Merge branch 'master' into streaming-aggregation

WIP
2026-05-24 12:16:28 +03:00 · 2023-10-26 16:54:09 +02:00 · 2023-10-23 13:14:48 +02:00 · 2023-10-18 14:48:49 +02:00
2514 changed files with 103890 additions and 114835 deletions
--- a/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
+++ b/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/bug_report.yml
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ body:
  
        For VictoriaMetrics health-state issues please provide full-length screenshots
        of Grafana dashboards if possible:
-          * [Grafana dashboard for single-node VictoriaMetrics](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10229/)
-          * [Grafana dashboard for VictoriaMetrics cluster](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11176/)
+          * [Grafana dashboard for single-node VictoriaMetrics](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/10229-victoriametrics/)
+          * [Grafana dashboard for VictoriaMetrics cluster](https://grafana.com/grafana/dashboards/11176-victoriametrics-cluster/)
        
        See how to setup monitoring here:
          * [monitoring for single-node VictoriaMetrics](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/#monitoring)
--- a/.github/workflows/check-licenses.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check-licenses.yml
@@ -14,25 +14,13 @@ jobs:
    name: Build
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
+      - name: Setup Go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@main
+        with:
+          go-version: 1.21.3
+        id: go
      - name: Code checkout
        uses: actions/checkout@master
-
-      - name: Setup Go
-        id: go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: stable
-          cache: false
-
-      - name: Cache Go artifacts
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/go-build
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-            ~/go/bin
-          key: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-check-licenses-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.sum', 'Makefile', 'app/**/Makefile') }}
-          restore-keys: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-check-licenses-
-
      - name: Check License
-        run: make check-licenses
+        run: |
+          make check-licenses
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis-js.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis-js.yml
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
        with:
          languages: ${{ matrix.language }}

      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
        with:
          category: "javascript"
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -55,27 +55,16 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Set up Go
-        id: go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: stable
-          cache: false
-        if: ${{ matrix.language == 'go' }}
-
-      - name: Cache Go artifacts
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/go-build
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-            ~/go/bin
-          key: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-codeql-analyze-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.sum', 'Makefile', 'app/**/Makefile') }}
-          restore-keys: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-codeql-analyze-
+          go-version: 1.21.3
+          check-latest: true
+          cache: true
        if: ${{ matrix.language == 'go' }}

      # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
      - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v2
        with:
          languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
          # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -86,7 +75,7 @@ jobs:
      # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
      # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
      - name: Autobuild
-        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@v2

      # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
      # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -100,4 +89,4 @@ jobs:
      #   make release

      - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v3
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v2
--- a/.github/workflows/main.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ on:
    paths-ignore:
      - "docs/**"
      - "**.md"
-      - "dashboards/**"
-      - "deployment/**.yml"
  pull_request:
    branches:
      - master
@@ -16,8 +14,6 @@ on:
    paths-ignore:
      - "docs/**"
      - "**.md"
-      - "dashboards/**"
-      - "deployment/**.yml"
 permissions:
  contents: read

@@ -34,55 +30,18 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Go
-        id: go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: stable
-          cache: false
+          go-version: 1.21.3
+          check-latest: true
+          cache: true

-      - name: Cache Go artifacts
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/go-build
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-            ~/go/bin
-          key: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-check-all-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.sum', 'Makefile', 'app/**/Makefile') }}
-          restore-keys: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-check-all-
-
-      - name: Run check-all
+      - name: Dependencies
        run: |
+          make install-golangci-lint
          make check-all
          git diff --exit-code

-  build:
-    needs: lint
-    name: build
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Code checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Setup Go
-        id: go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: stable
-          cache: false
-
-      - name: Cache Go artifacts
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/go-build
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-            ~/go/bin
-          key: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-crossbuild-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.sum', 'Makefile', 'app/**/Makefile') }}
-          restore-keys: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-crossbuild-
-
-      - name: Build
-        run: make crossbuild
-
  test:
    needs: lint
    strategy:
@@ -95,26 +54,43 @@ jobs:
        uses: actions/checkout@v4

      - name: Setup Go
-        id: go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
-          go-version: stable
-          cache: false
-
-      - name: Cache Go artifacts
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
-        with:
-          path: |
-            ~/.cache/go-build
-            ~/go/pkg/mod
-            ~/go/bin
-          key: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.scenario }}-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.sum', 'Makefile', 'app/**/Makefile') }}
-          restore-keys: go-artifacts-${{ runner.os }}-${{ matrix.scenario }}-
+          go-version: 1.21.3
+          check-latest: true
+          cache: true

      - name: run tests
-        run: make ${{ matrix.scenario}}
+        run: |
+          make ${{ matrix.scenario}}

      - name: Publish coverage
-        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v4
+        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
        with:
          file: ./coverage.txt
+
+  build:
+    needs: test
+    name: build
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - name: Code checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Setup Go
+        id: go
+        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
+        with:
+          go-version: 1.21.3
+          check-latest: true
+          cache: true
+
+      - uses: actions/cache@v3
+        with:
+          path: gocache-for-docker
+          key:  gocache-docker-${{ runner.os }}-${{ steps.go.outputs.go-version }}-${{ hashFiles('go.mod') }}
+
+      - name: Build
+        run: |
+          make victoria-metrics-crossbuild
+          make vmuitils-crossbuild
--- a/.github/workflows/sync-docs.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/sync-docs.yml
@@ -7,8 +7,7 @@ on:
      - 'docs/**'
  workflow_dispatch: {}
 env:
-  PAGEFIND_VERSION: "1.0.4"
-  HUGO_VERSION: "latest"
+  PAGEFIND_VERSION: "1.0.3"
 permissions:
  contents: read  # This is required for actions/checkout and to commit back image update
  deployments: write
@@ -29,7 +28,7 @@ jobs:
          path: docs
      - uses: peaceiris/actions-hugo@v2
        with:
-          hugo-version: ${{env.HUGO_VERSION}}
+          hugo-version: 'latest'
          extended: true
      - name: Install PageFind #install the static search engine for index build
        uses: supplypike/setup-bin@v3
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -22,4 +22,3 @@ Gemfile.lock
 /_site
 _site
 *.tmp
-/docs/.jekyll-metadata
--- a/2
+++ b/2
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@

   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS

-   Copyright 2019-2024 VictoriaMetrics, Inc.
+   Copyright 2019-2023 VictoriaMetrics, Inc.

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
--- a/145
+++ b/145
@@ -1,7 +1,5 @@
 PKG_PREFIX := github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics

-MAKE_CONCURRENCY ?= $(shell getconf _NPROCESSORS_ONLN)
-MAKE_PARALLEL := $(MAKE) -j $(MAKE_CONCURRENCY)
 DATEINFO_TAG ?= $(shell date -u +'%Y%m%d-%H%M%S')
 BUILDINFO_TAG ?= $(shell echo $$(git describe --long --all | tr '/' '-')$$( \
 	      git diff-index --quiet HEAD -- || echo '-dirty-'$$(git diff-index -u HEAD | openssl sha1 | cut -d' ' -f2 | cut -c 1-8)))
@@ -17,7 +15,6 @@ GO_BUILDINFO = -X '$(PKG_PREFIX)/lib/buildinfo.Version=$(APP_NAME)-$(DATEINFO_TA
 .PHONY: $(MAKECMDGOALS)

 include app/*/Makefile
-include docs/Makefile
 include deployment/*/Makefile
 include dashboards/Makefile
 include snap/local/Makefile
@@ -28,164 +25,162 @@ all: \
 	victoria-logs-prod \
 	vmagent-prod \
 	vmalert-prod \
-	vmalert-tool-prod \
 	vmauth-prod \
 	vmbackup-prod \
 	vmrestore-prod \
-	vmctl-prod
+	vmctl-prod \
+	vmalert-tool-prod

 clean:
 	rm -rf bin/*

-publish: \
+publish: package-base \
 	publish-victoria-metrics \
 	publish-vmagent \
 	publish-vmalert \
-	publish-vmalert-tool \
 	publish-vmauth \
 	publish-vmbackup \
 	publish-vmrestore \
-	publish-vmctl
+	publish-vmctl \
+	publish-vmalert-tool

 package: \
 	package-victoria-metrics \
 	package-victoria-logs \
 	package-vmagent \
 	package-vmalert \
-	package-vmalert-tool \
 	package-vmauth \
 	package-vmbackup \
 	package-vmrestore \
-	package-vmctl
+	package-vmctl \
+	package-vmalert-tool

 vmutils: \
 	vmagent \
 	vmalert \
-	vmalert-tool \
 	vmauth \
 	vmbackup \
 	vmrestore \
-	vmctl
+	vmctl \
+	vmalert-tool

 vmutils-pure: \
 	vmagent-pure \
 	vmalert-pure \
-	vmalert-tool-pure \
 	vmauth-pure \
 	vmbackup-pure \
 	vmrestore-pure \
-	vmctl-pure
+	vmctl-pure \
+	vmalert-tool-pure

 vmutils-linux-amd64: \
 	vmagent-linux-amd64 \
 	vmalert-linux-amd64 \
-	vmalert-tool-linux-amd64 \
 	vmauth-linux-amd64 \
 	vmbackup-linux-amd64 \
 	vmrestore-linux-amd64 \
-	vmctl-linux-amd64
+	vmctl-linux-amd64 \
+	vmalert-tool-linux-amd64

 vmutils-linux-arm64: \
 	vmagent-linux-arm64 \
 	vmalert-linux-arm64 \
-	vmalert-tool-linux-arm64 \
 	vmauth-linux-arm64 \
 	vmbackup-linux-arm64 \
 	vmrestore-linux-arm64 \
-	vmctl-linux-arm64
+	vmctl-linux-arm64 \
+	vmalert-tool-linux-arm64

 vmutils-linux-arm: \
 	vmagent-linux-arm \
 	vmalert-linux-arm \
-	vmalert-tool-linux-arm \
 	vmauth-linux-arm \
 	vmbackup-linux-arm \
 	vmrestore-linux-arm \
-	vmctl-linux-arm
+	vmctl-linux-arm \
+	vmalert-tool-linux-arm

 vmutils-linux-386: \
 	vmagent-linux-386 \
 	vmalert-linux-386 \
-	vmalert-tool-linux-386 \
 	vmauth-linux-386 \
 	vmbackup-linux-386 \
 	vmrestore-linux-386 \
-	vmctl-linux-386
+	vmctl-linux-386 \
+	vmalert-tool-linux-386

 vmutils-linux-ppc64le: \
 	vmagent-linux-ppc64le \
 	vmalert-linux-ppc64le \
-	vmalert-tool-linux-ppc64le \
 	vmauth-linux-ppc64le \
 	vmbackup-linux-ppc64le \
 	vmrestore-linux-ppc64le \
-	vmctl-linux-ppc64le
+	vmctl-linux-ppc64le \
+	vmalert-tool-linux-ppc64le

 vmutils-darwin-amd64: \
 	vmagent-darwin-amd64 \
 	vmalert-darwin-amd64 \
-	vmalert-tool-darwin-amd64 \
 	vmauth-darwin-amd64 \
 	vmbackup-darwin-amd64 \
 	vmrestore-darwin-amd64 \
-	vmctl-darwin-amd64
+	vmctl-darwin-amd64 \
+	vmalert-tool-darwin-amd64

 vmutils-darwin-arm64: \
 	vmagent-darwin-arm64 \
 	vmalert-darwin-arm64 \
-	vmalert-tool-darwin-arm64 \
 	vmauth-darwin-arm64 \
 	vmbackup-darwin-arm64 \
 	vmrestore-darwin-arm64 \
-	vmctl-darwin-arm64
+	vmctl-darwin-arm64 \
+	vmalert-tool-darwin-arm64

 vmutils-freebsd-amd64: \
 	vmagent-freebsd-amd64 \
 	vmalert-freebsd-amd64 \
-	vmalert-tool-freebsd-amd64 \
 	vmauth-freebsd-amd64 \
 	vmbackup-freebsd-amd64 \
 	vmrestore-freebsd-amd64 \
-	vmctl-freebsd-amd64
+	vmctl-freebsd-amd64 \
+	vmalert-tool-freebsd-amd64

 vmutils-openbsd-amd64: \
 	vmagent-openbsd-amd64 \
 	vmalert-openbsd-amd64 \
-	vmalert-tool-openbsd-amd64 \
 	vmauth-openbsd-amd64 \
 	vmbackup-openbsd-amd64 \
 	vmrestore-openbsd-amd64 \
-	vmctl-openbsd-amd64
+	vmctl-openbsd-amd64 \
+	vmalert-tool-openbsd-amd64

 vmutils-windows-amd64: \
 	vmagent-windows-amd64 \
 	vmalert-windows-amd64 \
-	vmalert-tool-windows-amd64 \
 	vmauth-windows-amd64 \
 	vmbackup-windows-amd64 \
 	vmrestore-windows-amd64 \
-	vmctl-windows-amd64
-
-crossbuild:
-	$(MAKE_PARALLEL) victoria-metrics-crossbuild vmutils-crossbuild
+	vmctl-windows-amd64 \
+	vmalert-tool-windows-amd64

 victoria-metrics-crossbuild: \
 	victoria-metrics-linux-386 \
 	victoria-metrics-linux-amd64 \
 	victoria-metrics-linux-arm64 \
 	victoria-metrics-linux-arm \
+	victoria-metrics-linux-386 \
 	victoria-metrics-linux-ppc64le \
 	victoria-metrics-darwin-amd64 \
 	victoria-metrics-darwin-arm64 \
 	victoria-metrics-freebsd-amd64 \
-	victoria-metrics-openbsd-amd64 \
-	victoria-metrics-windows-amd64
+	victoria-metrics-openbsd-amd64

 vmutils-crossbuild: \
 	vmutils-linux-386 \
 	vmutils-linux-amd64 \
 	vmutils-linux-arm64 \
 	vmutils-linux-arm \
+	vmutils-linux-386 \
 	vmutils-linux-ppc64le \
 	vmutils-darwin-amd64 \
 	vmutils-darwin-arm64 \
@@ -195,15 +190,14 @@ vmutils-crossbuild: \

 publish-release:
 	rm -rf bin/*
-	git checkout $(TAG) && $(MAKE) release && LATEST_TAG=stable $(MAKE) publish && \
-		git checkout $(TAG)-cluster && $(MAKE) release && LATEST_TAG=cluster-stable $(MAKE) publish && \
-		git checkout $(TAG)-enterprise && $(MAKE) release && LATEST_TAG=enterprise-stable $(MAKE) publish && \
-		git checkout $(TAG)-enterprise-cluster && $(MAKE) release && LATEST_TAG=enterprise-cluster-stable $(MAKE) publish
+	git checkout $(TAG) && LATEST_TAG=stable $(MAKE) release publish && \
+		git checkout $(TAG)-cluster && LATEST_TAG=cluster-stable $(MAKE) release publish && \
+		git checkout $(TAG)-enterprise && LATEST_TAG=enterprise-stable $(MAKE) release publish && \
+		git checkout $(TAG)-enterprise-cluster && LATEST_TAG=enterprise-cluster-stable $(MAKE) release publish

-release:
-	$(MAKE_PARALLEL) \
-		release-victoria-metrics \
-		release-vmutils
+release: \
+	release-victoria-metrics \
+	release-vmutils

 release-victoria-metrics: \
 	release-victoria-metrics-linux-386 \
@@ -262,16 +256,16 @@ release-victoria-metrics-windows-goarch: victoria-metrics-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod
 	cd bin && rm -rf \
 		victoria-metrics-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe

-release-victoria-logs:
-	$(MAKE_PARALLEL) release-victoria-logs-linux-386 \
-		release-victoria-logs-linux-amd64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-linux-arm \
-		release-victoria-logs-linux-arm64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-darwin-amd64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-darwin-arm64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-freebsd-amd64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-openbsd-amd64 \
-		release-victoria-logs-windows-amd64
+release-victoria-logs: \
+	release-victoria-logs-linux-386 \
+	release-victoria-logs-linux-amd64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-linux-arm \
+	release-victoria-logs-linux-arm64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-darwin-amd64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-darwin-arm64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-freebsd-amd64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-openbsd-amd64 \
+	release-victoria-logs-windows-amd64

 release-victoria-logs-linux-386:
 	GOOS=linux GOARCH=386 $(MAKE) release-victoria-logs-goos-goarch
@@ -360,72 +354,72 @@ release-vmutils-windows-amd64:
 release-vmutils-goos-goarch: \
 	vmagent-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmalert-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-	vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmauth-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmbackup-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmrestore-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-	vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod
+	vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
+	vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod
 	cd bin && \
 		tar --transform="flags=r;s|-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)||" -czf vmutils-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz \
 			vmagent-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmalert-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-			vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmauth-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmbackup-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmrestore-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
+			vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod
 		&& sha256sum vmutils-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG).tar.gz \
 			vmagent-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmalert-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-			vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmauth-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmbackup-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmrestore-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
+			vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 			| sed s/-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod/-prod/ > vmutils-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG)_checksums.txt
 	cd bin && rm -rf \
 		vmagent-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 		vmalert-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-		vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 		vmauth-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 		vmbackup-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 		vmrestore-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-		vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod
+		vmctl-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod \
+		vmalert-tool-$(GOOS)-$(GOARCH)-prod

 release-vmutils-windows-goarch: \
 	vmagent-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmalert-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-	vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmauth-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmbackup-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
 	vmrestore-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
-	vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod
+	vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod \
+	vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod
 	cd bin && \
 		zip vmutils-windows-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG).zip \
 			vmagent-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmalert-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
-			vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmauth-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmbackup-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmrestore-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
+			vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 		&& sha256sum vmutils-windows-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG).zip \
 			vmagent-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmalert-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
-			vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmauth-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmbackup-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmrestore-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
+			vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 			> vmutils-windows-$(GOARCH)-$(PKG_TAG)_checksums.txt
 	cd bin && rm -rf \
 		vmagent-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 		vmalert-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
-		vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 		vmauth-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 		vmbackup-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
 		vmrestore-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
-		vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe
+		vmctl-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe \
+		vmalert-tool-windows-$(GOARCH)-prod.exe

 pprof-cpu:
 	go tool pprof -trim_path=github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics@ $(PPROF_FILE)
@@ -466,7 +460,7 @@ benchmark-pure:
 vendor-update:
 	go get -u -d ./lib/...
 	go get -u -d ./app/...
-	go mod tidy -compat=1.22
+	go mod tidy -compat=1.20
 	go mod vendor

 app-local:
@@ -492,7 +486,7 @@ golangci-lint: install-golangci-lint
 	golangci-lint run

 install-golangci-lint:
-	which golangci-lint || curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin v1.55.1
+	which golangci-lint || curl -sSfL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/golangci/golangci-lint/master/install.sh | sh -s -- -b $(shell go env GOPATH)/bin v1.54.2

 govulncheck: install-govulncheck
 	govulncheck ./...
@@ -535,3 +529,12 @@ copy-docs:
 docs-sync:
 	SRC=README.md DST=docs/README.md OLD_URL='' ORDER=0 TITLE=VictoriaMetrics $(MAKE) copy-docs
 	SRC=README.md DST=docs/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.md OLD_URL='/Single-server-VictoriaMetrics.html' TITLE=VictoriaMetrics ORDER=1 $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmagent/README.md DST=docs/vmagent.md OLD_URL='/vmagent.html' ORDER=3 TITLE=vmagent $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmalert/README.md DST=docs/vmalert.md OLD_URL='/vmalert.html' ORDER=4 TITLE=vmalert $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmauth/README.md DST=docs/vmauth.md OLD_URL='/vmauth.html' ORDER=5 TITLE=vmauth $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmbackup/README.md DST=docs/vmbackup.md OLD_URL='/vmbackup.html' ORDER=6 TITLE=vmbackup $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmrestore/README.md DST=docs/vmrestore.md OLD_URL='/vmrestore.html' ORDER=7 TITLE=vmrestore $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmctl/README.md DST=docs/vmctl.md OLD_URL='/vmctl.html' ORDER=8 TITLE=vmctl $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmgateway/README.md DST=docs/vmgateway.md OLD_URL='/vmgateway.html' ORDER=9 TITLE=vmgateway $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmbackupmanager/README.md DST=docs/vmbackupmanager.md OLD_URL='/vmbackupmanager.html' ORDER=10 TITLE=vmbackupmanager $(MAKE) copy-docs
+	SRC=app/vmalert-tool/README.md DST=docs/vmalert-tool.md OLD_URL='' ORDER=12 TITLE=vmalert-tool $(MAKE) copy-docs
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
--- a/SECURITY.md
+++ b/SECURITY.md
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 | Version | Supported          |
 |---------|--------------------|
 | [latest release](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/CHANGELOG.html) | :white_check_mark: |
-| v1.97.x LTS release | :white_check_mark: |
 | v1.93.x LTS release | :white_check_mark: |
+| v1.87.x LTS release | :white_check_mark: |
 | other releases  | :x:                |

