
+      {"__name__":"MatchSeries","db":"TenMinute","Park":"4","TurbineType":"V112"}
+    ]
+  }
+}

app/vmagent/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+# All these commands must run from repository root.
+
+vmagent:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-local
+
+vmagent-race:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent RACE=-race $(MAKE) app-local
+
+vmagent-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker
+
+vmagent-pure-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-pure
+
+vmagent-amd64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-amd64
+
+vmagent-arm-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm
+
+vmagent-arm64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm64
+
+vmagent-ppc64le-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+vmagent-386-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-via-docker-386
+
+package-vmagent:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker
+
+package-vmagent-pure:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-pure
+
+package-vmagent-amd64:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-amd64
+
+package-vmagent-arm:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm
+
+package-vmagent-arm64:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm64
+
+package-vmagent-ppc64le:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+package-vmagent-386:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) package-via-docker-386
+
+publish-vmagent:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) publish-via-docker
+
+run-vmagent:
+	mkdir -p vmagent-remotewrite-data
+	DOCKER_OPTS='-v $(shell pwd)/vmagent-remotewrite-data:/vmagent-remotewrite-data' \
+	ARGS='-remoteWrite.url=http://localhost:8428/api/v1/write' \
+	APP_NAME=vmagent \
+	$(MAKE) run-via-docker
+
+vmagent-amd64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=amd64 $(MAKE) vmagent-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-arm:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=arm $(MAKE) vmagent-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-arm64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=arm64 $(MAKE) vmagent-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-ppc64le:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=ppc64le $(MAKE) vmagent-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-386:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=386 $(MAKE) vmagent-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-local-with-goarch:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-local-with-goarch
+
+vmagent-pure:
+	APP_NAME=vmagent $(MAKE) app-local-pure

app/vmagent/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,386 @@
+## vmagent
+
+`vmagent` is a tiny but brave agent, which helps you collect metrics from various sources
+and stores them in [VictoriaMetrics](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics)
+or any other Prometheus-compatible storage system that supports the `remote_write` protocol.
+
+<img alt="vmagent" src="vmagent.png">
+
+
+### Motivation
+
+While VictoriaMetrics provides an efficient solution to store and observe metrics, our users needed something fast
+and RAM friendly to scrape metrics from Prometheus-compatible exporters to VictoriaMetrics.
+Also, we found that users’ infrastructure are snowflakes - no two are alike, and we decided to add more flexibility
+to `vmagent` (like the ability to push metrics instead of pulling them). We did our best and plan to do even more.
+
+
+### Features
+
+* Can be used as drop-in replacement for Prometheus for scraping targets such as [node_exporter](https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter).
+  See [Quick Start](#quick-start) for details.
+* Can add, remove and modify labels (aka tags) via Prometheus relabeling. Can filter data before sending it to remote storage. See [these docs](#relabeling) for details.
+* Accepts data via all the ingestion protocols supported by VictoriaMetrics:
+  * Influx line protocol via `http://<vmagent>:8429/write`. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-send-data-from-influxdb-compatible-agents-such-as-telegraf).
+  * Graphite plaintext protocol if `-graphiteListenAddr` command-line flag is set. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-send-data-from-graphite-compatible-agents-such-as-statsd).
+  * OpenTSDB telnet and http protocols if `-opentsdbListenAddr` command-line flag is set. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-send-data-from-opentsdb-compatible-agents).
+  * Prometheus remote write protocol via `http://<vmagent>:8429/api/v1/write`.
+  * JSON lines import protocol via `http://<vmagent>:8429/api/v1/import`. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-import-data-in-json-line-format).
+  * Native data import protocol via `http://<vmagent>:8429/api/v1/import/native`. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-import-data-in-native-format).
+  * Data in Prometheus exposition format. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-import-data-in-prometheus-exposition-format) for details.
+  * Arbitrary CSV data via `http://<vmagent>:8429/api/v1/import/csv`. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-import-csv-data).
+* Can replicate collected metrics simultaneously to multiple remote storage systems.
+* Works in environments with unstable connections to remote storage. If the remote storage is unavailable, the collected metrics
+  are buffered at `-remoteWrite.tmpDataPath`. The buffered metrics are sent to remote storage as soon as connection
+  to remote storage is recovered. The maximum disk usage for the buffer can be limited with `-remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL`.
+* Uses lower amounts of RAM, CPU, disk IO and network bandwidth compared to Prometheus.
+
+
+### Quick Start
+
+Just download `vmutils-*` archive from [releases page](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases), unpack it
+and pass the following flags to `vmagent` binary in order to start scraping Prometheus targets:
+
+* `-promscrape.config` with the path to Prometheus config file (it is usually located at `/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml`)
+* `-remoteWrite.url` with the remote storage endpoint such as VictoriaMetrics. The `-remoteWrite.url` argument can be specified multiple times in order to replicate data concurrently to an arbitrary number of remote storage systems.
+
+Example command line:
+
+```
+/path/to/vmagent -promscrape.config=/path/to/prometheus.yml -remoteWrite.url=https://victoria-metrics-host:8428/api/v1/write
+```
+
+If you only need to collect Influx data, then the following is sufficient:
+
+```
+/path/to/vmagent -remoteWrite.url=https://victoria-metrics-host:8428/api/v1/write
+```
+
+Then send Influx data to `http://vmagent-host:8429`. See [these docs](https://victoriametrics.github.io/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html#how-to-send-data-from-influxdb-compatible-agents-such-as-telegraf) for more details.
+
+`vmagent` is also available in [docker images](https://hub.docker.com/r/victoriametrics/vmagent/tags).
+
+Pass `-help` to `vmagent` in order to see the full list of supported command-line flags with their descriptions.
+
+
+### Configuration update
+
+`vmagent` should be restarted in order to update config options set via command-line args.
+
+`vmagent` supports multiple approaches for reloading configs from updated config files such as `-promscrape.config`, `-remoteWrite.relabelConfig` and `-remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig`:
+
+* Sending `SUGHUP` signal to `vmagent` process:
+  ```bash
+  kill -SIGHUP `pidof vmagent`
+  ```
+
+* Sending HTTP request to `http://vmagent:8429/-/reload` endpoint.
+
+There is also `-promscrape.configCheckInterval` command-line option, which can be used for automatic reloading configs from updated `-promscrape.config` file.
+
+
+### Use cases
+
+
+#### IoT and Edge monitoring
+
+`vmagent` can run and collect metrics in IoT and industrial networks with unreliable or scheduled connections to the remote storage.
+It buffers the collected data in local files until the connection to remote storage becomes available and then sends the buffered
+data to the remote storage. It re-tries sending the data to remote storage on any errors.
+The maximum buffer size can be limited with `-remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL`.
+
+`vmagent` works on various architectures from IoT world - 32-bit arm, 64-bit arm, ppc64, 386, amd64.
+See [the corresponding Makefile rules](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/master/app/vmagent/Makefile) for details.
+
+
+#### Drop-in replacement for Prometheus
+
+If you use Prometheus only for scraping metrics from various targets and forwarding these metrics to remote storage,
+then `vmagent` can replace such Prometheus setup. Usually `vmagent` requires lower amounts of RAM, CPU and network bandwidth comparing to Prometheus for such a setup.
+See [these docs](#how-to-collect-metrics-in-prometheus-format) for details.
+
+
+#### Replication and high availability
+
+`vmagent` replicates the collected metrics among multiple remote storage instances configured via `-remoteWrite.url` args.
+If a single remote storage instance temporarily is out of service, then the collected data remains available in another remote storage instances.
+`vmagent` buffers the collected data in files at `-remoteWrite.tmpDataPath` until the remote storage becomes available again.
+Then it sends the buffered data to the remote storage in order to prevent data gaps in the remote storage.
+
+
+#### Relabeling and filtering
+
+`vmagent` can add, remove or update labels on the collected data before sending it to remote storage. Additionally,
+it can remove unwanted samples via Prometheus-like relabeling before sending the collected data to remote storage.
+See [these docs](#relabeling) for details.
+
+
+#### Splitting data streams among multiple systems
+
+`vmagent` supports splitting the collected data between muliple destinations with the help of `-remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig`,
+which is applied independently for each configured `-remoteWrite.url` destination. For instance, it is possible to replicate or split
+data among long-term remote storage, short-term remote storage and real-time analytical system [built on top of Kafka](https://github.com/Telefonica/prometheus-kafka-adapter).
+Note that each destination can receive its own subset of the collected data thanks to per-destination relabeling via `-remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig`.
+
+
+#### Prometheus remote_write proxy
+
+`vmagent` may be used as a proxy for Prometheus data sent via Prometheus `remote_write` protocol. It can accept data via `remote_write` API
+at `/api/v1/write` endpoint, apply relabeling and filtering and then proxy it to another `remote_write` systems.
+The `vmagent` can be configured to encrypt the incoming `remote_write` requests with `-tls*` command-line flags.
+Additionally, Basic Auth can be enabled for the incoming `remote_write` requests with `-httpAuth.*` command-line flags.
+
+
+
+### How to collect metrics in Prometheus format
+
+Pass the path to `prometheus.yml` to `-promscrape.config` command-line flag. `vmagent` takes into account the following
+sections from [Prometheus config file](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/):
+
+* `global`
+* `scrape_configs`
+
+All the other sections are ignored, including [remote_write](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#remote_write) section.
+Use `-remoteWrite.*` command-line flags instead for configuring remote write settings.
+
+The following scrape types in [scrape_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#scrape_config) section are supported:
+
+* `static_configs` - for scraping statically defined targets. See [these docs](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#static_config) for details.
+* `file_sd_configs` - for scraping targets defined in external files aka file-based service discover.
+  See [these docs](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#file_sd_config) for details.
+* `kubernetes_sd_configs` - for scraping targets in Kubernetes (k8s).
+  See [kubernetes_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#kubernetes_sd_config) for details.
+* `ec2_sd_configs` - for scraping targets in Amazon EC2.
+  See [ec2_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#ec2_sd_config) for details.
+  `vmagent` doesn't support `profile` config param and aws credentials file yet.
+* `gce_sd_configs` - for scraping targets in Google Compute Engine (GCE).
+  See [gce_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#gce_sd_config) for details.
+  `vmagent` provides the following additional functionality for `gce_sd_config`:
+  * if `project` arg is missing, then `vmagent` uses the project for the instance where it runs;
+  * if `zone` arg is missing, then `vmagent` uses the zone for the instance where it runs;
+  * if `zone` arg equals to `"*"`, then `vmagent` discovers all the zones for the given project;
+  * `zone` may contain arbitrary number of zones, i.e. `zone: [us-east1-a, us-east1-b]`.
+* `consul_sd_configs` - for scraping targets registered in Consul.
+  See [consul_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#consul_sd_config) for details.
+* `dns_sd_configs` - for scraping targets discovered from DNS records (SRV, A and AAAA).
+  See [dns_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#dns_sd_config) for details.
+* `openstack_sd_configs` - for scraping OpenStack targets.
+  See [openstack_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#openstack_sd_config) for details.
+  [OpenStack identity API v3](https://docs.openstack.org/api-ref/identity/v3/) is supported only.
+* `dockerswarm_sd_configs` - for scraping Docker Swarm targets.
+  See [dockerswarm_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#dockerswarm_sd_config) for details.
+* `eureka_sd_configs` - for scraping targets registered in [Netflix Eureka](https://github.com/Netflix/eureka).
+  See [eureka_sd_config](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#eureka_sd_config) for details.
+
+File feature requests at [our issue tracker](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues) if you need other service discovery mechanisms to be supported by `vmagent`.
+
+`vmagent` also support the following additional options in `scrape_config` section:
+
+* `disable_compression: true` - for disabling response compression on a per-job basis. By default `vmagent` requests compressed responses from scrape targets
+  in order to save network bandwidth.
+* `disable_keepalive: true` - for disabling [HTTP keep-alive connections](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_persistent_connection) on a per-job basis.
+  By default `vmagent` uses keep-alive connections to scrape targets in order to reduce overhead on connection re-establishing.
+
+Note that `vmagent` doesn't support `refresh_interval` option these scrape configs. Use the corresponding `-promscrape.*CheckInterval`
+command-line flag instead. For example, `-promscrape.consulSDCheckInterval=60s` sets `refresh_interval` for all the `consul_sd_configs`
+entries to 60s. Run `vmagent -help` in order to see default values for `-promscrape.*CheckInterval` flags.
+
+The file pointed by `-promscrape.config` may contain `%{ENV_VAR}` placeholders, which are substituted by the corresponding `ENV_VAR` environment variable values.
+
+
+### Adding labels to metrics
+
+Labels can be added to metrics via the following mechanisms:
+
+* Via `global -> external_labels` section in `-promscrape.config` file. These labels are added only to metrics scraped from targets configured in `-promscrape.config` file.
+* Via `-remoteWrite.label` command-line flag. These labels are added to all the collected metrics before sending them to `-remoteWrite.url`.
+
+
+### Relabeling
+
+`vmagent` supports [Prometheus relabeling](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#relabel_config).
+Additionally it provides the following extra actions:
+
+* `replace_all`: replaces all the occurences of `regex` in the values of `source_labels` with the `replacement` and stores the result in the `target_label`.
+* `labelmap_all`: replaces all the occurences of `regex` in all the label names with the `replacement`.
+* `keep_if_equal`: keeps the entry if all label values from `source_labels` are equal.
+* `drop_if_equal`: drops the entry if all the label values from `source_labels` are equal.
+
+The relabeling can be defined in the following places:
+
+* At `scrape_config -> relabel_configs` section in `-promscrape.config` file. This relabeling is applied to target labels.
+* At `scrape_config -> metric_relabel_configs` section in `-promscrape.config` file. This relabeling is applied to all the scraped metrics in the given `scrape_config`.
+* At `-remoteWrite.relabelConfig` file. This relabeling is aplied to all the collected metrics before sending them to remote storage.
+* At `-remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig` files. This relabeling is applied to metrics before sending them to the corresponding `-remoteWrite.url`.
+
+Read more about relabeling in the following articles:
+
+* [How to use Relabeling in Prometheus and VictoriaMetrics](https://valyala.medium.com/how-to-use-relabeling-in-prometheus-and-victoriametrics-8b90fc22c4b2)
+* [Life of a label](https://www.robustperception.io/life-of-a-label)
+* [Discarding targets and timeseries with relabeling](https://www.robustperception.io/relabelling-can-discard-targets-timeseries-and-alerts)
+* [Dropping labels at scrape time](https://www.robustperception.io/dropping-metrics-at-scrape-time-with-prometheus)
+* [Extracting labels from legacy metric names](https://www.robustperception.io/extracting-labels-from-legacy-metric-names)
+* [relabel_configs vs metric_relabel_configs](https://www.robustperception.io/relabel_configs-vs-metric_relabel_configs)
+
+
+### Monitoring
+
+`vmagent` exports various metrics in Prometheus exposition format at `http://vmagent-host:8429/metrics` page. It is recommended setting up regular scraping of this page
+either via `vmagent` itself or via Prometheus, so the exported metrics could be analyzed later.
+Use official [Grafana dashboard](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/12683) for `vmagent` state overview.
+If you have suggestions, improvements or found a bug - feel free to open an issue on github or add review to the dashboard.
+
+`vmagent` also exports target statuses at the following handlers:
+
+* `http://vmagent-host:8429/targets`. This handler returns human-readable plaintext status for every active target.
+This page is convenient to query from command line with `wget`, `curl` or similar tools.
+It accepts optional `show_original_labels=1` query arg, which shows the original labels per each target before applying relabeling.
+This information may be useful for debugging target relabeling.
+* `http://vmagent-host:8429/api/v1/targets`. This handler returns data compatible with [the corresponding page from Prometheus API](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/api/#targets).
+
+* `http://vmagent-host:8429/ready`. This handler returns http 200 status code when `vmagent` finishes initialization for all service_discovery configs.
+It may be useful for performing `vmagent` rolling update without scrape loss.
+
+
+### Troubleshooting
+
+* It is recommended [setting up the official Grafana dashboard](#monitoring) in order to monitor `vmagent` state.
+
+* It is recommended increasing the maximum number of open files in the system (`ulimit -n`) when scraping big number of targets,
+  since `vmagent` establishes at least a single TCP connection per each target.
+
+* When `vmagent` scrapes many unreliable targets, it can flood error log with scrape errors. These errors can be suppressed
+  by passing `-promscrape.suppressScrapeErrors` command-line flag to `vmagent`. The most recent scrape error per each target can be observed at `http://vmagent-host:8429/targets`
+  and `http://vmagent-host:8429/api/v1/targets`.
+
+* The `/api/v1/targets` page could be useful for debugging relabeling process for scrape targets.
+  This page contains original labels for targets dropped during relabeling (see "droppedTargets" section in the page output). By default up to `-promscrape.maxDroppedTargets` targets are shown here. If your setup drops more targets during relabeling, then increase `-promscrape.maxDroppedTargets` command-line flag value in order to see all the dropped targets. Note that tracking each dropped target requires up to 10Kb of RAM, so big values for `-promscrape.maxDroppedTargets` may result in increased memory usage if big number of scrape targets are dropped during relabeling.
+
+* If `vmagent` scrapes big number of targets, then `-promscrape.dropOriginalLabels` command-line option may be passed to `vmagent` in order to reduce memory usage.
+  This option drops `"discoveredLabels"` and `"droppedTargets"` lists at `/api/v1/targets` page, which may result in reduced debuggability for improperly configured per-target relabeling.
+
+* If `vmagent` scrapes targets with millions of metrics per each target (for instance, when scraping [federation endpoints](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/federation/)),
+  then it is recommended enabling `stream parsing mode` in order to reduce memory usage during scraping. This mode may be enabled either globally for all the scrape targets
+  by passing `-promscrape.streamParse` command-line flag or on a per-scrape target basis with `stream_parse: true` option. For example:
+
+  ```yml
+  scrape_configs:
+  - job_name: 'big-federate'
+    stream_parse: true
+    static_configs:
+    - targets:
+      - big-prometeus1
+      - big-prometeus2
+    honor_labels: true
+    metrics_path: /federate
+    params:
+      'match[]': ['{__name__!=""}']
+  ```
+
+  Note that `sample_limit` option doesn't work if stream parsing is enabled, since the parsed data is pushed to remote storage as soon as it is parsed. So `sample_limit` option
+  has no sense during stream parsing.
+
+* It is recommended to increase `-remoteWrite.queues` if `vmagent_remotewrite_pending_data_bytes` metric exported at `http://vmagent-host:8429/metrics` page constantly grows.
+
+* If you see gaps on the data pushed by `vmagent` to remote storage when `-remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL` is set, then try increasing `-remoteWrite.queues`.
+  Such gaps may appear because `vmagent` cannot keep up with sending the collected data to remote storage, so it starts dropping the buffered data
+  if the on-disk buffer size exceeds `-remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL`.
+
+* `vmagent` buffers scraped data at `-remoteWrite.tmpDataPath` directory until it is sent to `-remoteWrite.url`.
+  The directory can grow large when remote storage is unavailable for extended periods of time and if `-remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL` isn't set.
+  If you don't want to send all the data from the directory to remote storage, simply stop `vmagent` and delete the directory.
+
+* By default `vmagent` masks `-remoteWrite.url` with `secret-url` values in logs and at `/metrics` page because
+  the url may contain sensitive information such as auth tokens or passwords.
+  Pass `-remoteWrite.showURL` command-line flag when starting `vmagent` in order to see all the valid urls.
+
+* If you see `skipping duplicate scrape target with identical labels` errors when scraping Kubernetes pods, then it is likely these pods listen multiple ports
+  or they use init container. These errors can be either fixed or suppressed with `-promscrape.suppressDuplicateScrapeTargetErrors` command-line flag.
+  See available options below if you prefer fixing the root cause of the error:
+
+  The following `relabel_configs` section may help determining `__meta_*` labels resulting in duplicate targets:
+  ```yml
+  - action: labelmap
+    regex: __meta_(.*)
+  ```
+
+  The following relabeling rule may be added to `relabel_configs` section in order to filter out pods with unneeded ports:
+  ```yml
+  - action: keep_if_equal
+    source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port, __meta_kubernetes_pod_container_port_number]
+  ```
+
+  The following relabeling rule may be added to `relabel_configs` section in order to filter out init container pods:
+  ```yml
+  - action: drop
+    source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_container_init]
+    regex: true
+  ```
+
+
+### How to build from sources
+
+It is recommended using [binary releases](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases) - `vmagent` is located in `vmutils-*` archives there.
+
+
+#### Development build
+
+1. [Install Go](https://golang.org/doc/install). The minimum supported version is Go 1.13.
+2. Run `make vmagent` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmagent` binary and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+#### Production build
+
+1. [Install docker](https://docs.docker.com/install/).
+2. Run `make vmagent-prod` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmagent-prod` binary and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+#### Building docker images
+
+Run `make package-vmagent`. It builds `victoriametrics/vmagent:<PKG_TAG>` docker image locally.
+`<PKG_TAG>` is auto-generated image tag, which depends on source code in the repository.
+The `<PKG_TAG>` may be manually set via `PKG_TAG=foobar make package-vmagent`.
+
+The base docker image is [alpine](https://hub.docker.com/_/alpine) but it is possible to use any other base image
+by setting it via `<ROOT_IMAGE>` environment variable. For example, the following command builds the image on top of [scratch](https://hub.docker.com/_/scratch) image:
+
+```bash
+ROOT_IMAGE=scratch make package-vmagent
+```
+
+#### ARM build
+
+ARM build may run on Raspberry Pi or on [energy-efficient ARM servers](https://blog.cloudflare.com/arm-takes-wing/).
+
+#### Development ARM build
+
+1. [Install Go](https://golang.org/doc/install). The minimum supported version is Go 1.13.
+2. Run `make vmagent-arm` or `make vmagent-arm64` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmagent-arm` or `vmagent-arm64` binary respectively and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+#### Production ARM build
+
+1. [Install docker](https://docs.docker.com/install/).
+2. Run `make vmagent-arm-prod` or `make vmagent-arm64-prod` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmagent-arm-prod` or `vmagent-arm64-prod` binary respectively and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+
+### Profiling
+
+`vmagent` provides handlers for collecting the following [Go profiles](https://blog.golang.org/profiling-go-programs):
+
+* Memory profile. It can be collected with the following command:
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://<vmagent-host>:8429/debug/pprof/heap > mem.pprof
+```
+
+* CPU profile. It can be collected with the following command:
+
+```bash
+curl -s http://<vmagent-host>:8429/debug/pprof/profile > cpu.pprof
+```
+
+The command for collecting CPU profile waits for 30 seconds before returning.
+
+The collected profiles may be analyzed with [go tool pprof](https://github.com/google/pprof).

app/vmagent/common/push_ctx.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package common
+
+import (
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/cgroup"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
+)
+
+// PushCtx is a context used for populating WriteRequest.
+type PushCtx struct {
+	WriteRequest prompbmarshal.WriteRequest
+
+	// Labels contains flat list of all the labels used in WriteRequest.
+	Labels []prompbmarshal.Label
+
+	// Samples contains flat list of all the samples used in WriteRequest.
+	Samples []prompbmarshal.Sample
+}
+
+// Reset resets ctx.
+func (ctx *PushCtx) Reset() {
+	tss := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries
+	for i := range tss {
+		ts := &tss[i]
+		ts.Labels = nil
+		ts.Samples = nil
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+
+	promrelabel.CleanLabels(ctx.Labels)
+	ctx.Labels = ctx.Labels[:0]
+
+	ctx.Samples = ctx.Samples[:0]
+}
+
+// GetPushCtx returns PushCtx from pool.
+//
+// Call PutPushCtx when the ctx is no longer needed.
+func GetPushCtx() *PushCtx {
+	select {
+	case ctx := <-pushCtxPoolCh:
+		return ctx
+	default:
+		if v := pushCtxPool.Get(); v != nil {
+			return v.(*PushCtx)
+		}
+		return &PushCtx{}
+	}
+}
+
+// PutPushCtx returns ctx to the pool.
+//
+// ctx mustn't be used after returning to the pool.
+func PutPushCtx(ctx *PushCtx) {
+	ctx.Reset()
+	select {
+	case pushCtxPoolCh <- ctx:
+	default:
+		pushCtxPool.Put(ctx)
+	}
+}
+
+var pushCtxPool sync.Pool
+var pushCtxPoolCh = make(chan *PushCtx, cgroup.AvailableCPUs())

app/vmagent/csvimport/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package csvimport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/csvimport"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="csvimport"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="csvimport"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes csv data from req.
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(req, func(rows []parser.Row) error {
+			return insertRows(rows, extraLabels)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  "__name__",
+			Value: r.Metric,
+		})
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     r.Value,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+		})
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/deployment/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+ARG base_image
+FROM $base_image
+
+EXPOSE 8429
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/vmagent-prod"]
+ARG src_binary
+COPY $src_binary ./vmagent-prod