 ## Reporting a Vulnerability
--- a/app/victoria-logs/main.go
+++ b/app/victoria-logs/main.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vlselect"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vlstorage"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/buildinfo"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/cgroup"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/envflag"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs"
@@ -21,10 +22,11 @@ import (
 )

 var (
-	httpListenAddrs  = flagutil.NewArrayString("httpListenAddr", "TCP address to listen for incoming http requests. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
-	useProxyProtocol = flagutil.NewArrayBool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at the given -httpListenAddr . "+
+	httpListenAddr   = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":9428", "TCP address to listen for http connections. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
+	useProxyProtocol = flag.Bool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", false, "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at -httpListenAddr . "+
 		"See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt . "+
 		"With enabled proxy protocol http server cannot serve regular /metrics endpoint. Use -pushmetrics.url for metrics pushing")
+	gogc = flag.Int("gogc", 100, "GOGC to use. See https://tip.golang.org/doc/gc-guide")
 )

 func main() {
@@ -32,31 +34,27 @@ func main() {
 	flag.CommandLine.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
 	flag.Usage = usage
 	envflag.Parse()
+	cgroup.SetGOGC(*gogc)
 	buildinfo.Init()
 	logger.Init()
+	pushmetrics.Init()

-	listenAddrs := *httpListenAddrs
-	if len(listenAddrs) == 0 {
-		listenAddrs = []string{":9428"}
-	}
-	logger.Infof("starting VictoriaLogs at %q...", listenAddrs)
+	logger.Infof("starting VictoriaLogs at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime := time.Now()

 	vlstorage.Init()
 	vlselect.Init()
 	vlinsert.Init()

-	go httpserver.Serve(listenAddrs, useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, *useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
 	logger.Infof("started VictoriaLogs in %.3f seconds; see https://docs.victoriametrics.com/VictoriaLogs/", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())

-	pushmetrics.Init()
 	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
 	logger.Infof("received signal %s", sig)
-	pushmetrics.Stop()

-	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", listenAddrs)
+	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime = time.Now()
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(listenAddrs); err != nil {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
 	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/main.go
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/main.go
@@ -26,8 +26,8 @@ import (
 )

 var (
-	httpListenAddrs  = flagutil.NewArrayString("httpListenAddr", "TCP addresses to listen for incoming http requests. See also -tls and -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
-	useProxyProtocol = flagutil.NewArrayBool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at the corresponding -httpListenAddr . "+
+	httpListenAddr   = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8428", "TCP address to listen for http connections. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
+	useProxyProtocol = flag.Bool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", false, "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at -httpListenAddr . "+
 		"See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt . "+
 		"With enabled proxy protocol http server cannot serve regular /metrics endpoint. Use -pushmetrics.url for metrics pushing")
 	minScrapeInterval = flag.Duration("dedup.minScrapeInterval", 0, "Leave only the last sample in every time series per each discrete interval "+
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ func main() {
 	envflag.Parse()
 	buildinfo.Init()
 	logger.Init()
+	pushmetrics.Init()

 	if promscrape.IsDryRun() {
 		*dryRun = true
@@ -66,37 +67,30 @@ func main() {
 		return
 	}

-	listenAddrs := *httpListenAddrs
-	if len(listenAddrs) == 0 {
-		listenAddrs = []string{":8428"}
-	}
-	logger.Infof("starting VictoriaMetrics at %q...", listenAddrs)
+	logger.Infof("starting VictoriaMetrics at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime := time.Now()
 	storage.SetDedupInterval(*minScrapeInterval)
 	storage.SetDataFlushInterval(*inmemoryDataFlushInterval)
 	vmstorage.Init(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
 	vmselect.Init()
 	vminsert.Init()
-
 	startSelfScraper()

-	go httpserver.Serve(listenAddrs, useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, *useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
 	logger.Infof("started VictoriaMetrics in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())

-	pushmetrics.Init()
 	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
 	logger.Infof("received signal %s", sig)
-	pushmetrics.Stop()

 	stopSelfScraper()

-	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", listenAddrs)
+	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime = time.Now()
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(listenAddrs); err != nil {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
-	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
 	vminsert.Stop()
+	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())

 	vmstorage.Stop()
 	vmselect.Stop()
@@ -123,12 +117,12 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 			{"expand-with-exprs", "WITH expressions' tutorial"},
 			{"api/v1/targets", "advanced information about discovered targets in JSON format"},
 			{"config", "-promscrape.config contents"},
+			{"stream-agg", "streaming aggregation status"},
 			{"metrics", "available service metrics"},
 			{"flags", "command-line flags"},
 			{"api/v1/status/tsdb", "tsdb status page"},
 			{"api/v1/status/top_queries", "top queries"},
 			{"api/v1/status/active_queries", "active queries"},
-			{"-/reload", "reload configuration"},
 		})
 		return true
 	}
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/main_test.go
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/main_test.go
@@ -7,13 +7,11 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"log"
-	"math/rand"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"os"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"reflect"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 	"time"
@@ -56,14 +54,15 @@ var (
 )

 type test struct {
-	Name          string   `json:"name"`
-	Data          []string `json:"data"`
-	InsertQuery   string   `json:"insert_query"`
-	Query         []string `json:"query"`
-	ResultMetrics []Metric `json:"result_metrics"`
-	ResultSeries  Series   `json:"result_series"`
-	ResultQuery   Query    `json:"result_query"`
-	Issue         string   `json:"issue"`
+	Name             string     `json:"name"`
+	Data             []string   `json:"data"`
+	InsertQuery      string     `json:"insert_query"`
+	Query            []string   `json:"query"`
+	ResultMetrics    []Metric   `json:"result_metrics"`
+	ResultSeries     Series     `json:"result_series"`
+	ResultQuery      Query      `json:"result_query"`
+	ResultQueryRange QueryRange `json:"result_query_range"`
+	Issue            string     `json:"issue"`
 }

 type Metric struct {
@@ -81,90 +80,42 @@ type Series struct {
 	Status string              `json:"status"`
 	Data   []map[string]string `json:"data"`
 }
-
 type Query struct {
-	Status string `json:"status"`
-	Data   struct {
-		ResultType string          `json:"resultType"`
-		Result     json.RawMessage `json:"result"`
-	} `json:"data"`
+	Status string    `json:"status"`
+	Data   QueryData `json:"data"`
+}
+type QueryData struct {
+	ResultType string            `json:"resultType"`
+	Result     []QueryDataResult `json:"result"`
 }

-const rtVector, rtMatrix = "vector", "matrix"
-
-func (q *Query) metrics() ([]Metric, error) {
-	switch q.Data.ResultType {
-	case rtVector:
-		var r QueryInstant
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(q.Data.Result, &r.Result); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		return r.metrics()
-	case rtMatrix:
-		var r QueryRange
-		if err := json.Unmarshal(q.Data.Result, &r.Result); err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		return r.metrics()
-	default:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unknown result type %q", q.Data.ResultType)
-	}
+type QueryDataResult struct {
+	Metric map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Value  []interface{}     `json:"value"`
 }

-type QueryInstant struct {
-	Result []struct {
-		Labels map[string]string `json:"metric"`
-		TV     [2]interface{}    `json:"value"`
-	} `json:"result"`
-}
-
-func (q QueryInstant) metrics() ([]Metric, error) {
-	result := make([]Metric, len(q.Result))
-	for i, res := range q.Result {
-		f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(res.TV[1].(string), 64)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("metric %v, unable to parse float64 from %s: %w", res, res.TV[1], err)
-		}
-		var m Metric
-		m.Metric = res.Labels
-		m.Timestamps = append(m.Timestamps, int64(res.TV[0].(float64)))
-		m.Values = append(m.Values, f)
-		result[i] = m
-	}
-	return result, nil
+func (r *QueryDataResult) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	type plain QueryDataResult
+	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(r))
 }

 type QueryRange struct {
-	Result []struct {
-		Metric map[string]string `json:"metric"`
-		Values [][]interface{}   `json:"values"`
-	} `json:"result"`
+	Status string         `json:"status"`
+	Data   QueryRangeData `json:"data"`
+}
+type QueryRangeData struct {
+	ResultType string                 `json:"resultType"`
+	Result     []QueryRangeDataResult `json:"result"`
 }

-func (q QueryRange) metrics() ([]Metric, error) {
-	var result []Metric
-	for i, res := range q.Result {
-		var m Metric
-		for _, tv := range res.Values {
-			f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(tv[1].(string), 64)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("metric %v, unable to parse float64 from %s: %w", res, tv[1], err)
-			}
-			m.Values = append(m.Values, f)
-			m.Timestamps = append(m.Timestamps, int64(tv[0].(float64)))
-		}
-		if len(m.Values) < 1 || len(m.Timestamps) < 1 {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("metric %v contains no values", res)
-		}
-		m.Metric = q.Result[i].Metric
-		result = append(result, m)
-	}
-	return result, nil
+type QueryRangeDataResult struct {
+	Metric map[string]string `json:"metric"`
+	Values [][]interface{}   `json:"values"`
 }

-func (q *Query) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	type plain Query
-	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(q))
+func (r *QueryRangeDataResult) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	type plain QueryRangeDataResult
+	return json.Unmarshal(testutil.PopulateTimeTpl(b, insertionTime), (*plain)(r))
 }

 func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
@@ -181,7 +132,7 @@ func setUp() {
 	vmstorage.Init(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
 	vmselect.Init()
 	vminsert.Init()
-	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddrs, useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, false, requestHandler)
 	readyStorageCheckFunc := func() bool {
 		resp, err := http.Get(testHealthHTTPPath)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -227,7 +178,7 @@ func waitFor(timeout time.Duration, f func() bool) error {
 }

 func tearDown() {
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddrs); err != nil {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		log.Printf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
 	vminsert.Stop()
@@ -246,9 +197,6 @@ func TestWriteRead(t *testing.T) {
 func testWrite(t *testing.T) {
 	t.Run("prometheus", func(t *testing.T) {
 		for _, test := range readIn("prometheus", t, insertionTime) {
-			if test.Data == nil {
-				continue
-			}
 			s := newSuite(t)
 			r := testutil.WriteRequest{}
 			s.noError(json.Unmarshal([]byte(strings.Join(test.Data, "\n")), &r.Timeseries))
@@ -324,19 +272,17 @@ func testRead(t *testing.T) {
 							if err := checkSeriesResult(s, test.ResultSeries); err != nil {
 								t.Fatalf("Series. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
 							}
+						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/query_range"):
+							queryResult := QueryRange{}
+							httpReadStruct(t, testReadHTTPPath, q, &queryResult)
+							if err := checkQueryRangeResult(queryResult, test.ResultQueryRange); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Query Range. %s fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							}
 						case strings.HasPrefix(q, "/api/v1/query"):
 							queryResult := Query{}
 							httpReadStruct(t, testReadHTTPPath, q, &queryResult)
-							gotMetrics, err := queryResult.metrics()
-							if err != nil {
-								t.Fatalf("failed to parse query response: %s", err)
-							}
-							expMetrics, err := test.ResultQuery.metrics()
-							if err != nil {
-								t.Fatalf("failed to parse expected response: %s", err)
-							}
-							if err := checkMetricsResult(gotMetrics, expMetrics); err != nil {
-								t.Fatalf("%q fails with error %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
+							if err := checkQueryResult(queryResult, test.ResultQuery); err != nil {
+								t.Fatalf("Query. %s fails with error: %s.%s", q, err, test.Issue)
 							}
 						default:
 							t.Fatalf("unsupported read query %s", q)
@@ -414,7 +360,6 @@ func httpReadMetrics(t *testing.T, address, query string) []Metric {
 	}
 	return rows
 }
-
 func httpReadStruct(t *testing.T, address, query string, dst interface{}) {
 	t.Helper()
 	s := newSuite(t)
@@ -472,6 +417,60 @@ func removeIfFoundSeries(r map[string]string, contains []map[string]string) []ma
 	return contains
 }

+func checkQueryResult(got, want Query) error {
+	if got.Status != want.Status {
+		return fmt.Errorf("status mismatch %q - %q", want.Status, got.Status)
+	}
+	if got.Data.ResultType != want.Data.ResultType {
+		return fmt.Errorf("result type mismatch %q - %q", want.Data.ResultType, got.Data.ResultType)
+	}
+	wantData := append([]QueryDataResult(nil), want.Data.Result...)
+	for _, r := range got.Data.Result {
+		wantData = removeIfFoundQueryData(r, wantData)
+	}
+	if len(wantData) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected query result %+v not found in %+v", wantData, got.Data.Result)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundQueryData(r QueryDataResult, contains []QueryDataResult) []QueryDataResult {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r.Metric, item.Metric) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Value[0], item.Value[0]) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Value[1], item.Value[1]) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
+func checkQueryRangeResult(got, want QueryRange) error {
+	if got.Status != want.Status {
+		return fmt.Errorf("status mismatch %q - %q", want.Status, got.Status)
+	}
+	if got.Data.ResultType != want.Data.ResultType {
+		return fmt.Errorf("result type mismatch %q - %q", want.Data.ResultType, got.Data.ResultType)
+	}
+	wantData := append([]QueryRangeDataResult(nil), want.Data.Result...)
+	for _, r := range got.Data.Result {
+		wantData = removeIfFoundQueryRangeData(r, wantData)
+	}
+	if len(wantData) > 0 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("expected query range result %+v not found in %+v", wantData, got.Data.Result)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func removeIfFoundQueryRangeData(r QueryRangeDataResult, contains []QueryRangeDataResult) []QueryRangeDataResult {
+	for i, item := range contains {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(r.Metric, item.Metric) && reflect.DeepEqual(r.Values, item.Values) {
+			contains[i] = contains[len(contains)-1]
+			return contains[:len(contains)-1]
+		}
+	}
+	return contains
+}
+
 type suite struct{ t *testing.T }

 func newSuite(t *testing.T) *suite { return &suite{t: t} }
@@ -499,73 +498,3 @@ func (s *suite) greaterThan(a, b int) {
 		s.t.FailNow()
 	}
 }
-
-func TestImportJSONLines(t *testing.T) {
-	f := func(labelsCount, labelLen int) {
-		t.Helper()
-
-		reqURL := fmt.Sprintf("http://localhost%s/api/v1/import", testHTTPListenAddr)
-		line := generateJSONLine(labelsCount, labelLen)
-		req, err := http.NewRequest("POST", reqURL, bytes.NewBufferString(line))
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("cannot create request: %s", err)
-		}
-		resp, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("cannot perform request for labelsCount=%d, labelLen=%d: %s", labelsCount, labelLen, err)
-		}
-		if resp.StatusCode != 204 {
-			t.Fatalf("unexpected statusCode for labelsCount=%d, labelLen=%d; got %d; want 204", labelsCount, labelLen, resp.StatusCode)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// labels with various lengths
-	for i := 0; i < 500; i++ {
-		f(10, i*5)
-	}
-
-	// Too many labels
-	f(1000, 100)
-
-	// Too long labels
-	f(1, 100_000)
-	f(10, 100_000)
-	f(10, 10_000)
-}
-
-func generateJSONLine(labelsCount, labelLen int) string {
-	m := make(map[string]string, labelsCount)
-	m["__name__"] = generateSizedRandomString(labelLen)
-	for j := 1; j < labelsCount; j++ {
-		labelName := generateSizedRandomString(labelLen)
-		labelValue := generateSizedRandomString(labelLen)
-		m[labelName] = labelValue
-	}
-
-	type jsonLine struct {
-		Metric     map[string]string `json:"metric"`
-		Values     []float64         `json:"values"`
-		Timestamps []int64           `json:"timestamps"`
-	}
-	line := &jsonLine{
-		Metric:     m,
-		Values:     []float64{1.34},
-		Timestamps: []int64{time.Now().UnixNano() / 1e6},
-	}
-	data, err := json.Marshal(&line)
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("cannot marshal JSON: %w", err))
-	}
-	data = append(data, '\n')
-	return string(data)
-}
-
-const alphabetSample = `qwertyuiopasdfghjklzxcvbnm`
-
-func generateSizedRandomString(size int) string {
-	dst := make([]byte, size)
-	for i := range dst {
-		dst[i] = alphabetSample[rand.Intn(len(alphabetSample))]
-	}
-	return string(dst)
-}
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/self_scraper.go
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/self_scraper.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/appmetrics"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/decimal"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompb"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/prometheus"
@@ -50,8 +49,16 @@ func selfScraper(scrapeInterval time.Duration) {
 	var mrs []storage.MetricRow
 	var labels []prompb.Label
 	t := time.NewTicker(scrapeInterval)
-	f := func(currentTime time.Time, sendStaleMarkers bool) {
-		currentTimestamp := currentTime.UnixNano() / 1e6
+	var currentTimestamp int64
+	for {
+		select {
+		case <-selfScraperStopCh:
+			t.Stop()
+			logger.Infof("stopped self-scraping `/metrics` page")
+			return
+		case currentTime := <-t.C:
+			currentTimestamp = currentTime.UnixNano() / 1e6
+		}
 		bb.Reset()
 		appmetrics.WritePrometheusMetrics(&bb)
 		s := bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(bb.B)
@@ -76,27 +83,12 @@ func selfScraper(scrapeInterval time.Duration) {
 			mr := &mrs[len(mrs)-1]
 			mr.MetricNameRaw = storage.MarshalMetricNameRaw(mr.MetricNameRaw[:0], labels)
 			mr.Timestamp = currentTimestamp
-			if sendStaleMarkers {
-				mr.Value = decimal.StaleNaN
-			} else {
-				mr.Value = r.Value
-			}
+			mr.Value = r.Value
 		}
 		if err := vmstorage.AddRows(mrs); err != nil {
 			logger.Errorf("cannot store self-scraped metrics: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
-	for {
-		select {
-		case <-selfScraperStopCh:
-			f(time.Now(), true)
-			t.Stop()
-			logger.Infof("stopped self-scraping `/metrics` page")
-			return
-		case currentTime := <-t.C:
-			f(currentTime, false)
-		}
-	}
 }

 func addLabel(dst []prompb.Label, key, value string) []prompb.Label {
@@ -106,7 +98,7 @@ func addLabel(dst []prompb.Label, key, value string) []prompb.Label {
 		dst = append(dst, prompb.Label{})
 	}
 	lb := &dst[len(dst)-1]
-	lb.Name = key
-	lb.Value = value
+	lb.Name = bytesutil.ToUnsafeBytes(key)
+	lb.Value = bytesutil.ToUnsafeBytes(value)
 	return dst
 }
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/test/prom_writter.go
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/test/prom_writter.go
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/comparison-not-inf-not-nan.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/comparison-not-inf-not-nan.json
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
    "not_nan_not_inf;item=y 3 {TIME_S-1m}",
    "not_nan_not_inf;item=y 1 {TIME_S-2m}"],
  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=1/(not_nan_not_inf-1)!=inf!=nan&start={TIME_S-3m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
-  "result_query": {
+  "result_query_range": {
    "status":"success",
    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
      "result":[
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/empty-label-match.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/empty-label-match.json
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
    "empty_label_match;foo=bar 2 {TIME_S-1m}",
    "empty_label_match;foo=baz 3 {TIME_S-1m}"],
  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=empty_label_match{foo=~'bar|'}&start={TIME_S-1m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
-  "result_query": {
+  "result_query_range": {
    "status":"success",
    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
      "result":[
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_set.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_set.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
    "max_lookback_set 4 {TIME_S-150s}"
  ],
  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=max_lookback_set&start={TIME_S-150s}&end={TIME_S}&step=10s&max_lookback=1s"],
-  "result_query": {
+  "result_query_range": {
    "status":"success",
    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
      "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"max_lookback_set"},"values":[
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_unset.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/max_lookback_unset.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
    "max_lookback_unset 4 {TIME_S-150s}"
  ],
  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=max_lookback_unset&start={TIME_S-150s}&end={TIME_S}&step=10s"],
-  "result_query": {
+  "result_query_range": {
    "status":"success",
    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
      "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"max_lookback_unset"},"values":[
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/not-nan-as-missing-data.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/graphite/not-nan-as-missing-data.json
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
    "not_nan_as_missing_data;item=y 3 {TIME_S-1m}"
  ],
  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=not_nan_as_missing_data>1&start={TIME_S-2m}&end={TIME_S}&step=60"],
-  "result_query": {
+  "result_query_range": {
    "status":"success",
    "data":{"resultType":"matrix",
      "result":[
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/instant-matrix.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/instant-matrix.json
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "instant query with look-behind window",
-  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"foo\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS-60s}\"}]}]"],
-  "query": ["/api/v1/query?query=foo[5m]"],
-  "result_query": {
-      "status": "success",
-      "data":{
-        "resultType":"matrix",
-        "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"foo"},"values":[["{TIME_S-60s}", "1"]]}]
-      }
-    }
-}
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/instant-scalar.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/instant-scalar.json
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "instant scalar query",
-  "query": ["/api/v1/query?query=42&time={TIME_S}"],
-  "result_query": {
-      "status": "success",
-      "data":{
-        "resultType":"vector",
-        "result":[{"metric":{},"value":["{TIME_S}", "42"]}]
-      }
-    }
-}
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/issue-5553-too-big-lookback.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/issue-5553-too-big-lookback.json
@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "too big look-behind window",
-  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5553",
-  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"foo\"},{\"name\":\"issue\",\"value\":\"5553\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS-60s}\"}]}]"],
-  "query": ["/api/v1/query?query=foo{issue=\"5553\"}[100y]"],
-  "result_query": {
-      "status": "success",
-      "data":{
-        "resultType":"matrix",
-        "result":[{"metric":{"__name__":"foo", "issue": "5553"},"values":[["{TIME_S-60s}", "1"]]}]
-      }
-    }
-}
--- a/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/query-range.json
+++ b/app/victoria-metrics/testdata/prometheus/query-range.json
@@ -1,18 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "name": "query range",
-  "issue": "https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5553",
-  "data": ["[{\"labels\":[{\"name\":\"__name__\",\"value\":\"bar\"}],\"samples\":[{\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS-60s}\"}, {\"value\":2,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS-120s}\"}, {\"value\":1,\"timestamp\":\"{TIME_MS-180s}\"}]}]"],
-  "query": ["/api/v1/query_range?query=bar&step=30s&start={TIME_MS-180s}"],
-  "result_query": {
-      "status": "success",
-      "data":{
-        "resultType":"matrix",
-        "result":[
-          {
-            "metric":{"__name__":"bar"},
-            "values":[["{TIME_S-180s}", "1"],["{TIME_S-150s}", "1"],["{TIME_S-120s}", "2"],["{TIME_S-90s}", "2"], ["{TIME_S-60s}", "1"], ["{TIME_S-30s}", "1"], ["{TIME_S}", "1"]]
-          }
-        ]
-      }
-    }
-}
--- a/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch.go
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func RequestHandler(path string, w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		vlstorage.MustAddRows(lr)
 		logstorage.PutLogRows(lr)
 		if err != nil {
-			logger.Warnf("cannot decode log message #%d in /_bulk request: %s, stream fields: %s", n, err, cp.StreamFields)
+			logger.Warnf("cannot decode log message #%d in /_bulk request: %s", n, err)
 			return true
 		}

--- a/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_test.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_test.go
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@ func compressData(s string) string {
 	var bb bytes.Buffer
 	zw := gzip.NewWriter(&bb)
 	if _, err := zw.Write([]byte(s)); err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when compressing data: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when compressing data: %s", err))
 	}
 	if err := zw.Close(); err != nil {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when closing gzip writer: %w", err))
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error when closing gzip writer: %s", err))
 	}
 	return bb.String()
 }
--- a/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_timing_test.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/elasticsearch/elasticsearch_timing_test.go
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func benchmarkReadBulkRequest(b *testing.B, isGzip bool) {
 			r.Reset(dataBytes)
 			_, err := readBulkRequest(r, isGzip, timeField, msgField, processLogMessage)
 			if err != nil {
-				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %w", err))
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %s", err))
 			}
 		}
 	})
--- a/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_json_timing_test.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_json_timing_test.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func benchmarkParseJSONRequest(b *testing.B, streams, rows, labels int) {
 		for pb.Next() {
 			_, err := parseJSONRequest(data, func(timestamp int64, fields []logstorage.Field) {})
 			if err != nil {
-				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %w", err))
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %s", err))
 			}
 		}
 	})
--- a/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_protobuf.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_protobuf.go
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func parseProtobufRequest(data []byte, processLogMessage func(timestamp int64, f

 	err = req.Unmarshal(bb.B)
 	if err != nil {
-		return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse request body: %w", err)
+		return 0, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse request body: %s", err)
 	}

 	var commonFields []logstorage.Field
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ func parseProtobufRequest(data []byte, processLogMessage func(timestamp int64, f
 		// Labels are same for all entries in the stream.
 		commonFields, err = parsePromLabels(commonFields[:0], stream.Labels)
 		if err != nil {
-			return rowsIngested, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse stream labels %q: %w", stream.Labels, err)
+			return rowsIngested, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse stream labels %q: %s", stream.Labels, err)
 		}
 		fields := commonFields

--- a/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_protobuf_timing_test.go
+++ b/app/vlinsert/loki/loki_protobuf_timing_test.go
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ func benchmarkParseProtobufRequest(b *testing.B, streams, rows, labels int) {
 		for pb.Next() {
 			_, err := parseProtobufRequest(body, func(timestamp int64, fields []logstorage.Field) {})
 			if err != nil {
-				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %w", err))
+				panic(fmt.Errorf("unexpected error: %s", err))
 			}
 		}
 	})
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/asset-manifest.json
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/asset-manifest.json
@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@
 {
  "files": {
-    "main.css": "./static/css/main.1e22ee10.css",
-    "main.js": "./static/js/main.92cf3903.js",
-    "static/js/522.da77e7b3.chunk.js": "./static/js/522.da77e7b3.chunk.js",
-    "static/media/MetricsQL.md": "./static/media/MetricsQL.48b7b7105a48d7775f01.md",
+    "main.css": "./static/css/main.9a224445.css",
+    "main.js": "./static/js/main.02178f4b.js",
+    "static/js/522.b5ae4365.chunk.js": "./static/js/522.b5ae4365.chunk.js",
+    "static/media/MetricsQL.md": "./static/media/MetricsQL.957b90ab4cb4852eec26.md",
    "index.html": "./index.html"
  },
  "entrypoints": [
-    "static/css/main.1e22ee10.css",
-    "static/js/main.92cf3903.js"
+    "static/css/main.9a224445.css",
+    "static/js/main.02178f4b.js"
  ]
 }
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/favicon.ico
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/favicon.ico
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/index.html
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/index.html
@@ -1 +1 @@
-<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="icon" href="./favicon.ico"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=5"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta name="description" content="UI for VictoriaMetrics"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="./apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="./favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="manifest" href="./manifest.json"/><title>VM UI</title><script src="./dashboards/index.js" type="module"></script><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:image" content="./preview.jpg"><meta name="twitter:title" content="UI for VictoriaMetrics"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Explore and troubleshoot your VictoriaMetrics data"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@VictoriaMetrics"><meta property="og:title" content="Metric explorer for VictoriaMetrics"><meta property="og:description" content="Explore and troubleshoot your VictoriaMetrics data"><meta property="og:image" content="./preview.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><script defer="defer" src="./static/js/main.92cf3903.js"></script><link href="./static/css/main.1e22ee10.css" rel="stylesheet"></head><body><noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript><div id="root"></div></body></html>
+<!doctype html><html lang="en"><head><meta charset="utf-8"/><link rel="icon" href="./favicon.ico"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=5"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#000000"/><meta name="description" content="UI for VictoriaMetrics"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="./apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="./favicon-32x32.png"><link rel="manifest" href="./manifest.json"/><title>VM UI</title><script src="./dashboards/index.js" type="module"></script><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><meta name="twitter:image" content="./preview.jpg"><meta name="twitter:title" content="UI for VictoriaMetrics"><meta name="twitter:description" content="Explore and troubleshoot your VictoriaMetrics data"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@VictoriaMetrics"><meta property="og:title" content="Metric explorer for VictoriaMetrics"><meta property="og:description" content="Explore and troubleshoot your VictoriaMetrics data"><meta property="og:image" content="./preview.jpg"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><script defer="defer" src="./static/js/main.02178f4b.js"></script><link href="./static/css/main.9a224445.css" rel="stylesheet"></head><body><noscript>You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.</noscript><div id="root"></div></body></html>
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/css/main.1e22ee10.css
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/css/main.1e22ee10.css
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/css/main.9a224445.css
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/css/main.9a224445.css
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/522.b5ae4365.chunk.js
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/522.b5ae4365.chunk.js
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.02178f4b.js
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.02178f4b.js
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.02178f4b.js.LICENSE.txt
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.02178f4b.js.LICENSE.txt
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 /*! regenerator-runtime -- Copyright (c) 2014-present, Facebook, Inc. -- license (MIT): https://github.com/facebook/regenerator/blob/main/LICENSE */

 /**
- * @remix-run/router v1.10.0
+ * @remix-run/router v1.7.2
 *
 * Copyright (c) Remix Software Inc.
 *
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 */

 /**
- * React Router DOM v6.17.0
+ * React Router DOM v6.14.2
 *
 * Copyright (c) Remix Software Inc.
 *
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 */

 /**
- * React Router v6.17.0
+ * React Router v6.14.2
 *
 * Copyright (c) Remix Software Inc.
 *
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.92cf3903.js
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/js/main.92cf3903.js
--- a/app/vlselect/vmui/static/media/MetricsQL.957b90ab4cb4852eec26.md
+++ b/app/vlselect/vmui/static/media/MetricsQL.957b90ab4cb4852eec26.md
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 ---
-sort: 23
-weight: 23
+sort: 14
+weight: 14
 title: MetricsQL
 menu:
  docs:
-    parent: 'victoriametrics'
-    weight: 23
+    parent: "victoriametrics"
+    weight: 14
 aliases:
 - /ExtendedPromQL.html
 - /MetricsQL.html
@@ -21,8 +21,7 @@ However, there are some [intentional differences](https://medium.com/@romanhavro

 [Standalone MetricsQL package](https://godoc.org/github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metricsql) can be used for parsing MetricsQL in external apps.

-If you are unfamiliar with PromQL, then it is suggested reading [this tutorial for beginners](https://medium.com/@valyala/promql-tutorial-for-beginners-9ab455142085)
-and introduction into [basic querying via MetricsQL](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#metricsql).
+If you are unfamiliar with PromQL, then it is suggested reading [this tutorial for beginners](https://medium.com/@valyala/promql-tutorial-for-beginners-9ab455142085).

 The following functionality is implemented differently in MetricsQL compared to PromQL. This improves user experience:

@@ -110,7 +109,7 @@ The list of MetricsQL features on top of PromQL:
 * [histogram_quantile](#histogram_quantile) accepts optional third arg - `boundsLabel`.
  In this case it returns `lower` and `upper` bounds for the estimated percentile.
  See [this issue for details](https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/issues/5706).
-* `default` binary operator. `q1 default q2` fills gaps in `q1` with the corresponding values from `q2`. See also [drop_empty_series](#drop_empty_series).
+* `default` binary operator. `q1 default q2` fills gaps in `q1` with the corresponding values from `q2`.
 * `if` binary operator. `q1 if q2` removes values from `q1` for missing values from `q2`.
 * `ifnot` binary operator. `q1 ifnot q2` removes values from `q1` for existing values from `q2`.
 * `WITH` templates. This feature simplifies writing and managing complex queries.
@@ -532,7 +531,7 @@ See also [duration_over_time](#duration_over_time) and [lag](#lag).
 `mad_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which calculates [median absolute deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median_absolute_deviation)
 over raw samples on the given lookbehind window `d` per each time series returned from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

-See also [mad](#mad), [range_mad](#range_mad) and [outlier_iqr_over_time](#outlier_iqr_over_time).
+See also [mad](#mad) and [range_mad](#range_mad).

 #### max_over_time

@@ -562,18 +561,6 @@ This function is supported by PromQL. See also [tmin_over_time](#tmin_over_time)
 for raw samples on the given lookbehind window `d`. It is calculated individually per each time series returned
 from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering). It is expected that raw sample values are discrete.

-#### outlier_iqr_over_time
-
-`outlier_iqr_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the last sample on the given lookbehind window `d`
-if its value is either smaller than the `q25-1.5*iqr` or bigger than `q75+1.5*iqr` where:
- `iqr` is an [Interquartile range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interquartile_range) over raw samples on the lookbehind window `d`
- `q25` and `q75` are 25th and 75th [percentiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) over raw samples on the lookbehind window `d`.
-
-The `outlier_iqr_over_time()` is useful for detecting anomalies in gauge values based on the previous history of values.
-For example, `outlier_iqr_over_time(memory_usage_bytes[1h])` triggers when `memory_usage_bytes` suddenly goes outside the usual value range for the last 24 hours.
-
-See also [outliers_iqr](#outliers_iqr).
-
 #### predict_linear

 `predict_linear(series_selector[d], t)` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which calculates the value `t` seconds in the future using
@@ -810,7 +797,7 @@ Metric names are stripped from the resulting rollups. Add [keep_metric_names](#k

 #### timestamp

-`timestamp(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the last raw sample
+`timestamp(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the last raw sample
 on the given lookbehind window `d` per each time series returned from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

 Metric names are stripped from the resulting rollups. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.
@@ -819,7 +806,7 @@ This function is supported by PromQL. See also [timestamp_with_name](#timestamp_

 #### timestamp_with_name

-`timestamp_with_name(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the last raw sample
+`timestamp_with_name(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the last raw sample
 on the given lookbehind window `d` per each time series returned from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

 Metric names are preserved in the resulting rollups.
@@ -828,7 +815,7 @@ See also [timestamp](#timestamp).

 #### tfirst_over_time

-`tfirst_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the first raw sample
+`tfirst_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the first raw sample
 on the given lookbehind window `d` per each time series returned from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

 Metric names are stripped from the resulting rollups. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.
@@ -837,7 +824,7 @@ See also [first_over_time](#first_over_time).

 #### tlast_change_over_time

-`tlast_change_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the last change
+`tlast_change_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the last change
 per each time series returned from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering) on the given lookbehind window `d`.

 Metric names are stripped from the resulting rollups. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.
@@ -852,7 +839,7 @@ See also [tlast_change_over_time](#tlast_change_over_time).