app/vmagent/graphite/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package graphite
+
+import (
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/graphite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="graphite"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="graphite"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes remote write for graphite plaintext protocol.
+//
+// See https://graphite.readthedocs.io/en/latest/feeding-carbon.html#the-plaintext-protocol
+func InsertHandler(r io.Reader) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(r, insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  "__name__",
+			Value: r.Metric,
+		})
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     r.Value,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+		})
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/influx/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+package influx
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/cgroup"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/influx"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	measurementFieldSeparator = flag.String("influxMeasurementFieldSeparator", "_", "Separator for '{measurement}{separator}{field_name}' metric name when inserted via Influx line protocol")
+	skipSingleField           = flag.Bool("influxSkipSingleField", false, "Uses '{measurement}' instead of '{measurement}{separator}{field_name}' for metic name if Influx line contains only a single field")
+	skipMeasurement           = flag.Bool("influxSkipMeasurement", false, "Uses '{field_name}' as a metric name while ignoring '{measurement}' and '-influxMeasurementFieldSeparator'")
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="influx"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="influx"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandlerForReader processes remote write for influx line protocol.
+//
+// See https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/tree/master/plugins/inputs/socket_listener/
+func InsertHandlerForReader(r io.Reader) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(r, false, "", "", insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+// InsertHandlerForHTTP processes remote write for influx line protocol.
+//
+// See https://github.com/influxdata/influxdb/blob/4cbdc197b8117fee648d62e2e5be75c6575352f0/tsdb/README.md
+func InsertHandlerForHTTP(req *http.Request) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		isGzipped := req.Header.Get("Content-Encoding") == "gzip"
+		q := req.URL.Query()
+		precision := q.Get("precision")
+		// Read db tag from https://docs.influxdata.com/influxdb/v1.7/tools/api/#write-http-endpoint
+		db := q.Get("db")
+		return parser.ParseStream(req.Body, isGzipped, precision, db, insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(db string, rows []parser.Row) error {
+	ctx := getPushCtx()
+	defer putPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	rowsTotal := 0
+	tssDst := ctx.ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.ctx.Samples[:0]
+	commonLabels := ctx.commonLabels[:0]
+	buf := ctx.buf[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		rowsTotal += len(r.Fields)
+		commonLabels = commonLabels[:0]
+		hasDBKey := false
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			if tag.Key == "db" {
+				hasDBKey = true
+			}
+			commonLabels = append(commonLabels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		if len(db) > 0 && !hasDBKey {
+			commonLabels = append(commonLabels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  "db",
+				Value: db,
+			})
+		}
+		ctx.metricGroupBuf = ctx.metricGroupBuf[:0]
+		if !*skipMeasurement {
+			ctx.metricGroupBuf = append(ctx.metricGroupBuf, r.Measurement...)
+		}
+		skipFieldKey := len(r.Fields) == 1 && *skipSingleField
+		if len(ctx.metricGroupBuf) > 0 && !skipFieldKey {
+			ctx.metricGroupBuf = append(ctx.metricGroupBuf, *measurementFieldSeparator...)
+		}
+		for j := range r.Fields {
+			f := &r.Fields[j]
+			bufLen := len(buf)
+			buf = append(buf, ctx.metricGroupBuf...)
+			if !skipFieldKey {
+				buf = append(buf, f.Key...)
+			}
+			metricGroup := bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(buf[bufLen:])
+			labelsLen := len(labels)
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  "__name__",
+				Value: metricGroup,
+			})
+			labels = append(labels, commonLabels...)
+			samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+				Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+				Value:     f.Value,
+			})
+			tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+				Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+			})
+		}
+	}
+	ctx.buf = buf
+	ctx.ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.ctx.Samples = samples
+	ctx.commonLabels = commonLabels
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsTotal))
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+type pushCtx struct {
+	ctx            common.PushCtx
+	commonLabels   []prompbmarshal.Label
+	metricGroupBuf []byte
+	buf            []byte
+}
+
+func (ctx *pushCtx) reset() {
+	ctx.ctx.Reset()
+
+	promrelabel.CleanLabels(ctx.commonLabels)
+	ctx.commonLabels = ctx.commonLabels[:0]
+
+	ctx.metricGroupBuf = ctx.metricGroupBuf[:0]
+	ctx.buf = ctx.buf[:0]
+}
+
+func getPushCtx() *pushCtx {
+	select {
+	case ctx := <-pushCtxPoolCh:
+		return ctx
+	default:
+		if v := pushCtxPool.Get(); v != nil {
+			return v.(*pushCtx)
+		}
+		return &pushCtx{}
+	}
+}
+
+func putPushCtx(ctx *pushCtx) {
+	ctx.reset()
+	select {
+	case pushCtxPoolCh <- ctx:
+	default:
+		pushCtxPool.Put(ctx)
+	}
+}
+
+var pushCtxPool sync.Pool
+var pushCtxPoolCh = make(chan *pushCtx, cgroup.AvailableCPUs())

app/vmagent/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/csvimport"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/graphite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/influx"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/native"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/opentsdb"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/opentsdbhttp"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/prometheusimport"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/promremotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/vmimport"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/buildinfo"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envflag"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
+	graphiteserver "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/ingestserver/graphite"
+	influxserver "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/ingestserver/influx"
+	opentsdbserver "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/ingestserver/opentsdb"
+	opentsdbhttpserver "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/ingestserver/opentsdbhttp"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promscrape"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	httpListenAddr = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8429", "TCP address to listen for http connections. "+
+		"Set this flag to empty value in order to disable listening on any port. This mode may be useful for running multiple vmagent instances on the same server. "+
+		"Note that /targets and /metrics pages aren't available if -httpListenAddr=''")
+	influxListenAddr = flag.String("influxListenAddr", "", "TCP and UDP address to listen for Influx line protocol data. Usually :8189 must be set. Doesn't work if empty. "+
+		"This flag isn't needed when ingesting data over HTTP - just send it to `http://<vmagent>:8429/write`")
+	graphiteListenAddr = flag.String("graphiteListenAddr", "", "TCP and UDP address to listen for Graphite plaintext data. Usually :2003 must be set. Doesn't work if empty")
+	opentsdbListenAddr = flag.String("opentsdbListenAddr", "", "TCP and UDP address to listen for OpentTSDB metrics. "+
+		"Telnet put messages and HTTP /api/put messages are simultaneously served on TCP port. "+
+		"Usually :4242 must be set. Doesn't work if empty")
+	opentsdbHTTPListenAddr = flag.String("opentsdbHTTPListenAddr", "", "TCP address to listen for OpentTSDB HTTP put requests. Usually :4242 must be set. Doesn't work if empty")
+	dryRun                 = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check only config files without running vmagent. The following files are checked: "+
+		"-promscrape.config, -remoteWrite.relabelConfig, -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig . "+
+		"Unknown config entries are allowed in -promscrape.config by default. This can be changed with -promscrape.config.strictParse")
+)
+
+var (
+	influxServer       *influxserver.Server
+	graphiteServer     *graphiteserver.Server
+	opentsdbServer     *opentsdbserver.Server
+	opentsdbhttpServer *opentsdbhttpserver.Server
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// Write flags and help message to stdout, since it is easier to grep or pipe.
+	flag.CommandLine.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
+	flag.Usage = usage
+	envflag.Parse()
+	remotewrite.InitSecretFlags()
+	buildinfo.Init()
+	logger.Init()
+
+	if promscrape.IsDryRun() {
+		if err := promscrape.CheckConfig(); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("error when checking -promscrape.config: %s", err)
+		}
+		logger.Infof("-promscrape.config is ok; exitting with 0 status code")
+		return
+	}
+	if *dryRun {
+		if err := remotewrite.CheckRelabelConfigs(); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("error when checking relabel configs: %s", err)
+		}
+		if err := promscrape.CheckConfig(); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("error when checking -promscrape.config: %s", err)
+		}
+		logger.Infof("all the configs are ok; exitting with 0 status code")
+		return
+	}
+
+	logger.Infof("starting vmagent at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
+	startTime := time.Now()
+	remotewrite.Init()
+	common.StartUnmarshalWorkers()
+	writeconcurrencylimiter.Init()
+	if len(*influxListenAddr) > 0 {
+		influxServer = influxserver.MustStart(*influxListenAddr, influx.InsertHandlerForReader)
+	}
+	if len(*graphiteListenAddr) > 0 {
+		graphiteServer = graphiteserver.MustStart(*graphiteListenAddr, graphite.InsertHandler)
+	}
+	if len(*opentsdbListenAddr) > 0 {
+		opentsdbServer = opentsdbserver.MustStart(*opentsdbListenAddr, opentsdb.InsertHandler, opentsdbhttp.InsertHandler)
+	}
+	if len(*opentsdbHTTPListenAddr) > 0 {
+		opentsdbhttpServer = opentsdbhttpserver.MustStart(*opentsdbHTTPListenAddr, opentsdbhttp.InsertHandler)
+	}
+
+	promscrape.Init(remotewrite.Push)
+
+	if len(*httpListenAddr) > 0 {
+		go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, requestHandler)
+	}
+	logger.Infof("started vmagent in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
+
+	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
+	logger.Infof("received signal %s", sig)
+
+	startTime = time.Now()
+	if len(*httpListenAddr) > 0 {
+		logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", *httpListenAddr)
+		if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
+		}
+		logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
+	}
+
+	promscrape.Stop()
+
+	if len(*influxListenAddr) > 0 {
+		influxServer.MustStop()
+	}
+	if len(*graphiteListenAddr) > 0 {
+		graphiteServer.MustStop()
+	}
+	if len(*opentsdbListenAddr) > 0 {
+		opentsdbServer.MustStop()
+	}
+	if len(*opentsdbHTTPListenAddr) > 0 {
+		opentsdbhttpServer.MustStop()
+	}
+	common.StopUnmarshalWorkers()
+	remotewrite.Stop()
+
+	logger.Infof("successfully stopped vmagent in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
+}
+
+func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
+	if r.URL.Path == "/" {
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, "vmagent - see docs at https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html")
+		return true
+	}
+	path := strings.Replace(r.URL.Path, "//", "/", -1)
+	switch path {
+	case "/api/v1/write":
+		prometheusWriteRequests.Inc()
+		if err := promremotewrite.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
+			prometheusWriteErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/api/v1/import":
+		vmimportRequests.Inc()
+		if err := vmimport.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
+			vmimportErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/api/v1/import/csv":
+		csvimportRequests.Inc()
+		if err := csvimport.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
+			csvimportErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/api/v1/import/prometheus":
+		prometheusimportRequests.Inc()
+		if err := prometheusimport.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
+			prometheusimportErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/api/v1/import/native":
+		nativeimportRequests.Inc()
+		if err := native.InsertHandler(r); err != nil {
+			nativeimportErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/write", "/api/v2/write":
+		influxWriteRequests.Inc()
+		if err := influx.InsertHandlerForHTTP(r); err != nil {
+			influxWriteErrors.Inc()
+			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "error in %q: %s", r.URL.Path, err)
+			return true
+		}
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
+		return true
+	case "/query":
+		// Emulate fake response for influx query.
+		// This is required for TSBS benchmark.
+		influxQueryRequests.Inc()
+		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"results":[{"series":[{"values":[]}]}]}`)
+		return true
+	case "/targets":
+		promscrapeTargetsRequests.Inc()
+		promscrape.WriteHumanReadableTargetsStatus(w, r)
+		return true
+	case "/api/v1/targets":
+		promscrapeAPIV1TargetsRequests.Inc()
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+		state := r.FormValue("state")
+		promscrape.WriteAPIV1Targets(w, state)
+		return true
+	case "/-/reload":
+		promscrapeConfigReloadRequests.Inc()
+		procutil.SelfSIGHUP()
+		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+		return true
+	case "/ready":
+		if rdy := atomic.LoadInt32(&promscrape.PendingScrapeConfigs); rdy > 0 {
+			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("waiting for scrapes to init, left: %d", rdy)
+			http.Error(w, errMsg, http.StatusTooEarly)
+		} else {
+			w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8")
+			w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+			w.Write([]byte("OK"))
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+var (
+	prometheusWriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/write", protocol="promremotewrite"}`)
+	prometheusWriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/api/v1/write", protocol="promremotewrite"}`)
+
+	vmimportRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/import", protocol="vmimport"}`)
+	vmimportErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/api/v1/import", protocol="vmimport"}`)
+
+	csvimportRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/import/csv", protocol="csvimport"}`)
+	csvimportErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/api/v1/import/csv", protocol="csvimport"}`)
+
+	prometheusimportRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/import/prometheus", protocol="prometheusimport"}`)
+	prometheusimportErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/api/v1/import/prometheus", protocol="prometheusimport"}`)
+
+	nativeimportRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/import/native", protocol="nativeimport"}`)
+	nativeimportErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/api/v1/import/native", protocol="nativeimport"}`)
+
+	influxWriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/write", protocol="influx"}`)
+	influxWriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/write", protocol="influx"}`)
+
+	influxQueryRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/query", protocol="influx"}`)
+
+	promscrapeTargetsRequests      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/targets"}`)
+	promscrapeAPIV1TargetsRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/api/v1/targets"}`)
+
+	promscrapeConfigReloadRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/-/reload"}`)
+)
+
+func usage() {
+	const s = `
+vmagent collects metrics data via popular data ingestion protocols and routes it to VictoriaMetrics.
+
+See the docs at https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html .
+`
+	flagutil.Usage(s)
+}

app/vmagent/native/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+package native
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/native"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="native"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="native"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes `/api/v1/import` request.
+//
+// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/6
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(req, func(block *parser.Block) error {
+			return insertRows(block, extraLabels)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(block *parser.Block, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	// Update rowsInserted and rowsPerInsert before actual inserting,
+	// since relabeling can prevent from inserting the rows.
+	rowsLen := len(block.Values)
+	rowsInserted.Add(rowsLen)
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsLen))
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	mn := &block.MetricName
+	labelsLen := len(labels)
+	labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+		Name:  "__name__",
+		Value: bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(mn.MetricGroup),
+	})
+	for j := range mn.Tags {
+		tag := &mn.Tags[j]
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(tag.Key),
+			Value: bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(tag.Value),
+		})
+	}
+	labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
+	values := block.Values
+	timestamps := block.Timestamps
+	if len(timestamps) != len(values) {
+		logger.Panicf("BUG: len(timestamps)=%d must match len(values)=%d", len(timestamps), len(values))
+	}
+	samplesLen := len(samples)
+	for j, value := range values {
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     value,
+			Timestamp: timestamps[j],
+		})
+	}
+	tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+		Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+		Samples: samples[samplesLen:],
+	})
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/opentsdb/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+package opentsdb
+
+import (
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/opentsdb"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="opentsdb"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="opentsdb"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes remote write for OpenTSDB put protocol.
+//
+// See http://opentsdb.net/docs/build/html/api_telnet/put.html
+func InsertHandler(r io.Reader) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(r, insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  "__name__",
+			Value: r.Metric,
+		})
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     r.Value,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+		})
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/opentsdbhttp/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+package opentsdbhttp
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/opentsdbhttp"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="opentsdbhttp"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="opentsdbhttp"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes HTTP OpenTSDB put requests.
+// See http://opentsdb.net/docs/build/html/api_http/put.html
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(req, insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  "__name__",
+			Value: r.Metric,
+		})
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     r.Value,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+		})
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/prometheusimport/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+package prometheusimport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/prometheus"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="prometheus"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="prometheus"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes `/api/v1/import/prometheus` request.
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defaultTimestamp, err := parserCommon.GetTimestamp(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		isGzipped := req.Header.Get("Content-Encoding") == "gzip"
+		return parser.ParseStream(req.Body, defaultTimestamp, isGzipped, func(rows []parser.Row) error {
+			return insertRows(rows, extraLabels)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  "__name__",
+			Value: r.Metric,
+		})
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  tag.Key,
+				Value: tag.Value,
+			})
+		}
+		labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
+		samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+			Value:     r.Value,
+			Timestamp: r.Timestamp,
+		})
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[len(samples)-1:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/promremotewrite/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+package promremotewrite
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompb"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/promremotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="promremotewrite"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="promremotewrite"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes remote write for prometheus.
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(req, insertRows)
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(timeseries []prompb.TimeSeries) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	rowsTotal := 0
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range timeseries {
+		ts := &timeseries[i]
+		rowsTotal += len(ts.Samples)
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		for i := range ts.Labels {
+			label := &ts.Labels[i]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(label.Name),
+				Value: bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(label.Value),
+			})
+		}
+		samplesLen := len(samples)
+		for i := range ts.Samples {
+			sample := &ts.Samples[i]
+			samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+				Value:     sample.Value,
+				Timestamp: sample.Timestamp,
+			})
+		}
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[samplesLen:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsTotal))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmagent/remotewrite/client.go

@@ -0,0 +1,273 @@
+package remotewrite
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/persistentqueue"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	sendTimeout = flagutil.NewArrayDuration("remoteWrite.sendTimeout", "Timeout for sending a single block of data to -remoteWrite.url")
+	proxyURL    = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.proxyURL", "Optional proxy URL for writing data to -remoteWrite.url. Supported proxies: http, https, socks5. "+
+		"Example: -remoteWrite.proxyURL=socks5://proxy:1234")
+
+	tlsInsecureSkipVerify = flagutil.NewArrayBool("remoteWrite.tlsInsecureSkipVerify", "Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -remoteWrite.url")
+	tlsCertFile           = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.tlsCertFile", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	tlsKeyFile = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.tlsKeyFile", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	tlsCAFile = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.tlsCAFile", "Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"By default system CA is used. If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	tlsServerName = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.tlsServerName", "Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"By default the server name from -remoteWrite.url is used. If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+
+	basicAuthUsername = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.basicAuth.username", "Optional basic auth username to use for -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	basicAuthPassword = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.basicAuth.password", "Optional basic auth password to use for -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	bearerToken = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.bearerToken", "Optional bearer auth token to use for -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+)
+
+type client struct {
+	sanitizedURL   string
+	remoteWriteURL string
+	authHeader     string
+	fq             *persistentqueue.FastQueue
+	hc             *http.Client
+
+	bytesSent       *metrics.Counter
+	blocksSent      *metrics.Counter
+	requestDuration *metrics.Histogram
+	requestsOKCount *metrics.Counter
+	errorsCount     *metrics.Counter
+	packetsDropped  *metrics.Counter
+	retriesCount    *metrics.Counter
+
+	wg     sync.WaitGroup
+	stopCh chan struct{}
+}
+
+func newClient(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL, sanitizedURL string, fq *persistentqueue.FastQueue, concurrency int) *client {
+	tlsCfg, err := getTLSConfig(argIdx)
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Panicf("FATAL: cannot initialize TLS config: %s", err)
+	}
+	tr := &http.Transport{
+		Dial:                statDial,
+		TLSClientConfig:     tlsCfg,
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 5 * time.Second,
+		MaxConnsPerHost:     2 * concurrency,
+		MaxIdleConnsPerHost: 2 * concurrency,
+		IdleConnTimeout:     time.Minute,
+		WriteBufferSize:     64 * 1024,
+	}
+	pURL := proxyURL.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
+	if len(pURL) > 0 {
+		if !strings.Contains(pURL, "://") {
+			logger.Fatalf("cannot parse -remoteWrite.proxyURL=%q: it must start with `http://`, `https://` or `socks5://`", pURL)
+		}
+		urlProxy, err := url.Parse(pURL)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("cannot parse -remoteWrite.proxyURL=%q: %s", pURL, err)
+		}
+		tr.Proxy = http.ProxyURL(urlProxy)
+	}
+	authHeader := ""
+	username := basicAuthUsername.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
+	password := basicAuthPassword.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
+	if len(username) > 0 || len(password) > 0 {
+		// See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basic_access_authentication
+		token := username + ":" + password
+		token64 := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(token))
+		authHeader = "Basic " + token64
+	}
+	token := bearerToken.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
+	if len(token) > 0 {
+		if authHeader != "" {
+			logger.Fatalf("`-remoteWrite.bearerToken`=%q cannot be set when `-remoteWrite.basicAuth.*` flags are set", token)
+		}
+		authHeader = "Bearer " + token
+	}
+	c := &client{
+		sanitizedURL:   sanitizedURL,
+		remoteWriteURL: remoteWriteURL,
+		authHeader:     authHeader,
+		fq:             fq,
+		hc: &http.Client{
+			Transport: tr,
+			Timeout:   sendTimeout.GetOptionalArgOrDefault(argIdx, time.Minute),
+		},
+		stopCh: make(chan struct{}),
+	}
+	c.bytesSent = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_bytes_sent_total{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.blocksSent = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_blocks_sent_total{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.requestDuration = metrics.GetOrCreateHistogram(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_duration_seconds{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.requestsOKCount = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_requests_total{url=%q, status_code="2XX"}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.errorsCount = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_errors_total{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.packetsDropped = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_packets_dropped_total{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	c.retriesCount = metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_retries_count_total{url=%q}`, c.sanitizedURL))
+	for i := 0; i < concurrency; i++ {
+		c.wg.Add(1)
+		go func() {
+			defer c.wg.Done()
+			c.runWorker()
+		}()
+	}
+	logger.Infof("initialized client for -remoteWrite.url=%q", c.sanitizedURL)
+	return c
+}
+
+func (c *client) MustStop() {
+	close(c.stopCh)
+	c.wg.Wait()
+	logger.Infof("stopped client for -remoteWrite.url=%q", c.sanitizedURL)
+}
+
+func getTLSConfig(argIdx int) (*tls.Config, error) {
+	c := &promauth.TLSConfig{
+		CAFile:             tlsCAFile.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+		CertFile:           tlsCertFile.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+		KeyFile:            tlsKeyFile.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+		ServerName:         tlsServerName.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+		InsecureSkipVerify: tlsInsecureSkipVerify.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+	}
+	if c.CAFile == "" && c.CertFile == "" && c.KeyFile == "" && c.ServerName == "" && !c.InsecureSkipVerify {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	cfg, err := promauth.NewConfig(".", nil, "", "", c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot populate TLS config: %w", err)
+	}
+	tlsCfg := cfg.NewTLSConfig()
+	return tlsCfg, nil
+}
+
+func (c *client) runWorker() {
+	var ok bool
+	var block []byte
+	ch := make(chan struct{})
+	for {
+		block, ok = c.fq.MustReadBlock(block[:0])
+		if !ok {
+			return
+		}
+		go func() {
+			c.sendBlock(block)
+			ch <- struct{}{}
+		}()
+		select {
+		case <-ch:
+			// The block has been sent successfully
+			continue
+		case <-c.stopCh:
+			// c must be stopped. Wait for a while in the hope the block will be sent.
+			graceDuration := 5 * time.Second
+			select {
+			case <-ch:
+				// The block has been sent successfully.
+			case <-time.After(graceDuration):
+				logger.Errorf("couldn't sent block with size %d bytes to %q in %.3f seconds during shutdown; dropping it",
+					len(block), c.sanitizedURL, graceDuration.Seconds())
+			}
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (c *client) sendBlock(block []byte) {
+	retryDuration := time.Second
+	retriesCount := 0
+	c.bytesSent.Add(len(block))
+	c.blocksSent.Inc()
+
+again:
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", c.remoteWriteURL, bytes.NewBuffer(block))
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Panicf("BUG: unexected error from http.NewRequest(%q): %s", c.sanitizedURL, err)
+	}
+	h := req.Header
+	h.Set("User-Agent", "vmagent")
+	h.Set("Content-Type", "application/x-protobuf")
+	h.Set("Content-Encoding", "snappy")
+	h.Set("X-Prometheus-Remote-Write-Version", "0.1.0")
+	if c.authHeader != "" {
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", c.authHeader)
+	}
+
+	startTime := time.Now()
+	resp, err := c.hc.Do(req)
+	c.requestDuration.UpdateDuration(startTime)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.errorsCount.Inc()
+		retryDuration *= 2
+		if retryDuration > time.Minute {
+			retryDuration = time.Minute
+		}
+		logger.Errorf("couldn't send a block with size %d bytes to %q: %s; re-sending the block in %.3f seconds",
+			len(block), c.sanitizedURL, err, retryDuration.Seconds())
+		t := time.NewTimer(retryDuration)
+		select {
+		case <-c.stopCh:
+			t.Stop()
+			return
+		case <-t.C:
+		}
+		c.retriesCount.Inc()
+		goto again
+	}
+	statusCode := resp.StatusCode
+	if statusCode/100 == 2 {
+		_ = resp.Body.Close()
+		c.requestsOKCount.Inc()
+		return
+	}
+	metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_requests_total{url=%q, status_code="%d"}`, c.sanitizedURL, statusCode)).Inc()
+	if statusCode == 409 {
+		// Just drop block on 409 status code like Prometheus does.
+		// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/873
+		body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		_ = resp.Body.Close()
+		logger.Errorf("unexpected status code received when sending a block with size %d bytes to %q: #%d; dropping the block like Prometheus does; "+
+			"response body=%q", len(block), c.sanitizedURL, statusCode, body)
+		c.packetsDropped.Inc()
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Unexpected status code returned
+	retriesCount++
+	retryDuration *= 2
+	if retryDuration > time.Minute {
+		retryDuration = time.Minute
+	}
+	body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+	_ = resp.Body.Close()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf("cannot read response body from %q during retry #%d: %s", c.sanitizedURL, retriesCount, err)
+	} else {
+		logger.Errorf("unexpected status code received after sending a block with size %d bytes to %q during retry #%d: %d; response body=%q; "+
+			"re-sending the block in %.3f seconds", len(block), c.sanitizedURL, retriesCount, statusCode, body, retryDuration.Seconds())
+	}
+	t := time.NewTimer(retryDuration)
+	select {
+	case <-c.stopCh:
+		t.Stop()
+		return
+	case <-t.C:
+	}
+	c.retriesCount.Inc()
+	goto again
+}

app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries.go

@@ -0,0 +1,200 @@
+package remotewrite
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fasttime"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/persistentqueue"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+	"github.com/golang/snappy"
+)
+
+var (
+	flushInterval = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.flushInterval", time.Second, "Interval for flushing the data to remote storage. "+
+		"Higher value reduces network bandwidth usage at the cost of delayed push of scraped data to remote storage. "+
+		"Minimum supported interval is 1 second")
+	maxUnpackedBlockSize = flagutil.NewBytes("remoteWrite.maxBlockSize", 8*1024*1024, "The maximum size in bytes of unpacked request to send to remote storage. "+
+		"It shouldn't exceed -maxInsertRequestSize from VictoriaMetrics")
+)
+
+// the maximum number of rows to send per each block.
+const maxRowsPerBlock = 10000
+
+type pendingSeries struct {
+	mu sync.Mutex
+	wr writeRequest
+
+	stopCh            chan struct{}
+	periodicFlusherWG sync.WaitGroup
+}
+
+func newPendingSeries(pushBlock func(block []byte)) *pendingSeries {
+	var ps pendingSeries
+	ps.wr.pushBlock = pushBlock
+	ps.stopCh = make(chan struct{})
+	ps.periodicFlusherWG.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer ps.periodicFlusherWG.Done()
+		ps.periodicFlusher()
+	}()
+	return &ps
+}
+
+func (ps *pendingSeries) MustStop() {
+	close(ps.stopCh)
+	ps.periodicFlusherWG.Wait()
+}
+
+func (ps *pendingSeries) Push(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
+	ps.mu.Lock()
+	ps.wr.push(tss)
+	ps.mu.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (ps *pendingSeries) periodicFlusher() {
+	flushSeconds := int64(flushInterval.Seconds())
+	if flushSeconds <= 0 {
+		flushSeconds = 1
+	}
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(*flushInterval)
+	defer ticker.Stop()
+	mustStop := false
+	for !mustStop {
+		select {
+		case <-ps.stopCh:
+			mustStop = true
+		case <-ticker.C:
+			if fasttime.UnixTimestamp()-atomic.LoadUint64(&ps.wr.lastFlushTime) < uint64(flushSeconds) {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+		ps.mu.Lock()
+		ps.wr.flush()
+		ps.mu.Unlock()
+	}
+}
+
+type writeRequest struct {
+	// Move lastFlushTime to the top of the struct in order to guarantee atomic access on 32-bit architectures.
+	lastFlushTime uint64
+
+	wr        prompbmarshal.WriteRequest
+	pushBlock func(block []byte)
+
+	tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+
+	labels  []prompbmarshal.Label
+	samples []prompbmarshal.Sample
+	buf     []byte
+}
+
+func (wr *writeRequest) reset() {
+	wr.wr.Timeseries = nil
+
+	for i := range wr.tss {
+		ts := &wr.tss[i]
+		ts.Labels = nil
+		ts.Samples = nil
+	}
+	wr.tss = wr.tss[:0]
+
+	promrelabel.CleanLabels(wr.labels)
+	wr.labels = wr.labels[:0]
+
+	wr.samples = wr.samples[:0]
+	wr.buf = wr.buf[:0]
+}
+
+func (wr *writeRequest) flush() {
+	wr.wr.Timeseries = wr.tss
+	atomic.StoreUint64(&wr.lastFlushTime, fasttime.UnixTimestamp())
+	pushWriteRequest(&wr.wr, wr.pushBlock)
+	wr.reset()
+}
+
+func (wr *writeRequest) push(src []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
+	tssDst := wr.tss
+	for i := range src {
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{})
+		wr.copyTimeSeries(&tssDst[len(tssDst)-1], &src[i])
+		if len(wr.samples) >= maxRowsPerBlock {
+			wr.tss = tssDst
+			wr.flush()
+			tssDst = wr.tss
+		}
+	}
+	wr.tss = tssDst
+}
+
+func (wr *writeRequest) copyTimeSeries(dst, src *prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
+	labelsDst := wr.labels
+	labelsLen := len(wr.labels)
+	samplesDst := wr.samples
+	buf := wr.buf
+	for i := range src.Labels {
+		labelsDst = append(labelsDst, prompbmarshal.Label{})
+		dstLabel := &labelsDst[len(labelsDst)-1]
+		srcLabel := &src.Labels[i]
+
+		buf = append(buf, srcLabel.Name...)
+		dstLabel.Name = bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(buf[len(buf)-len(srcLabel.Name):])
+		buf = append(buf, srcLabel.Value...)
+		dstLabel.Value = bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(buf[len(buf)-len(srcLabel.Value):])
+	}
+	dst.Labels = labelsDst[labelsLen:]
+
+	samplesDst = append(samplesDst, src.Samples...)
+	dst.Samples = samplesDst[len(samplesDst)-len(src.Samples):]
+
+	wr.samples = samplesDst
+	wr.labels = labelsDst
+	wr.buf = buf
+}
+
+func pushWriteRequest(wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, pushBlock func(block []byte)) {
+	if len(wr.Timeseries) == 0 {
+		// Nothing to push
+		return
+	}
+	bb := writeRequestBufPool.Get()
+	bb.B = prompbmarshal.MarshalWriteRequest(bb.B[:0], wr)
+	if len(bb.B) <= maxUnpackedBlockSize.N {
+		zb := snappyBufPool.Get()
+		zb.B = snappy.Encode(zb.B[:cap(zb.B)], bb.B)
+		writeRequestBufPool.Put(bb)
+		if len(zb.B) <= persistentqueue.MaxBlockSize {
+			pushBlock(zb.B)
+			blockSizeRows.Update(float64(len(wr.Timeseries)))
+			blockSizeBytes.Update(float64(len(zb.B)))
+			snappyBufPool.Put(zb)
+			return
+		}
+		snappyBufPool.Put(zb)
+	} else {
+		writeRequestBufPool.Put(bb)
+	}
+
+	// Too big block. Recursively split it into smaller parts.
+	timeseries := wr.Timeseries
+	n := len(timeseries) / 2
+	wr.Timeseries = timeseries[:n]
+	pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock)
+	wr.Timeseries = timeseries[n:]
+	pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock)
+	wr.Timeseries = timeseries
+}
+
+var (
+	blockSizeBytes = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_remotewrite_block_size_bytes`)
+	blockSizeRows  = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_remotewrite_block_size_rows`)
+)
+
+var writeRequestBufPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
+var snappyBufPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool

app/vmagent/remotewrite/relabel.go

@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+package remotewrite
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
+)
+
+var (
+	unparsedLabelsGlobal = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.label", "Optional label in the form 'name=value' to add to all the metrics before sending them to -remoteWrite.url. "+
+		"Pass multiple -remoteWrite.label flags in order to add multiple flags to metrics before sending them to remote storage")
+	relabelConfigPathGlobal = flag.String("remoteWrite.relabelConfig", "", "Optional path to file with relabel_config entries. These entries are applied to all the metrics "+
+		"before sending them to -remoteWrite.url. See https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmagent.html#relabeling for details")
+	relabelConfigPaths = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig", "Optional path to relabel config for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+)
+
+var labelsGlobal []prompbmarshal.Label
+
+// CheckRelabelConfigs checks -remoteWrite.relabelConfig and -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig.
+func CheckRelabelConfigs() error {
+	_, err := loadRelabelConfigs()
+	return err
+}
+
+func loadRelabelConfigs() (*relabelConfigs, error) {
+	var rcs relabelConfigs
+	if *relabelConfigPathGlobal != "" {
+		global, err := promrelabel.LoadRelabelConfigs(*relabelConfigPathGlobal)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot load -remoteWrite.relabelConfig=%q: %w", *relabelConfigPathGlobal, err)
+		}
+		rcs.global = global
+	}
+	if len(*relabelConfigPaths) > len(*remoteWriteURLs) {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("too many -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig args: %d; it mustn't exceed the number of -remoteWrite.url args: %d",
+			len(*relabelConfigPaths), len(*remoteWriteURLs))
+	}
+	rcs.perURL = make([][]promrelabel.ParsedRelabelConfig, len(*remoteWriteURLs))
+	for i, path := range *relabelConfigPaths {
+		if len(path) == 0 {
+			// Skip empty relabel config.
+			continue
+		}
+		prc, err := promrelabel.LoadRelabelConfigs(path)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot load relabel configs from -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig=%q: %w", path, err)
+		}
+		rcs.perURL[i] = prc
+	}
+	return &rcs, nil
+}
+
+type relabelConfigs struct {
+	global []promrelabel.ParsedRelabelConfig
+	perURL [][]promrelabel.ParsedRelabelConfig
+}
+
+// initLabelsGlobal must be called after parsing command-line flags.
+func initLabelsGlobal() {
+	labelsGlobal = nil
+	for _, s := range *unparsedLabelsGlobal {
+		if len(s) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		n := strings.IndexByte(s, '=')
+		if n < 0 {
+			logger.Fatalf("missing '=' in `-remoteWrite.label`. It must contain label in the form `name=value`; got %q", s)
+		}
+		labelsGlobal = append(labelsGlobal, prompbmarshal.Label{
+			Name:  s[:n],
+			Value: s[n+1:],
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func (rctx *relabelCtx) applyRelabeling(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label, prcs []promrelabel.ParsedRelabelConfig) []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	if len(extraLabels) == 0 && len(prcs) == 0 {
+		// Nothing to change.
+		return tss
+	}
+	tssDst := tss[:0]
+	labels := rctx.labels[:0]
+	for i := range tss {
+		ts := &tss[i]
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		labels = append(labels, ts.Labels...)
+		// extraLabels must be added before applying relabeling according to https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#remote_write
+		for j := range extraLabels {
+			extraLabel := &extraLabels[j]
+			tmp := promrelabel.GetLabelByName(labels[labelsLen:], extraLabel.Name)
+			if tmp != nil {
+				tmp.Value = extraLabel.Value
+			} else {
+				labels = append(labels, *extraLabel)
+			}
+		}
+		labels = promrelabel.ApplyRelabelConfigs(labels, labelsLen, prcs, true)
+		if len(labels) == labelsLen {
+			// Drop the current time series, since relabeling removed all the labels.
+			continue
+		}
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: ts.Samples,
+		})
+	}
+	rctx.labels = labels
+	return tssDst
+}
+
+type relabelCtx struct {
+	// pool for labels, which are used during the relabeling.
+	labels []prompbmarshal.Label
+}
+
+func (rctx *relabelCtx) reset() {
+	promrelabel.CleanLabels(rctx.labels)
+	rctx.labels = rctx.labels[:0]
+}
+
+var relabelCtxPool = &sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		return &relabelCtx{}
+	},
+}
+
+func getRelabelCtx() *relabelCtx {
+	return relabelCtxPool.Get().(*relabelCtx)
+}
+
+func putRelabelCtx(rctx *relabelCtx) {
+	rctx.labels = rctx.labels[:0]
+	relabelCtxPool.Put(rctx)
+}

app/vmagent/remotewrite/remotewrite.go

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+package remotewrite
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/cgroup"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/decimal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/memory"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/persistentqueue"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+	xxhash "github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2"
+)
+
+var (
+	remoteWriteURLs = flagutil.NewArray("remoteWrite.url", "Remote storage URL to write data to. It must support Prometheus remote_write API. "+
+		"It is recommended using VictoriaMetrics as remote storage. Example url: http://<victoriametrics-host>:8428/api/v1/write . "+
+		"Pass multiple -remoteWrite.url flags in order to write data concurrently to multiple remote storage systems")
+	tmpDataPath = flag.String("remoteWrite.tmpDataPath", "vmagent-remotewrite-data", "Path to directory where temporary data for remote write component is stored")
+	queues      = flag.Int("remoteWrite.queues", 4, "The number of concurrent queues to each -remoteWrite.url. Set more queues if default number of queues "+
+		"isn't enough for sending high volume of collected data to remote storage")
+	showRemoteWriteURL = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.showURL", false, "Whether to show -remoteWrite.url in the exported metrics. "+
+		"It is hidden by default, since it can contain sensitive info such as auth key")
+	maxPendingBytesPerURL = flagutil.NewBytes("remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL", 0, "The maximum file-based buffer size in bytes at -remoteWrite.tmpDataPath "+
+		"for each -remoteWrite.url. When buffer size reaches the configured maximum, then old data is dropped when adding new data to the buffer. "+
+		"Buffered data is stored in ~500MB chunks, so the minimum practical value for this flag is 500000000. "+
+		"Disk usage is unlimited if the value is set to 0")
+	significantFigures = flag.Int("remoteWrite.significantFigures", 0, "The number of significant figures to leave in metric values before writing them to remote storage. "+
+		"See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Significant_figures . Zero value saves all the significant figures. "+
+		"This option may be used for increasing on-disk compression level for the stored metrics")
+)
+
+var rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx
+
+// Contains the current relabelConfigs.
+var allRelabelConfigs atomic.Value
+
+// maxQueues limits the maximum value for `-remoteWrite.queues`. There is no sense in setting too high value,
+// since it may lead to high memory usage due to big number of buffers.
+var maxQueues = cgroup.AvailableCPUs() * 4
+
+// InitSecretFlags must be called after flag.Parse and before any logging.
+func InitSecretFlags() {
+	if !*showRemoteWriteURL {
+		// remoteWrite.url can contain authentication codes, so hide it at `/metrics` output.
+		flagutil.RegisterSecretFlag("remoteWrite.url")
+	}
+}
+
+// Init initializes remotewrite.
+//
+// It must be called after flag.Parse().
+//
+// Stop must be called for graceful shutdown.
+func Init() {
+	if len(*remoteWriteURLs) == 0 {
+		logger.Fatalf("at least one `-remoteWrite.url` command-line flag must be set")
+	}
+	if *queues > maxQueues {
+		*queues = maxQueues
+	}
+	if *queues <= 0 {
+		*queues = 1
+	}
+	initLabelsGlobal()
+	rcs, err := loadRelabelConfigs()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Fatalf("cannot load relabel configs: %s", err)
+	}
+	allRelabelConfigs.Store(rcs)
+
+	maxInmemoryBlocks := memory.Allowed() / len(*remoteWriteURLs) / maxRowsPerBlock / 100
+	if maxInmemoryBlocks > 200 {
+		// There is no much sense in keeping higher number of blocks in memory,
+		// since this means that the producer outperforms consumer and the queue
+		// will continue growing. It is better storing the queue to file.
+		maxInmemoryBlocks = 200
+	}
+	if maxInmemoryBlocks < 2 {
+		maxInmemoryBlocks = 2
+	}
+	for i, remoteWriteURL := range *remoteWriteURLs {
+		sanitizedURL := fmt.Sprintf("%d:secret-url", i+1)
+		if *showRemoteWriteURL {
+			sanitizedURL = fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i+1, remoteWriteURL)
+		}
+		rwctx := newRemoteWriteCtx(i, remoteWriteURL, maxInmemoryBlocks, sanitizedURL)
+		rwctxs = append(rwctxs, rwctx)
+	}
+
+	// Start config reloader.
+	sighupCh := procutil.NewSighupChan()
+	configReloaderWG.Add(1)
+	go func() {
+		defer configReloaderWG.Done()
+		for {
+			select {
+			case <-sighupCh:
+			case <-stopCh:
+				return
+			}
+			logger.Infof("SIGHUP received; reloading relabel configs pointed by -remoteWrite.relabelConfig and -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig")
+			rcs, err := loadRelabelConfigs()
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Errorf("cannot reload relabel configs; preserving the previous configs; error: %s", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			allRelabelConfigs.Store(rcs)
+			logger.Infof("Successfully reloaded relabel configs")
+		}
+	}()
+}
+
+var stopCh = make(chan struct{})
+var configReloaderWG sync.WaitGroup
+
+// Stop stops remotewrite.
+//
+// It is expected that nobody calls Push during and after the call to this func.
+func Stop() {
+	close(stopCh)
+	configReloaderWG.Wait()
+
+	for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
+		rwctx.MustStop()
+	}
+	rwctxs = nil
+}
+
+// Push sends wr to remote storage systems set via `-remoteWrite.url`.
+//
+// Note that wr may be modified by Push due to relabeling and rounding.
+func Push(wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
+	if *significantFigures > 0 {
+		// Round values according to significantFigures
+		for i := range wr.Timeseries {
+			samples := wr.Timeseries[i].Samples
+			for j := range samples {
+				s := &samples[j]
+				s.Value = decimal.Round(s.Value, *significantFigures)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	var rctx *relabelCtx
+	rcs := allRelabelConfigs.Load().(*relabelConfigs)
+	prcsGlobal := rcs.global
+	if len(prcsGlobal) > 0 || len(labelsGlobal) > 0 {
+		rctx = getRelabelCtx()
+	}
+	tss := wr.Timeseries
+	for len(tss) > 0 {
+		// Process big tss in smaller blocks in order to reduce the maximum memory usage
+		samplesCount := 0
+		i := 0
+		for i < len(tss) {
+			samplesCount += len(tss[i].Samples)
+			i++
+			if samplesCount > maxRowsPerBlock {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		tssBlock := tss
+		if i < len(tss) {
+			tssBlock = tss[:i]
+			tss = tss[i:]
+		} else {
+			tss = nil
+		}
+		if rctx != nil {
+			tssBlockLen := len(tssBlock)
+			tssBlock = rctx.applyRelabeling(tssBlock, labelsGlobal, prcsGlobal)
+			globalRelabelMetricsDropped.Add(tssBlockLen - len(tssBlock))
+		}
+		for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
+			rwctx.Push(tssBlock)
+		}
+		if rctx != nil {
+			rctx.reset()
+		}
+	}
+	if rctx != nil {
+		putRelabelCtx(rctx)
+	}
+}
+
+var globalRelabelMetricsDropped = metrics.NewCounter("vmagent_remotewrite_global_relabel_metrics_dropped_total")
+
+type remoteWriteCtx struct {
+	idx        int
+	fq         *persistentqueue.FastQueue
+	c          *client
+	pss        []*pendingSeries
+	pssNextIdx uint64
+
+	relabelMetricsDropped *metrics.Counter
+}
+
+func newRemoteWriteCtx(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL string, maxInmemoryBlocks int, sanitizedURL string) *remoteWriteCtx {
+	h := xxhash.Sum64([]byte(remoteWriteURL))
+	path := fmt.Sprintf("%s/persistent-queue/%d_%016X", *tmpDataPath, argIdx+1, h)
+	fq := persistentqueue.MustOpenFastQueue(path, sanitizedURL, maxInmemoryBlocks, maxPendingBytesPerURL.N)
+	_ = metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_pending_data_bytes{path=%q, url=%q}`, path, sanitizedURL), func() float64 {
+		return float64(fq.GetPendingBytes())
+	})
+	_ = metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_pending_inmemory_blocks{path=%q, url=%q}`, path, sanitizedURL), func() float64 {
+		return float64(fq.GetInmemoryQueueLen())
+	})
+	c := newClient(argIdx, remoteWriteURL, sanitizedURL, fq, *queues)
+	pss := make([]*pendingSeries, *queues)
+	for i := range pss {
+		pss[i] = newPendingSeries(fq.MustWriteBlock)
+	}
+	return &remoteWriteCtx{
+		idx: argIdx,
+		fq:  fq,
+		c:   c,
+		pss: pss,
+
+		relabelMetricsDropped: metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_relabel_metrics_dropped_total{path=%q, url=%q}`, path, sanitizedURL)),
+	}
+}
+
+func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) MustStop() {
+	for _, ps := range rwctx.pss {
+		ps.MustStop()
+	}
+	rwctx.idx = 0
+	rwctx.pss = nil
+	rwctx.fq.MustClose()
+	rwctx.fq = nil
+	rwctx.c.MustStop()
+	rwctx.c = nil
+
+	rwctx.relabelMetricsDropped = nil
+}
+
+func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) Push(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
+	var rctx *relabelCtx
+	var v *[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	rcs := allRelabelConfigs.Load().(*relabelConfigs)
+	prcs := rcs.perURL[rwctx.idx]
+	if len(prcs) > 0 {
+		rctx = getRelabelCtx()
+		// Make a copy of tss before applying relabeling in order to prevent
+		// from affecting time series for other remoteWrite.url configs.
+		// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/467
+		// and https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/599
+		v = tssRelabelPool.Get().(*[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries)
+		tss = append(*v, tss...)
+		tssLen := len(tss)
+		tss = rctx.applyRelabeling(tss, nil, prcs)
+		rwctx.relabelMetricsDropped.Add(tssLen - len(tss))
+	}
+	pss := rwctx.pss
+	idx := atomic.AddUint64(&rwctx.pssNextIdx, 1) % uint64(len(pss))
+	pss[idx].Push(tss)
+	if rctx != nil {
+		*v = prompbmarshal.ResetTimeSeries(tss)
+		tssRelabelPool.Put(v)
+		putRelabelCtx(rctx)
+	}
+}
+
+var tssRelabelPool = &sync.Pool{
+	New: func() interface{} {
+		a := []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{}
+		return &a
+	},
+}

app/vmagent/remotewrite/statconn.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package remotewrite
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"strings"
+	"sync/atomic"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/netutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/fasthttp"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+func statDial(network, addr string) (conn net.Conn, err error) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(network, "tcp") {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected network passed to statDial: %q; it must start from `tcp`", network)
+	}
+	if netutil.TCP6Enabled() {
+		conn, err = fasthttp.DialDualStack(addr)
+	} else {
+		conn, err = fasthttp.Dial(addr)
+	}
+	dialsTotal.Inc()
+	if err != nil {
+		dialErrors.Inc()
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	conns.Inc()
+	sc := &statConn{
+		Conn: conn,
+	}
+	return sc, nil
+}
+
+var (
+	dialsTotal = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_dials_total`)
+	dialErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_dial_errors_total`)
+	conns      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conns`)
+)
+
+type statConn struct {
+	closed uint64
+	net.Conn
+}
+
+func (sc *statConn) Read(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	n, err := sc.Conn.Read(p)
+	connReadsTotal.Inc()
+	if err != nil {
+		connReadErrors.Inc()
+	}
+	connBytesRead.Add(n)
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func (sc *statConn) Write(p []byte) (int, error) {
+	n, err := sc.Conn.Write(p)
+	connWritesTotal.Inc()
+	if err != nil {
+		connWriteErrors.Inc()
+	}
+	connBytesWritten.Add(n)
+	return n, err
+}
+
+func (sc *statConn) Close() error {
+	err := sc.Conn.Close()
+	if atomic.AddUint64(&sc.closed, 1) == 1 {
+		conns.Dec()
+	}
+	return err
+}
+
+var (
+	connReadsTotal   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_reads_total`)
+	connWritesTotal  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_writes_total`)
+	connReadErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_read_errors_total`)
+	connWriteErrors  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_write_errors_total`)
+	connBytesRead    = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_bytes_read_total`)
+	connBytesWritten = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_conn_bytes_written_total`)
+)

app/vmagent/vmimport/request_handler.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package vmimport
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
+	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/vmimport"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/writeconcurrencylimiter"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rowsInserted  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="vmimport"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="vmimport"}`)
+)
+
+// InsertHandler processes `/api/v1/import` request.
+//
+// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/6
+func InsertHandler(req *http.Request) error {
+	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return writeconcurrencylimiter.Do(func() error {
+		return parser.ParseStream(req, func(rows []parser.Row) error {
+			return insertRows(rows, extraLabels)
+		})
+	})
+}
+
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
+	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
+	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
+
+	rowsTotal := 0
+	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
+	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
+	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
+	for i := range rows {
+		r := &rows[i]
+		rowsTotal += len(r.Values)
+		labelsLen := len(labels)
+		for j := range r.Tags {
+			tag := &r.Tags[j]
+			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
+				Name:  bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(tag.Key),
+				Value: bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(tag.Value),
+			})
+		}
+		labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
+		values := r.Values
+		timestamps := r.Timestamps
+		if len(timestamps) != len(values) {
+			logger.Panicf("BUG: len(timestamps)=%d must match len(values)=%d", len(timestamps), len(values))
+		}
+		samplesLen := len(samples)
+		for j, value := range values {
+			samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
+				Value:     value,
+				Timestamp: timestamps[j],
+			})
+		}
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
+			Samples: samples[samplesLen:],
+		})
+	}
+	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
+	ctx.Labels = labels
+	ctx.Samples = samples
+	remotewrite.Push(&ctx.WriteRequest)
+	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
+	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsTotal))
+	return nil
+}

app/vmalert/Makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+# All these commands must run from repository root.
+
+vmalert:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-local
+
+vmalert-race:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert RACE=-race $(MAKE) app-local
+
+vmalert-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker
+
+vmalert-pure-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-pure
+
+vmalert-amd64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-amd64
+
+vmalert-arm-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm
+
+vmalert-arm64-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-arm64
+
+vmalert-ppc64le-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+vmalert-386-prod:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-via-docker-386
+
+package-vmalert:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker
+
+package-vmalert-pure:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-pure
+
+package-vmalert-amd64:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-amd64
+
+package-vmalert-arm:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm
+
+package-vmalert-arm64:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-arm64
+
+package-vmalert-ppc64le:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-ppc64le
+
+package-vmalert-386:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) package-via-docker-386
+
+publish-vmalert:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) publish-via-docker
+
+test-vmalert:
+	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert -loggerLevel=ERROR
+	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/datasource
+	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/notifier
+	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/config
+
+run-vmalert: vmalert
+	./bin/vmalert -rule=app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules2-good.rules \
+		-datasource.url=http://localhost:8428 \
+		-notifier.url=http://localhost:9093 \
+		-notifier.url=http://127.0.0.1:9093 \
+		-remoteWrite.url=http://localhost:8428 \
+		-remoteRead.url=http://localhost:8428 \
+		-external.label=cluster=east-1 \
+		-external.label=replica=a \
+		-evaluationInterval=3s
+
+vmalert-amd64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=1 GOARCH=amd64 $(MAKE) vmalert-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-arm:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=arm $(MAKE) vmalert-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-arm64:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=arm64 $(MAKE) vmalert-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-ppc64le:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=ppc64le $(MAKE) vmalert-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-386:
+	CGO_ENABLED=0 GOARCH=386 $(MAKE) vmalert-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-local-with-goarch:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-local-with-goarch
+
+vmalert-pure:
+	APP_NAME=vmalert $(MAKE) app-local-pure