 #### tmax_over_time

-`tmax_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the raw sample
+`tmax_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the raw sample
 with the maximum value on the given lookbehind window `d`. It is calculated independently per each time series returned
 from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

@@ -862,7 +849,7 @@ See also [max_over_time](#max_over_time).

 #### tmin_over_time

-`tmin_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds with millisecond precision for the raw sample
+`tmin_over_time(series_selector[d])` is a [rollup function](#rollup-functions), which returns the timestamp in seconds for the raw sample
 with the minimum value on the given lookbehind window `d`. It is calculated independently per each time series returned
 from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.html#filtering).

@@ -878,7 +865,7 @@ from the given [series_selector](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/keyConcepts.ht

 Metric names are stripped from the resulting rollups. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.

-See also [zscore](#zscore), [range_trim_zscore](#range_trim_zscore) and [outlier_iqr_over_time](#outlier_iqr_over_time).
+See also [zscore](#zscore) and [range_trim_zscore](#range_trim_zscore).


 ### Transform functions
@@ -1029,7 +1016,7 @@ for every point of every time series returned by `q`.

 Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.

-This function is supported by PromQL. See also [acosh](#acosh).
+This function is supported by PromQL. This function is supported by PromQL. See also [acosh](#acosh).

 #### day_of_month

@@ -1049,15 +1036,6 @@ Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#ke

 This function is supported by PromQL.

-#### day_of_year
-
-`day_of_year(q)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which returns the day of year for every point of every time series returned by `q`.
-It is expected that `q` returns unix timestamps. The returned values are in the range `[1...365]` for non-leap years, and `[1 to 366]` in leap years.
-
-Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#keep_metric_names) modifier in order to keep metric names.
-
-This function is supported by PromQL.
-
 #### days_in_month

 `days_in_month(q)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which returns the number of days in the month identified
@@ -1077,17 +1055,6 @@ Metric names are stripped from the resulting series. Add [keep_metric_names](#ke

 This function is supported by PromQL. See also [rad](#rad).

-#### drop_empty_series
-
-`drop_empty_series(q)` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which drops empty series from `q`.
-
-This function can be used when `default` operator should be applied only to non-empty series. For example,
-`drop_empty_series(temperature < 30) default 42` returns series, which have at least a single sample smaller than 30 on the selected time range,
-while filling gaps in the returned series with 42.
-
-On the other hand `(temperature < 30) default 40` returns all the `temperature` series, even if they have no samples smaller than 30,
-by replacing all the values bigger or equal to 30 with 40.
-
 #### end

 `end()` is a [transform function](#transform-functions), which returns the unix timestamp in seconds for the last point.
@@ -1624,7 +1591,7 @@ which maps `label` values from `src_*` to `dst*` for all the time series returne
 which drops time series from `q` with `label` not matching the given `regexp`.
 This function can be useful after [rollup](#rollup)-like functions, which may return multiple time series for every input series.

-See also [label_mismatch](#label_mismatch) and [labels_equal](#labels_equal).
+See also [label_mismatch](#label_mismatch).

 #### label_mismatch

@@ -1632,7 +1599,7 @@ See also [label_mismatch](#label_mismatch) and [labels_equal](#labels_equal).
 which drops time series from `q` with `label` matching the given `regexp`.
 This function can be useful after [rollup](#rollup)-like functions, which may return multiple time series for every input series.

-See also [label_match](#label_match) and [labels_equal](#labels_equal).
+See also [label_match](#label_match).

 #### label_move

@@ -1675,30 +1642,23 @@ for the given `label` for every time series returned by `q`.
 For example, if `label_value(foo, "bar")` is applied to `foo{bar="1.234"}`, then it will return a time series
 `foo{bar="1.234"}` with `1.234` value. Function will return no data for non-numeric label values.

-#### labels_equal
-
-`labels_equal(q, "label1", "label2", ...)` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which returns `q` series with identical values for the listed labels
-"label1", "label2", etc.
-
-See also [label_match](#label_match) and [label_mismatch](#label_mismatch).
-
 #### sort_by_label

-`sort_by_label(q, "label1", ... "labelN")` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in ascending order by the given set of labels.
+`sort_by_label(q, label1, ... labelN)` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in ascending order by the given set of labels.
 For example, `sort_by_label(foo, "bar")` would sort `foo` series by values of the label `bar` in these series.

 See also [sort_by_label_desc](#sort_by_label_desc) and [sort_by_label_numeric](#sort_by_label_numeric).

 #### sort_by_label_desc

-`sort_by_label_desc(q, "label1", ... "labelN")` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in descending order by the given set of labels.
+`sort_by_label_desc(q, label1, ... labelN)` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in descending order by the given set of labels.
 For example, `sort_by_label(foo, "bar")` would sort `foo` series by values of the label `bar` in these series.

 See also [sort_by_label](#sort_by_label) and [sort_by_label_numeric_desc](#sort_by_label_numeric_desc).

 #### sort_by_label_numeric

-`sort_by_label_numeric(q, "label1", ... "labelN")` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in ascending order by the given set of labels
+`sort_by_label_numeric(q, label1, ... labelN)` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in ascending order by the given set of labels
 using [numeric sort](https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Version-sort-is-not-the-same-as-numeric-sort.html).
 For example, if `foo` series have `bar` label with values `1`, `101`, `15` and `2`, then `sort_by_label_numeric(foo, "bar")` would return series
 in the following order of `bar` label values: `1`, `2`, `15` and `101`.
@@ -1707,7 +1667,7 @@ See also [sort_by_label_numeric_desc](#sort_by_label_numeric_desc) and [sort_by_

 #### sort_by_label_numeric_desc

-`sort_by_label_numeric_desc(q, "label1", ... "labelN")` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in descending order
+`sort_by_label_numeric_desc(q, label1, ... labelN)` is [label manipulation function](#label-manipulation-functions), which sorts series in descending order
 by the given set of labels using [numeric sort](https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/Version-sort-is-not-the-same-as-numeric-sort.html).
 For example, if `foo` series have `bar` label with values `1`, `101`, `15` and `2`, then `sort_by_label_numeric(foo, "bar")`
 would return series in the following order of `bar` label values: `101`, `15`, `2` and `1`.
@@ -1879,33 +1839,20 @@ This function is supported by PromQL.
 `mode(q) by (group_labels)` is [aggregate function](#aggregate-functions), which returns [mode](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mode_(statistics))
 per each `group_labels` for all the time series returned by `q`. The aggregate is calculated individually per each group of points with the same timestamp.

-#### outliers_iqr
-
-`outliers_iqr(q)` is [aggregate function](#aggregate-functions), which returns time series from `q` with at least a single point
-outside e.g. [Interquartile range outlier bounds](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interquartile_range) `[q25-1.5*iqr .. q75+1.5*iqr]`
-comparing to other time series at the given point, where:
- `iqr` is an [Interquartile range](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interquartile_range) calculated independently per each point on the graph across `q` series.
- `q25` and `q75` are 25th and 75th [percentiles](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentile) calculated independently per each point on the graph across `q` series.
-
-The `outliers_iqr()` is useful for detecting anomalous series in the group of series. For example, `outliers_iqr(temperature) by (country)` returns
-per-country series with anomalous outlier values comparing to the rest of per-country series.
-
-See also [outliers_mad](#outliers_mad), [outliersk](#outliersk) and [outlier_iqr_over_time](#outlier_iqr_over_time).
-
 #### outliers_mad

 `outliers_mad(tolerance, q)` is [aggregate function](#aggregate-functions), which returns time series from `q` with at least
 a single point outside [Median absolute deviation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Median_absolute_deviation) (aka MAD) multiplied by `tolerance`.
 E.g. it returns time series with at least a single point below `median(q) - mad(q)` or a single point above `median(q) + mad(q)`.

-See also [outliers_iqr](#outliers_iqr), [outliersk](#outliersk) and [mad](#mad).
+See also [outliersk](#outliersk) and [mad](#mad).

 #### outliersk

 `outliersk(k, q)` is [aggregate function](#aggregate-functions), which returns up to `k` time series with the biggest standard deviation (aka outliers)
 out of time series returned by `q`.

-See also [outliers_iqr](#outliers_iqr) and [outliers_mad](#outliers_mad).
+See also [outliers_mad](#outliers_mad).

 #### quantile

@@ -2025,7 +1972,7 @@ See also [bottomk_min](#bottomk_min).
 per each `group_labels` for all the time series returned by `q`. The aggregate is calculated individually per each group of points with the same timestamp.
 This function is useful for detecting anomalies in the group of related time series.

-See also [zscore_over_time](#zscore_over_time), [range_trim_zscore](#range_trim_zscore) and [outliers_iqr](#outliers_iqr).
+See also [zscore_over_time](#zscore_over_time) and [range_trim_zscore](#range_trim_zscore).

 ## Subqueries

--- a/app/vmagent/README.md
+++ b/app/vmagent/README.md
--- a/app/vmagent/csvimport/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/csvimport/request_handler.go
@@ -65,9 +65,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.L
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(len(rows))
--- a/app/vmagent/datadogv1/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/datadogv1/request_handler.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package datadogv1
+package datadog

 import (
 	"net/http"
@@ -8,32 +8,33 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogv1"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogv1/stream"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadog"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadog/stream"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/tenantmetrics"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 )

 var (
-	rowsInserted       = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="datadogv1"}`)
-	rowsTenantInserted = tenantmetrics.NewCounterMap(`vmagent_tenant_inserted_rows_total{type="datadogv1"}`)
-	rowsPerInsert      = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="datadogv1"}`)
+	rowsInserted       = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="datadog"}`)
+	rowsTenantInserted = tenantmetrics.NewCounterMap(`vmagent_tenant_inserted_rows_total{type="datadog"}`)
+	rowsPerInsert      = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="datadog"}`)
 )

 // InsertHandlerForHTTP processes remote write for DataDog POST /api/v1/series request.
+//
+// See https://docs.datadoghq.com/api/latest/metrics/#submit-metrics
 func InsertHandlerForHTTP(at *auth.Token, req *http.Request) error {
 	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
 	ce := req.Header.Get("Content-Encoding")
-	return stream.Parse(req.Body, ce, func(series []datadogv1.Series) error {
+	return stream.Parse(req.Body, ce, func(series []datadog.Series) error {
 		return insertRows(at, series, extraLabels)
 	})
 }

-func insertRows(at *auth.Token, series []datadogv1.Series, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
+func insertRows(at *auth.Token, series []datadog.Series, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
 	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
 	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)

@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, series []datadogv1.Series, extraLabels []prompbm
 			})
 		}
 		for _, tag := range ss.Tags {
-			name, value := datadogutils.SplitTag(tag)
+			name, value := datadog.SplitTag(tag)
 			if name == "host" {
 				name = "exported_host"
 			}
@@ -87,9 +88,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, series []datadogv1.Series, extraLabels []prompbm
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
--- a/app/vmagent/datadogsketches/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/datadogsketches/request_handler.go
@@ -1,95 +0,0 @@
-package datadogsketches
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogsketches"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogsketches/stream"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/tenantmetrics"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
-)
-
-var (
-	rowsInserted       = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="datadogsketches"}`)
-	rowsTenantInserted = tenantmetrics.NewCounterMap(`vmagent_tenant_inserted_rows_total{type="datadogsketches"}`)
-	rowsPerInsert      = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="datadogsketches"}`)
-)
-
-// InsertHandlerForHTTP processes remote write for DataDog POST /api/beta/sketches request.
-func InsertHandlerForHTTP(at *auth.Token, req *http.Request) error {
-	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	ce := req.Header.Get("Content-Encoding")
-	return stream.Parse(req.Body, ce, func(sketches []*datadogsketches.Sketch) error {
-		return insertRows(at, sketches, extraLabels)
-	})
-}
-
-func insertRows(at *auth.Token, sketches []*datadogsketches.Sketch, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
-	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
-	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
-
-	rowsTotal := 0
-	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
-	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
-	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
-	for _, sketch := range sketches {
-		ms := sketch.ToSummary()
-		for _, m := range ms {
-			labelsLen := len(labels)
-			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-				Name:  "__name__",
-				Value: m.Name,
-			})
-			for _, label := range m.Labels {
-				labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-					Name:  label.Name,
-					Value: label.Value,
-				})
-			}
-			for _, tag := range sketch.Tags {
-				name, value := datadogutils.SplitTag(tag)
-				if name == "host" {
-					name = "exported_host"
-				}
-				labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-					Name:  name,
-					Value: value,
-				})
-			}
-			labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
-			samplesLen := len(samples)
-			for _, p := range m.Points {
-				samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
-					Timestamp: p.Timestamp,
-					Value:     p.Value,
-				})
-			}
-			rowsTotal += len(m.Points)
-			tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
-				Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
-				Samples: samples[samplesLen:],
-			})
-		}
-	}
-	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
-	ctx.Labels = labels
-	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
-	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
-	if at != nil {
-		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
-	}
-	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsTotal))
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/vmagent/datadogv2/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/datadogv2/request_handler.go
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-package datadogv2
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
-	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogutils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogv2"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/datadogv2/stream"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/tenantmetrics"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
-)
-
-var (
-	rowsInserted       = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_rows_inserted_total{type="datadogv2"}`)
-	rowsTenantInserted = tenantmetrics.NewCounterMap(`vmagent_tenant_inserted_rows_total{type="datadogv2"}`)
-	rowsPerInsert      = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_rows_per_insert{type="datadogv2"}`)
-)
-
-// InsertHandlerForHTTP processes remote write for DataDog POST /api/v2/series request.
-//
-// See https://docs.datadoghq.com/api/latest/metrics/#submit-metrics
-func InsertHandlerForHTTP(at *auth.Token, req *http.Request) error {
-	extraLabels, err := parserCommon.GetExtraLabels(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	ct := req.Header.Get("Content-Type")
-	ce := req.Header.Get("Content-Encoding")
-	return stream.Parse(req.Body, ce, ct, func(series []datadogv2.Series) error {
-		return insertRows(at, series, extraLabels)
-	})
-}
-
-func insertRows(at *auth.Token, series []datadogv2.Series, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.Label) error {
-	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
-	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)
-
-	rowsTotal := 0
-	tssDst := ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries[:0]
-	labels := ctx.Labels[:0]
-	samples := ctx.Samples[:0]
-	for i := range series {
-		ss := &series[i]
-		rowsTotal += len(ss.Points)
-		labelsLen := len(labels)
-		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-			Name:  "__name__",
-			Value: ss.Metric,
-		})
-		for _, rs := range ss.Resources {
-			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-				Name:  rs.Type,
-				Value: rs.Name,
-			})
-		}
-		if ss.SourceTypeName != "" {
-			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-				Name:  "source_type_name",
-				Value: ss.SourceTypeName,
-			})
-		}
-		for _, tag := range ss.Tags {
-			name, value := datadogutils.SplitTag(tag)
-			if name == "host" {
-				name = "exported_host"
-			}
-			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-				Name:  name,
-				Value: value,
-			})
-		}
-		labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
-		samplesLen := len(samples)
-		for _, pt := range ss.Points {
-			samples = append(samples, prompbmarshal.Sample{
-				Timestamp: pt.Timestamp * 1000,
-				Value:     pt.Value,
-			})
-		}
-		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
-			Labels:  labels[labelsLen:],
-			Samples: samples[samplesLen:],
-		})
-	}
-	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
-	ctx.Labels = labels
-	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
-	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
-	if at != nil {
-		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
-	}
-	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(rowsTotal))
-	return nil
-}
--- a/app/vmagent/graphite/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/graphite/request_handler.go
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	parser "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/graphite"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/graphite/stream"
@@ -21,12 +20,10 @@ var (
 //
 // See https://graphite.readthedocs.io/en/latest/feeding-carbon.html#the-plaintext-protocol
 func InsertHandler(r io.Reader) error {
-	return stream.Parse(r, false, func(rows []parser.Row) error {
-		return insertRows(nil, rows)
-	})
+	return stream.Parse(r, insertRows)
 }

-func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row) error {
+func insertRows(rows []parser.Row) error {
 	ctx := common.GetPushCtx()
 	defer common.PutPushCtx(ctx)

@@ -59,9 +56,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row) error {
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(nil, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
 	return nil
--- a/app/vmagent/influx/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/influx/request_handler.go
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ var (
 // InsertHandlerForReader processes remote write for influx line protocol.
 //
 // See https://github.com/influxdata/telegraf/tree/master/plugins/inputs/socket_listener/
-func InsertHandlerForReader(at *auth.Token, r io.Reader, isGzipped bool) error {
+func InsertHandlerForReader(r io.Reader, isGzipped bool) error {
 	return stream.Parse(r, isGzipped, "", "", func(db string, rows []parser.Row) error {
-		return insertRows(at, db, rows, nil)
+		return insertRows(nil, db, rows, nil)
 	})
 }

@@ -130,9 +130,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, db string, rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prom
 	ctx.ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.ctx.Samples = samples
 	ctx.commonLabels = commonLabels
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
--- a/app/vmagent/main.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/main.go
@@ -11,10 +11,10 @@ import (
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/csvimport"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/datadogsketches"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/datadogv1"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/datadogv2"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/datadog"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/graphite"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/influx"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/native"
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promscrape"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/pushmetrics"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/streamaggr"
 )

 var (
-	httpListenAddrs = flagutil.NewArrayString("httpListenAddr", "TCP address to listen for incoming http requests. "+
+	httpListenAddr = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8429", "TCP address to listen for http connections. "+
 		"Set this flag to empty value in order to disable listening on any port. This mode may be useful for running multiple vmagent instances on the same server. "+
-		"Note that /targets and /metrics pages aren't available if -httpListenAddr=''. See also -tls and -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
-	useProxyProtocol = flagutil.NewArrayBool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at the corresponding -httpListenAddr . "+
+		"Note that /targets and /metrics pages aren't available if -httpListenAddr=''. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
+	useProxyProtocol = flag.Bool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", false, "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at -httpListenAddr . "+
 		"See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt . "+
 		"With enabled proxy protocol http server cannot serve regular /metrics endpoint. Use -pushmetrics.url for metrics pushing")
 	influxListenAddr = flag.String("influxListenAddr", "", "TCP and UDP address to listen for InfluxDB line protocol data. Usually :8089 must be set. Doesn't work if empty. "+
@@ -70,8 +70,7 @@ var (
 		"See also -opentsdbHTTPListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
 	opentsdbHTTPUseProxyProtocol = flag.Bool("opentsdbHTTPListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", false, "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted "+
 		"at -opentsdbHTTPListenAddr . See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt")
-	configAuthKey = flagutil.NewPassword("configAuthKey", "Authorization key for accessing /config page. It must be passed via authKey query arg")
-	reloadAuthKey = flagutil.NewPassword("reloadAuthKey", "Auth key for /-/reload http endpoint. It must be passed as authKey=...")
+	configAuthKey = flag.String("configAuthKey", "", "Authorization key for accessing /config page. It must be passed via authKey query arg")
 	dryRun        = flag.Bool("dryRun", false, "Whether to check config files without running vmagent. The following files are checked: "+
 		"-promscrape.config, -remoteWrite.relabelConfig, -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig, -remoteWrite.streamAggr.config . "+
 		"Unknown config entries aren't allowed in -promscrape.config by default. This can be changed by passing -promscrape.config.strictParse=false command-line flag")
@@ -98,6 +97,7 @@ func main() {
 	remotewrite.InitSecretFlags()
 	buildinfo.Init()
 	logger.Init()
+	pushmetrics.Init()

 	if promscrape.IsDryRun() {
 		if err := promscrape.CheckConfig(); err != nil {
@@ -120,17 +120,13 @@ func main() {
 		return
 	}