app/vmalert/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+## vmalert
+
+`vmalert` executes a list of given [alerting](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/)
+or [recording](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/recording_rules/)
+rules against configured address.
+
+### Features:
+* Integration with [VictoriaMetrics](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics) TSDB;
+* VictoriaMetrics [MetricsQL](https://victoriametrics.github.io/MetricsQL.html)
+ support and expressions validation;
+* Prometheus [alerting rules definition format](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/#defining-alerting-rules)
+ support;
+* Integration with [Alertmanager](https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager);
+* Keeps the alerts [state on restarts](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/tree/master/app/vmalert#alerts-state-on-restarts);
+* Lightweight without extra dependencies.
+
+### Limitations:
+* `vmalert` execute queries against remote datasource which has reliability risks because of network. 
+It is recommended to configure alerts thresholds and rules expressions with understanding that network request
+may fail;
+* by default, rules execution is sequential within one group, but persisting of execution results to remote
+storage is asynchronous. Hence, user shouldn't rely on recording rules chaining when result of previous
+recording rule is reused in next one;
+* `vmalert` has no UI, just an API for getting groups and rules statuses.
+
+### QuickStart
+
+To build `vmalert` from sources:
+```
+git clone https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics
+cd VictoriaMetrics
+make vmalert
+```
+The build binary will be placed to `VictoriaMetrics/bin` folder.
+
+To start using `vmalert` you will need the following things:
+* list of rules - PromQL/MetricsQL expressions to execute;
+* datasource address - reachable VictoriaMetrics instance for rules execution;
+* notifier address - reachable [Alert Manager](https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager) instance for processing, 
+aggregating alerts and sending notifications.
+* remote write address - [remote write](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/storage/#remote-storage-integrations)
+compatible storage address for storing recording rules results and alerts state in for of timeseries. This is optional.
+
+Then configure `vmalert` accordingly:
+```
+./bin/vmalert -rule=alert.rules \
+    -datasource.url=http://localhost:8428 \  # PromQL compatible datasource
+    -notifier.url=http://localhost:9093 \    # AlertManager URL
+    -notifier.url=http://127.0.0.1:9093 \    # AlertManager replica URL
+    -remoteWrite.url=http://localhost:8428 \ # remote write compatible storage to persist rules
+    -remoteRead.url=http://localhost:8428 \  # PromQL compatible datasource to restore alerts state from
+    -external.label=cluster=east-1 \         # External label to be applied for each rule
+    -external.label=replica=a \              # Multiple external labels may be set
+    -evaluationInterval=3s                   # Default evaluation interval if not specified in rules group
+```
+
+If you run multiple `vmalert` services for the same datastore or AlertManager - do not forget
+to specify different `external.label` flags in order to define which `vmalert` generated rules or alerts. 
+
+Configuration for [recording](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/recording_rules/) 
+and [alerting](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/) rules is very 
+similar to Prometheus rules and configured using YAML. Configuration examples may be found 
+in [testdata](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/master/app/vmalert/config/testdata) folder.
+Every `rule` belongs to `group` and every configuration file may contain arbitrary number of groups:
+```yaml
+groups:
+  [ - <rule_group> ]
+```
+
+#### Groups
+
+Each group has following attributes:
+```yaml
+# The name of the group. Must be unique within a file.
+name: <string>
+
+# How often rules in the group are evaluated.
+[ interval: <duration> | default = global.evaluation_interval ]
+
+# How many rules execute at once. Increasing concurrency may speed
+# up round execution speed. 
+[ concurrency: <integer> | default = 1 ]
+
+rules:
+  [ - <rule> ... ]
+```
+
+#### Rules
+
+There are two types of Rules:
+* [alerting](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/alerting_rules/) - 
+Alerting rules allows to define alert conditions via [MetricsQL](https://victoriametrics.github.io/MetricsQL.html)
+and to send notifications about firing alerts to [Alertmanager](https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager).
+* [recording](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/recording_rules/) - 
+Recording rules allow you to precompute frequently needed or computationally expensive expressions 
+and save their result as a new set of time series.
+
+`vmalert` forbids to define duplicates - rules with the same combination of name, expression and labels
+within one group. 
+
+##### Alerting rules
+
+The syntax for alerting rule is following:
+```yaml
+# The name of the alert. Must be a valid metric name.
+alert: <string>
+
+# The MetricsQL expression to evaluate.
+expr: <string>
+
+# Alerts are considered firing once they have been returned for this long.
+# Alerts which have not yet fired for long enough are considered pending.
+[ for: <duration> | default = 0s ]
+
+# Labels to add or overwrite for each alert.
+labels:
+  [ <labelname>: <tmpl_string> ]
+
+# Annotations to add to each alert.
+annotations:
+  [ <labelname>: <tmpl_string> ]
+``` 
+
+##### Recording rules
+
+The syntax for recording rules is following:
+```yaml
+# The name of the time series to output to. Must be a valid metric name.
+record: <string>
+
+# The MetricsQL expression to evaluate.
+expr: <string>
+
+# Labels to add or overwrite before storing the result.
+labels:
+  [ <labelname>: <labelvalue> ]
+```
+
+For recording rules to work `-remoteWrite.url` must specified.
+
+
+#### Alerts state on restarts
+
+`vmalert` has no local storage, so alerts state is stored in the process memory. Hence, after reloading of `vmalert` 
+the process alerts state will be lost. To avoid this situation, `vmalert` should be configured via the following flags:
+* `-remoteWrite.url` - URL to VictoriaMetrics (Single) or VMInsert (Cluster). `vmalert` will persist alerts state 
+into the configured address in the form of time series named `ALERTS` and `ALERTS_FOR_STATE` via remote-write protocol. 
+These are regular time series and may be queried from VM just as any other time series. 
+The state stored to the configured address on every rule evaluation.
+* `-remoteRead.url` - URL to VictoriaMetrics (Single) or VMSelect (Cluster). `vmalert` will try to restore alerts state 
+from configured address by querying time series with name `ALERTS_FOR_STATE`.
+
+Both flags are required for the proper state restoring. Restore process may fail if time series are missing
+in configured `-remoteRead.url`, weren't updated in the last `1h` or received state doesn't match current `vmalert` 
+rules configuration.
+
+
+#### WEB
+
+`vmalert` runs a web-server (`-httpListenAddr`) for serving metrics and alerts endpoints:
+* `http://<vmalert-addr>/api/v1/groups` - list of all loaded groups and rules;
+* `http://<vmalert-addr>/api/v1/alerts` - list of all active alerts;
+* `http://<vmalert-addr>/api/v1/<groupName>/<alertID>/status" ` - get alert status by ID.
+Used as alert source in AlertManager.
+* `http://<vmalert-addr>/metrics` - application metrics.
+* `http://<vmalert-addr>/-/reload` - hot configuration reload.
+
+
+### Configuration
+
+The shortlist of configuration flags is the following:
+```
+  -datasource.basicAuth.password string
+    	Optional basic auth password for -datasource.url
+  -datasource.basicAuth.username string
+    	Optional basic auth username for -datasource.url
+  -datasource.lookback duration
+        Lookback defines how far to look into past when evaluating queries. For example, if datasource.lookback=5m then param "time" with value now()-5m will be added to every query.
+  -datasource.maxIdleConnections int
+        Defines the number of idle (keep-alive connections) to configured datasource.Consider to set this value equal to the value: groups_total * group.concurrency. Too low value may result into high number of sockets in TIME_WAIT state. (default 100)
+  -datasource.tlsCAFile string
+    	Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -datasource.url. By default system CA is used
+  -datasource.tlsCertFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -datasource.url
+  -datasource.tlsInsecureSkipVerify
+    	Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -datasource.url
+  -datasource.tlsKeyFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -datasource.url
+  -datasource.tlsServerName string
+    	Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -datasource.url. By default the server name from -datasource.url is used
+  -datasource.url string
+    	Victoria Metrics or VMSelect url. Required parameter. E.g. http://127.0.0.1:8428
+  -enableTCP6
+    	Whether to enable IPv6 for listening and dialing. By default only IPv4 TCP is used
+  -envflag.enable
+    	Whether to enable reading flags from environment variables additionally to command line. Command line flag values have priority over values from environment vars. Flags are read only from command line if this flag isn't set
+  -envflag.prefix string
+    	Prefix for environment variables if -envflag.enable is set
+  -evaluationInterval duration
+    	How often to evaluate the rules (default 1m0s)
+  -external.alert.source string
+    	External Alert Source allows to override the Source link for alerts sent to AlertManager for cases where you want to build a custom link to Grafana, Prometheus or any other service.
+    	eg. 'explore?orgId=1&left=[\"now-1h\",\"now\",\"VictoriaMetrics\",{\"expr\": \"{{$expr|quotesEscape|pathEscape}}\"},{\"mode\":\"Metrics\"},{\"ui\":[true,true,true,\"none\"]}]'.If empty '/api/v1/:groupID/alertID/status' is used
+  -external.label array
+    	Optional label in the form 'name=value' to add to all generated recording rules and alerts. Pass multiple -label flags in order to add multiple label sets.
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -external.url string
+    	External URL is used as alert's source for sent alerts to the notifier
+  -http.connTimeout duration
+    	Incoming http connections are closed after the configured timeout. This may help spreading incoming load among a cluster of services behind load balancer. Note that the real timeout may be bigger by up to 10% as a protection from Thundering herd problem (default 2m0s)
+  -http.disableResponseCompression
+    	Disable compression of HTTP responses for saving CPU resources. By default compression is enabled to save network bandwidth
+  -http.idleConnTimeout duration
+    	Timeout for incoming idle http connections (default 1m0s)
+  -http.maxGracefulShutdownDuration duration
+    	The maximum duration for graceful shutdown of HTTP server. Highly loaded server may require increased value for graceful shutdown (default 7s)
+  -http.pathPrefix string
+    	An optional prefix to add to all the paths handled by http server. For example, if '-http.pathPrefix=/foo/bar' is set, then all the http requests will be handled on '/foo/bar/*' paths. This may be useful for proxied requests. See https://www.robustperception.io/using-external-urls-and-proxies-with-prometheus
+  -http.shutdownDelay duration
+    	Optional delay before http server shutdown. During this dealy the servier returns non-OK responses from /health page, so load balancers can route new requests to other servers
+  -httpAuth.password string
+    	Password for HTTP Basic Auth. The authentication is disabled if -httpAuth.username is empty
+  -httpAuth.username string
+    	Username for HTTP Basic Auth. The authentication is disabled if empty. See also -httpAuth.password
+  -httpListenAddr string
+    	Address to listen for http connections (default ":8880")
+  -loggerErrorsPerSecondLimit int
+    	Per-second limit on the number of ERROR messages. If more than the given number of errors are emitted per second, then the remaining errors are suppressed. Zero value disables the rate limit (default 10)
+  -loggerFormat string
+    	Format for logs. Possible values: default, json (default "default")
+  -loggerLevel string
+    	Minimum level of errors to log. Possible values: INFO, WARN, ERROR, FATAL, PANIC (default "INFO")
+  -loggerOutput string
+    	Output for the logs. Supported values: stderr, stdout (default "stderr")
+  -memory.allowedBytes value
+    	Allowed size of system memory VictoriaMetrics caches may occupy. This option overrides -memory.allowedPercent if set to non-zero value. Too low value may increase cache miss rate, which usually results in higher CPU and disk IO usage. Too high value may evict too much data from OS page cache, which will result in higher disk IO usage
+    	Supports the following optional suffixes for values: KB, MB, GB, KiB, MiB, GiB (default 0)
+  -memory.allowedPercent float
+    	Allowed percent of system memory VictoriaMetrics caches may occupy. See also -memory.allowedBytes. Too low value may increase cache miss rate, which usually results in higher CPU and disk IO usage. Too high value may evict too much data from OS page cache, which will result in higher disk IO usage (default 60)
+  -metricsAuthKey string
+    	Auth key for /metrics. It overrides httpAuth settings
+  -notifier.basicAuth.password array
+    	Optional basic auth password for -datasource.url
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.basicAuth.username array
+    	Optional basic auth username for -datasource.url
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.tlsCAFile array
+    	Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -notifier.url. By default system CA is used
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.tlsCertFile array
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -notifier.url
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.tlsInsecureSkipVerify
+    	Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -notifier.url
+  -notifier.tlsKeyFile array
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -notifier.url
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.tlsServerName array
+    	Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -notifier.url. By default the server name from -notifier.url is used
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -notifier.url array
+    	Prometheus alertmanager URL. Required parameter. e.g. http://127.0.0.1:9093
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -pprofAuthKey string
+    	Auth key for /debug/pprof. It overrides httpAuth settings
+  -remoteRead.basicAuth.password string
+    	Optional basic auth password for -remoteRead.url
+  -remoteRead.basicAuth.username string
+    	Optional basic auth username for -remoteRead.url
+  -remoteRead.lookback duration
+    	Lookback defines how far to look into past for alerts timeseries. For example, if lookback=1h then range from now() to now()-1h will be scanned. (default 1h0m0s)
+  -remoteRead.tlsCAFile string
+    	Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -remoteRead.url. By default system CA is used
+  -remoteRead.tlsCertFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -remoteRead.url
+  -remoteRead.tlsInsecureSkipVerify
+    	Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -remoteRead.url
+  -remoteRead.tlsKeyFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -remoteRead.url
+  -remoteRead.tlsServerName string
+    	Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -remoteRead.url. By default the server name from -remoteRead.url is used
+  -remoteRead.url vmalert
+    	Optional URL to Victoria Metrics or VMSelect that will be used to restore alerts state. This configuration makes sense only if vmalert was configured with `remoteWrite.url` before and has been successfully persisted its state. E.g. http://127.0.0.1:8428
+  -remoteWrite.basicAuth.password string
+    	Optional basic auth password for -remoteWrite.url
+  -remoteWrite.basicAuth.username string
+    	Optional basic auth username for -remoteWrite.url
+  -remoteWrite.concurrency int
+    	Defines number of writers for concurrent writing into remote querier (default 1)
+  -remoteWrite.flushInterval duration
+    	Defines interval of flushes to remote write endpoint (default 5s)
+  -remoteWrite.maxBatchSize int
+    	Defines defines max number of timeseries to be flushed at once (default 1000)
+  -remoteWrite.maxQueueSize int
+    	Defines the max number of pending datapoints to remote write endpoint (default 100000)
+  -remoteWrite.tlsCAFile string
+    	Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -remoteWrite.url. By default system CA is used
+  -remoteWrite.tlsCertFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -remoteWrite.url
+  -remoteWrite.tlsInsecureSkipVerify
+    	Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -remoteWrite.url
+  -remoteWrite.tlsKeyFile string
+    	Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -remoteWrite.url
+  -remoteWrite.tlsServerName string
+    	Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -remoteWrite.url. By default the server name from -remoteWrite.url is used
+  -remoteWrite.url string
+    	Optional URL to Victoria Metrics or VMInsert where to persist alerts state and recording rules results in form of timeseries. E.g. http://127.0.0.1:8428
+  -rule array
+    	Path to the file with alert rules. 
+    	Supports patterns. Flag can be specified multiple times. 
+    	Examples:
+    	 -rule="/path/to/file". Path to a single file with alerting rules
+    	 -rule="dir/*.yaml" -rule="/*.yaml". Relative path to all .yaml files in "dir" folder, 
+    	absolute path to all .yaml files in root.
+    	Rule files may contain %{ENV_VAR} placeholders, which are substituted by the corresponding env vars.
+    	Supports array of values separated by comma or specified via multiple flags.
+  -rule.validateExpressions
+    	Whether to validate rules expressions via MetricsQL engine (default true)
+  -rule.validateTemplates
+    	Whether to validate annotation and label templates (default true)
+  -tls
+    	Whether to enable TLS (aka HTTPS) for incoming requests. -tlsCertFile and -tlsKeyFile must be set if -tls is set
+  -tlsCertFile string
+    	Path to file with TLS certificate. Used only if -tls is set. Prefer ECDSA certs instead of RSA certs, since RSA certs are slow
+  -tlsKeyFile string
+    	Path to file with TLS key. Used only if -tls is set
+  -version
+    	Show VictoriaMetrics version
+```
+
+Pass `-help` to `vmalert` in order to see the full list of supported 
+command-line flags with their descriptions.
+
+To reload configuration without `vmalert` restart send SIGHUP signal
+or send GET request to `/-/reload` endpoint.
+
+### Contributing
+
+`vmalert` is mostly designed and built by VictoriaMetrics community.
+Feel free to share your experience and ideas for improving this 
+software. Please keep simplicity as the main priority.
+
+### How to build from sources
+
+It is recommended using 
+[binary releases](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/releases) 
+- `vmalert` is located in `vmutils-*` archives there.
+
+
+#### Development build
+
+1. [Install Go](https://golang.org/doc/install). The minimum supported version is Go 1.13.
+2. Run `make vmalert` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmalert` binary and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+#### Production build
+
+1. [Install docker](https://docs.docker.com/install/).
+2. Run `make vmalert-prod` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmalert-prod` binary and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+
+#### ARM build
+
+ARM build may run on Raspberry Pi or on [energy-efficient ARM servers](https://blog.cloudflare.com/arm-takes-wing/).
+
+#### Development ARM build
+
+1. [Install Go](https://golang.org/doc/install). The minimum supported version is Go 1.13.
+2. Run `make vmalert-arm` or `make vmalert-arm64` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmalert-arm` or `vmalert-arm64` binary respectively and puts it into the `bin` folder.
+
+#### Production ARM build
+
+1. [Install docker](https://docs.docker.com/install/).
+2. Run `make vmalert-arm-prod` or `make vmalert-arm64-prod` from the root folder of the repository.
+   It builds `vmalert-arm-prod` or `vmalert-arm64-prod` binary respectively and puts it into the `bin` folder.

app/vmalert/alerting.go

@@ -0,0 +1,447 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"hash/fnv"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+// AlertingRule is basic alert entity
+type AlertingRule struct {
+	RuleID      uint64
+	Name        string
+	Expr        string
+	For         time.Duration
+	Labels      map[string]string
+	Annotations map[string]string
+	GroupID     uint64
+	GroupName   string
+
+	// guard status fields
+	mu sync.RWMutex
+	// stores list of active alerts
+	alerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
+	// stores last moment of time Exec was called
+	lastExecTime time.Time
+	// stores last error that happened in Exec func
+	// resets on every successful Exec
+	// may be used as Health state
+	lastExecError error
+
+	metrics *alertingRuleMetrics
+}
+
+type alertingRuleMetrics struct {
+	errors  *gauge
+	pending *gauge
+	active  *gauge
+}
+
+func newAlertingRule(group *Group, cfg config.Rule) *AlertingRule {
+	ar := &AlertingRule{
+		RuleID:      cfg.ID,
+		Name:        cfg.Alert,
+		Expr:        cfg.Expr,
+		For:         cfg.For.Duration(),
+		Labels:      cfg.Labels,
+		Annotations: cfg.Annotations,
+		GroupID:     group.ID(),
+		GroupName:   group.Name,
+		alerts:      make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert),
+		metrics:     &alertingRuleMetrics{},
+	}
+
+	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`alertname=%q, group=%q, id="%d"`, ar.Name, group.Name, ar.ID())
+	ar.metrics.pending = getOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerts_pending{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			ar.mu.Lock()
+			defer ar.mu.Unlock()
+			var num int
+			for _, a := range ar.alerts {
+				if a.State == notifier.StatePending {
+					num++
+				}
+			}
+			return float64(num)
+		})
+	ar.metrics.active = getOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerts_firing{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			ar.mu.Lock()
+			defer ar.mu.Unlock()
+			var num int
+			for _, a := range ar.alerts {
+				if a.State == notifier.StateFiring {
+					num++
+				}
+			}
+			return float64(num)
+		})
+	ar.metrics.errors = getOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerts_error{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			ar.mu.Lock()
+			defer ar.mu.Unlock()
+			if ar.lastExecError == nil {
+				return 0
+			}
+			return 1
+		})
+	return ar
+}
+
+// Close unregisters rule metrics
+func (ar *AlertingRule) Close() {
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(ar.metrics.active.name)
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(ar.metrics.pending.name)
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(ar.metrics.errors.name)
+}
+
+// String implements Stringer interface
+func (ar *AlertingRule) String() string {
+	return ar.Name
+}
+
+// ID returns unique Rule ID
+// within the parent Group.
+func (ar *AlertingRule) ID() uint64 {
+	return ar.RuleID
+}
+
+// Exec executes AlertingRule expression via the given Querier.
+// Based on the Querier results AlertingRule maintains notifier.Alerts
+func (ar *AlertingRule) Exec(ctx context.Context, q datasource.Querier, series bool) ([]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, error) {
+	qMetrics, err := q.Query(ctx, ar.Expr)
+	ar.mu.Lock()
+	defer ar.mu.Unlock()
+
+	ar.lastExecError = err
+	ar.lastExecTime = time.Now()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to execute query %q: %w", ar.Expr, err)
+	}
+
+	for h, a := range ar.alerts {
+		// cleanup inactive alerts from previous Exec
+		if a.State == notifier.StateInactive {
+			delete(ar.alerts, h)
+		}
+	}
+
+	qFn := func(query string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) { return q.Query(ctx, query) }
+	updated := make(map[uint64]struct{})
+	// update list of active alerts
+	for _, m := range qMetrics {
+		// extra labels could contain templates, so we expand them first
+		labels, err := expandLabels(m, qFn, ar)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %s", err)
+		}
+		for k, v := range labels {
+			// apply extra labels to datasource
+			// so the hash key will be consistent on restore
+			m.SetLabel(k, v)
+		}
+		h := hash(m)
+		if _, ok := updated[h]; ok {
+			// duplicate may be caused by extra labels
+			// conflicting with the metric labels
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("labels %v: %w", m.Labels, errDuplicate)
+		}
+		updated[h] = struct{}{}
+		if a, ok := ar.alerts[h]; ok {
+			if a.Value != m.Value {
+				// update Value field with latest value
+				a.Value = m.Value
+				// and re-exec template since Value can be used
+				// in annotations
+				a.Annotations, err = a.ExecTemplate(qFn, ar.Annotations)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, err
+				}
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		a, err := ar.newAlert(m, ar.lastExecTime, qFn)
+		if err != nil {
+			ar.lastExecError = err
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create alert: %w", err)
+		}
+		a.ID = h
+		a.State = notifier.StatePending
+		ar.alerts[h] = a
+	}
+
+	for h, a := range ar.alerts {
+		// if alert wasn't updated in this iteration
+		// means it is resolved already
+		if _, ok := updated[h]; !ok {
+			if a.State == notifier.StatePending {
+				// alert was in Pending state - it is not
+				// active anymore
+				delete(ar.alerts, h)
+				continue
+			}
+			a.State = notifier.StateInactive
+			continue
+		}
+		if a.State == notifier.StatePending && time.Since(a.Start) >= ar.For {
+			a.State = notifier.StateFiring
+			alertsFired.Inc()
+		}
+	}
+	if series {
+		return ar.toTimeSeries(ar.lastExecTime), nil
+	}
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func expandLabels(m datasource.Metric, q notifier.QueryFn, ar *AlertingRule) (map[string]string, error) {
+	metricLabels := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, l := range m.Labels {
+		metricLabels[l.Name] = l.Value
+	}
+	tpl := notifier.AlertTplData{
+		Labels: metricLabels,
+		Value:  m.Value,
+		Expr:   ar.Expr,
+	}
+	return notifier.ExecTemplate(q, ar.Labels, tpl)
+}
+
+func (ar *AlertingRule) toTimeSeries(timestamp time.Time) []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	var tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	for _, a := range ar.alerts {
+		if a.State == notifier.StateInactive {
+			continue
+		}
+		ts := ar.alertToTimeSeries(a, timestamp)
+		tss = append(tss, ts...)
+	}
+	return tss
+}
+
+// UpdateWith copies all significant fields.
+// alerts state isn't copied since
+// it should be updated in next 2 Execs
+func (ar *AlertingRule) UpdateWith(r Rule) error {
+	nr, ok := r.(*AlertingRule)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("BUG: attempt to update alerting rule with wrong type %#v", r)
+	}
+	ar.Expr = nr.Expr
+	ar.For = nr.For
+	ar.Labels = nr.Labels
+	ar.Annotations = nr.Annotations
+	return nil
+}
+
+// TODO: consider hashing algorithm in VM
+func hash(m datasource.Metric) uint64 {
+	hash := fnv.New64a()
+	labels := m.Labels
+	sort.Slice(labels, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return labels[i].Name < labels[j].Name
+	})
+	for _, l := range labels {
+		// drop __name__ to be consistent with Prometheus alerting
+		if l.Name == "__name__" {
+			continue
+		}
+		hash.Write([]byte(l.Name))
+		hash.Write([]byte(l.Value))
+		hash.Write([]byte("\xff"))
+	}
+	return hash.Sum64()
+}
+
+func (ar *AlertingRule) newAlert(m datasource.Metric, start time.Time, qFn notifier.QueryFn) (*notifier.Alert, error) {
+	a := &notifier.Alert{
+		GroupID: ar.GroupID,
+		Name:    ar.Name,
+		Labels:  map[string]string{},
+		Value:   m.Value,
+		Start:   start,
+		Expr:    ar.Expr,
+	}
+	// label defined here to make override possible by
+	// time series labels.
+	a.Labels[alertGroupNameLabel] = ar.GroupName
+	for _, l := range m.Labels {
+		// drop __name__ to be consistent with Prometheus alerting
+		if l.Name == "__name__" {
+			continue
+		}
+		a.Labels[l.Name] = l.Value
+	}
+	var err error
+	a.Annotations, err = a.ExecTemplate(qFn, ar.Annotations)
+	return a, err
+}
+
+// AlertAPI generates APIAlert object from alert by its id(hash)
+func (ar *AlertingRule) AlertAPI(id uint64) *APIAlert {
+	ar.mu.RLock()
+	defer ar.mu.RUnlock()
+	a, ok := ar.alerts[id]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return ar.newAlertAPI(*a)
+}
+
+// RuleAPI returns Rule representation in form
+// of APIAlertingRule
+func (ar *AlertingRule) RuleAPI() APIAlertingRule {
+	var lastErr string
+	if ar.lastExecError != nil {
+		lastErr = ar.lastExecError.Error()
+	}
+	return APIAlertingRule{
+		// encode as strings to avoid rounding
+		ID:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", ar.ID()),
+		GroupID:     fmt.Sprintf("%d", ar.GroupID),
+		Name:        ar.Name,
+		Expression:  ar.Expr,
+		For:         ar.For.String(),
+		LastError:   lastErr,
+		LastExec:    ar.lastExecTime,
+		Labels:      ar.Labels,
+		Annotations: ar.Annotations,
+	}
+}
+
+// AlertsAPI generates list of APIAlert objects from existing alerts
+func (ar *AlertingRule) AlertsAPI() []*APIAlert {
+	var alerts []*APIAlert
+	ar.mu.RLock()
+	for _, a := range ar.alerts {
+		alerts = append(alerts, ar.newAlertAPI(*a))
+	}
+	ar.mu.RUnlock()
+	return alerts
+}
+
+func (ar *AlertingRule) newAlertAPI(a notifier.Alert) *APIAlert {
+	return &APIAlert{
+		// encode as strings to avoid rounding
+		ID:      fmt.Sprintf("%d", a.ID),
+		GroupID: fmt.Sprintf("%d", a.GroupID),
+
+		Name:        a.Name,
+		Expression:  ar.Expr,
+		Labels:      a.Labels,
+		Annotations: a.Annotations,
+		State:       a.State.String(),
+		ActiveAt:    a.Start,
+		Value:       strconv.FormatFloat(a.Value, 'e', -1, 64),
+	}
+}
+
+const (
+	// alertMetricName is the metric name for synthetic alert timeseries.
+	alertMetricName = "ALERTS"
+	// alertForStateMetricName is the metric name for 'for' state of alert.
+	alertForStateMetricName = "ALERTS_FOR_STATE"
+
+	// alertNameLabel is the label name indicating the name of an alert.
+	alertNameLabel = "alertname"
+	// alertStateLabel is the label name indicating the state of an alert.
+	alertStateLabel = "alertstate"
+
+	// alertGroupNameLabel defines the label name attached for generated time series.
+	alertGroupNameLabel = "alertgroup"
+)
+
+// alertToTimeSeries converts the given alert with the given timestamp to timeseries
+func (ar *AlertingRule) alertToTimeSeries(a *notifier.Alert, timestamp time.Time) []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	var tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	tss = append(tss, alertToTimeSeries(ar.Name, a, timestamp))
+	if ar.For > 0 {
+		tss = append(tss, alertForToTimeSeries(ar.Name, a, timestamp))
+	}
+	return tss
+}
+
+func alertToTimeSeries(name string, a *notifier.Alert, timestamp time.Time) prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	labels := make(map[string]string)
+	for k, v := range a.Labels {
+		labels[k] = v
+	}
+	labels["__name__"] = alertMetricName
+	labels[alertNameLabel] = name
+	labels[alertStateLabel] = a.State.String()
+	return newTimeSeries(1, labels, timestamp)
+}
+
+// alertForToTimeSeries returns a timeseries that represents
+// state of active alerts, where value is time when alert become active
+func alertForToTimeSeries(name string, a *notifier.Alert, timestamp time.Time) prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	labels := make(map[string]string)
+	for k, v := range a.Labels {
+		labels[k] = v
+	}
+	labels["__name__"] = alertForStateMetricName
+	labels[alertNameLabel] = name
+	return newTimeSeries(float64(a.Start.Unix()), labels, timestamp)
+}
+
+// Restore restores the state of active alerts basing on previously written timeseries.
+// Restore restores only Start field. Field State will be always Pending and supposed
+// to be updated on next Exec, as well as Value field.
+// Only rules with For > 0 will be restored.
+func (ar *AlertingRule) Restore(ctx context.Context, q datasource.Querier, lookback time.Duration, labels map[string]string) error {
+	if q == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("querier is nil")
+	}
+
+	qFn := func(query string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) { return q.Query(ctx, query) }
+
+	// account for external labels in filter
+	var labelsFilter string
+	for k, v := range labels {
+		labelsFilter += fmt.Sprintf(",%s=%q", k, v)
+	}
+
+	// Get the last data point in range via MetricsQL `last_over_time`.
+	// We don't use plain PromQL since Prometheus doesn't support
+	// remote write protocol which is used for state persistence in vmalert.
+	expr := fmt.Sprintf("last_over_time(%s{alertname=%q%s}[%ds])",
+		alertForStateMetricName, ar.Name, labelsFilter, int(lookback.Seconds()))
+	qMetrics, err := q.Query(ctx, expr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	for _, m := range qMetrics {
+		labels := m.Labels
+		m.Labels = make([]datasource.Label, 0)
+		// drop all extra labels, so hash key will
+		// be identical to time series received in Exec
+		for _, l := range labels {
+			if l.Name == alertNameLabel || l.Name == alertGroupNameLabel {
+				continue
+			}
+			m.Labels = append(m.Labels, l)
+		}
+
+		a, err := ar.newAlert(m, time.Unix(int64(m.Value), 0), qFn)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to create alert: %w", err)
+		}
+		a.ID = hash(m)
+		a.State = notifier.StatePending
+		ar.alerts[a.ID] = a
+		logger.Infof("alert %q (%d) restored to state at %v", a.Name, a.ID, a.Start)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

app/vmalert/alerting_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,579 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+)
+
+func TestAlertingRule_ToTimeSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	timestamp := time.Now()
+	testCases := []struct {
+		rule  *AlertingRule
+		alert *notifier.Alert
+		expTS []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	}{
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("instant", 0),
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
+					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
+					alertNameLabel:  "instant",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("instant extra labels", 0),
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+				"job":      "foo",
+				"instance": "bar",
+			}},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
+					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
+					alertNameLabel:  "instant extra labels",
+					"job":           "foo",
+					"instance":      "bar",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("instant labels override", 0),
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+				alertStateLabel: "foo",
+				"__name__":      "bar",
+			}},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
+					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
+					alertNameLabel:  "instant labels override",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for", time.Second),
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Start: timestamp.Add(time.Second)},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
+					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
+					alertNameLabel:  "for",
+				}, timestamp),
+				newTimeSeries(float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix()), map[string]string{
+					"__name__":     alertForStateMetricName,
+					alertNameLabel: "for",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for pending", 10*time.Second),
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StatePending, Start: timestamp.Add(time.Second)},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
+					alertStateLabel: notifier.StatePending.String(),
+					alertNameLabel:  "for pending",
+				}, timestamp),
+				newTimeSeries(float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix()), map[string]string{
+					"__name__":     alertForStateMetricName,
+					alertNameLabel: "for pending",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tc.rule.alerts[tc.alert.ID] = tc.alert
+			tss := tc.rule.toTimeSeries(timestamp)
+			if err := compareTimeSeries(t, tc.expTS, tss); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("timeseries missmatch: %s", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAlertingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
+	const defaultStep = 5 * time.Millisecond
+	testCases := []struct {
+		rule      *AlertingRule
+		steps     [][]datasource.Metric
+		expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
+	}{
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("empty", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("empty labels", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{datasource.Metric{}},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(datasource.Metric{}): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive=>empty", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing=>inactive=>firing=>inactive=>empty=>firing", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{},
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("multiple-firing", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{
+					metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo"),
+					metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1"),
+					metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2"),
+				},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")):  {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("multiple-steps-firing", 0),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")},
+			},
+			// 1: fire first alert
+			// 2: fire second alert, set first inactive
+			// 3: fire third alert, set second inactive, delete first one
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo1")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo2")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending", time.Minute),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StatePending},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-fired", defaultStep),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>empty", time.Second),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				// empty step to reset and delete pending alerts
+				{},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive", defaultStep),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				// empty step to reset pending alerts
+				{},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateInactive},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive=>pending", defaultStep),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				// empty step to reset pending alerts
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StatePending},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending=>firing=>inactive=>pending=>firing", defaultStep),
+			[][]datasource.Metric{
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				// empty step to reset pending alerts
+				{},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+				{metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")},
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "name", "foo")): {State: notifier.StateFiring},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+			tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
+			for _, step := range tc.steps {
+				fq.reset()
+				fq.add(step...)
+				if _, err := tc.rule.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, false); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
+				}
+				// artificial delay between applying steps
+				time.Sleep(defaultStep)
+			}
+			if len(tc.rule.alerts) != len(tc.expAlerts) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d alerts; got %d", len(tc.expAlerts), len(tc.rule.alerts))
+			}
+			for key, exp := range tc.expAlerts {
+				got, ok := tc.rule.alerts[key]
+				if !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have key %d", key)
+				}
+				if got.State != exp.State {
+					t.Fatalf("expected state %d; got %d", exp.State, got.State)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAlertingRule_Restore(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		rule      *AlertingRule
+		metrics   []datasource.Metric
+		expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
+	}{
+		{
+			newTestRuleWithLabels("no extra labels"),
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					alertNameLabel, "",
+				),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(datasource.Metric{}): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestRuleWithLabels("metric labels"),
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					alertNameLabel, "",
+					alertGroupNameLabel, "groupID",
+					"foo", "bar",
+					"namespace", "baz",
+				),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t,
+					"foo", "bar",
+					"namespace", "baz",
+				)): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestRuleWithLabels("rule labels", "source", "vm"),
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					alertNameLabel, "",
+					"foo", "bar",
+					"namespace", "baz",
+					// extra labels set by rule
+					"source", "vm",
+				),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t,
+					"foo", "bar",
+					"namespace", "baz",
+					"source", "vm",
+				)): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			newTestRuleWithLabels("multiple alerts"),
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					"host", "localhost-1",
+				),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(2*time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					"host", "localhost-2",
+				),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, float64(time.Now().Truncate(3*time.Hour).Unix()),
+					"__name__", alertForStateMetricName,
+					"host", "localhost-3",
+				),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-1")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-2")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(2 * time.Hour)},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "host", "localhost-3")): {State: notifier.StatePending,
+					Start: time.Now().Truncate(3 * time.Hour)},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+			tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
+			fq.add(tc.metrics...)
+			if err := tc.rule.Restore(context.TODO(), fq, time.Hour, nil); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
+			}
+			if len(tc.rule.alerts) != len(tc.expAlerts) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d alerts; got %d", len(tc.expAlerts), len(tc.rule.alerts))
+			}
+			for key, exp := range tc.expAlerts {
+				got, ok := tc.rule.alerts[key]
+				if !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have key %d", key)
+				}
+				if got.State != exp.State {
+					t.Fatalf("expected state %d; got %d", exp.State, got.State)
+				}
+				if got.Start != exp.Start {
+					t.Fatalf("expected Start %v; got %v", exp.Start, got.Start)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAlertingRule_Exec_Negative(t *testing.T) {
+	fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+	ar := newTestAlertingRule("test", 0)
+	ar.Labels = map[string]string{"job": "test"}
+
+	// successful attempt
+	fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "bar"))
+	_, err := ar.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// label `job` will collide with rule extra label and will make both time series equal
+	fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "baz"))
+	_, err = ar.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, false)
+	if !errors.Is(err, errDuplicate) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to have %s error; got %s", errDuplicate, err)
+	}
+
+	fq.reset()
+
+	expErr := "connection reset by peer"
+	fq.setErr(errors.New(expErr))
+	_, err = ar.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, false)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err; got nil")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), expErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err %q; got %q insterad", expErr, err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAlertingRule_Template(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		rule      *AlertingRule
+		metrics   []datasource.Metric
+		expAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
+	}{
+		{
+			newTestRuleWithLabels("common", "region", "east"),
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "instance", "foo"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "instance", "bar"),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "foo")): {
+					Annotations: map[string]string{},
+					Labels: map[string]string{
+						alertGroupNameLabel: "",
+						"region":            "east",
+						"instance":          "foo",
+					},
+				},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "bar")): {
+					Annotations: map[string]string{},
+					Labels: map[string]string{
+						alertGroupNameLabel: "",
+						"region":            "east",
+						"instance":          "bar",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			&AlertingRule{
+				Name: "override label",
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"instance": "{{ $labels.instance }}",
+					"region":   "east",
+				},
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"summary":     `Too high connection number for "{{ $labels.instance }}" for region {{ $labels.region }}`,
+					"description": `It is {{ $value }} connections for "{{ $labels.instance }}"`,
+				},
+				alerts: make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert),
+			},
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "instance", "foo"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 10, "instance", "bar"),
+			},
+			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "foo")): {
+					Labels: map[string]string{
+						alertGroupNameLabel: "",
+						"instance":          "foo",
+						"region":            "east",
+					},
+					Annotations: map[string]string{
+						"summary":     `Too high connection number for "foo" for region east`,
+						"description": `It is 2 connections for "foo"`,
+					},
+				},
+				hash(metricWithLabels(t, "region", "east", "instance", "bar")): {
+					Labels: map[string]string{
+						alertGroupNameLabel: "",
+						"instance":          "bar",
+						"region":            "east",
+					},
+					Annotations: map[string]string{
+						"summary":     `Too high connection number for "bar" for region east`,
+						"description": `It is 10 connections for "bar"`,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_Exec"}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+			tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
+			fq.add(tc.metrics...)
+			if _, err := tc.rule.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, false); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
+			}
+			for hash, expAlert := range tc.expAlerts {
+				gotAlert := tc.rule.alerts[hash]
+				if gotAlert == nil {
+					t.Fatalf("alert %d is missing; labels: %v; annotations: %v",
+						hash, expAlert.Labels, expAlert.Annotations)
+				}
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(expAlert.Annotations, gotAlert.Annotations) {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have annotations %#v; got %#v", expAlert.Annotations, gotAlert.Annotations)
+				}
+				if !reflect.DeepEqual(expAlert.Labels, gotAlert.Labels) {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have labels %#v; got %#v", expAlert.Labels, gotAlert.Labels)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func newTestRuleWithLabels(name string, labels ...string) *AlertingRule {
+	r := newTestAlertingRule(name, 0)
+	r.Labels = make(map[string]string)
+	for i := 0; i < len(labels); i += 2 {
+		r.Labels[labels[i]] = labels[i+1]
+	}
+	return r
+}
+
+func newTestAlertingRule(name string, waitFor time.Duration) *AlertingRule {
+	return &AlertingRule{Name: name, alerts: make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert), For: waitFor}
+}

app/vmalert/config/config.go

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"crypto/md5"
+	"fmt"
+	"hash/fnv"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envtemplate"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metricsql"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+)
+
+// Group contains list of Rules grouped into
+// entity with one name and evaluation interval
+type Group struct {
+	File        string
+	Name        string        `yaml:"name"`
+	Interval    time.Duration `yaml:"interval,omitempty"`
+	Rules       []Rule        `yaml:"rules"`
+	Concurrency int           `yaml:"concurrency"`
+	// Checksum stores the hash of yaml definition for this group.
+	// May be used to detect any changes like rules re-ordering etc.
+	Checksum string
+
+	// Catches all undefined fields and must be empty after parsing.
+	XXX map[string]interface{} `yaml:",inline"`
+}
+
+// UnmarshalYAML implements the yaml.Unmarshaler interface.
+func (g *Group) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
+	type group Group
+	if err := unmarshal((*group)(g)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	b, err := yaml.Marshal(g)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal group configuration for checksum: %w", err)
+	}
+	h := md5.New()
+	h.Write(b)
+	g.Checksum = fmt.Sprintf("%x", h.Sum(nil))
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Validate check for internal Group or Rule configuration errors
+func (g *Group) Validate(validateAnnotations, validateExpressions bool) error {
+	if g.Name == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("group name must be set")
+	}
+	if len(g.Rules) == 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("group %q can't contain no rules", g.Name)
+	}
+	uniqueRules := map[uint64]struct{}{}
+	for _, r := range g.Rules {
+		ruleName := r.Record
+		if r.Alert != "" {
+			ruleName = r.Alert
+		}
+		if _, ok := uniqueRules[r.ID]; ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("rule %q duplicate", ruleName)
+		}
+		uniqueRules[r.ID] = struct{}{}
+		if err := r.Validate(); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("invalid rule %q.%q: %w", g.Name, ruleName, err)
+		}
+		if validateExpressions {
+			if _, err := metricsql.Parse(r.Expr); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid expression for rule %q.%q: %w", g.Name, ruleName, err)
+			}
+		}
+		if validateAnnotations {
+			if err := notifier.ValidateTemplates(r.Annotations); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid annotations for rule %q.%q: %w", g.Name, ruleName, err)
+			}
+			if err := notifier.ValidateTemplates(r.Labels); err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("invalid labels for rule %q.%q: %w", g.Name, ruleName, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return checkOverflow(g.XXX, fmt.Sprintf("group %q", g.Name))
+}
+
+// Rule describes entity that represent either
+// recording rule or alerting rule.
+type Rule struct {
+	ID          uint64
+	Record      string            `yaml:"record,omitempty"`
+	Alert       string            `yaml:"alert,omitempty"`
+	Expr        string            `yaml:"expr"`
+	For         PromDuration      `yaml:"for"`
+	Labels      map[string]string `yaml:"labels,omitempty"`
+	Annotations map[string]string `yaml:"annotations,omitempty"`
+
+	// Catches all undefined fields and must be empty after parsing.
+	XXX map[string]interface{} `yaml:",inline"`
+}
+
+// PromDuration is Prometheus duration.
+type PromDuration struct {
+	milliseconds int64
+}
+
+// NewPromDuration returns PromDuration for given d.
+func NewPromDuration(d time.Duration) PromDuration {
+	return PromDuration{
+		milliseconds: d.Milliseconds(),
+	}
+}
+
+// MarshalYAML implements yaml.Marshaler interface.
+func (pd PromDuration) MarshalYAML() (interface{}, error) {
+	return pd.Duration().String(), nil
+}
+
+// UnmarshalYAML implements yaml.Unmarshaler interface.
+func (pd *PromDuration) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
+	var s string
+	if err := unmarshal(&s); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	ms, err := metricsql.DurationValue(s, 0)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	pd.milliseconds = ms
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Duration returns duration for pd.
+func (pd *PromDuration) Duration() time.Duration {
+	return time.Duration(pd.milliseconds) * time.Millisecond
+}
+
+// UnmarshalYAML implements the yaml.Unmarshaler interface.
+func (r *Rule) UnmarshalYAML(unmarshal func(interface{}) error) error {
+	type rule Rule
+	if err := unmarshal((*rule)(r)); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	r.ID = HashRule(*r)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Name returns Rule name according to its type
+func (r *Rule) Name() string {
+	if r.Record != "" {
+		return r.Record
+	}
+	return r.Alert
+}
+
+// HashRule hashes significant Rule fields into
+// unique hash that supposed to define Rule uniqueness
+func HashRule(r Rule) uint64 {
+	h := fnv.New64a()
+	h.Write([]byte(r.Expr))
+	if r.Record != "" {
+		h.Write([]byte("recording"))
+		h.Write([]byte(r.Record))
+	} else {
+		h.Write([]byte("alerting"))
+		h.Write([]byte(r.Alert))
+	}
+	kv := sortMap(r.Labels)
+	for _, i := range kv {
+		h.Write([]byte(i.key))
+		h.Write([]byte(i.value))
+		h.Write([]byte("\xff"))
+	}
+	return h.Sum64()
+}
+
+// Validate check for Rule configuration errors
+func (r *Rule) Validate() error {
+	if (r.Record == "" && r.Alert == "") || (r.Record != "" && r.Alert != "") {
+		return fmt.Errorf("either `record` or `alert` must be set")
+	}
+	if r.Expr == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expression can't be empty")
+	}
+	return checkOverflow(r.XXX, "rule")
+}
+
+// Parse parses rule configs from given file patterns
+func Parse(pathPatterns []string, validateAnnotations, validateExpressions bool) ([]Group, error) {
+	var fp []string
+	for _, pattern := range pathPatterns {
+		matches, err := filepath.Glob(pattern)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error reading file pattern %s: %w", pattern, err)
+		}
+		fp = append(fp, matches...)
+	}
+	errGroup := new(utils.ErrGroup)
+	var groups []Group
+	for _, file := range fp {
+		uniqueGroups := map[string]struct{}{}
+		gr, err := parseFile(file)
+		if err != nil {
+			errGroup.Add(fmt.Errorf("failed to parse file %q: %w", file, err))
+			continue
+		}
+		for _, g := range gr {
+			if err := g.Validate(validateAnnotations, validateExpressions); err != nil {
+				errGroup.Add(fmt.Errorf("invalid group %q in file %q: %w", g.Name, file, err))
+				continue
+			}
+			if _, ok := uniqueGroups[g.Name]; ok {
+				errGroup.Add(fmt.Errorf("group name %q duplicate in file %q", g.Name, file))
+				continue
+			}
+			uniqueGroups[g.Name] = struct{}{}
+			g.File = file
+			groups = append(groups, g)
+		}
+	}
+	if err := errGroup.Err(); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if len(groups) < 1 {
+		logger.Warnf("no groups found in %s", strings.Join(pathPatterns, ";"))
+	}
+	return groups, nil
+}
+
+func parseFile(path string) ([]Group, error) {
+	data, err := ioutil.ReadFile(path)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error reading alert rule file: %w", err)
+	}
+	data = envtemplate.Replace(data)
+	g := struct {
+		Groups []Group `yaml:"groups"`
+		// Catches all undefined fields and must be empty after parsing.
+		XXX map[string]interface{} `yaml:",inline"`
+	}{}
+	err = yaml.Unmarshal(data, &g)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return g.Groups, checkOverflow(g.XXX, "config")
+}
+
+func checkOverflow(m map[string]interface{}, ctx string) error {
+	if len(m) > 0 {
+		var keys []string
+		for k := range m {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("unknown fields in %s: %s", ctx, strings.Join(keys, ", "))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+type item struct {
+	key, value string
+}
+
+func sortMap(m map[string]string) []item {
+	var kv []item
+	for k, v := range m {
+		kv = append(kv, item{key: k, value: v})
+	}
+	sort.Slice(kv, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return kv[i].key < kv[j].key
+	})
+	return kv
+}

app/vmalert/config/config_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,380 @@
+package config
+
+import (
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+)
+
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	u, _ := url.Parse("https://victoriametrics.com/path")
+	notifier.InitTemplateFunc(u)
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
+}
+
+func TestParseGood(t *testing.T) {
+	if _, err := Parse([]string{"testdata/*good.rules", "testdata/dir/*good.*"}, true, true); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("error parsing files %s", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseBad(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		path   []string
+		expErr string
+	}{
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/rules0-bad.rules"},
+			"unexpected token",
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/dir/rules0-bad.rules"},
+			"error parsing annotation",
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/dir/rules1-bad.rules"},
+			"duplicate in file",
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/dir/rules2-bad.rules"},
+			"function \"unknown\" not defined",
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/dir/rules3-bad.rules"},
+			"either `record` or `alert` must be set",
+		},
+		{
+			[]string{"testdata/dir/rules4-bad.rules"},
+			"either `record` or `alert` must be set",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		_, err := Parse(tc.path, true, true)
+		if err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("expected to get error")
+			return
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.expErr) {
+			t.Errorf("expected err to contain %q; got %q instead", tc.expErr, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRule_Validate(t *testing.T) {
+	if err := (&Rule{}).Validate(); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty name error")
+	}
+	if err := (&Rule{Alert: "alert"}).Validate(); err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected empty expr error")
+	}
+	if err := (&Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "test>0"}).Validate(); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected valid rule; got %s", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGroup_Validate(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		group               *Group
+		rules               []Rule
+		validateAnnotations bool
+		validateExpressions bool
+		expErr              string
+	}{
+		{
+			group:  &Group{},
+			expErr: "group name must be set",
+		},
+		{
+			group:  &Group{Name: "test"},
+			expErr: "contain no rules",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{
+						Record: "record",
+						Expr:   "up | 0",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{
+						Record: "record",
+						Expr:   "up | 0",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr:              "invalid expression",
+			validateExpressions: true,
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{
+						Alert: "alert",
+						Expr:  "up == 1",
+						Labels: map[string]string{
+							"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{
+						Alert: "alert",
+						Expr:  "up == 1",
+						Labels: map[string]string{
+							"summary": `
+{{ with printf "node_memory_MemTotal{job='node',instance='%s'}" "localhost" | query }}
+  {{ . | first | value | humanize1024 }}B
+{{ end }}`,
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			validateAnnotations: true,
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{
+						Alert: "alert",
+						Expr:  "up == 1",
+					},
+					{
+						Alert: "alert",
+						Expr:  "up == 1",
+					},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "duplicate",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+					{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "duplicate",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+					{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "duplicate",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+					{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"description": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "",
+		},
+		{
+			group: &Group{Name: "test",
+				Rules: []Rule{
+					{Record: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+					{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+						"summary": "{{ value|query }}",
+					}},
+				},
+			},
+			expErr: "",
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		err := tc.group.Validate(tc.validateAnnotations, tc.validateExpressions)
+		if err == nil {
+			if tc.expErr != "" {
+				t.Errorf("expected to get err %q; got nil insted", tc.expErr)
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+		if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), tc.expErr) {
+			t.Errorf("expected err to contain %q; got %q instead", tc.expErr, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestHashRule(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		a, b  Rule
+		equal bool
+	}{
+		{
+			Rule{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			Rule{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"baz": "foo",
+				"foo": "bar",
+			}},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			Rule{Alert: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", For: NewPromDuration(time.Minute)},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			true,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			Rule{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			false,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			Rule{Record: "record", Expr: "up == 2"},
+			false,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"baz": "foo",
+				"foo": "baz",
+			}},
+			false,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			false,
+		},
+		{
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"foo": "bar",
+				"baz": "foo",
+			}},
+			Rule{Alert: "alert", Expr: "up == 1"},
+			false,
+		},
+	}
+	for i, tc := range testCases {
+		aID, bID := HashRule(tc.a), HashRule(tc.b)
+		if tc.equal != (aID == bID) {
+			t.Fatalf("missmatch for rule %d", i)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGroupChecksum(t *testing.T) {
+	f := func(t *testing.T, data, newData string) {
+		t.Helper()
+		var g Group
+		if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(data), &g); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal: %s", err)
+		}
+		if g.Checksum == "" {
+			t.Fatalf("expected to get non-empty checksum")
+		}
+
+		var ng Group
+		if err := yaml.Unmarshal([]byte(newData), &ng); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("failed to unmarshal: %s", err)
+		}
+		if g.Checksum == ng.Checksum {
+			t.Fatalf("expected to get different checksums")
+		}
+	}
+	t.Run("Ok", func(t *testing.T) {
+		f(t, `
+name: TestGroup
+rules:
+  - alert: ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring
+    expr: sum by(job) (up == 1)
+  - record: handler:requests:rate5m
+    expr: sum(rate(prometheus_http_requests_total[5m])) by (handler)
+`, `
+name: TestGroup
+rules:
+  - record: handler:requests:rate5m
+    expr: sum(rate(prometheus_http_requests_total[5m])) by (handler)
+  - alert: ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring
+    expr: sum by(job) (up == 1)
+`)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("Ok, `for` must change cs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		f(t, `
+name: TestGroup
+rules:
+  - alert: ExampleAlertWithFor
+    expr: sum by(job) (up == 1)
+    for: 5m
+`, `
+name: TestGroup
+rules:
+  - alert: ExampleAlertWithFor
+    expr: sum by(job) (up == 1)
+`)
+	})
+
+}

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules0-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - alert: InvalidAnnotations
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+      - alert: UnkownAnnotationsFunction
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ value|query }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules0-good.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+groups:
+  - name: duplicatedGroupDiffFiles
+    rules:
+      - alert: VMRows
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+          expr: "{{ $expr|queryEscape }}"
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value|humanize }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+
+

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules1-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+groups:
+  - name: sameGroup
+    rules:
+      - alert: alert
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+  - name: sameGroup
+    rules:
+      - alert: alert
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules1-good.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+groups:
+  - name: duplicatedGroupDiffFiles
+    rules:
+      - alert: VMRows
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules2-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - alert: UnkownLabelFunction
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+          summary: "{{ unknown|query }}"
+        annotations:
+          description: "{{$labels}}"