-	listenAddrs := *httpListenAddrs
-	if len(listenAddrs) == 0 {
-		listenAddrs = []string{":8429"}
-	}
-	logger.Infof("starting vmagent at %q...", listenAddrs)
+	logger.Infof("starting vmagent at %q...", *httpListenAddr)
 	startTime := time.Now()
 	remotewrite.Init()
 	common.StartUnmarshalWorkers()
 	if len(*influxListenAddr) > 0 {
 		influxServer = influxserver.MustStart(*influxListenAddr, *influxUseProxyProtocol, func(r io.Reader) error {
-			return influx.InsertHandlerForReader(nil, r, false)
+			return influx.InsertHandlerForReader(r, false)
 		})
 	}
 	if len(*graphiteListenAddr) > 0 {
@@ -145,22 +141,24 @@ func main() {
 		opentsdbhttpServer = opentsdbhttpserver.MustStart(*opentsdbHTTPListenAddr, *opentsdbHTTPUseProxyProtocol, httpInsertHandler)
 	}

-	promscrape.Init(remotewrite.PushDropSamplesOnFailure)
+	promscrape.Init(remotewrite.Push)

-	go httpserver.Serve(listenAddrs, useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
+	if len(*httpListenAddr) > 0 {
+		go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, *useProxyProtocol, requestHandler)
+	}
 	logger.Infof("started vmagent in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())

-	pushmetrics.Init()
 	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
 	logger.Infof("received signal %s", sig)
-	pushmetrics.Stop()

 	startTime = time.Now()
-	logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", listenAddrs)
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(listenAddrs); err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
+	if len(*httpListenAddr) > 0 {
+		logger.Infof("gracefully shutting down webservice at %q", *httpListenAddr)
+		if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
+			logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
+		}
+		logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())
 	}
-	logger.Infof("successfully shut down the webservice in %.3f seconds", time.Since(startTime).Seconds())

 	promscrape.Stop()

@@ -231,6 +229,7 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 			{"metric-relabel-debug", "debug metric relabeling"},
 			{"api/v1/targets", "advanced information about discovered targets in JSON format"},
 			{"config", "-promscrape.config contents"},
+			{"stream-agg", "streaming aggregation status"},
 			{"metrics", "available service metrics"},
 			{"flags", "command-line flags"},
 			{"-/reload", "reload configuration"},
@@ -347,20 +346,9 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
 		return true
 	case "/datadog/api/v1/series":
-		datadogv1WriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogv1.InsertHandlerForHTTP(nil, r); err != nil {
-			datadogv1WriteErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
-		}
-		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-		w.WriteHeader(202)
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
-		return true
-	case "/datadog/api/v2/series":
-		datadogv2WriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogv2.InsertHandlerForHTTP(nil, r); err != nil {
-			datadogv2WriteErrors.Inc()
+		datadogWriteRequests.Inc()
+		if err := datadog.InsertHandlerForHTTP(nil, r); err != nil {
+			datadogWriteErrors.Inc()
 			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
 			return true
 		}
@@ -369,15 +357,6 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		w.WriteHeader(202)
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
 		return true
-	case "/datadog/api/beta/sketches":
-		datadogsketchesWriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogsketches.InsertHandlerForHTTP(nil, r); err != nil {
-			datadogsketchesWriteErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(202)
-		return true
 	case "/datadog/api/v1/validate":
 		datadogValidateRequests.Inc()
 		// See https://docs.datadoghq.com/api/latest/authentication/#validate-api-key
@@ -432,7 +411,7 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		}
 		return true
 	case "/prometheus/config", "/config":
-		if !httpserver.CheckAuthFlag(w, r, configAuthKey.Get(), "configAuthKey") {
+		if !httpserver.CheckAuthFlag(w, r, *configAuthKey, "configAuthKey") {
 			return true
 		}
 		promscrapeConfigRequests.Inc()
@@ -441,7 +420,7 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		return true
 	case "/prometheus/api/v1/status/config", "/api/v1/status/config":
 		// See https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/api/#config
-		if !httpserver.CheckAuthFlag(w, r, configAuthKey.Get(), "configAuthKey") {
+		if !httpserver.CheckAuthFlag(w, r, *configAuthKey, "configAuthKey") {
 			return true
 		}
 		promscrapeStatusConfigRequests.Inc()
@@ -451,13 +430,13 @@ func requestHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"success","data":{"yaml":%q}}`, bb.B)
 		return true
 	case "/prometheus/-/reload", "/-/reload":
-		if !httpserver.CheckAuthFlag(w, r, reloadAuthKey.Get(), "reloadAuthKey") {
-			return true
-		}
 		promscrapeConfigReloadRequests.Inc()
 		procutil.SelfSIGHUP()
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
 		return true
+	case "/stream-agg":
+		streamaggr.WriteHumanReadableState(w, r, remotewrite.GetAggregators())
+		return true
 	case "/ready":
 		if rdy := atomic.LoadInt32(&promscrape.PendingScrapeConfigs); rdy > 0 {
 			errMsg := fmt.Sprintf("waiting for scrapes to init, left: %d", rdy)
@@ -593,19 +572,9 @@ func processMultitenantRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, path stri
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
 		return true
 	case "datadog/api/v1/series":
-		datadogv1WriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogv1.InsertHandlerForHTTP(at, r); err != nil {
-			datadogv1WriteErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(202)
-		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
-		return true
-	case "datadog/api/v2/series":
-		datadogv2WriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogv2.InsertHandlerForHTTP(at, r); err != nil {
-			datadogv2WriteErrors.Inc()
+		datadogWriteRequests.Inc()
+		if err := datadog.InsertHandlerForHTTP(at, r); err != nil {
+			datadogWriteErrors.Inc()
 			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
 			return true
 		}
@@ -613,15 +582,6 @@ func processMultitenantRequest(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, path stri
 		w.WriteHeader(202)
 		fmt.Fprintf(w, `{"status":"ok"}`)
 		return true
-	case "datadog/api/beta/sketches":
-		datadogsketchesWriteRequests.Inc()
-		if err := datadogsketches.InsertHandlerForHTTP(at, r); err != nil {
-			datadogsketchesWriteErrors.Inc()
-			httpserver.Errorf(w, r, "%s", err)
-			return true
-		}
-		w.WriteHeader(202)
-		return true
 	case "datadog/api/v1/validate":
 		datadogValidateRequests.Inc()
 		// See https://docs.datadoghq.com/api/latest/authentication/#validate-api-key
@@ -672,14 +632,8 @@ var (

 	influxQueryRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/influx/query", protocol="influx"}`)

-	datadogv1WriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/series", protocol="datadog"}`)
-	datadogv1WriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/series", protocol="datadog"}`)
-
-	datadogv2WriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/v2/series", protocol="datadog"}`)
-	datadogv2WriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/datadog/api/v2/series", protocol="datadog"}`)
-
-	datadogsketchesWriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/beta/sketches", protocol="datadog"}`)
-	datadogsketchesWriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/datadog/api/beta/sketches", protocol="datadog"}`)
+	datadogWriteRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/series", protocol="datadog"}`)
+	datadogWriteErrors   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_request_errors_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/series", protocol="datadog"}`)

 	datadogValidateRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/validate", protocol="datadog"}`)
 	datadogCheckRunRequests = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_http_requests_total{path="/datadog/api/v1/check_run", protocol="datadog"}`)
--- a/app/vmagent/native/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/native/request_handler.go
@@ -84,8 +84,6 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, block *stream.Block, extraLabels []prompbmarshal
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	return nil
 }
--- a/app/vmagent/newrelic/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/newrelic/request_handler.go
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []newrelic.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(samplesCount)
--- a/app/vmagent/opentelemetry/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/opentelemetry/request_handler.go
@@ -59,9 +59,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, extraLabels []pr
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
--- a/app/vmagent/opentsdb/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/opentsdb/request_handler.go
@@ -56,9 +56,7 @@ func insertRows(rows []parser.Row) error {
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(nil, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(nil, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
 	return nil
--- a/app/vmagent/opentsdbhttp/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/opentsdbhttp/request_handler.go
@@ -64,9 +64,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.L
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	rowsPerInsert.Update(float64(len(rows)))
 	return nil
--- a/app/vmagent/prometheusimport/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/prometheusimport/request_handler.go
@@ -73,9 +73,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.L
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(len(rows))
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(len(rows))
--- a/app/vmagent/promremotewrite/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/promremotewrite/request_handler.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/common"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmagent/remotewrite"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompb"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	parserCommon "github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
@@ -47,8 +48,8 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, timeseries []prompb.TimeSeries, extraLabels []pr
 		for i := range ts.Labels {
 			label := &ts.Labels[i]
 			labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-				Name:  label.Name,
-				Value: label.Value,
+				Name:  bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(label.Name),
+				Value: bytesutil.ToUnsafeString(label.Value),
 			})
 		}
 		labels = append(labels, extraLabels...)
@@ -68,9 +69,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, timeseries []prompb.TimeSeries, extraLabels []pr
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/client.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/client.go
@@ -18,7 +18,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/protoparser/common"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/timerpool"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/timeutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 )

@@ -35,7 +34,6 @@ var (
 	proxyURL    = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.proxyURL", "Optional proxy URL for writing data to the corresponding -remoteWrite.url. "+
 		"Supported proxies: http, https, socks5. Example: -remoteWrite.proxyURL=socks5://proxy:1234")

-	tlsHandshakeTimeout   = flagutil.NewArrayDuration("remoteWrite.tlsHandshakeTimeout", 20*time.Second, "The timeout for estabilishing tls connections to the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
 	tlsInsecureSkipVerify = flagutil.NewArrayBool("remoteWrite.tlsInsecureSkipVerify", "Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
 	tlsCertFile           = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.tlsCertFile", "Optional path to client-side TLS certificate file to use when connecting "+
 		"to the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
@@ -60,10 +58,8 @@ var (
 	oauth2ClientID         = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientID", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
 	oauth2ClientSecret     = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecret", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
 	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
-	oauth2EndpointParams   = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.endpointParams", "Optional OAuth2 endpoint parameters to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url . "+
-		`The endpoint parameters must be set in JSON format: {"param1":"value1",...,"paramN":"valueN"}`)
-	oauth2TokenURL = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.tokenUrl", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
-	oauth2Scopes   = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.scopes", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'")
+	oauth2TokenURL         = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.tokenUrl", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url")
+	oauth2Scopes           = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.oauth2.scopes", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'")

 	awsUseSigv4 = flagutil.NewArrayBool("remoteWrite.aws.useSigv4", "Enables SigV4 request signing for the corresponding -remoteWrite.url. "+
 		"It is expected that other -remoteWrite.aws.* command-line flags are set if sigv4 request signing is enabled")
@@ -110,20 +106,17 @@ type client struct {
 func newHTTPClient(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL, sanitizedURL string, fq *persistentqueue.FastQueue, concurrency int) *client {
 	authCfg, err := getAuthConfig(argIdx)
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("cannot initialize auth config for -remoteWrite.url=%q: %s", remoteWriteURL, err)
-	}
-	tlsCfg, err := authCfg.NewTLSConfig()
-	if err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("cannot initialize tls config for -remoteWrite.url=%q: %s", remoteWriteURL, err)
+		logger.Panicf("FATAL: cannot initialize auth config for remoteWrite.url=%q: %s", remoteWriteURL, err)
 	}
+	tlsCfg := authCfg.NewTLSConfig()
 	awsCfg, err := getAWSAPIConfig(argIdx)
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("cannot initialize AWS Config for -remoteWrite.url=%q: %s", remoteWriteURL, err)
+		logger.Fatalf("FATAL: cannot initialize AWS Config for remoteWrite.url=%q: %s", remoteWriteURL, err)
 	}
 	tr := &http.Transport{
 		DialContext:         statDial,
 		TLSClientConfig:     tlsCfg,
-		TLSHandshakeTimeout: tlsHandshakeTimeout.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
+		TLSHandshakeTimeout: 10 * time.Second,
 		MaxConnsPerHost:     2 * concurrency,
 		MaxIdleConnsPerHost: 2 * concurrency,
 		IdleConnTimeout:     time.Minute,
@@ -238,16 +231,10 @@ func getAuthConfig(argIdx int) (*promauth.Config, error) {
 	clientSecret := oauth2ClientSecret.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
 	clientSecretFile := oauth2ClientSecretFile.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
 	if clientSecretFile != "" || clientSecret != "" {
-		endpointParamsJSON := oauth2EndpointParams.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
-		endpointParams, err := flagutil.ParseJSONMap(endpointParamsJSON)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse JSON for -remoteWrite.oauth2.endpointParams=%s: %w", endpointParamsJSON, err)
-		}
 		oauth2Cfg = &promauth.OAuth2Config{
 			ClientID:         oauth2ClientID.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
 			ClientSecret:     promauth.NewSecret(clientSecret),
 			ClientSecretFile: clientSecretFile,
-			EndpointParams:   endpointParams,
 			TokenURL:         oauth2TokenURL.GetOptionalArg(argIdx),
 			Scopes:           strings.Split(oauth2Scopes.GetOptionalArg(argIdx), ";"),
 		}
@@ -315,7 +302,7 @@ func (c *client) runWorker() {
 				continue
 			}
 			// Return unsent block to the queue.
-			c.fq.MustWriteBlockIgnoreDisabledPQ(block)
+			c.fq.MustWriteBlock(block)
 			return
 		case <-c.stopCh:
 			// c must be stopped. Wait for a while in the hope the block will be sent.
@@ -324,11 +311,11 @@ func (c *client) runWorker() {
 			case ok := <-ch:
 				if !ok {
 					// Return unsent block to the queue.
-					c.fq.MustWriteBlockIgnoreDisabledPQ(block)
+					c.fq.MustWriteBlock(block)
 				}
 			case <-time.After(graceDuration):
 				// Return unsent block to the queue.
-				c.fq.MustWriteBlockIgnoreDisabledPQ(block)
+				c.fq.MustWriteBlock(block)
 			}
 			return
 		}
@@ -341,25 +328,15 @@ func (c *client) doRequest(url string, body []byte) (*http.Response, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	resp, err := c.hc.Do(req)
-	if err == nil {
-		return resp, nil
+	if err != nil && errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
+		// it is likely connection became stale.
+		// So we do one more attempt in hope request will succeed.
+		// If not, the error should be handled by the caller as usual.
+		// This should help with https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/4139
+		req, _ = c.newRequest(url, body)
+		resp, err = c.hc.Do(req)
 	}
-	if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) && !errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	// It is likely connection became stale or timed out during the first request.
-	// Make another attempt in hope request will succeed.
-	// If not, the error should be handled by the caller as usual.
-	// This should help with https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/4139
-	req, err = c.newRequest(url, body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-	}
-	resp, err = c.hc.Do(req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-	}
-	return resp, nil
+	return resp, err
 }

 func (c *client) newRequest(url string, body []byte) (*http.Request, error) {
@@ -385,7 +362,8 @@ func (c *client) newRequest(url string, body []byte) (*http.Request, error) {
 	if c.awsCfg != nil {
 		sigv4Hash := awsapi.HashHex(body)
 		if err := c.awsCfg.SignRequest(req, sigv4Hash); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot sign remoteWrite request with AWS sigv4: %w", err)
+			// there is no need in retry, request will be rejected by client.Do and retried by code below
+			logger.Warnf("cannot sign remoteWrite request with AWS sigv4: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 	return req, nil
@@ -397,8 +375,7 @@ func (c *client) newRequest(url string, body []byte) (*http.Request, error) {
 // Otherwise it tries sending the block to remote storage indefinitely.
 func (c *client) sendBlockHTTP(block []byte) bool {
 	c.rl.register(len(block), c.stopCh)
-	maxRetryDuration := timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(time.Minute)
-	retryDuration := timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(time.Second)
+	retryDuration := time.Second
 	retriesCount := 0

 again:
@@ -408,8 +385,8 @@ again:
 	if err != nil {
 		c.errorsCount.Inc()
 		retryDuration *= 2
-		if retryDuration > maxRetryDuration {
-			retryDuration = maxRetryDuration
+		if retryDuration > time.Minute {
+			retryDuration = time.Minute
 		}
 		logger.Warnf("couldn't send a block with size %d bytes to %q: %s; re-sending the block in %.3f seconds",
 			len(block), c.sanitizedURL, err, retryDuration.Seconds())
@@ -455,8 +432,8 @@ again:
 	// Unexpected status code returned
 	retriesCount++
 	retryDuration *= 2
-	if retryDuration > maxRetryDuration {
-		retryDuration = maxRetryDuration
+	if retryDuration > time.Minute {
+		retryDuration = time.Minute
 	}
 	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
 	_ = resp.Body.Close()
--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries.go
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/cgroup"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/decimal"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/encoding/zstd"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fasttime"
@@ -16,7 +15,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/persistentqueue"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/timeutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
 	"github.com/golang/snappy"
 )
@@ -39,9 +37,9 @@ type pendingSeries struct {
 	periodicFlusherWG sync.WaitGroup
 }