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules3-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules4-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - alert: rows
+        record: record
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0

app/vmalert/config/testdata/dir/rules5-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - alert: rows
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+      - record: rows
+        expr: sum(vm_rows)

app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules0-bad.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+groups:
+  - name: group
+    rules:
+      - alert: InvalidExpr
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows{ > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+      - alert: EmptyExpr
+        for: 5m
+        expr: ""
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+      - alert: ""
+        for: 5m
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: foo
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+

app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules0-good.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+groups:
+  - name: groupGorSingleAlert
+    rules:
+      - alert: VMRows
+        for: 10s
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+          host: "{{ $labels.instance }}"
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value|humanize }}"
+          description: "{{$labels}}"
+
+  - name: TestGroup
+    rules:
+      - alert: Conns
+        expr: sum(vm_tcplistener_conns) by(instance) > 1
+        annotations:
+          summary: "Too high connection number for {{$labels.instance}}"
+          description: "It is {{ $value }} connections for {{$labels.instance}}"
+      - alert: ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring
+        expr: sum by(job)
+          (up == 1)

app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules1-good.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+groups:
+  - name: groupTest
+    rules:
+      - alert: VMRows
+        for: 1ms
+        expr: vm_rows > 0
+        labels:
+          label: bar
+          host: "{{ $labels.instance }}"
+        annotations:
+          summary: "{{ $value }}"

app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules2-good.rules

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+groups:
+  - name: TestGroup
+    interval: 2s
+    concurrency: 2
+    rules:
+      - alert: Conns
+        expr: sum(vm_tcplistener_conns) by(instance) > 1
+        for: 3m
+        annotations:
+          summary: Too high connection number for {{$labels.instance}}
+            {{ with printf "sum(vm_tcplistener_conns{instance=%q})" .Labels.instance | query }}
+              {{ . | first | value }}
+            {{ end }}
+          description: "It is {{ $value }} connections for {{$labels.instance}}"
+      - alert: ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring
+        expr: sum by(job)
+          (up == 1)
+        labels:
+          job: '{{ $labels.job }}'
+        annotations:
+          description: Job {{ $labels.job }} is up!
+          summary: All instances up {{ range query "up" }}
+            {{ . | label "instance" }}
+            {{ end }}
+      - record: handler:requests:rate5m
+        expr: sum(rate(prometheus_http_requests_total[5m])) by (handler)
+        labels:
+          recording: true
+      - record: code:requests:rate5m
+        expr: sum(rate(promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total[5m])) by (code)
+        labels:
+          env: dev
+          recording: true
+      - record: code:requests:rate5m
+        expr: sum(rate(promhttp_metric_handler_requests_total[5m])) by (code)
+        labels:
+          env: staging
+          recording: true
+      - record: successful_requests:ratio_rate5m
+        labels:
+          recording: true
+        expr: |2
+            sum(code:requests:rate5m{code="200"})
+          /
+            sum(code:requests:rate5m)

app/vmalert/datasource/datasource.go

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+package datasource
+
+import "context"
+
+// Querier interface wraps Query method which
+// executes given query and returns list of Metrics
+// as result
+type Querier interface {
+	Query(ctx context.Context, query string) ([]Metric, error)
+}
+
+// Metric is the basic entity which should be return by datasource
+// It represents single data point with full list of labels
+type Metric struct {
+	Labels    []Label
+	Timestamp int64
+	Value     float64
+}
+
+// SetLabel adds or updates existing one label
+// by the given key and label
+func (m *Metric) SetLabel(key, value string) {
+	for i, l := range m.Labels {
+		if l.Name == key {
+			m.Labels[i].Value = value
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	m.AddLabel(key, value)
+}
+
+// AddLabel appends the given label to the label set
+func (m *Metric) AddLabel(key, value string) {
+	m.Labels = append(m.Labels, Label{Name: key, Value: value})
+}
+
+// Label returns the given label value.
+// If label is missing empty string will be returned
+func (m *Metric) Label(key string) string {
+	for _, l := range m.Labels {
+		if l.Name == key {
+			return l.Value
+		}
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// Label represents metric's label
+type Label struct {
+	Name  string
+	Value string
+}

app/vmalert/datasource/init.go

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+package datasource
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
+)
+
+var (
+	addr = flag.String("datasource.url", "", "Victoria Metrics or VMSelect url. Required parameter."+
+		" E.g. http://127.0.0.1:8428")
+	basicAuthUsername = flag.String("datasource.basicAuth.username", "", "Optional basic auth username for -datasource.url")
+	basicAuthPassword = flag.String("datasource.basicAuth.password", "", "Optional basic auth password for -datasource.url")
+
+	tlsInsecureSkipVerify = flag.Bool("datasource.tlsInsecureSkipVerify", false, "Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -datasource.url")
+	tlsCertFile           = flag.String("datasource.tlsCertFile", "", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -datasource.url")
+	tlsKeyFile            = flag.String("datasource.tlsKeyFile", "", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -datasource.url")
+	tlsCAFile             = flag.String("datasource.tlsCAFile", "", "Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -datasource.url. "+
+		"By default system CA is used")
+	tlsServerName = flag.String("datasource.tlsServerName", "", "Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -datasource.url. "+
+		"By default the server name from -datasource.url is used")
+
+	lookBack = flag.Duration("datasource.lookback", 0, "Lookback defines how far to look into past when evaluating queries. "+
+		"For example, if datasource.lookback=5m then param \"time\" with value now()-5m will be added to every query.")
+	maxIdleConnections = flag.Int("datasource.maxIdleConnections", 100, "Defines the number of idle (keep-alive connections) to configured datasource."+
+		"Consider to set this value equal to the value: groups_total * group.concurrency. Too low value may result into high number of sockets in TIME_WAIT state.")
+)
+
+// Init creates a Querier from provided flag values.
+func Init() (Querier, error) {
+	if *addr == "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("datasource.url is empty")
+	}
+	tr, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
+	}
+	tr.MaxIdleConns = *maxIdleConnections
+	c := &http.Client{Transport: tr}
+	return NewVMStorage(*addr, *basicAuthUsername, *basicAuthPassword, *lookBack, c), nil
+}

app/vmalert/datasource/vm.go

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+package datasource
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type response struct {
+	Status string `json:"status"`
+	Data   struct {
+		ResultType string `json:"resultType"`
+		Result     []struct {
+			Labels map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+			TV     [2]interface{}    `json:"value"`
+		} `json:"result"`
+	} `json:"data"`
+	ErrorType string `json:"errorType"`
+	Error     string `json:"error"`
+}
+
+func (r response) metrics() ([]Metric, error) {
+	var ms []Metric
+	var m Metric
+	var f float64
+	var err error
+	for i, res := range r.Data.Result {
+		f, err = strconv.ParseFloat(res.TV[1].(string), 64)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("metric %v, unable to parse float64 from %s: %w", res, res.TV[1], err)
+		}
+		m.Labels = nil
+		for k, v := range r.Data.Result[i].Labels {
+			m.AddLabel(k, v)
+		}
+		m.Timestamp = int64(res.TV[0].(float64))
+		m.Value = f
+		ms = append(ms, m)
+	}
+	return ms, nil
+}
+
+// VMStorage represents vmstorage entity with ability to read and write metrics
+type VMStorage struct {
+	c             *http.Client
+	queryURL      string
+	basicAuthUser string
+	basicAuthPass string
+	lookBack      time.Duration
+}
+
+const queryPath = "/api/v1/query?query="
+
+// NewVMStorage is a constructor for VMStorage
+func NewVMStorage(baseURL, basicAuthUser, basicAuthPass string, lookBack time.Duration, c *http.Client) *VMStorage {
+	return &VMStorage{
+		c:             c,
+		basicAuthUser: basicAuthUser,
+		basicAuthPass: basicAuthPass,
+		queryURL:      strings.TrimSuffix(baseURL, "/") + queryPath,
+		lookBack:      lookBack,
+	}
+}
+
+// Query reads metrics from datasource by given query
+func (s *VMStorage) Query(ctx context.Context, query string) ([]Metric, error) {
+	const (
+		statusSuccess, statusError, rtVector = "success", "error", "vector"
+	)
+	q := s.queryURL + url.QueryEscape(query)
+	if s.lookBack > 0 {
+		lookBack := time.Now().Add(-s.lookBack)
+		q += fmt.Sprintf("&time=%d", lookBack.Unix())
+	}
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", q, nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	if s.basicAuthPass != "" {
+		req.SetBasicAuth(s.basicAuthUser, s.basicAuthPass)
+	}
+	resp, err := s.c.Do(req.WithContext(ctx))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error getting response from %s: %w", req.URL, err)
+	}
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		body, _ := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("datasource returns unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %s", resp.StatusCode, req.URL, body)
+	}
+	r := &response{}
+	if err := json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(r); err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing metrics for %s: %w", req.URL, err)
+	}
+	if r.Status == statusError {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("response error, query: %s, errorType: %s, error: %s", req.URL, r.ErrorType, r.Error)
+	}
+	if r.Status != statusSuccess {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %s, Expected success or error ", r.Status)
+	}
+	if r.Data.ResultType != rtVector {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown result type:%s. Expected vector", r.Data.ResultType)
+	}
+	return r.metrics()
+}

app/vmalert/datasource/vm_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package datasource
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	ctx           = context.Background()
+	basicAuthName = "foo"
+	basicAuthPass = "bar"
+	query         = "vm_rows"
+)
+
+func TestVMSelectQuery(t *testing.T) {
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/", func(_ http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		t.Errorf("should not be called")
+	})
+	c := -1
+	mux.HandleFunc("/api/v1/query", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		c++
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			t.Errorf("expected POST method got %s", r.Method)
+		}
+		if name, pass, _ := r.BasicAuth(); name != basicAuthName || pass != basicAuthPass {
+			t.Errorf("expected %s:%s as basic auth got %s:%s", basicAuthName, basicAuthPass, name, pass)
+		}
+		if r.URL.Query().Get("query") != query {
+			t.Errorf("expected %s in query param, got %s", query, r.URL.Query().Get("query"))
+		}
+		timeParam := r.URL.Query().Get("time")
+		if timeParam == "" {
+			t.Errorf("expected 'time' in query param, got nil instead")
+		}
+		if _, err := strconv.ParseInt(timeParam, 10, 64); err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("failed to parse 'time' query param: %s", err)
+		}
+		switch c {
+		case 0:
+			conn, _, _ := w.(http.Hijacker).Hijack()
+			_ = conn.Close()
+		case 1:
+			w.WriteHeader(500)
+		case 2:
+			w.Write([]byte("[]"))
+		case 3:
+			w.Write([]byte(`{"status":"error", "errorType":"type:", "error":"some error msg"}`))
+		case 4:
+			w.Write([]byte(`{"status":"unknown"}`))
+		case 5:
+			w.Write([]byte(`{"status":"success","data":{"resultType":"matrix"}}`))
+		case 6:
+			w.Write([]byte(`{"status":"success","data":{"resultType":"vector","result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"vm_rows"},"value":[1583786142,"13763"]}]}}`))
+		}
+	})
+
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(mux)
+	defer srv.Close()
+	am := NewVMStorage(srv.URL, basicAuthName, basicAuthPass, time.Minute, srv.Client())
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected connection error got nil")
+	}
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected invalid response status error got nil")
+	}
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected response body error got nil")
+	}
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected error status got nil")
+	}
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected unknown status got nil")
+	}
+	if _, err := am.Query(ctx, query); err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected non-vector resultType error  got nil")
+	}
+	m, err := am.Query(ctx, query)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected %s", err)
+	}
+	if len(m) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected 1 metric  got %d in %+v", len(m), m)
+	}
+	expected := Metric{
+		Labels:    []Label{{Value: "vm_rows", Name: "__name__"}},
+		Timestamp: 1583786142,
+		Value:     13763,
+	}
+	if m[0].Timestamp != expected.Timestamp &&
+		m[0].Value != expected.Value &&
+		m[0].Labels[0].Value != expected.Labels[0].Value &&
+		m[0].Labels[0].Name != expected.Labels[0].Name {
+		t.Fatalf("unexpected metric %+v want %+v", m[0], expected)
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/deployment/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+ARG base_image
+FROM $base_image
+
+EXPOSE 8880
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["/vmalert-prod"]
+ARG src_binary
+COPY $src_binary ./vmalert-prod

app/vmalert/group.go

@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"hash/fnv"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+// Group is an entity for grouping rules
+type Group struct {
+	mu          sync.RWMutex
+	Name        string
+	File        string
+	Rules       []Rule
+	Interval    time.Duration
+	Concurrency int
+	Checksum    string
+
+	doneCh     chan struct{}
+	finishedCh chan struct{}
+	// channel accepts new Group obj
+	// which supposed to update current group
+	updateCh chan *Group
+
+	metrics *groupMetrics
+}
+
+type groupMetrics struct {
+	iterationTotal    *counter
+	iterationDuration *summary
+}
+
+func newGroupMetrics(name, file string) *groupMetrics {
+	m := &groupMetrics{}
+	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`group=%q, file=%q`, name, file)
+	m.iterationTotal = getOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_iteration_total{%s}`, labels))
+	m.iterationDuration = getOrCreateSummary(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_iteration_duration_seconds{%s}`, labels))
+	return m
+}
+
+func newGroup(cfg config.Group, defaultInterval time.Duration, labels map[string]string) *Group {
+	g := &Group{
+		Name:        cfg.Name,
+		File:        cfg.File,
+		Interval:    cfg.Interval,
+		Concurrency: cfg.Concurrency,
+		Checksum:    cfg.Checksum,
+		doneCh:      make(chan struct{}),
+		finishedCh:  make(chan struct{}),
+		updateCh:    make(chan *Group),
+	}
+	g.metrics = newGroupMetrics(g.Name, g.File)
+	if g.Interval == 0 {
+		g.Interval = defaultInterval
+	}
+	if g.Concurrency < 1 {
+		g.Concurrency = 1
+	}
+	rules := make([]Rule, len(cfg.Rules))
+	for i, r := range cfg.Rules {
+		// override rule labels with external labels
+		for k, v := range labels {
+			if prevV, ok := r.Labels[k]; ok {
+				logger.Infof("label %q=%q for rule %q.%q overwritten with external label %q=%q",
+					k, prevV, g.Name, r.Name(), k, v)
+			}
+			if r.Labels == nil {
+				r.Labels = map[string]string{}
+			}
+			r.Labels[k] = v
+		}
+		rules[i] = g.newRule(r)
+	}
+	g.Rules = rules
+	return g
+}
+
+func (g *Group) newRule(rule config.Rule) Rule {
+	if rule.Alert != "" {
+		return newAlertingRule(g, rule)
+	}
+	return newRecordingRule(g, rule)
+}
+
+// ID return unique group ID that consists of
+// rules file and group name
+func (g *Group) ID() uint64 {
+	hash := fnv.New64a()
+	hash.Write([]byte(g.File))
+	hash.Write([]byte("\xff"))
+	hash.Write([]byte(g.Name))
+	return hash.Sum64()
+}
+
+// Restore restores alerts state for group rules
+func (g *Group) Restore(ctx context.Context, q datasource.Querier, lookback time.Duration, labels map[string]string) error {
+	for _, rule := range g.Rules {
+		rr, ok := rule.(*AlertingRule)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if rr.For < 1 {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := rr.Restore(ctx, q, lookback, labels); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("error while restoring rule %q: %w", rule, err)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// updateWith updates existing group with
+// passed group object. This function ignores group
+// evaluation interval change. It supposed to be updated
+// in group.start function.
+// Not thread-safe.
+func (g *Group) updateWith(newGroup *Group) error {
+	rulesRegistry := make(map[uint64]Rule)
+	for _, nr := range newGroup.Rules {
+		rulesRegistry[nr.ID()] = nr
+	}
+
+	for i, or := range g.Rules {
+		nr, ok := rulesRegistry[or.ID()]
+		if !ok {
+			// old rule is not present in the new list
+			// so we mark it for removing
+			g.Rules[i].Close()
+			g.Rules[i] = nil
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := or.UpdateWith(nr); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		delete(rulesRegistry, nr.ID())
+	}
+
+	var newRules []Rule
+	for _, r := range g.Rules {
+		if r == nil {
+			// skip nil rules
+			continue
+		}
+		newRules = append(newRules, r)
+	}
+	// add the rest of rules from registry
+	for _, nr := range rulesRegistry {
+		newRules = append(newRules, nr)
+	}
+	g.Concurrency = newGroup.Concurrency
+	g.Checksum = newGroup.Checksum
+	g.Rules = newRules
+	return nil
+}
+
+var (
+	alertsFired      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_alerts_fired_total`)
+	alertsSent       = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_alerts_sent_total`)
+	alertsSendErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_alerts_send_errors_total`)
+)
+
+func (g *Group) close() {
+	if g.doneCh == nil {
+		return
+	}
+	close(g.doneCh)
+	<-g.finishedCh
+
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(g.metrics.iterationDuration.name)
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(g.metrics.iterationTotal.name)
+	for _, rule := range g.Rules {
+		rule.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+var skipRandSleepOnGroupStart bool
+
+func (g *Group) start(ctx context.Context, querier datasource.Querier, nts []notifier.Notifier, rw *remotewrite.Client) {
+	defer func() { close(g.finishedCh) }()
+
+	// Spread group rules evaluation over time in order to reduce load on VictoriaMetrics.
+	if !skipRandSleepOnGroupStart {
+		randSleep := uint64(float64(g.Interval) * (float64(uint32(g.ID())) / (1 << 32)))
+		sleepOffset := uint64(time.Now().UnixNano()) % uint64(g.Interval)
+		if randSleep < sleepOffset {
+			randSleep += uint64(g.Interval)
+		}
+		randSleep -= sleepOffset
+		sleepTimer := time.NewTimer(time.Duration(randSleep))
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			sleepTimer.Stop()
+			return
+		case <-g.doneCh:
+			sleepTimer.Stop()
+			return
+		case <-sleepTimer.C:
+		}
+	}
+
+	logger.Infof("group %q started; interval=%v; concurrency=%d", g.Name, g.Interval, g.Concurrency)
+	e := &executor{querier, nts, rw}
+	t := time.NewTicker(g.Interval)
+	defer t.Stop()
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			logger.Infof("group %q: context cancelled", g.Name)
+			return
+		case <-g.doneCh:
+			logger.Infof("group %q: received stop signal", g.Name)
+			return
+		case ng := <-g.updateCh:
+			g.mu.Lock()
+			err := g.updateWith(ng)
+			if err != nil {
+				logger.Errorf("group %q: failed to update: %s", g.Name, err)
+				g.mu.Unlock()
+				continue
+			}
+			if g.Interval != ng.Interval {
+				g.Interval = ng.Interval
+				t.Stop()
+				t = time.NewTicker(g.Interval)
+			}
+			g.mu.Unlock()
+			logger.Infof("group %q re-started; interval=%v; concurrency=%d", g.Name, g.Interval, g.Concurrency)
+		case <-t.C:
+			g.metrics.iterationTotal.Inc()
+			iterationStart := time.Now()
+
+			errs := e.execConcurrently(ctx, g.Rules, g.Concurrency, g.Interval)
+			for err := range errs {
+				if err != nil {
+					logger.Errorf("group %q: %s", g.Name, err)
+				}
+			}
+
+			g.metrics.iterationDuration.UpdateDuration(iterationStart)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+type executor struct {
+	querier   datasource.Querier
+	notifiers []notifier.Notifier
+	rw        *remotewrite.Client
+}
+
+func (e *executor) execConcurrently(ctx context.Context, rules []Rule, concurrency int, interval time.Duration) chan error {
+	res := make(chan error, len(rules))
+	var returnSeries bool
+	if e.rw != nil {
+		returnSeries = true
+	}
+
+	if concurrency == 1 {
+		// fast path
+		for _, rule := range rules {
+			res <- e.exec(ctx, rule, returnSeries, interval)
+		}
+		close(res)
+		return res
+	}
+
+	sem := make(chan struct{}, concurrency)
+	go func() {
+		wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+		for _, rule := range rules {
+			sem <- struct{}{}
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func(r Rule) {
+				res <- e.exec(ctx, r, returnSeries, interval)
+				<-sem
+				wg.Done()
+			}(rule)
+		}
+		wg.Wait()
+		close(res)
+	}()
+	return res
+}
+
+var (
+	execTotal    = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_execution_total`)
+	execErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_execution_errors_total`)
+	execDuration = metrics.NewSummary(`vmalert_execution_duration_seconds`)
+
+	remoteWriteErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_errors_total`)
+)
+
+func (e *executor) exec(ctx context.Context, rule Rule, returnSeries bool, interval time.Duration) error {
+	execTotal.Inc()
+	execStart := time.Now()
+	defer func() {
+		execDuration.UpdateDuration(execStart)
+	}()
+
+	tss, err := rule.Exec(ctx, e.querier, returnSeries)
+	if err != nil {
+		execErrors.Inc()
+		return fmt.Errorf("rule %q: failed to execute: %w", rule, err)
+	}
+
+	if len(tss) > 0 && e.rw != nil {
+		for _, ts := range tss {
+			if err := e.rw.Push(ts); err != nil {
+				remoteWriteErrors.Inc()
+				return fmt.Errorf("rule %q: remote write failure: %w", rule, err)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	ar, ok := rule.(*AlertingRule)
+	if !ok {
+		return nil
+	}
+	var alerts []notifier.Alert
+	for _, a := range ar.alerts {
+		switch a.State {
+		case notifier.StateFiring:
+			// set End to execStart + 3 intervals
+			// so notifier can resolve it automatically if `vmalert`
+			// won't be able to send resolve for some reason
+			a.End = time.Now().Add(3 * interval)
+			alerts = append(alerts, *a)
+		case notifier.StateInactive:
+			// set End to execStart to notify
+			// that it was just resolved
+			a.End = time.Now()
+			alerts = append(alerts, *a)
+		}
+	}
+	if len(alerts) < 1 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	alertsSent.Add(len(alerts))
+	errGr := new(utils.ErrGroup)
+	for _, nt := range e.notifiers {
+		if err := nt.Send(ctx, alerts); err != nil {
+			alertsSendErrors.Inc()
+			errGr.Add(fmt.Errorf("rule %q: failed to send alerts: %w", rule, err))
+		}
+	}
+	return errGr.Err()
+}

app/vmalert/group_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"sort"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	// Disable rand sleep on group start during tests in order to speed up test execution.
+	// Rand sleep is needed only in prod code.
+	skipRandSleepOnGroupStart = true
+}
+
+func TestUpdateWith(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name         string
+		currentRules []config.Rule
+		newRules     []config.Rule
+	}{
+		{
+			"new rule",
+			nil,
+			[]config.Rule{{Alert: "bar"}},
+		},
+		{
+			"update alerting rule",
+			[]config.Rule{{
+				Alert: "foo",
+				Expr:  "up > 0",
+				For:   config.NewPromDuration(time.Second),
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"bar": "baz",
+				},
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"summary":     "{{ $value|humanize }}",
+					"description": "{{$labels}}",
+				},
+			}},
+			[]config.Rule{{
+				Alert: "foo",
+				Expr:  "up > 10",
+				For:   config.NewPromDuration(time.Second),
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"baz": "bar",
+				},
+				Annotations: map[string]string{
+					"summary": "none",
+				},
+			}},
+		},
+		{
+			"update recording rule",
+			[]config.Rule{{
+				Record: "foo",
+				Expr:   "max(up)",
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"bar": "baz",
+				},
+			}},
+			[]config.Rule{{
+				Record: "foo",
+				Expr:   "min(up)",
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"baz": "bar",
+				},
+			}},
+		},
+		{
+			"empty rule",
+			[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo"}, {Record: "bar"}},
+			nil,
+		},
+		{
+			"multiple rules",
+			[]config.Rule{
+				{Alert: "bar"},
+				{Alert: "baz"},
+				{Alert: "foo"},
+			},
+			[]config.Rule{
+				{Alert: "baz"},
+				{Record: "foo"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			"replace rule",
+			[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo1"}},
+			[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo2"}},
+		},
+		{
+			"replace multiple rules",
+			[]config.Rule{
+				{Alert: "foo1"},
+				{Record: "foo2"},
+				{Alert: "foo3"},
+			},
+			[]config.Rule{
+				{Alert: "foo3"},
+				{Alert: "foo4"},
+				{Record: "foo5"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			g := &Group{Name: "test"}
+			for _, r := range tc.currentRules {
+				r.ID = config.HashRule(r)
+				g.Rules = append(g.Rules, g.newRule(r))
+			}
+
+			ng := &Group{Name: "test"}
+			for _, r := range tc.newRules {
+				r.ID = config.HashRule(r)
+				ng.Rules = append(ng.Rules, ng.newRule(r))
+			}
+
+			err := g.updateWith(ng)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+
+			if len(g.Rules) != len(tc.newRules) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected to have %d rules; got: %d",
+					len(g.Rules), len(tc.newRules))
+			}
+			sort.Slice(g.Rules, func(i, j int) bool {
+				return g.Rules[i].ID() < g.Rules[j].ID()
+			})
+			sort.Slice(ng.Rules, func(i, j int) bool {
+				return ng.Rules[i].ID() < ng.Rules[j].ID()
+			})
+			for i, r := range g.Rules {
+				got, want := r, ng.Rules[i]
+				if got.ID() != want.ID() {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have rule %q; got %q", want, got)
+				}
+				if err := compareRules(t, got, want); err != nil {
+					t.Fatalf("comparsion error: %s", err)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGroupStart(t *testing.T) {
+	// TODO: make parsing from string instead of file
+	groups, err := config.Parse([]string{"config/testdata/rules1-good.rules"}, true, true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to parse rules: %s", err)
+	}
+	const evalInterval = time.Millisecond
+	g := newGroup(groups[0], evalInterval, map[string]string{"cluster": "east-1"})
+	g.Concurrency = 2
+
+	fn := &fakeNotifier{}
+	fs := &fakeQuerier{}
+
+	const inst1, inst2, job = "foo", "bar", "baz"
+	m1 := metricWithLabels(t, "instance", inst1, "job", job)
+	m2 := metricWithLabels(t, "instance", inst2, "job", job)
+
+	r := g.Rules[0].(*AlertingRule)
+	alert1, err := r.newAlert(m1, time.Now(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("faield to create alert: %s", err)
+	}
+	alert1.State = notifier.StateFiring
+	// add external label
+	alert1.Labels["cluster"] = "east-1"
+	// add rule labels - see config/testdata/rules1-good.rules
+	alert1.Labels["label"] = "bar"
+	alert1.Labels["host"] = inst1
+	alert1.ID = hash(m1)
+
+	alert2, err := r.newAlert(m2, time.Now(), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("faield to create alert: %s", err)
+	}
+	alert2.State = notifier.StateFiring
+	// add external label
+	alert2.Labels["cluster"] = "east-1"
+	// add rule labels - see config/testdata/rules1-good.rules
+	alert2.Labels["label"] = "bar"
+	alert2.Labels["host"] = inst2
+	alert2.ID = hash(m2)
+
+	finished := make(chan struct{})
+	fs.add(m1)
+	fs.add(m2)
+	go func() {
+		g.start(context.Background(), fs, []notifier.Notifier{fn}, nil)
+		close(finished)
+	}()
+
+	// wait for multiple evals
+	time.Sleep(20 * evalInterval)
+
+	gotAlerts := fn.getAlerts()
+	expectedAlerts := []notifier.Alert{*alert1, *alert2}
+	compareAlerts(t, expectedAlerts, gotAlerts)
+
+	// reset previous data
+	fs.reset()
+	// and set only one datapoint for response
+	fs.add(m1)
+
+	// wait for multiple evals
+	time.Sleep(20 * evalInterval)
+
+	gotAlerts = fn.getAlerts()
+	expectedAlerts = []notifier.Alert{*alert1}
+	compareAlerts(t, expectedAlerts, gotAlerts)
+
+	g.close()
+	<-finished
+}

app/vmalert/helpers_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+)
+
+type fakeQuerier struct {
+	sync.Mutex
+	metrics []datasource.Metric
+	err     error
+}
+
+func (fq *fakeQuerier) setErr(err error) {
+	fq.Lock()
+	fq.err = err
+	fq.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (fq *fakeQuerier) reset() {
+	fq.Lock()
+	fq.err = nil
+	fq.metrics = fq.metrics[:0]
+	fq.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (fq *fakeQuerier) add(metrics ...datasource.Metric) {
+	fq.Lock()
+	fq.metrics = append(fq.metrics, metrics...)
+	fq.Unlock()
+}
+
+func (fq *fakeQuerier) Query(_ context.Context, _ string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) {
+	fq.Lock()
+	defer fq.Unlock()
+	if fq.err != nil {
+		return nil, fq.err
+	}
+	cp := make([]datasource.Metric, len(fq.metrics))
+	copy(cp, fq.metrics)
+	return cp, nil
+}
+
+type fakeNotifier struct {
+	sync.Mutex
+	alerts []notifier.Alert
+}
+
+func (fn *fakeNotifier) Send(_ context.Context, alerts []notifier.Alert) error {
+	fn.Lock()
+	defer fn.Unlock()
+	fn.alerts = alerts
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (fn *fakeNotifier) getAlerts() []notifier.Alert {
+	fn.Lock()
+	defer fn.Unlock()
+	return fn.alerts
+}
+
+func metricWithValueAndLabels(t *testing.T, value float64, labels ...string) datasource.Metric {
+	t.Helper()
+	m := metricWithLabels(t, labels...)
+	m.Value = value
+	return m
+}
+
+func metricWithLabels(t *testing.T, labels ...string) datasource.Metric {
+	t.Helper()
+	if len(labels) == 0 || len(labels)%2 != 0 {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get even number of labels")
+	}
+	m := datasource.Metric{}
+	for i := 0; i < len(labels); i += 2 {
+		m.Labels = append(m.Labels, datasource.Label{
+			Name:  labels[i],
+			Value: labels[i+1],
+		})
+	}
+	return m
+}
+
+func compareGroups(t *testing.T, a, b *Group) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if a.Name != b.Name {
+		t.Fatalf("expected group name %q; got %q", a.Name, b.Name)
+	}
+	if a.File != b.File {
+		t.Fatalf("expected group %q file name %q; got %q", a.Name, a.File, b.File)
+	}
+	if a.Interval != b.Interval {
+		t.Fatalf("expected group %q interval %v; got %v", a.Name, a.Interval, b.Interval)
+	}
+	if len(a.Rules) != len(b.Rules) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected group %s to have %d rules; got: %d",
+			a.Name, len(a.Rules), len(b.Rules))
+	}
+	for i, r := range a.Rules {
+		got, want := r, b.Rules[i]
+		if a.ID() != b.ID() {
+			t.Fatalf("expected to have rule %q; got %q", want.ID(), got.ID())
+		}
+		if err := compareRules(t, want, got); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("comparsion error: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func compareRules(t *testing.T, a, b Rule) error {
+	t.Helper()
+	switch v := a.(type) {
+	case *AlertingRule:
+		br, ok := b.(*AlertingRule)
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("rule %q supposed to be of type AlertingRule", b.ID())
+		}
+		return compareAlertingRules(t, v, br)
+	case *RecordingRule:
+		br, ok := b.(*RecordingRule)
+		if !ok {
+			return fmt.Errorf("rule %q supposed to be of type RecordingRule", b.ID())
+		}
+		return compareRecordingRules(t, v, br)
+	default:
+		return fmt.Errorf("unexpected rule type received %T", a)
+	}
+}
+
+func compareRecordingRules(t *testing.T, a, b *RecordingRule) error {
+	t.Helper()
+	if a.Expr != b.Expr {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have expression %q; got %q", a.Expr, b.Expr)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Labels, b.Labels) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have labels %#v; got %#v", a.Labels, b.Labels)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func compareAlertingRules(t *testing.T, a, b *AlertingRule) error {
+	t.Helper()
+	if a.Expr != b.Expr {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have expression %q; got %q", a.Expr, b.Expr)
+	}
+	if a.For != b.For {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have for %q; got %q", a.For, b.For)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Annotations, b.Annotations) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have annotations %#v; got %#v", a.Annotations, b.Annotations)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Labels, b.Labels) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected to have labels %#v; got %#v", a.Labels, b.Labels)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func compareTimeSeries(t *testing.T, a, b []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
+	t.Helper()
+	if len(a) != len(b) {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected number of timeseries %d; got %d", len(a), len(b))
+	}
+	for i := range a {
+		expTS, gotTS := a[i], b[i]
+		if len(expTS.Samples) != len(gotTS.Samples) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("expected number of samples %d; got %d", len(expTS.Samples), len(gotTS.Samples))
+		}
+		for i, exp := range expTS.Samples {
+			got := gotTS.Samples[i]
+			if got.Value != exp.Value {
+				return fmt.Errorf("expected value %.2f; got %.2f", exp.Value, got.Value)
+			}
+			// timestamp validation isn't always correct for now.
+			// this must be improved with time mock.
+			/*if got.Timestamp != exp.Timestamp {
+				return fmt.Errorf("expected timestamp %d; got %d", exp.Timestamp, got.Timestamp)
+			}*/
+		}
+		if len(expTS.Labels) != len(gotTS.Labels) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("expected number of labels %d; got %d", len(expTS.Labels), len(gotTS.Labels))
+		}
+		for i, exp := range expTS.Labels {
+			got := gotTS.Labels[i]
+			if got.Name != exp.Name {
+				return fmt.Errorf("expected label name %q; got %q", exp.Name, got.Name)
+			}
+			if got.Value != exp.Value {
+				return fmt.Errorf("expected label value %q; got %q", exp.Value, got.Value)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func compareAlerts(t *testing.T, as, bs []notifier.Alert) {
+	t.Helper()
+	if len(as) != len(bs) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to have length %d; got %d", len(as), len(bs))
+	}
+	sort.Slice(as, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return as[i].ID < as[j].ID
+	})
+	sort.Slice(bs, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return bs[i].ID < bs[j].ID
+	})
+	for i := range as {
+		a, b := as[i], bs[i]
+		if a.Name != b.Name {
+			t.Fatalf("expected t have Name %q; got %q", a.Name, b.Name)
+		}
+		if a.State != b.State {
+			t.Fatalf("expected t have State %q; got %q", a.State, b.State)
+		}
+		if a.Value != b.Value {
+			t.Fatalf("expected t have Value %f; got %f", a.Value, b.Value)
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Annotations, b.Annotations) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected to have annotations %#v; got %#v", a.Annotations, b.Annotations)
+		}
+		if !reflect.DeepEqual(a.Labels, b.Labels) {
+			t.Fatalf("expected to have labels %#v; got %#v", a.Labels, b.Labels)
+		}
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/main.go

@@ -0,0 +1,224 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/remoteread"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/buildinfo"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envflag"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fasttime"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+var (
+	rulePath = flagutil.NewArray("rule", `Path to the file with alert rules. 
+Supports patterns. Flag can be specified multiple times. 
+Examples:
+ -rule="/path/to/file". Path to a single file with alerting rules
+ -rule="dir/*.yaml" -rule="/*.yaml". Relative path to all .yaml files in "dir" folder, 
+absolute path to all .yaml files in root.
+Rule files may contain %{ENV_VAR} placeholders, which are substituted by the corresponding env vars.`)
+
+	httpListenAddr     = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8880", "Address to listen for http connections")
+	evaluationInterval = flag.Duration("evaluationInterval", time.Minute, "How often to evaluate the rules")
+
+	validateTemplates   = flag.Bool("rule.validateTemplates", true, "Whether to validate annotation and label templates")
+	validateExpressions = flag.Bool("rule.validateExpressions", true, "Whether to validate rules expressions via MetricsQL engine")
+	externalURL         = flag.String("external.url", "", "External URL is used as alert's source for sent alerts to the notifier")
+	externalAlertSource = flag.String("external.alert.source", "", `External Alert Source allows to override the Source link for alerts sent to AlertManager for cases where you want to build a custom link to Grafana, Prometheus or any other service.
+eg. 'explore?orgId=1&left=[\"now-1h\",\"now\",\"VictoriaMetrics\",{\"expr\": \"{{$expr|quotesEscape|pathEscape}}\"},{\"mode\":\"Metrics\"},{\"ui\":[true,true,true,\"none\"]}]'.If empty '/api/v1/:groupID/alertID/status' is used`)
+	externalLabels = flagutil.NewArray("external.label", "Optional label in the form 'name=value' to add to all generated recording rules and alerts. "+
+		"Pass multiple -label flags in order to add multiple label sets.")
+
+	remoteReadLookBack = flag.Duration("remoteRead.lookback", time.Hour, "Lookback defines how far to look into past for alerts timeseries."+
+		" For example, if lookback=1h then range from now() to now()-1h will be scanned.")
+
+	dryRun = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check only config files without running vmalert. The rules file are validated. The `-rule` flag must be specified.")
+)
+
+func main() {
+	// Write flags and help message to stdout, since it is easier to grep or pipe.
+	flag.CommandLine.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
+	flag.Usage = usage
+	envflag.Parse()
+	buildinfo.Init()
+	logger.Init()
+
+	if *dryRun {
+		u, _ := url.Parse("https://victoriametrics.com/")
+		notifier.InitTemplateFunc(u)
+		groups, err := config.Parse(*rulePath, true, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf(err.Error())
+		}
+		if len(groups) == 0 {
+			logger.Fatalf("No rules for validation. Please specify path to file(s) with alerting and/or recording rules using `-rule` flag")
+		}
+		return
+	}
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
+	manager, err := newManager(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Fatalf("failed to init: %s", err)
+	}
+	if err := manager.start(ctx, *rulePath, *validateTemplates, *validateExpressions); err != nil {
+		logger.Fatalf("failed to start: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	go func() {
+		// init reload metrics with positive values to improve alerting conditions
+		configSuccess.Set(1)
+		configTimestamp.Set(fasttime.UnixTimestamp())
+		sigHup := procutil.NewSighupChan()
+		for {
+			<-sigHup
+			configReloads.Inc()
+			logger.Infof("SIGHUP received. Going to reload rules %q ...", *rulePath)
+			if err := manager.update(ctx, *rulePath, *validateTemplates, *validateExpressions, false); err != nil {
+				configReloadErrors.Inc()
+				configSuccess.Set(0)
+				logger.Errorf("error while reloading rules: %s", err)
+				continue
+			}
+			configSuccess.Set(1)
+			configTimestamp.Set(fasttime.UnixTimestamp())
+			logger.Infof("Rules reloaded successfully from %q", *rulePath)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	rh := &requestHandler{m: manager}
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, rh.handler)
+
+	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
+	logger.Infof("service received signal %s", sig)
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
+		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
+	}
+	cancel()
+	manager.close()
+}
+
+var (
+	configReloads      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_total`)
+	configReloadErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_errors_total`)
+	configSuccess      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_successful`)
+	configTimestamp    = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds`)
+)
+
+func newManager(ctx context.Context) (*manager, error) {
+	q, err := datasource.Init()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init datasource: %w", err)
+	}
+	eu, err := getExternalURL(*externalURL, *httpListenAddr, httpserver.IsTLS())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init `external.url`: %w", err)
+	}
+	notifier.InitTemplateFunc(eu)
+	aug, err := getAlertURLGenerator(eu, *externalAlertSource, *validateTemplates)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init `external.alert.source`: %w", err)
+	}
+	nts, err := notifier.Init(aug)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init notifier: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	manager := &manager{
+		groups:    make(map[uint64]*Group),
+		querier:   q,
+		notifiers: nts,
+		labels:    map[string]string{},
+	}
+	rw, err := remotewrite.Init(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init remoteWrite: %w", err)
+	}
+	manager.rw = rw
+
+	rr, err := remoteread.Init()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init remoteRead: %w", err)
+	}
+	manager.rr = rr
+
+	for _, s := range *externalLabels {
+		if len(s) == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		n := strings.IndexByte(s, '=')
+		if n < 0 {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("missing '=' in `-label`. It must contain label in the form `name=value`; got %q", s)
+		}
+		manager.labels[s[:n]] = s[n+1:]
+	}
+	return manager, nil
+}
+
+func getExternalURL(externalURL, httpListenAddr string, isSecure bool) (*url.URL, error) {
+	if externalURL != "" {
+		return url.Parse(externalURL)
+	}
+	hname, err := os.Hostname()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	port := ""
+	if ipport := strings.Split(httpListenAddr, ":"); len(ipport) > 1 {
+		port = ":" + ipport[1]
+	}
+	schema := "http://"
+	if isSecure {
+		schema = "https://"
+	}
+	return url.Parse(fmt.Sprintf("%s%s%s", schema, hname, port))
+}
+
+func getAlertURLGenerator(externalURL *url.URL, externalAlertSource string, validateTemplate bool) (notifier.AlertURLGenerator, error) {
+	if externalAlertSource == "" {
+		return func(alert notifier.Alert) string {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%s/api/v1/%s/%s/status", externalURL, strconv.FormatUint(alert.GroupID, 10), strconv.FormatUint(alert.ID, 10))
+		}, nil
+	}
+	if validateTemplate {
+		if err := notifier.ValidateTemplates(map[string]string{
+			"tpl": externalAlertSource,
+		}); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("error validating source template %s: %w", externalAlertSource, err)
+		}
+	}
+	m := map[string]string{
+		"tpl": externalAlertSource,
+	}
+	return func(alert notifier.Alert) string {
+		templated, err := alert.ExecTemplate(nil, m)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Errorf("can not exec source template %s", err)
+		}
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s/%s", externalURL, templated["tpl"])
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func usage() {
+	const s = `
+vmalert processes alerts and recording rules.
+
+See the docs at https://victoriametrics.github.io/vmalert.html .
+`
+	flagutil.Usage(s)
+}

app/vmalert/main_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+)
+
+func TestGetExternalURL(t *testing.T) {
+	expURL := "https://vicotriametrics.com/path"
+	u, err := getExternalURL(expURL, "", false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if u.String() != expURL {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", expURL, u.String())
+	}
+	h, _ := os.Hostname()
+	expURL = fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:4242", h)
+	u, err = getExternalURL("", "0.0.0.0:4242", true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if u.String() != expURL {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", expURL, u.String())
+	}
+}
+
+func TestGetAlertURLGenerator(t *testing.T) {
+	testAlert := notifier.Alert{GroupID: 42, ID: 2, Value: 4}
+	u, _ := url.Parse("https://victoriametrics.com/path")
+	fn, err := getAlertURLGenerator(u, "", false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if exp := "https://victoriametrics.com/path/api/v1/42/2/status"; exp != fn(testAlert) {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", exp, fn(testAlert))
+	}
+	_, err = getAlertURLGenerator(nil, "foo?{{invalid}}", true)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Errorf("expected tempalte validation error got nil")
+	}
+	fn, err = getAlertURLGenerator(u, "foo?query={{$value}}", true)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if exp := "https://victoriametrics.com/path/foo?query=4"; exp != fn(testAlert) {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", exp, fn(testAlert))
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/manager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,158 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/remotewrite"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
+)
+
+// manager controls group states
+type manager struct {
+	querier   datasource.Querier
+	notifiers []notifier.Notifier
+
+	rw *remotewrite.Client
+	rr datasource.Querier
+
+	wg     sync.WaitGroup
+	labels map[string]string
+
+	groupsMu sync.RWMutex
+	groups   map[uint64]*Group
+}
+
+// AlertAPI generates APIAlert object from alert by its ID(hash)
+func (m *manager) AlertAPI(gID, aID uint64) (*APIAlert, error) {
+	m.groupsMu.RLock()
+	defer m.groupsMu.RUnlock()
+
+	g, ok := m.groups[gID]
+	if !ok {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't find group with id %q", gID)
+	}
+	for _, rule := range g.Rules {
+		ar, ok := rule.(*AlertingRule)
+		if !ok {
+			continue
+		}
+		if apiAlert := ar.AlertAPI(aID); apiAlert != nil {
+			return apiAlert, nil
+		}
+	}
+	return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't find alert with id %q in group %q", aID, g.Name)
+}
+
+func (m *manager) start(ctx context.Context, path []string, validateTpl, validateExpr bool) error {
+	return m.update(ctx, path, validateTpl, validateExpr, true)
+}
+
+func (m *manager) close() {
+	if m.rw != nil {
+		err := m.rw.Close()
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the remotewrite: %s", err)
+		}
+	}
+	m.wg.Wait()
+}
+
+func (m *manager) startGroup(ctx context.Context, group *Group, restore bool) {
+	if restore && m.rr != nil {
+		err := group.Restore(ctx, m.rr, *remoteReadLookBack, m.labels)
+		if err != nil {
+			logger.Errorf("error while restoring state for group %q: %s", group.Name, err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	m.wg.Add(1)
+	id := group.ID()
+	go func() {
+		group.start(ctx, m.querier, m.notifiers, m.rw)
+		m.wg.Done()
+	}()
+	m.groups[id] = group
+}
+
+func (m *manager) update(ctx context.Context, path []string, validateTpl, validateExpr, restore bool) error {
+	logger.Infof("reading rules configuration file from %q", strings.Join(path, ";"))
+	groupsCfg, err := config.Parse(path, validateTpl, validateExpr)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("cannot parse configuration file: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	groupsRegistry := make(map[uint64]*Group)
+	for _, cfg := range groupsCfg {
+		ng := newGroup(cfg, *evaluationInterval, m.labels)
+		groupsRegistry[ng.ID()] = ng
+	}
+
+	type updateItem struct {
+		old *Group
+		new *Group
+	}
+	var toUpdate []updateItem
+
+	m.groupsMu.Lock()
+	for _, og := range m.groups {
+		ng, ok := groupsRegistry[og.ID()]
+		if !ok {
+			// old group is not present in new list,
+			// so must be stopped and deleted
+			og.close()
+			delete(m.groups, og.ID())
+			og = nil
+			continue
+		}
+		delete(groupsRegistry, ng.ID())
+		if og.Checksum != ng.Checksum {
+			toUpdate = append(toUpdate, updateItem{old: og, new: ng})
+		}
+	}
+	for _, ng := range groupsRegistry {
+		m.startGroup(ctx, ng, restore)
+	}
+	m.groupsMu.Unlock()
+
+	if len(toUpdate) > 0 {
+		var wg sync.WaitGroup
+		for _, item := range toUpdate {
+			wg.Add(1)
+			go func(old *Group, new *Group) {
+				old.updateCh <- new
+				wg.Done()
+			}(item.old, item.new)
+		}
+		wg.Wait()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (g *Group) toAPI() APIGroup {
+	g.mu.RLock()
+	defer g.mu.RUnlock()
+
+	ag := APIGroup{
+		// encode as string to avoid rounding
+		ID:          fmt.Sprintf("%d", g.ID()),
+		Name:        g.Name,
+		File:        g.File,
+		Interval:    g.Interval.String(),
+		Concurrency: g.Concurrency,
+	}
+	for _, r := range g.Rules {
+		switch v := r.(type) {
+		case *AlertingRule:
+			ag.AlertingRules = append(ag.AlertingRules, v.RuleAPI())
+		case *RecordingRule:
+			ag.RecordingRules = append(ag.RecordingRules, v.RuleAPI())
+		}
+	}
+	return ag
+}

app/vmalert/manager_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"math/rand"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
+)
+
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	u, _ := url.Parse("https://victoriametrics.com/path")
+	notifier.InitTemplateFunc(u)
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
+}
+
+// TestManagerEmptyRulesDir tests
+// successful cases of
+// starting with empty rules folder
+func TestManagerEmptyRulesDir(t *testing.T) {
+	m := &manager{groups: make(map[uint64]*Group)}
+	path := []string{"foo/bar"}
+	err := m.update(context.Background(), path, true, true, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to load succesfully with empty rules dir; got err instead: %v", err)
+	}
+}
+
+// TestManagerUpdateConcurrent supposed to test concurrent
+// execution of configuration update.
+// Should be executed with -race flag
+func TestManagerUpdateConcurrent(t *testing.T) {
+	m := &manager{
+		groups:    make(map[uint64]*Group),
+		querier:   &fakeQuerier{},
+		notifiers: []notifier.Notifier{&fakeNotifier{}},
+	}
+	paths := []string{
+		"config/testdata/dir/rules0-good.rules",
+		"config/testdata/dir/rules0-bad.rules",
+		"config/testdata/dir/rules1-good.rules",
+		"config/testdata/dir/rules1-bad.rules",
+		"config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+		"config/testdata/rules1-good.rules",
+		"config/testdata/rules2-good.rules",
+	}
+	*evaluationInterval = time.Millisecond
+	if err := m.start(context.Background(), []string{paths[0]}, true, true); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("failed to start: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	const workers = 500
+	const iterations = 10
+	wg := sync.WaitGroup{}
+	wg.Add(workers)
+	for i := 0; i < workers; i++ {
+		go func() {
+			defer wg.Done()
+			for i := 0; i < iterations; i++ {
+				rnd := rand.Intn(len(paths))
+				path := []string{paths[rnd]}
+				_ = m.update(context.Background(), path, true, true, false)
+			}
+		}()
+	}
+	wg.Wait()
+}
+
+// TestManagerUpdate tests sequential configuration
+// updates.
+func TestManagerUpdate(t *testing.T) {
+	const defaultEvalInterval = time.Second * 30
+	currentEvalInterval := *evaluationInterval
+	*evaluationInterval = defaultEvalInterval
+	defer func() {
+		*evaluationInterval = currentEvalInterval
+	}()
+
+	var (
+		VMRows = &AlertingRule{
+			Name: "VMRows",
+			Expr: "vm_rows > 0",
+			For:  10 * time.Second,
+			Labels: map[string]string{
+				"label": "bar",
+				"host":  "{{ $labels.instance }}",
+			},
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"summary":     "{{ $value|humanize }}",
+				"description": "{{$labels}}",
+			},
+		}
+		Conns = &AlertingRule{
+			Name: "Conns",
+			Expr: "sum(vm_tcplistener_conns) by(instance) > 1",
+			Annotations: map[string]string{
+				"summary":     "Too high connection number for {{$labels.instance}}",
+				"description": "It is {{ $value }} connections for {{$labels.instance}}",
+			},
+		}
+		ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring = &AlertingRule{
+			Name: "ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring",
+			Expr: "sum by(job) (up == 1)",
+		}
+	)
+
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name       string
+		initPath   string
+		updatePath string
+		want       []*Group
+	}{
+		{
+			name:       "update good rules",
+			initPath:   "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+			updatePath: "config/testdata/dir/rules1-good.rules",
+			want: []*Group{
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/dir/rules1-good.rules",
+					Name:     "duplicatedGroupDiffFiles",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Rules: []Rule{
+						&AlertingRule{
+							Name:   "VMRows",
+							Expr:   "vm_rows > 0",
+							For:    5 * time.Minute,
+							Labels: map[string]string{"label": "bar"},
+							Annotations: map[string]string{
+								"summary":     "{{ $value }}",
+								"description": "{{$labels}}",
+							},
+						},
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "update good rules from 1 to 2 groups",
+			initPath:   "config/testdata/dir/rules1-good.rules",
+			updatePath: "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+			want: []*Group{
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Name:     "groupGorSingleAlert",
+					Rules:    []Rule{VMRows},
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+				},
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Name:     "TestGroup", Rules: []Rule{
+						Conns,
+						ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring,
+					}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "update with one bad rule file",
+			initPath:   "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+			updatePath: "config/testdata/dir/rules2-bad.rules",
+			want: []*Group{
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Name:     "groupGorSingleAlert",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Rules:    []Rule{VMRows},
+				},
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Name:     "TestGroup", Rules: []Rule{
+						Conns,
+						ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring,
+					}},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:       "update empty dir rules from 0 to 2 groups",
+			initPath:   "config/testdata/empty/*",
+			updatePath: "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+			want: []*Group{
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Name:     "groupGorSingleAlert",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Rules:    []Rule{VMRows},
+				},
+				{
+					File:     "config/testdata/rules0-good.rules",
+					Interval: defaultEvalInterval,
+					Name:     "TestGroup", Rules: []Rule{
+						Conns,
+						ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring,
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.TODO())
+			m := &manager{groups: make(map[uint64]*Group), querier: &fakeQuerier{}}
+			path := []string{tc.initPath}
+			if err := m.update(ctx, path, true, true, false); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("failed to complete initial rules update: %s", err)
+			}
+
+			path = []string{tc.updatePath}
+			_ = m.update(ctx, path, true, true, false)
+			if len(tc.want) != len(m.groups) {
+				t.Fatalf("\nwant number of groups: %d;\ngot: %d ", len(tc.want), len(m.groups))
+			}
+
+			for _, wantG := range tc.want {
+				gotG, ok := m.groups[wantG.ID()]
+				if !ok {
+					t.Fatalf("expected to have group %q", wantG.Name)
+				}
+				compareGroups(t, wantG, gotG)
+			}
+
+			cancel()
+			m.close()
+		})
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/metrics.go

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+package main
+
+import "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+
+type gauge struct {
+	name string
+	*metrics.Gauge
+}
+
+func getOrCreateGauge(name string, f func() float64) *gauge {
+	return &gauge{
+		name:  name,
+		Gauge: metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(name, f),
+	}
+}
+
+type counter struct {
+	name string
+	*metrics.Counter
+}
+
+func getOrCreateCounter(name string) *counter {
+	return &counter{
+		name:    name,
+		Counter: metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(name),
+	}
+}
+
+type summary struct {
+	name string
+	*metrics.Summary
+}
+
+func getOrCreateSummary(name string) *summary {
+	return &summary{
+		name:    name,
+		Summary: metrics.GetOrCreateSummary(name),
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/alert.go

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+	"text/template"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
+)
+
+// Alert the triggered alert
+// TODO: Looks like alert name isn't unique
+type Alert struct {
+	GroupID     uint64
+	Name        string
+	Labels      map[string]string
+	Annotations map[string]string
+	State       AlertState
+
+	Expr  string
+	Start time.Time
+	End   time.Time
+	Value float64
+	ID    uint64
+}
+
+// AlertState type indicates the Alert state
+type AlertState int
+
+const (
+	// StateInactive is the state of an alert that is neither firing nor pending.
+	StateInactive AlertState = iota
+	// StatePending is the state of an alert that has been active for less than
+	// the configured threshold duration.
+	StatePending
+	// StateFiring is the state of an alert that has been active for longer than
+	// the configured threshold duration.
+	StateFiring
+)
+
+// String stringer for AlertState
+func (as AlertState) String() string {
+	switch as {
+	case StateFiring:
+		return "firing"
+	case StatePending:
+		return "pending"
+	}
+	return "inactive"
+}
+
+// AlertTplData is used to execute templating
+type AlertTplData struct {
+	Labels map[string]string
+	Value  float64
+	Expr   string
+}
+
+const tplHeader = `{{ $value := .Value }}{{ $labels := .Labels }}{{ $expr := .Expr }}`
+
+// ExecTemplate executes the Alert template for given
+// map of annotations.
+// Every alert could have a different datasource, so function
+// requires a queryFunction as an argument.
+func (a *Alert) ExecTemplate(q QueryFn, annotations map[string]string) (map[string]string, error) {
+	tplData := AlertTplData{Value: a.Value, Labels: a.Labels, Expr: a.Expr}
+	return templateAnnotations(annotations, tplData, funcsWithQuery(q))
+}
+
+// ExecTemplate executes the given template for given annotations map.
+func ExecTemplate(q QueryFn, annotations map[string]string, tpl AlertTplData) (map[string]string, error) {
+	return templateAnnotations(annotations, tpl, funcsWithQuery(q))
+}
+
+// ValidateTemplates validate annotations for possible template error, uses empty data for template population
+func ValidateTemplates(annotations map[string]string) error {
+	_, err := templateAnnotations(annotations, AlertTplData{
+		Labels: map[string]string{},
+		Value:  0,
+	}, tmplFunc)
+	return err
+}
+
+func templateAnnotations(annotations map[string]string, data AlertTplData, funcs template.FuncMap) (map[string]string, error) {
+	var builder strings.Builder
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	eg := new(utils.ErrGroup)
+	r := make(map[string]string, len(annotations))
+	for key, text := range annotations {
+		r[key] = text
+		buf.Reset()
+		builder.Reset()
+		builder.Grow(len(tplHeader) + len(text))
+		builder.WriteString(tplHeader)
+		builder.WriteString(text)
+		if err := templateAnnotation(&buf, builder.String(), data, funcs); err != nil {
+			eg.Add(fmt.Errorf("key %q, template %q: %w", key, text, err))
+			continue
+		}
+		r[key] = buf.String()
+	}
+	return r, eg.Err()
+}
+
+func templateAnnotation(dst io.Writer, text string, data AlertTplData, funcs template.FuncMap) error {
+	t := template.New("").Funcs(funcs).Option("missingkey=zero")
+	tpl, err := t.Parse(text)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error parsing annotation: %w", err)
+	}
+	if err = tpl.Execute(dst, data); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("error evaluating annotation template: %w", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/alert_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+)
+
+func TestAlert_ExecTemplate(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		name        string
+		alert       *Alert
+		annotations map[string]string
+		expTpl      map[string]string
+	}{
+		{
+			name:        "empty-alert",
+			alert:       &Alert{},
+			annotations: map[string]string{},
+			expTpl:      map[string]string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "no-template",
+			alert: &Alert{
+				Value: 1e4,
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"instance": "localhost",
+				},
+			},
+			annotations: map[string]string{},
+			expTpl:      map[string]string{},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "label-template",
+			alert: &Alert{
+				Value: 1e4,
+				Labels: map[string]string{
+					"job":      "staging",
+					"instance": "localhost",
+				},
+			},
+			annotations: map[string]string{
+				"summary":     "Too high connection number for {{$labels.instance}} for job {{$labels.job}}",
+				"description": "It is {{ $value }} connections for {{$labels.instance}}",
+			},
+			expTpl: map[string]string{
+				"summary":     "Too high connection number for localhost for job staging",
+				"description": "It is 10000 connections for localhost",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name: "expression-template",
+			alert: &Alert{
+				Expr: `vm_rows{"label"="bar"}>0`,
+			},
+			annotations: map[string]string{
+				"exprEscapedQuery": "{{ $expr|quotesEscape|queryEscape }}",
+				"exprEscapedPath":  "{{ $expr|quotesEscape|pathEscape }}",
+			},
+			expTpl: map[string]string{
+				"exprEscapedQuery": "vm_rows%7B%5C%22label%5C%22%3D%5C%22bar%5C%22%7D%3E0",
+				"exprEscapedPath":  "vm_rows%7B%5C%22label%5C%22=%5C%22bar%5C%22%7D%3E0",
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:  "query",
+			alert: &Alert{Expr: `vm_rows{"label"="bar"}>0`},
+			annotations: map[string]string{
+				"summary": `{{ query "foo" | first | value }}`,
+				"desc":    `{{ range query "bar" }}{{ . | label "foo" }} {{ . | value }};{{ end }}`,
+			},
+			expTpl: map[string]string{
+				"summary": "1",
+				"desc":    "bar 1;garply 2;",
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	qFn := func(q string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) {
+		return []datasource.Metric{
+			{
+				Labels: []datasource.Label{
+					{Name: "foo", Value: "bar"},
+					{Name: "baz", Value: "qux"},
+				},
+				Value: 1,
+			},
+			{
+				Labels: []datasource.Label{
+					{Name: "foo", Value: "garply"},
+					{Name: "baz", Value: "fred"},
+				},
+				Value: 2,
+			},
+		}, nil
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			tpl, err := tc.alert.ExecTemplate(qFn, tc.annotations)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatal(err)
+			}
+			if len(tpl) != len(tc.expTpl) {
+				t.Fatalf("expected %d elements; got %d", len(tc.expTpl), len(tpl))
+			}
+			for k := range tc.expTpl {
+				got, exp := tpl[k], tc.expTpl[k]
+				if got != exp {
+					t.Fatalf("expected %q=%q; got %q=%q", k, exp, k, got)
+				}
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager.go