-func newPendingSeries(fq *persistentqueue.FastQueue, isVMRemoteWrite bool, significantFigures, roundDigits int) *pendingSeries {
+func newPendingSeries(pushBlock func(block []byte), isVMRemoteWrite bool, significantFigures, roundDigits int) *pendingSeries {
 	var ps pendingSeries
-	ps.wr.fq = fq
+	ps.wr.pushBlock = pushBlock
 	ps.wr.isVMRemoteWrite = isVMRemoteWrite
 	ps.wr.significantFigures = significantFigures
 	ps.wr.roundDigits = roundDigits
@@ -59,11 +57,10 @@ func (ps *pendingSeries) MustStop() {
 	ps.periodicFlusherWG.Wait()
 }

-func (ps *pendingSeries) TryPush(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
+func (ps *pendingSeries) Push(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	ps.mu.Lock()
-	ok := ps.wr.tryPush(tss)
+	ps.wr.push(tss)
 	ps.mu.Unlock()
-	return ok
 }

 func (ps *pendingSeries) periodicFlusher() {
@@ -71,23 +68,20 @@ func (ps *pendingSeries) periodicFlusher() {
 	if flushSeconds <= 0 {
 		flushSeconds = 1
 	}
-	d := timeutil.AddJitterToDuration(*flushInterval)
-	ticker := time.NewTicker(d)
+	ticker := time.NewTicker(*flushInterval)
 	defer ticker.Stop()
-	for {
+	mustStop := false
+	for !mustStop {
 		select {
 		case <-ps.stopCh:
-			ps.mu.Lock()
-			ps.wr.mustFlushOnStop()
-			ps.mu.Unlock()
-			return
+			mustStop = true
 		case <-ticker.C:
 			if fasttime.UnixTimestamp()-atomic.LoadUint64(&ps.wr.lastFlushTime) < uint64(flushSeconds) {
 				continue
 			}
 		}
 		ps.mu.Lock()
-		_ = ps.wr.tryFlush()
+		ps.wr.flush()
 		ps.mu.Unlock()
 	}
 }
@@ -96,30 +90,29 @@ type writeRequest struct {
 	// Move lastFlushTime to the top of the struct in order to guarantee atomic access on 32-bit architectures.
 	lastFlushTime uint64

-	// The queue to send blocks to.
-	fq *persistentqueue.FastQueue
+	// pushBlock is called when whe write request is ready to be sent.
+	pushBlock func(block []byte)

 	// Whether to encode the write request with VictoriaMetrics remote write protocol.
 	isVMRemoteWrite bool

-	// How many significant figures must be left before sending the writeRequest to fq.
+	// How many significant figures must be left before sending the writeRequest to pushBlock.
 	significantFigures int

-	// How many decimal digits after point must be left before sending the writeRequest to fq.
+	// How many decimal digits after point must be left before sending the writeRequest to pushBlock.
 	roundDigits int

 	wr prompbmarshal.WriteRequest

-	tss     []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+
 	labels  []prompbmarshal.Label
 	samples []prompbmarshal.Sample
-
-	// buf holds labels data
-	buf []byte
+	buf     []byte
 }

 func (wr *writeRequest) reset() {
-	// Do not reset lastFlushTime, fq, isVMRemoteWrite, significantFigures and roundDigits, since they are re-used.
+	// Do not reset lastFlushTime, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite, significantFigures and roundDigits, since they are re-used.

 	wr.wr.Timeseries = nil

@@ -137,40 +130,23 @@ func (wr *writeRequest) reset() {
 	wr.buf = wr.buf[:0]
 }

-// mustFlushOnStop force pushes wr data into wr.fq
-//
-// This is needed in order to properly save in-memory data to persistent queue on graceful shutdown.
-func (wr *writeRequest) mustFlushOnStop() {
-	wr.wr.Timeseries = wr.tss
-	if !tryPushWriteRequest(&wr.wr, wr.mustWriteBlock, wr.isVMRemoteWrite) {
-		logger.Panicf("BUG: final flush must always return true")
-	}
-	wr.reset()
-}
-
-func (wr *writeRequest) mustWriteBlock(block []byte) bool {
-	wr.fq.MustWriteBlockIgnoreDisabledPQ(block)
-	return true
-}
-
-func (wr *writeRequest) tryFlush() bool {
+func (wr *writeRequest) flush() {
 	wr.wr.Timeseries = wr.tss
+	wr.adjustSampleValues()
 	atomic.StoreUint64(&wr.lastFlushTime, fasttime.UnixTimestamp())
-	if !tryPushWriteRequest(&wr.wr, wr.fq.TryWriteBlock, wr.isVMRemoteWrite) {
-		return false
-	}
+	pushWriteRequest(&wr.wr, wr.pushBlock, wr.isVMRemoteWrite)
 	wr.reset()
-	return true
 }

-func adjustSampleValues(samples []prompbmarshal.Sample, significantFigures, roundDigits int) {
-	if n := significantFigures; n > 0 {
+func (wr *writeRequest) adjustSampleValues() {
+	samples := wr.samples
+	if n := wr.significantFigures; n > 0 {
 		for i := range samples {
 			s := &samples[i]
 			s.Value = decimal.RoundToSignificantFigures(s.Value, n)
 		}
 	}
-	if n := roundDigits; n < 100 {
+	if n := wr.roundDigits; n < 100 {
 		for i := range samples {
 			s := &samples[i]
 			s.Value = decimal.RoundToDecimalDigits(s.Value, n)
@@ -178,27 +154,21 @@ func adjustSampleValues(samples []prompbmarshal.Sample, significantFigures, roun
 	}
 }

-func (wr *writeRequest) tryPush(src []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
+func (wr *writeRequest) push(src []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	tssDst := wr.tss
 	maxSamplesPerBlock := *maxRowsPerBlock
 	// Allow up to 10x of labels per each block on average.
 	maxLabelsPerBlock := 10 * maxSamplesPerBlock
 	for i := range src {
+		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{})
+		wr.copyTimeSeries(&tssDst[len(tssDst)-1], &src[i])
 		if len(wr.samples) >= maxSamplesPerBlock || len(wr.labels) >= maxLabelsPerBlock {
 			wr.tss = tssDst
-			if !wr.tryFlush() {
-				return false
-			}
+			wr.flush()
 			tssDst = wr.tss
 		}
-		tsSrc := &src[i]
-		adjustSampleValues(tsSrc.Samples, wr.significantFigures, wr.roundDigits)
-		tssDst = append(tssDst, prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{})
-		wr.copyTimeSeries(&tssDst[len(tssDst)-1], tsSrc)
 	}
-
 	wr.tss = tssDst
-	return true
 }

 func (wr *writeRequest) copyTimeSeries(dst, src *prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
@@ -226,45 +196,31 @@ func (wr *writeRequest) copyTimeSeries(dst, src *prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	wr.buf = buf
 }

-// marshalConcurrency limits the maximum number of concurrent workers, which marshal and compress WriteRequest.
-var marshalConcurrencyCh = make(chan struct{}, cgroup.AvailableCPUs())
-
-func tryPushWriteRequest(wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, tryPushBlock func(block []byte) bool, isVMRemoteWrite bool) bool {
+func pushWriteRequest(wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, pushBlock func(block []byte), isVMRemoteWrite bool) {
 	if len(wr.Timeseries) == 0 {
 		// Nothing to push
-		return true
+		return
 	}
-
-	marshalConcurrencyCh <- struct{}{}
-
 	bb := writeRequestBufPool.Get()
-	bb.B = wr.MarshalProtobuf(bb.B[:0])
+	bb.B = prompbmarshal.MarshalWriteRequest(bb.B[:0], wr)
 	if len(bb.B) <= maxUnpackedBlockSize.IntN() {
-		zb := compressBufPool.Get()
+		zb := snappyBufPool.Get()
 		if isVMRemoteWrite {
 			zb.B = zstd.CompressLevel(zb.B[:0], bb.B, *vmProtoCompressLevel)
 		} else {
 			zb.B = snappy.Encode(zb.B[:cap(zb.B)], bb.B)
 		}
 		writeRequestBufPool.Put(bb)
-
-		<-marshalConcurrencyCh
-
 		if len(zb.B) <= persistentqueue.MaxBlockSize {
-			zbLen := len(zb.B)
-			ok := tryPushBlock(zb.B)
-			compressBufPool.Put(zb)
-			if ok {
-				blockSizeRows.Update(float64(len(wr.Timeseries)))
-				blockSizeBytes.Update(float64(zbLen))
-			}
-			return ok
+			pushBlock(zb.B)
+			blockSizeRows.Update(float64(len(wr.Timeseries)))
+			blockSizeBytes.Update(float64(len(zb.B)))
+			snappyBufPool.Put(zb)
+			return
 		}
-		compressBufPool.Put(zb)
+		snappyBufPool.Put(zb)
 	} else {
 		writeRequestBufPool.Put(bb)
-
-		<-marshalConcurrencyCh
 	}

 	// Too big block. Recursively split it into smaller parts if possible.
@@ -273,36 +229,23 @@ func tryPushWriteRequest(wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, tryPushBlock func(block
 		samples := wr.Timeseries[0].Samples
 		if len(samples) == 1 {
 			logger.Warnf("dropping a sample for metric with too long labels exceeding -remoteWrite.maxBlockSize=%d bytes", maxUnpackedBlockSize.N)
-			return true
+			return
 		}
 		n := len(samples) / 2
 		wr.Timeseries[0].Samples = samples[:n]
-		if !tryPushWriteRequest(wr, tryPushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite) {
-			wr.Timeseries[0].Samples = samples
-			return false
-		}
+		pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite)
 		wr.Timeseries[0].Samples = samples[n:]
-		if !tryPushWriteRequest(wr, tryPushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite) {
-			wr.Timeseries[0].Samples = samples
-			return false
-		}
+		pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite)
 		wr.Timeseries[0].Samples = samples
-		return true
+		return
 	}
 	timeseries := wr.Timeseries
 	n := len(timeseries) / 2
 	wr.Timeseries = timeseries[:n]
-	if !tryPushWriteRequest(wr, tryPushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite) {
-		wr.Timeseries = timeseries
-		return false
-	}
+	pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite)
 	wr.Timeseries = timeseries[n:]
-	if !tryPushWriteRequest(wr, tryPushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite) {
-		wr.Timeseries = timeseries
-		return false
-	}
+	pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite)
 	wr.Timeseries = timeseries
-	return true
 }

 var (
@@ -310,7 +253,5 @@ var (
 	blockSizeRows  = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmagent_remotewrite_block_size_rows`)
 )

-var (
-	writeRequestBufPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
-	compressBufPool     bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
-)
+var writeRequestBufPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
+var snappyBufPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries_test.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries_test.go
@@ -26,16 +26,13 @@ func testPushWriteRequest(t *testing.T, rowsCount, expectedBlockLenProm, expecte
 		t.Helper()
 		wr := newTestWriteRequest(rowsCount, 20)
 		pushBlockLen := 0
-		pushBlock := func(block []byte) bool {
+		pushBlock := func(block []byte) {
 			if pushBlockLen > 0 {
 				panic(fmt.Errorf("BUG: pushBlock called multiple times; pushBlockLen=%d at first call, len(block)=%d at second call", pushBlockLen, len(block)))
 			}
 			pushBlockLen = len(block)
-			return true
-		}
-		if !tryPushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite) {
-			t.Fatalf("cannot push data to to remote storage")
 		}
+		pushWriteRequest(wr, pushBlock, isVMRemoteWrite)
 		if math.Abs(float64(pushBlockLen-expectedBlockLen)/float64(expectedBlockLen)*100) > tolerancePrc {
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected block len for rowsCount=%d, isVMRemoteWrite=%v; got %d bytes; expecting %d bytes +- %.0f%%",
 				rowsCount, isVMRemoteWrite, pushBlockLen, expectedBlockLen, tolerancePrc)
@@ -43,7 +40,7 @@ func testPushWriteRequest(t *testing.T, rowsCount, expectedBlockLenProm, expecte
 	}

 	// Check Prometheus remote write
-	f(false, expectedBlockLenProm, 3)
+	f(false, expectedBlockLenProm, 0)

 	// Check VictoriaMetrics remote write
 	f(true, expectedBlockLenVM, 15)
--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries_timing_test.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/pendingseries_timing_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"testing"

+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	"github.com/golang/snappy"
 	"github.com/klauspost/compress/s2"
 )
@@ -21,7 +22,7 @@ func benchmarkCompressWriteRequest(b *testing.B, compressFunc func(dst, src []by
 	for _, rowsCount := range []int{1, 10, 100, 1e3, 1e4} {
 		b.Run(fmt.Sprintf("rows_%d", rowsCount), func(b *testing.B) {
 			wr := newTestWriteRequest(rowsCount, 10)
-			data := wr.MarshalProtobuf(nil)
+			data := prompbmarshal.MarshalWriteRequest(nil, wr)
 			b.ReportAllocs()
 			b.SetBytes(int64(rowsCount))
 			b.RunParallel(func(pb *testing.PB) {
--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/relabel.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/relabel.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package remotewrite
 import (
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
-	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"

@@ -93,7 +92,6 @@ func (rctx *relabelCtx) applyRelabeling(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, pcs *pro
 		// Nothing to change.
 		return tss
 	}
-	rctx.reset()
 	tssDst := tss[:0]
 	labels := rctx.labels[:0]
 	for i := range tss {
@@ -122,7 +120,6 @@ func (rctx *relabelCtx) appendExtraLabels(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, extraL
 	if len(extraLabels) == 0 {
 		return
 	}
-	rctx.reset()
 	labels := rctx.labels[:0]
 	for i := range tss {
 		ts := &tss[i]
@@ -142,34 +139,6 @@ func (rctx *relabelCtx) appendExtraLabels(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, extraL
 	rctx.labels = labels
 }

-func (rctx *relabelCtx) tenantToLabels(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, accountID, projectID uint32) {
-	rctx.reset()
-	accountIDStr := strconv.FormatUint(uint64(accountID), 10)
-	projectIDStr := strconv.FormatUint(uint64(projectID), 10)
-	labels := rctx.labels[:0]
-	for i := range tss {
-		ts := &tss[i]
-		labelsLen := len(labels)
-		for _, label := range ts.Labels {
-			labelName := label.Name
-			if labelName == "vm_account_id" || labelName == "vm_project_id" {
-				continue
-			}
-			labels = append(labels, label)
-		}
-		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-			Name:  "vm_account_id",
-			Value: accountIDStr,
-		})
-		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-			Name:  "vm_project_id",
-			Value: projectIDStr,
-		})
-		ts.Labels = labels[labelsLen:]
-	}
-	rctx.labels = labels
-}
-
 type relabelCtx struct {
 	// pool for labels, which are used during the relabeling.
 	labels []prompbmarshal.Label
@@ -191,7 +160,7 @@ func getRelabelCtx() *relabelCtx {
 }

 func putRelabelCtx(rctx *relabelCtx) {
-	rctx.reset()
+	rctx.labels = rctx.labels[:0]
 	relabelCtxPool.Put(rctx)
 }

--- a/app/vmagent/remotewrite/remotewrite.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/remotewrite/remotewrite.go
@@ -3,16 +3,14 @@ package remotewrite
 import (
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strconv"
+	"strings"
 	"sync"
 	"sync/atomic"
 	"time"

-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
-
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/auth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bloomfilter"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/bytesutil"
@@ -26,7 +24,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/procutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/streamaggr"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/tenantmetrics"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/metrics"
@@ -37,22 +34,17 @@ var (
 	remoteWriteURLs = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.url", "Remote storage URL to write data to. It must support either VictoriaMetrics remote write protocol "+
 		"or Prometheus remote_write protocol. Example url: http://<victoriametrics-host>:8428/api/v1/write . "+
 		"Pass multiple -remoteWrite.url options in order to replicate the collected data to multiple remote storage systems. "+
-		"The data can be sharded among the configured remote storage systems if -remoteWrite.shardByURL flag is set")
+		"The data can be sharded among the configured remote storage systems if -remoteWrite.shardByURL flag is set. "+
+		"See also -remoteWrite.multitenantURL")
 	remoteWriteMultitenantURLs = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.multitenantURL", "Base path for multitenant remote storage URL to write data to. "+
 		"See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#multitenancy for details. Example url: http://<vminsert>:8480 . "+
-		"Pass multiple -remoteWrite.multitenantURL flags in order to replicate data to multiple remote storage systems. "+
-		"This flag is deprecated in favor of -enableMultitenantHandlers . See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#multitenancy")
-	enableMultitenantHandlers = flag.Bool("enableMultitenantHandlers", false, "Whether to process incoming data via multitenant insert handlers according to "+
-		"https://docs.victoriametrics.com/Cluster-VictoriaMetrics.html#url-format . By default incoming data is processed via single-node insert handlers "+
-		"according to https://docs.victoriametrics.com/#how-to-import-time-series-data ."+
-		"See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#multitenancy for details")
+		"Pass multiple -remoteWrite.multitenantURL flags in order to replicate data to multiple remote storage systems. See also -remoteWrite.url")
 	shardByURL = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.shardByURL", false, "Whether to shard outgoing series across all the remote storage systems enumerated via -remoteWrite.url . "+
 		"By default the data is replicated across all the -remoteWrite.url . See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#sharding-among-remote-storages")
-	shardByURLLabels = flagutil.NewArrayString("remoteWrite.shardByURL.labels", "Optional list of labels, which must be used for sharding outgoing samples "+
-		"among remote storage systems if -remoteWrite.shardByURL command-line flag is set. By default all the labels are used for sharding in order to gain "+
-		"even distribution of series over the specified -remoteWrite.url systems")
-	tmpDataPath = flag.String("remoteWrite.tmpDataPath", "vmagent-remotewrite-data", "Path to directory for storing pending data, which isn't sent to the configured -remoteWrite.url . "+
-		"See also -remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL and -remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue")
+	shardByURLLabels = flag.String("remoteWrite.shardByURL.labels", "", "Comma-separated list of label names for sharding across all the -remoteWrite.url. All labels of timeseries are used by default. "+
+		"See also -remoteWrite.shardByURL and https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#sharding-among-remote-storages")
+	tmpDataPath = flag.String("remoteWrite.tmpDataPath", "vmagent-remotewrite-data", "Path to directory where temporary data for remote write component is stored. "+
+		"See also -remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL")
 	keepDanglingQueues = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.keepDanglingQueues", false, "Keep persistent queues contents at -remoteWrite.tmpDataPath in case there are no matching -remoteWrite.url. "+
 		"Useful when -remoteWrite.url is changed temporarily and persistent queue files will be needed later on.")
 	queues = flag.Int("remoteWrite.queues", cgroup.AvailableCPUs()*2, "The number of concurrent queues to each -remoteWrite.url. Set more queues if default number of queues "+
@@ -91,11 +83,6 @@ var (
 		"are written to the corresponding -remoteWrite.url . See also -remoteWrite.streamAggr.keepInput and https://docs.victoriametrics.com/stream-aggregation.html")
 	streamAggrDedupInterval = flagutil.NewArrayDuration("remoteWrite.streamAggr.dedupInterval", 0, "Input samples are de-duplicated with this interval before being aggregated. "+
 		"Only the last sample per each time series per each interval is aggregated if the interval is greater than zero")
-	disableOnDiskQueue = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue", false, "Whether to disable storing pending data to -remoteWrite.tmpDataPath "+
-		"when the configured remote storage systems cannot keep up with the data ingestion rate. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#disabling-on-disk-persistence ."+
-		"See also -remoteWrite.dropSamplesOnOverload")
-	dropSamplesOnOverload = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.dropSamplesOnOverload", false, "Whether to drop samples when -remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue is set and if the samples "+
-		"cannot be pushed into the configured remote storage systems in a timely manner. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#disabling-on-disk-persistence")
 )

 var (
@@ -109,18 +96,12 @@ var (
 	// Data without tenant id is written to defaultAuthToken if -remoteWrite.multitenantURL is specified.
 	defaultAuthToken = &auth.Token{}

-	// ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry must be returned when TryPush() returns false.
-	ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry = &httpserver.ErrorWithStatusCode{
-		Err: fmt.Errorf("remote storage systems cannot keep up with the data ingestion rate; retry the request later " +
-			"or remove -remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue from vmagent command-line flags, so it could save pending data to -remoteWrite.tmpDataPath; " +
-			"see https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmagent.html#disabling-on-disk-persistence"),
-		StatusCode: http.StatusTooManyRequests,
-	}
+	shardLabelsFilter map[string]struct{}
 )

-// MultitenancyEnabled returns true if -enableMultitenantHandlers or -remoteWrite.multitenantURL is specified.
+// MultitenancyEnabled returns true if -remoteWrite.multitenantURL is specified.
 func MultitenancyEnabled() bool {
-	return *enableMultitenantHandlers || len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) > 0
+	return len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) > 0
 }

 // Contains the current relabelConfigs.
@@ -140,8 +121,6 @@ func InitSecretFlags() {
 	}
 }

-var shardByURLLabelsMap map[string]struct{}
-
 // Init initializes remotewrite.
 //
 // It must be called after flag.Parse().
@@ -178,13 +157,6 @@ func Init() {
 	if *queues <= 0 {
 		*queues = 1
 	}
-	if len(*shardByURLLabels) > 0 {
-		m := make(map[string]struct{}, len(*shardByURLLabels))
-		for _, label := range *shardByURLLabels {
-			m[label] = struct{}{}
-		}
-		shardByURLLabelsMap = m
-	}
 	initLabelsGlobal()

 	// Register SIGHUP handler for config reload before loadRelabelConfigs.
@@ -203,7 +175,12 @@ func Init() {
 	if len(*remoteWriteURLs) > 0 {
 		rwctxsDefault = newRemoteWriteCtxs(nil, *remoteWriteURLs)
 	}
-	dropDanglingQueues()
+
+	if *shardByURLLabels != "" {
+		for _, label := range strings.Split(*shardByURLLabels, ",") {
+			shardLabelsFilter[strings.TrimSpace(label)] = struct{}{}
+		}
+	}

 	// Start config reloader.
 	configReloaderWG.Add(1)
@@ -221,42 +198,6 @@ func Init() {
 	}()
 }

-func dropDanglingQueues() {
-	if *keepDanglingQueues {
-		return
-	}
-	if len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) > 0 {
-		// Do not drop dangling queues for *remoteWriteMultitenantURLs, since it is impossible to determine
-		// unused queues for multitenant urls - they are created on demand when new sample for the given
-		// tenant is pushed to remote storage.
-		return
-	}
-	// Remove dangling persistent queues, if any.
-	// This is required for the case when the number of queues has been changed or URL have been changed.
-	// See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/4014
-	//
-	existingQueues := make(map[string]struct{}, len(rwctxsDefault))
-	for _, rwctx := range rwctxsDefault {
-		existingQueues[rwctx.fq.Dirname()] = struct{}{}
-	}
-
-	queuesDir := filepath.Join(*tmpDataPath, persistentQueueDirname)
-	files := fs.MustReadDir(queuesDir)
-	removed := 0
-	for _, f := range files {
-		dirname := f.Name()
-		if _, ok := existingQueues[dirname]; !ok {
-			logger.Infof("removing dangling queue %q", dirname)
-			fullPath := filepath.Join(queuesDir, dirname)
-			fs.MustRemoveAll(fullPath)
-			removed++
-		}
-	}
-	if removed > 0 {
-		logger.Infof("removed %d dangling queues from %q, active queues: %d", removed, *tmpDataPath, len(rwctxsDefault))
-	}
-}
-
 func reloadRelabelConfigs() {
 	relabelConfigReloads.Inc()
 	logger.Infof("reloading relabel configs pointed by -remoteWrite.relabelConfig and -remoteWrite.urlRelabelConfig")
@@ -276,7 +217,7 @@ func reloadRelabelConfigs() {
 var (
 	relabelConfigReloads      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_relabel_config_reloads_total`)
 	relabelConfigReloadErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_relabel_config_reloads_errors_total`)
-	relabelConfigSuccess      = metrics.NewGauge(`vmagent_relabel_config_last_reload_successful`, nil)
+	relabelConfigSuccess      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_relabel_config_last_reload_successful`)
 	relabelConfigTimestamp    = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_relabel_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds`)
 )

@@ -330,6 +271,33 @@ func newRemoteWriteCtxs(at *auth.Token, urls []string) []*remoteWriteCtx {
 		}
 		rwctxs[i] = newRemoteWriteCtx(i, remoteWriteURL, maxInmemoryBlocks, sanitizedURL)
 	}
+
+	if !*keepDanglingQueues {
+		// Remove dangling queues, if any.
+		// This is required for the case when the number of queues has been changed or URL have been changed.
+		// See: https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/4014
+		existingQueues := make(map[string]struct{}, len(rwctxs))
+		for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
+			existingQueues[rwctx.fq.Dirname()] = struct{}{}
+		}
+
+		queuesDir := filepath.Join(*tmpDataPath, persistentQueueDirname)
+		files := fs.MustReadDir(queuesDir)
+		removed := 0
+		for _, f := range files {
+			dirname := f.Name()
+			if _, ok := existingQueues[dirname]; !ok {
+				logger.Infof("removing dangling queue %q", dirname)
+				fullPath := filepath.Join(queuesDir, dirname)
+				fs.MustRemoveAll(fullPath)
+				removed++
+			}
+		}
+		if removed > 0 {
+			logger.Infof("removed %d dangling queues from %q, active queues: %d", removed, *tmpDataPath, len(rwctxs))
+		}
+	}
+
 	return rwctxs
 }

@@ -338,7 +306,7 @@ var configReloaderWG sync.WaitGroup

 // Stop stops remotewrite.
 //
-// It is expected that nobody calls TryPush during and after the call to this func.
+// It is expected that nobody calls Push during and after the call to this func.
 func Stop() {
 	close(configReloaderStopCh)
 	configReloaderWG.Wait()
@@ -348,7 +316,7 @@ func Stop() {
 	}
 	rwctxsDefault = nil

-	// There is no need in locking rwctxsMapLock here, since nobody should call TryPush during the Stop call.
+	// There is no need in locking rwctxsMapLock here, since nobody should call Push during the Stop call.
 	for _, rwctxs := range rwctxsMap {
 		for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
 			rwctx.MustStop()
@@ -364,47 +332,24 @@ func Stop() {
 	}
 }

-// PushDropSamplesOnFailure pushes wr to the configured remote storage systems set via -remoteWrite.url and -remoteWrite.multitenantURL
+// Push sends wr to remote storage systems set via `-remoteWrite.url`.
 //
-// If at is nil, then the data is pushed to the configured -remoteWrite.url.
-// If at isn't nil, the data is pushed to the configured -remoteWrite.multitenantURL.
+// If at is nil, then the data is pushed to the configured `-remoteWrite.url`.
+// If at isn't nil, the data is pushed to the configured `-remoteWrite.multitenantURL`.
 //
-// PushDropSamplesOnFailure can modify wr contents.
-func PushDropSamplesOnFailure(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
-	_ = tryPush(at, wr, true)
-}
-
-// TryPush tries sending wr to the configured remote storage systems set via -remoteWrite.url and -remoteWrite.multitenantURL
-//
-// If at is nil, then the data is pushed to the configured -remoteWrite.url.
-// If at isn't nil, the data is pushed to the configured -remoteWrite.multitenantURL.
-//
-// TryPush can modify wr contents, so the caller must re-initialize wr before calling TryPush() after unsuccessful attempt.
-// TryPush may send partial data from wr on unsuccessful attempt, so repeated call for the same wr may send the data multiple times.
-//
-// The caller must return ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry to the client, which sends wr, if TryPush returns false.
-func TryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) bool {
-	return tryPush(at, wr, *dropSamplesOnOverload)
-}
-
-func tryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, dropSamplesOnFailure bool) bool {
-	tss := wr.Timeseries
-
-	if at == nil && MultitenancyEnabled() {
-		// Write data to default tenant if at isn't set when multitenancy is enabled.
+// Note that wr may be modified by Push because of relabeling and rounding.
+func Push(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
+	if at == nil && len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) > 0 {
+		// Write data to default tenant if at isn't set while -remoteWrite.multitenantURL is set.
 		at = defaultAuthToken
 	}
-
-	var tenantRctx *relabelCtx
 	var rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx
 	if at == nil {
 		rwctxs = rwctxsDefault
-	} else if len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) == 0 {
-		// Convert at to (vm_account_id, vm_project_id) labels.
-		tenantRctx = getRelabelCtx()
-		defer putRelabelCtx(tenantRctx)
-		rwctxs = rwctxsDefault
 	} else {
+		if len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) == 0 {
+			logger.Panicf("BUG: -remoteWrite.multitenantURL command-line flag must be set when __tenant_id__=%q label is set", at)
+		}
 		rwctxsMapLock.Lock()
 		tenantID := tenantmetrics.TenantID{
 			AccountID: at.AccountID,
@@ -418,37 +363,18 @@ func tryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, dropSamplesOnFailur
 		rwctxsMapLock.Unlock()
 	}

-	rowsCount := getRowsCount(tss)
-
-	if *disableOnDiskQueue {
-		// Quick check whether writes to configured remote storage systems are blocked.
-		// This allows saving CPU time spent on relabeling and block compression
-		// if some of remote storage systems cannot keep up with the data ingestion rate.
-		for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
-			if rwctx.fq.IsWriteBlocked() {
-				pushFailures.Inc()
-				if dropSamplesOnFailure {
-					// Just drop samples
-					samplesDropped.Add(rowsCount)
-					return true
-				}
-				return false
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	var rctx *relabelCtx
 	rcs := allRelabelConfigs.Load()
 	pcsGlobal := rcs.global
 	if pcsGlobal.Len() > 0 {
 		rctx = getRelabelCtx()
-		defer putRelabelCtx(rctx)
 	}
+	tss := wr.Timeseries
+	rowsCount := getRowsCount(tss)
 	globalRowsPushedBeforeRelabel.Add(rowsCount)
 	maxSamplesPerBlock := *maxRowsPerBlock
 	// Allow up to 10x of labels per each block on average.
 	maxLabelsPerBlock := 10 * maxSamplesPerBlock
-
 	for len(tss) > 0 {
 		// Process big tss in smaller blocks in order to reduce the maximum memory usage
 		samplesCount := 0
@@ -456,7 +382,7 @@ func tryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, dropSamplesOnFailur
 		i := 0
 		for i < len(tss) {
 			samplesCount += len(tss[i].Samples)
-			labelsCount += len(tss[i].Samples) * len(tss[i].Labels)
+			labelsCount += len(tss[i].Labels)
 			i++
 			if samplesCount >= maxSamplesPerBlock || labelsCount >= maxLabelsPerBlock {
 				break
@@ -469,9 +395,6 @@ func tryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, dropSamplesOnFailur
 		} else {
 			tss = nil
 		}
-		if tenantRctx != nil {
-			tenantRctx.tenantToLabels(tssBlock, at.AccountID, at.ProjectID)
-		}
 		if rctx != nil {
 			rowsCountBeforeRelabel := getRowsCount(tssBlock)
 			tssBlock = rctx.applyRelabeling(tssBlock, pcsGlobal)
@@ -480,35 +403,25 @@ func tryPush(at *auth.Token, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest, dropSamplesOnFailur
 		}
 		sortLabelsIfNeeded(tssBlock)
 		tssBlock = limitSeriesCardinality(tssBlock)
-		if !tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs, tssBlock) {
-			if !*disableOnDiskQueue {
-				logger.Panicf("BUG: tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages must return true if -remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue isn't set")
-			}
-			pushFailures.Inc()
-			if dropSamplesOnFailure {
-				samplesDropped.Add(rowsCount)
-				return true
-			}
-			return false
+		pushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs, tssBlock)
+		if rctx != nil {
+			rctx.reset()
 		}
 	}
-	return true
+	if rctx != nil {
+		putRelabelCtx(rctx)
+	}
 }

-var (
-	samplesDropped = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_samples_dropped_total`)
-	pushFailures   = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_remotewrite_push_failures_total`)
-)
-
-func tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx, tssBlock []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
+func pushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx, tssBlock []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	if len(tssBlock) == 0 {
 		// Nothing to push
-		return true
+		return
 	}
-
 	if len(rwctxs) == 1 {
 		// Fast path - just push data to the configured single remote storage
-		return rwctxs[0].TryPush(tssBlock)
+		rwctxs[0].Push(tssBlock)
+		return
 	}

 	// We need to push tssBlock to multiple remote storages.
@@ -516,28 +429,15 @@ func tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx, tssBlock []prompbmar
 	if *shardByURL {
 		// Shard the data among rwctxs
 		tssByURL := make([][]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, len(rwctxs))
-		tmpLabels := promutils.GetLabels()
 		for _, ts := range tssBlock {
-			hashLabels := ts.Labels
-			if len(shardByURLLabelsMap) > 0 {
-				hashLabels = tmpLabels.Labels[:0]
-				for _, label := range ts.Labels {
-					if _, ok := shardByURLLabelsMap[label.Name]; ok {
-						hashLabels = append(hashLabels, label)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			h := getLabelsHash(hashLabels)
+			h := getLabelsHash(ts.Labels, shardLabelsFilter)
 			idx := h % uint64(len(tssByURL))
 			tssByURL[idx] = append(tssByURL[idx], ts)
 		}
-		promutils.PutLabels(tmpLabels)
-
 		// Push sharded data to remote storages in parallel in order to reduce
 		// the time needed for sending the data to multiple remote storage systems.
 		var wg sync.WaitGroup
 		wg.Add(len(rwctxs))
-		var anyPushFailed uint64
 		for i, rwctx := range rwctxs {
 			tssShard := tssByURL[i]
 			if len(tssShard) == 0 {
@@ -545,13 +445,11 @@ func tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx, tssBlock []prompbmar
 			}
 			go func(rwctx *remoteWriteCtx, tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 				defer wg.Done()
-				if !rwctx.TryPush(tss) {
-					atomic.StoreUint64(&anyPushFailed, 1)
-				}
+				rwctx.Push(tss)
 			}(rwctx, tssShard)
 		}
 		wg.Wait()
-		return atomic.LoadUint64(&anyPushFailed) == 0
+		return
 	}

 	// Replicate data among rwctxs.
@@ -559,17 +457,13 @@ func tryPushBlockToRemoteStorages(rwctxs []*remoteWriteCtx, tssBlock []prompbmar
 	// the time needed for sending the data to multiple remote storage systems.
 	var wg sync.WaitGroup
 	wg.Add(len(rwctxs))
-	var anyPushFailed uint64
 	for _, rwctx := range rwctxs {
 		go func(rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) {
 			defer wg.Done()
-			if !rwctx.TryPush(tssBlock) {
-				atomic.StoreUint64(&anyPushFailed, 1)
-			}
+			rwctx.Push(tssBlock)
 		}(rwctx)
 	}
 	wg.Wait()
-	return atomic.LoadUint64(&anyPushFailed) == 0
 }

 // sortLabelsIfNeeded sorts labels if -sortLabels command-line flag is set.
@@ -589,7 +483,7 @@ func limitSeriesCardinality(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) []prompbmarshal.Time
 	dst := make([]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, 0, len(tss))
 	for i := range tss {
 		labels := tss[i].Labels
-		h := getLabelsHash(labels)
+		h := getLabelsHash(labels, nil)
 		if hourlySeriesLimiter != nil && !hourlySeriesLimiter.Add(h) {
 			hourlySeriesLimitRowsDropped.Add(len(tss[i].Samples))
 			logSkippedSeries(labels, "-remoteWrite.maxHourlySeries", hourlySeriesLimiter.MaxItems())
@@ -613,10 +507,16 @@ var (
 	dailySeriesLimitRowsDropped  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmagent_daily_series_limit_rows_dropped_total`)
 )