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// AlertManager represents integration provider with Prometheus alert manager
+// https://github.com/prometheus/alertmanager
+type AlertManager struct {
+	alertURL      string
+	basicAuthUser string
+	basicAuthPass string
+	argFunc       AlertURLGenerator
+	client        *http.Client
+}
+
+// Send an alert or resolve message
+func (am *AlertManager) Send(ctx context.Context, alerts []Alert) error {
+	b := &bytes.Buffer{}
+	writeamRequest(b, alerts, am.argFunc)
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", am.alertURL, b)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	req.Header.Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+	req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+	if am.basicAuthPass != "" {
+		req.SetBasicAuth(am.basicAuthUser, am.basicAuthPass)
+	}
+	resp, err := am.client.Do(req)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	defer func() { _ = resp.Body.Close() }()
+
+	if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusOK {
+		body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to read response from %q: %w", am.alertURL, err)
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid SC %d from %q; response body: %s", resp.StatusCode, am.alertURL, string(body))
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// AlertURLGenerator returns URL to single alert by given name
+type AlertURLGenerator func(Alert) string
+
+const alertManagerPath = "/api/v2/alerts"
+
+// NewAlertManager is a constructor for AlertManager
+func NewAlertManager(alertManagerURL, user, pass string, fn AlertURLGenerator, c *http.Client) *AlertManager {
+	addr := strings.TrimSuffix(alertManagerURL, "/") + alertManagerPath
+	return &AlertManager{
+		alertURL:      addr,
+		argFunc:       fn,
+		client:        c,
+		basicAuthUser: user,
+		basicAuthPass: pass,
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+{% import (
+    "time"
+) %}
+{% stripspace %}
+
+{% func amRequest(alerts []Alert, generatorURL func(Alert) string) %}
+[
+{% for i, alert := range alerts %}
+{
+    "startsAt":{%q= alert.Start.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) %},
+    "generatorURL": {%q= generatorURL(alert) %},
+    {% if !alert.End.IsZero() %}
+    "endsAt":{%q= alert.End.Format(time.RFC3339Nano) %},
+    {% endif %}
+    "labels": {
+        "alertname":{%q= alert.Name %}
+        {% for k,v := range alert.Labels %}
+            ,{%q= k %}:{%q= v %}
+        {% endfor %}
+    },
+    "annotations": {
+        {% code c := len(alert.Annotations) %}
+        {% for k,v := range alert.Annotations %}
+          {% code c = c-1 %}
+          {%q= k %}:{%q= v %}{% if c > 0 %},{% endif %}
+        {% endfor %}
+    }
+}
+{% if i != len(alerts)-1 %},{% endif %}
+{% endfor %}
+]
+{% endfunc %}
+{% endstripspace %}

app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl.go

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+// Code generated by qtc from "alertmanager_request.qtpl". DO NOT EDIT.
+// See https://github.com/valyala/quicktemplate for details.
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:1
+package notifier
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:1
+import (
+	"time"
+)
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:6
+import (
+	qtio422016 "io"
+
+	qt422016 "github.com/valyala/quicktemplate"
+)
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:6
+var (
+	_ = qtio422016.Copy
+	_ = qt422016.AcquireByteBuffer
+)
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:6
+func streamamRequest(qw422016 *qt422016.Writer, alerts []Alert, generatorURL func(Alert) string) {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:6
+	qw422016.N().S(`[`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:8
+	for i, alert := range alerts {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:8
+		qw422016.N().S(`{"startsAt":`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:10
+		qw422016.N().Q(alert.Start.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:10
+		qw422016.N().S(`,"generatorURL":`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:11
+		qw422016.N().Q(generatorURL(alert))
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:11
+		qw422016.N().S(`,`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:12
+		if !alert.End.IsZero() {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:12
+			qw422016.N().S(`"endsAt":`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:13
+			qw422016.N().Q(alert.End.Format(time.RFC3339Nano))
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:13
+			qw422016.N().S(`,`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:14
+		}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:14
+		qw422016.N().S(`"labels": {"alertname":`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:16
+		qw422016.N().Q(alert.Name)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:17
+		for k, v := range alert.Labels {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:17
+			qw422016.N().S(`,`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:18
+			qw422016.N().Q(k)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:18
+			qw422016.N().S(`:`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:18
+			qw422016.N().Q(v)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:19
+		}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:19
+		qw422016.N().S(`},"annotations": {`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:22
+		c := len(alert.Annotations)
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:23
+		for k, v := range alert.Annotations {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:24
+			c = c - 1
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+			qw422016.N().Q(k)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+			qw422016.N().S(`:`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+			qw422016.N().Q(v)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+			if c > 0 {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+				qw422016.N().S(`,`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:25
+			}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:26
+		}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:26
+		qw422016.N().S(`}}`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:29
+		if i != len(alerts)-1 {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:29
+			qw422016.N().S(`,`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:29
+		}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:30
+	}
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:30
+	qw422016.N().S(`]`)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+}
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+func writeamRequest(qq422016 qtio422016.Writer, alerts []Alert, generatorURL func(Alert) string) {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	qw422016 := qt422016.AcquireWriter(qq422016)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	streamamRequest(qw422016, alerts, generatorURL)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	qt422016.ReleaseWriter(qw422016)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+}
+
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+func amRequest(alerts []Alert, generatorURL func(Alert) string) string {
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	qb422016 := qt422016.AcquireByteBuffer()
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	writeamRequest(qb422016, alerts, generatorURL)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	qs422016 := string(qb422016.B)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	qt422016.ReleaseByteBuffer(qb422016)
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+	return qs422016
+//line app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_request.qtpl:32
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+)
+
+func TestAlertManager_Send(t *testing.T) {
+	const baUser, baPass = "foo", "bar"
+	mux := http.NewServeMux()
+	mux.HandleFunc("/", func(_ http.ResponseWriter, _ *http.Request) {
+		t.Errorf("should not be called")
+	})
+	c := -1
+	mux.HandleFunc(alertManagerPath, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		user, pass, ok := r.BasicAuth()
+		if !ok {
+			t.Errorf("unauthorized request")
+		}
+		if user != baUser || pass != baPass {
+			t.Errorf("wrong creds %q:%q; expected %q:%q",
+				user, pass, baUser, baPass)
+		}
+		c++
+		if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
+			t.Errorf("expected POST method got %s", r.Method)
+		}
+		switch c {
+		case 0:
+			conn, _, _ := w.(http.Hijacker).Hijack()
+			_ = conn.Close()
+		case 1:
+			w.WriteHeader(500)
+		case 2:
+			var a []struct {
+				Labels       map[string]string `json:"labels"`
+				StartsAt     time.Time         `json:"startsAt"`
+				EndAt        time.Time         `json:"endsAt"`
+				Annotations  map[string]string `json:"annotations"`
+				GeneratorURL string            `json:"generatorURL"`
+			}
+			if err := json.NewDecoder(r.Body).Decode(&a); err != nil {
+				t.Errorf("can not unmarshal data into alert %s", err)
+				t.FailNow()
+			}
+			if len(a) != 1 {
+				t.Errorf("expected 1 alert in array got %d", len(a))
+			}
+			if a[0].GeneratorURL != "0/0" {
+				t.Errorf("expected 0/0 as generatorURL got %s", a[0].GeneratorURL)
+			}
+			if a[0].Labels["alertname"] != "alert0" {
+				t.Errorf("expected alert0 as alert name got %s", a[0].Labels["alertname"])
+			}
+			if a[0].StartsAt.IsZero() {
+				t.Errorf("expected non-zero start time")
+			}
+			if a[0].EndAt.IsZero() {
+				t.Errorf("expected non-zero end time")
+			}
+		}
+	})
+	srv := httptest.NewServer(mux)
+	defer srv.Close()
+	am := NewAlertManager(srv.URL, baUser, baPass, func(alert Alert) string {
+		return strconv.FormatUint(alert.GroupID, 10) + "/" + strconv.FormatUint(alert.ID, 10)
+	}, srv.Client())
+	if err := am.Send(context.Background(), []Alert{{}, {}}); err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected connection error got nil")
+	}
+	if err := am.Send(context.Background(), []Alert{}); err == nil {
+		t.Error("expected wrong http code error got nil")
+	}
+	if err := am.Send(context.Background(), []Alert{{
+		GroupID:     0,
+		Name:        "alert0",
+		Start:       time.Now().UTC(),
+		End:         time.Now().UTC(),
+		Annotations: map[string]string{"a": "b", "c": "d", "e": "f"},
+	}}); err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
+	}
+	if c != 2 {
+		t.Errorf("expected 2 calls(count from zero) to server got %d", c)
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/init.go

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
+)
+
+var (
+	addrs             = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.url", "Prometheus alertmanager URL. Required parameter. e.g. http://127.0.0.1:9093")
+	basicAuthUsername = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.basicAuth.username", "Optional basic auth username for -datasource.url")
+	basicAuthPassword = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.basicAuth.password", "Optional basic auth password for -datasource.url")
+
+	tlsInsecureSkipVerify = flag.Bool("notifier.tlsInsecureSkipVerify", false, "Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -notifier.url")
+	tlsCertFile           = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.tlsCertFile", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting to -notifier.url")
+	tlsKeyFile            = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.tlsKeyFile", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate key to use when connecting to -notifier.url")
+	tlsCAFile             = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.tlsCAFile", "Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -notifier.url. "+
+		"By default system CA is used")
+	tlsServerName = flagutil.NewArray("notifier.tlsServerName", "Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -notifier.url. "+
+		"By default the server name from -notifier.url is used")
+)
+
+// Init creates a Notifier object based on provided flags.
+func Init(gen AlertURLGenerator) ([]Notifier, error) {
+	if len(*addrs) == 0 {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("at least one `-notifier.url` must be set")
+	}
+
+	var notifiers []Notifier
+	for i, addr := range *addrs {
+		cert, key := tlsCertFile.GetOptionalArg(i), tlsKeyFile.GetOptionalArg(i)
+		ca, serverName := tlsCAFile.GetOptionalArg(i), tlsServerName.GetOptionalArg(i)
+		tr, err := utils.Transport(addr, cert, key, ca, serverName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
+		}
+		user, pass := basicAuthUsername.GetOptionalArg(i), basicAuthPassword.GetOptionalArg(i)
+		am := NewAlertManager(addr, user, pass, gen, &http.Client{Transport: tr})
+		notifiers = append(notifiers, am)
+	}
+
+	return notifiers, nil
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/notifier.go

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+package notifier
+
+import "context"
+
+// Notifier is common interface for alert manager provider
+type Notifier interface {
+	Send(ctx context.Context, alerts []Alert) error
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/package_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
+	u, _ := url.Parse("https://victoriametrics.com/path")
+	InitTemplateFunc(u)
+	os.Exit(m.Run())
+}

app/vmalert/notifier/template_func.go

@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+// Copyright 2013 The Prometheus Authors
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package notifier
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"math"
+	"net/url"
+	"regexp"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+
+	htmlTpl "html/template"
+	textTpl "text/template"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+)
+
+// QueryFn is used to wrap a call to datasource into simple-to-use function
+// for templating functions.
+type QueryFn func(query string) ([]datasource.Metric, error)
+
+func funcsWithQuery(query QueryFn) textTpl.FuncMap {
+	fm := make(textTpl.FuncMap)
+	for k, fn := range tmplFunc {
+		fm[k] = fn
+	}
+	fm["query"] = func(q string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) {
+		return query(q)
+	}
+	return fm
+}
+
+var tmplFunc textTpl.FuncMap
+
+// InitTemplateFunc initiates template helper functions
+func InitTemplateFunc(externalURL *url.URL) {
+	tmplFunc = textTpl.FuncMap{
+		"args": func(args ...interface{}) map[string]interface{} {
+			result := make(map[string]interface{})
+			for i, a := range args {
+				result[fmt.Sprintf("arg%d", i)] = a
+			}
+			return result
+		},
+		"reReplaceAll": func(pattern, repl, text string) string {
+			re := regexp.MustCompile(pattern)
+			return re.ReplaceAllString(text, repl)
+		},
+		"safeHtml": func(text string) htmlTpl.HTML {
+			return htmlTpl.HTML(text)
+		},
+		"match":   regexp.MatchString,
+		"title":   strings.Title,
+		"toUpper": strings.ToUpper,
+		"toLower": strings.ToLower,
+		"humanize": func(v float64) string {
+			if v == 0 || math.IsNaN(v) || math.IsInf(v, 0) {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g", v)
+			}
+			if math.Abs(v) >= 1 {
+				prefix := ""
+				for _, p := range []string{"k", "M", "G", "T", "P", "E", "Z", "Y"} {
+					if math.Abs(v) < 1000 {
+						break
+					}
+					prefix = p
+					v /= 1000
+				}
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g%s", v, prefix)
+			}
+			prefix := ""
+			for _, p := range []string{"m", "u", "n", "p", "f", "a", "z", "y"} {
+				if math.Abs(v) >= 1 {
+					break
+				}
+				prefix = p
+				v *= 1000
+			}
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g%s", v, prefix)
+		},
+		"humanize1024": func(v float64) string {
+			if math.Abs(v) <= 1 || math.IsNaN(v) || math.IsInf(v, 0) {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g", v)
+			}
+			prefix := ""
+			for _, p := range []string{"ki", "Mi", "Gi", "Ti", "Pi", "Ei", "Zi", "Yi"} {
+				if math.Abs(v) < 1024 {
+					break
+				}
+				prefix = p
+				v /= 1024
+			}
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g%s", v, prefix)
+		},
+		"humanizeDuration": func(v float64) string {
+			if math.IsNaN(v) || math.IsInf(v, 0) {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g", v)
+			}
+			if v == 0 {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4gs", v)
+			}
+			if math.Abs(v) >= 1 {
+				sign := ""
+				if v < 0 {
+					sign = "-"
+					v = -v
+				}
+				seconds := int64(v) % 60
+				minutes := (int64(v) / 60) % 60
+				hours := (int64(v) / 60 / 60) % 24
+				days := int64(v) / 60 / 60 / 24
+				// For days to minutes, we display seconds as an integer.
+				if days != 0 {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%s%dd %dh %dm %ds", sign, days, hours, minutes, seconds)
+				}
+				if hours != 0 {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%s%dh %dm %ds", sign, hours, minutes, seconds)
+				}
+				if minutes != 0 {
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%s%dm %ds", sign, minutes, seconds)
+				}
+				// For seconds, we display 4 significant digits.
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%s%.4gs", sign, v)
+			}
+			prefix := ""
+			for _, p := range []string{"m", "u", "n", "p", "f", "a", "z", "y"} {
+				if math.Abs(v) >= 1 {
+					break
+				}
+				prefix = p
+				v *= 1000
+			}
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g%ss", v, prefix)
+		},
+		"humanizePercentage": func(v float64) string {
+			return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g%%", v*100)
+		},
+		"humanizeTimestamp": func(v float64) string {
+			if math.IsNaN(v) || math.IsInf(v, 0) {
+				return fmt.Sprintf("%.4g", v)
+			}
+			t := TimeFromUnixNano(int64(v * 1e9)).Time().UTC()
+			return fmt.Sprint(t)
+		},
+		"pathPrefix": func() string {
+			return externalURL.Path
+		},
+		"externalURL": func() string {
+			return externalURL.String()
+		},
+		"pathEscape": func(u string) string {
+			return url.PathEscape(u)
+		},
+		"queryEscape": func(q string) string {
+			return url.QueryEscape(q)
+		},
+		"quotesEscape": func(q string) string {
+			return strings.Replace(q, `"`, `\"`, -1)
+		},
+		// query function supposed to be substituted at funcsWithQuery().
+		// it is present here only for validation purposes, when there is no
+		// provided datasource.
+		"query": func(q string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) {
+			return nil, nil
+		},
+		"first": func(metrics []datasource.Metric) (datasource.Metric, error) {
+			if len(metrics) > 0 {
+				return metrics[0], nil
+			}
+			return datasource.Metric{}, errors.New("first() called on vector with no elements")
+		},
+		"label": func(label string, m datasource.Metric) string {
+			return m.Label(label)
+		},
+		"value": func(m datasource.Metric) float64 {
+			return m.Value
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// Time is the number of milliseconds since the epoch
+// (1970-01-01 00:00 UTC) excluding leap seconds.
+type Time int64
+
+// TimeFromUnixNano returns the Time equivalent to the Unix Time
+// t provided in nanoseconds.
+func TimeFromUnixNano(t int64) Time {
+	return Time(t / nanosPerTick)
+}
+
+// The number of nanoseconds per minimum tick.
+const nanosPerTick = int64(minimumTick / time.Nanosecond)
+
+// MinimumTick is the minimum supported time resolution. This has to be
+// at least time.Second in order for the code below to work.
+const minimumTick = time.Millisecond
+
+// second is the Time duration equivalent to one second.
+const second = int64(time.Second / minimumTick)
+
+// Time returns the time.Time representation of t.
+func (t Time) Time() time.Time {
+	return time.Unix(int64(t)/second, (int64(t)%second)*nanosPerTick)
+}

app/vmalert/recording.go

@@ -0,0 +1,170 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"hash/fnv"
+	"sort"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+)
+
+// RecordingRule is a Rule that supposed
+// to evaluate configured Expression and
+// return TimeSeries as result.
+type RecordingRule struct {
+	RuleID  uint64
+	Name    string
+	Expr    string
+	Labels  map[string]string
+	GroupID uint64
+
+	// guard status fields
+	mu sync.RWMutex
+	// stores last moment of time Exec was called
+	lastExecTime time.Time
+	// stores last error that happened in Exec func
+	// resets on every successful Exec
+	// may be used as Health state
+	lastExecError error
+
+	metrics *recordingRuleMetrics
+}
+
+type recordingRuleMetrics struct {
+	errors *gauge
+}
+
+// String implements Stringer interface
+func (rr *RecordingRule) String() string {
+	return rr.Name
+}
+
+// ID returns unique Rule ID
+// within the parent Group.
+func (rr *RecordingRule) ID() uint64 {
+	return rr.RuleID
+}
+
+func newRecordingRule(group *Group, cfg config.Rule) *RecordingRule {
+	rr := &RecordingRule{
+		RuleID:  cfg.ID,
+		Name:    cfg.Record,
+		Expr:    cfg.Expr,
+		Labels:  cfg.Labels,
+		GroupID: group.ID(),
+		metrics: &recordingRuleMetrics{},
+	}
+	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`recording=%q, group=%q, id="%d"`, rr.Name, group.Name, rr.ID())
+	rr.metrics.errors = getOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_recording_rules_error{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			rr.mu.Lock()
+			defer rr.mu.Unlock()
+			if rr.lastExecError == nil {
+				return 0
+			}
+			return 1
+		})
+	return rr
+}
+
+// Close unregisters rule metrics
+func (rr *RecordingRule) Close() {
+	metrics.UnregisterMetric(rr.metrics.errors.name)
+}
+
+// Exec executes RecordingRule expression via the given Querier.
+func (rr *RecordingRule) Exec(ctx context.Context, q datasource.Querier, series bool) ([]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, error) {
+	if !series {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	qMetrics, err := q.Query(ctx, rr.Expr)
+
+	rr.mu.Lock()
+	defer rr.mu.Unlock()
+
+	rr.lastExecTime = time.Now()
+	rr.lastExecError = err
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to execute query %q: %w", rr.Expr, err)
+	}
+
+	duplicates := make(map[uint64]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, len(qMetrics))
+	var tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	for _, r := range qMetrics {
+		ts := rr.toTimeSeries(r, rr.lastExecTime)
+		h := hashTimeSeries(ts)
+		if _, ok := duplicates[h]; ok {
+			rr.lastExecError = errDuplicate
+			return nil, errDuplicate
+		}
+		duplicates[h] = ts
+		tss = append(tss, ts)
+	}
+	return tss, nil
+}
+
+func hashTimeSeries(ts prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) uint64 {
+	hash := fnv.New64a()
+	labels := ts.Labels
+	sort.Slice(labels, func(i, j int) bool {
+		return labels[i].Name < labels[j].Name
+	})
+	for _, l := range labels {
+		hash.Write([]byte(l.Name))
+		hash.Write([]byte(l.Value))
+		hash.Write([]byte("\xff"))
+	}
+	return hash.Sum64()
+}
+
+func (rr *RecordingRule) toTimeSeries(m datasource.Metric, timestamp time.Time) prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
+	labels := make(map[string]string)
+	for _, l := range m.Labels {
+		labels[l.Name] = l.Value
+	}
+	labels["__name__"] = rr.Name
+	// override existing labels with configured ones
+	for k, v := range rr.Labels {
+		labels[k] = v
+	}
+	return newTimeSeries(m.Value, labels, timestamp)
+}
+
+// UpdateWith copies all significant fields.
+// alerts state isn't copied since
+// it should be updated in next 2 Execs
+func (rr *RecordingRule) UpdateWith(r Rule) error {
+	nr, ok := r.(*RecordingRule)
+	if !ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("BUG: attempt to update recroding rule with wrong type %#v", r)
+	}
+	rr.Expr = nr.Expr
+	rr.Labels = nr.Labels
+	return nil
+}
+
+// RuleAPI returns Rule representation in form
+// of APIRecordingRule
+func (rr *RecordingRule) RuleAPI() APIRecordingRule {
+	var lastErr string
+	if rr.lastExecError != nil {
+		lastErr = rr.lastExecError.Error()
+	}
+	return APIRecordingRule{
+		// encode as strings to avoid rounding
+		ID:         fmt.Sprintf("%d", rr.ID()),
+		GroupID:    fmt.Sprintf("%d", rr.GroupID),
+		Name:       rr.Name,
+		Expression: rr.Expr,
+		LastError:  lastErr,
+		LastExec:   rr.lastExecTime,
+		Labels:     rr.Labels,
+	}
+}

app/vmalert/recording_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"errors"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
+)
+
+func TestRecoridngRule_ToTimeSeries(t *testing.T) {
+	timestamp := time.Now()
+	testCases := []struct {
+		rule    *RecordingRule
+		metrics []datasource.Metric
+		expTS   []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	}{
+		{
+			&RecordingRule{Name: "foo"},
+			[]datasource.Metric{metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 10,
+				"__name__", "bar",
+			)},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(10, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "foo",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			&RecordingRule{Name: "foobarbaz"},
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "foo"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "__name__", "bar", "job", "bar"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 3, "__name__", "baz", "job", "baz"),
+			},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "foobarbaz",
+					"job":      "foo",
+				}, timestamp),
+				newTimeSeries(2, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "foobarbaz",
+					"job":      "bar",
+				}, timestamp),
+				newTimeSeries(3, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "foobarbaz",
+					"job":      "baz",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			&RecordingRule{Name: "job:foo", Labels: map[string]string{
+				"source": "test",
+			}},
+			[]datasource.Metric{
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "__name__", "foo", "job", "foo"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "bar", "job", "bar")},
+			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
+				newTimeSeries(2, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "job:foo",
+					"job":      "foo",
+					"source":   "test",
+				}, timestamp),
+				newTimeSeries(1, map[string]string{
+					"__name__": "job:foo",
+					"job":      "bar",
+					"source":   "test",
+				}, timestamp),
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	for _, tc := range testCases {
+		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
+			fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+			fq.add(tc.metrics...)
+			tss, err := tc.rule.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, true)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("unexpected Exec err: %s", err)
+			}
+			if err := compareTimeSeries(t, tc.expTS, tss); err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("timeseries missmatch: %s", err)
+			}
+		})
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecoridngRule_ToTimeSeriesNegative(t *testing.T) {
+	rr := &RecordingRule{Name: "job:foo", Labels: map[string]string{
+		"job": "test",
+	}}
+
+	fq := &fakeQuerier{}
+	expErr := "connection reset by peer"
+	fq.setErr(errors.New(expErr))
+
+	_, err := rr.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, true)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err; got nil")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), expErr) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err %q; got %q insterad", expErr, err)
+	}
+
+	fq.reset()
+
+	// add metrics which differs only by `job` label
+	// which will be overridden by rule
+	fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "foo"))
+	fq.add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "__name__", "foo", "job", "bar"))
+
+	_, err = rr.Exec(context.TODO(), fq, true)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err; got nil")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), errDuplicate.Error()) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err %q; got %q insterad", errDuplicate, err)
+	}
+}