-func getLabelsHash(labels []prompbmarshal.Label) uint64 {
+func getLabelsHash(labels []prompbmarshal.Label, filterLabels map[string]struct{}) uint64 {
 	bb := labelsHashBufPool.Get()
 	b := bb.B[:0]
 	for _, label := range labels {
+		if len(filterLabels) > 0 {
+			_, ok := filterLabels[label.Name]
+			if !ok {
+				continue
+			}
+		}
 		b = append(b, label.Name...)
 		b = append(b, label.Value...)
 	}
@@ -689,19 +589,13 @@ func newRemoteWriteCtx(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL *url.URL, maxInmemoryBlocks in
 		logger.Warnf("rounding the -remoteWrite.maxDiskUsagePerURL=%d to the minimum supported value: %d", maxPendingBytes, persistentqueue.DefaultChunkFileSize)
 		maxPendingBytes = persistentqueue.DefaultChunkFileSize
 	}
-	fq := persistentqueue.MustOpenFastQueue(queuePath, sanitizedURL, maxInmemoryBlocks, maxPendingBytes, *disableOnDiskQueue)
+	fq := persistentqueue.MustOpenFastQueue(queuePath, sanitizedURL, maxInmemoryBlocks, maxPendingBytes)
 	_ = metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_pending_data_bytes{path=%q, url=%q}`, queuePath, sanitizedURL), func() float64 {
 		return float64(fq.GetPendingBytes())
 	})
 	_ = metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_pending_inmemory_blocks{path=%q, url=%q}`, queuePath, sanitizedURL), func() float64 {
 		return float64(fq.GetInmemoryQueueLen())
 	})
-	_ = metrics.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_remotewrite_queue_blocked{path=%q, url=%q}`, queuePath, sanitizedURL), func() float64 {
-		if fq.IsWriteBlocked() {
-			return 1
-		}
-		return 0
-	})

 	var c *client
 	switch remoteWriteURL.Scheme {
@@ -723,7 +617,7 @@ func newRemoteWriteCtx(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL *url.URL, maxInmemoryBlocks in
 	}
 	pss := make([]*pendingSeries, pssLen)
 	for i := range pss {
-		pss[i] = newPendingSeries(fq, c.useVMProto, sf, rd)
+		pss[i] = newPendingSeries(fq.MustWriteBlock, c.useVMProto, sf, rd)
 	}

 	rwctx := &remoteWriteCtx{
@@ -740,7 +634,7 @@ func newRemoteWriteCtx(argIdx int, remoteWriteURL *url.URL, maxInmemoryBlocks in
 	sasFile := streamAggrConfig.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
 	if sasFile != "" {
 		dedupInterval := streamAggrDedupInterval.GetOptionalArg(argIdx)
-		sas, err := streamaggr.LoadFromFile(sasFile, rwctx.pushInternalTrackDropped, dedupInterval)
+		sas, err := streamaggr.LoadFromFile(sasFile, rwctx.pushInternal, dedupInterval)
 		if err != nil {
 			logger.Fatalf("cannot initialize stream aggregators from -remoteWrite.streamAggr.config=%q: %s", sasFile, err)
 		}
@@ -776,7 +670,7 @@ func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) MustStop() {
 	rwctx.rowsDroppedByRelabel = nil
 }

-func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) TryPush(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
+func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) Push(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	// Apply relabeling
 	var rctx *relabelCtx
 	var v *[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
@@ -814,9 +708,7 @@ func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) TryPush(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
 		}
 		matchIdxsPool.Put(matchIdxs)
 	}
-
-	// Try pushing the data to remote storage
-	ok := rwctx.tryPushInternal(tss)
+	rwctx.pushInternal(tss)

 	// Return back relabeling contexts to the pool
 	if rctx != nil {
@@ -824,8 +716,6 @@ func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) TryPush(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
 		tssPool.Put(v)
 		putRelabelCtx(rctx)
 	}
-
-	return ok
 }

 var matchIdxsPool bytesutil.ByteBufferPool
@@ -845,21 +735,7 @@ func dropAggregatedSeries(src []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, matchIdxs []byte, drop
 	return dst
 }

-func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) pushInternalTrackDropped(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
-	if rwctx.tryPushInternal(tss) {
-		return
-	}
-	if !*disableOnDiskQueue {
-		logger.Panicf("BUG: tryPushInternal must return true if -remoteWrite.disableOnDiskQueue isn't set")
-	}
-	pushFailures.Inc()
-	if *dropSamplesOnOverload {
-		rowsCount := getRowsCount(tss)
-		samplesDropped.Add(rowsCount)
-	}
-}
-
-func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) tryPushInternal(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) bool {
+func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) pushInternal(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) {
 	var rctx *relabelCtx
 	var v *[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
 	if len(labelsGlobal) > 0 {
@@ -873,16 +749,13 @@ func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) tryPushInternal(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) boo

 	pss := rwctx.pss
 	idx := atomic.AddUint64(&rwctx.pssNextIdx, 1) % uint64(len(pss))
-
-	ok := pss[idx].TryPush(tss)
+	pss[idx].Push(tss)

 	if rctx != nil {
 		*v = prompbmarshal.ResetTimeSeries(tss)
 		tssPool.Put(v)
 		putRelabelCtx(rctx)
 	}
-
-	return ok
 }

 func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) reinitStreamAggr() {
@@ -895,7 +768,7 @@ func (rwctx *remoteWriteCtx) reinitStreamAggr() {
 	logger.Infof("reloading stream aggregation configs pointed by -remoteWrite.streamAggr.config=%q", sasFile)
 	metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_streamaggr_config_reloads_total{path=%q}`, sasFile)).Inc()
 	dedupInterval := streamAggrDedupInterval.GetOptionalArg(rwctx.idx)
-	sasNew, err := streamaggr.LoadFromFile(sasFile, rwctx.pushInternalTrackDropped, dedupInterval)
+	sasNew, err := streamaggr.LoadFromFile(sasFile, rwctx.pushInternal, dedupInterval)
 	if err != nil {
 		metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_streamaggr_config_reloads_errors_total{path=%q}`, sasFile)).Inc()
 		metrics.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmagent_streamaggr_config_reload_successful{path=%q}`, sasFile)).Set(0)
@@ -946,3 +819,23 @@ func CheckStreamAggrConfigs() error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func GetAggregators() map[string]*streamaggr.Aggregators {
+	var result = map[string]*streamaggr.Aggregators{}
+
+	if len(*remoteWriteMultitenantURLs) > 0 {
+		rwctxsMapLock.Lock()
+		for tenant, rwctxs := range rwctxsMap {
+			for rwNum, rw := range rwctxs {
+				result[fmt.Sprintf("rw %d for tenant %v:%v", rwNum, tenant.AccountID, tenant.ProjectID)] = rw.sas.Load()
+			}
+		}
+		rwctxsMapLock.Unlock()
+	} else {
+		for rwNum, rw := range rwctxsDefault {
+			result[fmt.Sprintf("remote write %d", rwNum)] = rw.sas.Load()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
--- a/app/vmagent/vmimport/request_handler.go
+++ b/app/vmagent/vmimport/request_handler.go
@@ -76,9 +76,7 @@ func insertRows(at *auth.Token, rows []parser.Row, extraLabels []prompbmarshal.L
 	ctx.WriteRequest.Timeseries = tssDst
 	ctx.Labels = labels
 	ctx.Samples = samples
-	if !remotewrite.TryPush(at, &ctx.WriteRequest) {
-		return remotewrite.ErrQueueFullHTTPRetry
-	}
+	remotewrite.Push(at, &ctx.WriteRequest)
 	rowsInserted.Add(rowsTotal)
 	if at != nil {
 		rowsTenantInserted.Get(at).Add(rowsTotal)
--- a/app/vmalert-tool/README.md
+++ b/app/vmalert-tool/README.md
@@ -1,3 +1,246 @@
-See vmalert-tool docs [here](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert-tool.html).

-vmalert-tool docs can be edited at [docs/vmalert-tool.md](https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/blob/master/docs/vmalert-tool.md).
+# vmalert-tool
+
+VMAlert command-line tool
+
+## Unit testing for rules
+
+You can use `vmalert-tool` to run unit tests for alerting and recording rules.
+It will perform the following actions:
+* sets up an isolated VictoriaMetrics instance;
+* simulates the periodic ingestion of time series;
+* queries the ingested data for recording and alerting rules evaluation like [vmalert](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html);
+* checks whether the firing alerts or resulting recording rules match the expected results.
+
+See how to run vmalert-tool for unit test below:
+
+```
+# Run vmalert-tool with one or multiple test files via --files cmd-line flag
+./vmalert-tool unittest --files test1.yaml --files test2.yaml
+```
+
+vmalert-tool unittest is compatible with [Prometheus config format for tests](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/unit_testing_rules/#test-file-format)
+except `promql_expr_test` field. Use `metricsql_expr_test` field name instead. The name is different because vmalert-tool
+validates and executes [MetricsQL](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/MetricsQL.html) expressions,
+which aren't always backward compatible with [PromQL](https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/querying/basics/).
+
+### Test file format
+
+The configuration format for files specified in `--files` cmd-line flag is the following:
+
+```yaml
+# Path to the files or http url containing [rule groups](https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#groups) configuration.
+# Enterprise version of vmalert-tool supports S3 and GCS paths to rules.
+rule_files:
+  [ - <string> ]
+
+# The evaluation interval for rules specified in `rule_files`
+[ evaluation_interval: <duration> | default = 1m ]
+
+# Groups listed below will be evaluated by order.
+# Not All the groups need not be mentioned, if not, they will be evaluated by define order in rule_files.
+group_eval_order:
+  [ - <string> ]
+
+# The list of unit test files to be checked during evaluation.
+tests:
+  [ - <test_group> ]
+```
+
+#### `<test_group>`
+
+```yaml
+# Interval between samples for input series
+interval: <duration>
+# Time series to persist into the database according to configured <interval> before running tests.
+input_series:
+  [ - <series> ]
+
+# Name of the test group, optional
+[ name: <string> ]
+
+# Unit tests for alerting rules
+alert_rule_test:
+  [ - <alert_test_case> ]
+
+# Unit tests for Metricsql expressions.
+metricsql_expr_test:
+  [ - <metricsql_expr_test> ]
+
+# External labels accessible for templating.
+external_labels:
+  [ <labelname>: <string> ... ]
+
+```
+
+#### `<series>`
+
+```yaml
+# series in the following format '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
+# Examples:
+#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
+#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
+series: <string>
+
+# values support several special equations:
+#    'a+bxc' becomes 'a a+b a+(2*b) a+(3*b) … a+(c*b)'
+#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples incrementing by b.
+#    'a-bxc' becomes 'a a-b a-(2*b) a-(3*b) … a-(c*b)'
+#     Read this as series starts at a, then c further samples decrementing by b (or incrementing by negative b).
+#    '_' represents a missing sample from scrape
+#    'stale' indicates a stale sample
+# Examples:
+#     1. '-2+4x3' becomes '-2 2 6 10' - series starts at -2, then 3 further samples incrementing by 4.
+#     2. ' 1-2x4' becomes '1 -1 -3 -5 -7' - series starts at 1, then 4 further samples decrementing by 2.
+#     3. ' 1x4' becomes '1 1 1 1 1' - shorthand for '1+0x4', series starts at 1, then 4 further samples incrementing by 0.
+#     4. ' 1 _x3 stale' becomes '1 _ _ _ stale' - the missing sample cannot increment, so 3 missing samples are produced by the '_x3' expression.
+values: <string>
+```
+
+#### `<alert_test_case>`
+
+vmalert by default adds `alertgroup` and `alertname` to the generated alerts and time series.
+So you will need to specify both `groupname` and `alertname` under a single `<alert_test_case>`,
+but no need to add them under `exp_alerts`.
+You can also pass `--disableAlertgroupLabel` to skip `alertgroup` check.
+
+```yaml
+# The time elapsed from time=0s when this alerting rule should be checked.
+# Means this rule should be firing at this point, or shouldn't be firing if 'exp_alerts' is empty.
+eval_time: <duration>
+
+# Name of the group name to be tested.
+groupname: <string>
+
+# Name of the alert to be tested.
+alertname: <string>
+
+# List of the expected alerts that are firing under the given alertname at
+# the given evaluation time. If you want to test if an alerting rule should
+# not be firing, then you can mention only the fields above and leave 'exp_alerts' empty.
+exp_alerts:
+  [ - <alert> ]
+```
+
+#### `<alert>`
+
+```yaml
+# These are the expanded labels and annotations of the expected alert.
+# Note: labels also include the labels of the sample associated with the alert
+exp_labels:
+  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
+exp_annotations:
+  [ <labelname>: <string> ]
+```
+
+#### `<metricsql_expr_test>`
+
+```yaml
+# Expression to evaluate
+expr: <string>
+
+# The time elapsed from time=0s when this expression be evaluated.
+eval_time: <duration>
+
+# Expected samples at the given evaluation time.
+exp_samples:
+  [ - <sample> ]
+```
+
+#### `<sample>`
+
+```yaml
+# Labels of the sample in usual series notation '<metric name>{<label name>=<label value>, ...}'
+# Examples:
+#      series_name{label1="value1", label2="value2"}
+#      go_goroutines{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}
+labels: <string>
+
+# The expected value of the Metricsql expression.
+value: <number>
+```
+
+### Example
+
+This is an example input file for unit testing which will pass.
+`test.yaml` is the test file which follows the syntax above and `alerts.yaml` contains the alerting rules.
+
+With `rules.yaml` in the same directory, run `./vmalert-tool unittest --files=./unittest/testdata/test.yaml`.
+
+#### `test.yaml`
+
+```yaml
+rule_files:
+  - rules.yaml
+
+evaluation_interval: 1m
+
+tests:
+  - interval: 1m
+    input_series:
+      - series: 'up{job="prometheus", instance="localhost:9090"}'
+        values: "0+0x1440"
+
+    metricsql_expr_test:
+      - expr: suquery_interval_test
+        eval_time: 4m
+        exp_samples:
+          - labels: '{__name__="suquery_interval_test", datacenter="dc-123", instance="localhost:9090", job="prometheus"}'
+            value: 1
+
+    alert_rule_test:
+      - eval_time: 2h
+        groupname: group1
+        alertname: InstanceDown
+        exp_alerts:
+          - exp_labels:
+              job: prometheus
+              severity: page
+              instance: localhost:9090
+              datacenter: dc-123
+            exp_annotations:
+              summary: "Instance localhost:9090 down"
+              description: "localhost:9090 of job prometheus has been down for more than 5 minutes."
+
+      - eval_time: 0
+        groupname: group1
+        alertname: AlwaysFiring
+        exp_alerts:
+          - exp_labels:
+              datacenter: dc-123
+
+      - eval_time: 0
+        groupname: group1
+        alertname: InstanceDown
+        exp_alerts: []
+
+    external_labels:
+      datacenter: dc-123
+```
+
+#### `alerts.yaml`
+
+```yaml
+# This is the rules file.
+
+groups:
+  - name: group1
+    rules:
+      - alert: InstanceDown
+        expr: up == 0
+        for: 5m
+        labels:
+          severity: page
+        annotations:
+          summary: "Instance {{ $labels.instance }} down"
+          description: "{{ $labels.instance }} of job {{ $labels.job }} has been down for more than 5 minutes."
+      - alert: AlwaysFiring
+        expr: 1
+
+  - name: group2
+    rules:
+      - record: job:test:count_over_time1m
+        expr: sum without(instance) (count_over_time(test[1m]))
+      - record: suquery_interval_test
+        expr: count_over_time(up[5m:])
+```
--- a/app/vmalert-tool/multiarch/Dockerfile
+++ b/app/vmalert-tool/multiarch/Dockerfile
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# See https://medium.com/on-docker/use-multi-stage-builds-to-inject-ca-certs-ad1e8f01de1b
-ARG certs_image
-ARG root_image
-FROM $certs_image as certs
-RUN apk update && apk upgrade && apk --update --no-cache add ca-certificates
-
-FROM $root_image
-COPY --from=certs /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
-EXPOSE 8429
-ENTRYPOINT ["/vmalert-tool-prod"]
-ARG TARGETARCH
-COPY vmalert-tool-linux-${TARGETARCH}-prod ./vmalert-tool-prod
--- a/app/vmalert-tool/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml
+++ b/app/vmalert-tool/unittest/testdata/test1.yaml
@@ -21,11 +21,6 @@ tests:
        groupname: group2
        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
        exp_alerts: []
-      - eval_time: 150s
-        groupname: group1
-        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
-        exp_alerts:
-          - {}
      - eval_time: 6m
        groupname: group1
        alertname: SameAlertNameWithDifferentGroup
--- a/app/vmalert-tool/unittest/unittest.go
+++ b/app/vmalert-tool/unittest/unittest.go
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/prometheus"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmselect/promql"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmstorage"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/fs"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httpserver"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
@@ -185,8 +184,7 @@ func processFlags() {

 func setUp() {
 	vmstorage.Init(promql.ResetRollupResultCacheIfNeeded)
-	var ab flagutil.ArrayBool
-	go httpserver.Serve([]string{httpListenAddr}, &ab, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
+	go httpserver.Serve(httpListenAddr, false, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) bool {
 		switch r.URL.Path {
 		case "/prometheus/api/v1/query":
 			if err := prometheus.QueryHandler(nil, time.Now(), w, r); err != nil {
@@ -227,7 +225,7 @@ checkCheck:
 }

 func tearDown() {
-	if err := httpserver.Stop([]string{httpListenAddr}); err != nil {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		logger.Errorf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
 	vmstorage.Stop()
@@ -338,7 +336,7 @@ func (tg *testGroup) test(evalInterval time.Duration, groupOrderMap map[string]i
 				if disableAlertgroupLabel {
 					g.Name = ""
 				}
-				if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[alertEvalTimes[evalIndex]][g.Name]; !ok {
+				if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[time.Duration(ts.UnixNano())][g.Name]; !ok {
 					continue
 				}
 				if _, ok := gotAlertsMap[g.Name]; !ok {
@@ -349,7 +347,7 @@ func (tg *testGroup) test(evalInterval time.Duration, groupOrderMap map[string]i
 					if !isAlertRule {
 						continue
 					}
-					if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[alertEvalTimes[evalIndex]][g.Name][ar.Name]; ok {
+					if _, ok := alertExpResultMap[time.Duration(ts.UnixNano())][g.Name][ar.Name]; ok {
 						for _, got := range ar.GetAlerts() {
 							if got.State != notifier.StateFiring {
 								continue
--- a/app/vmalert/Makefile
+++ b/app/vmalert/Makefile
@@ -68,7 +68,6 @@ publish-vmalert:

 test-vmalert:
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert -loggerLevel=ERROR
-	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/rule
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/templates
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/datasource
 	go test -v -race -cover ./app/vmalert/notifier
--- a/app/vmalert/README.md
+++ b/app/vmalert/README.md
--- a/app/vmalert/config/config.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/config/config.go
@@ -19,14 +19,11 @@ import (
 // Group contains list of Rules grouped into
 // entity with one name and evaluation interval
 type Group struct {
-	Type       Type `yaml:"type,omitempty"`
-	File       string
-	Name       string              `yaml:"name"`
-	Interval   *promutils.Duration `yaml:"interval,omitempty"`
-	EvalOffset *promutils.Duration `yaml:"eval_offset,omitempty"`
-	// EvalDelay will adjust the `time` parameter of rule evaluation requests to compensate intentional query delay from datasource.
-	// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5155
-	EvalDelay   *promutils.Duration `yaml:"eval_delay,omitempty"`
+	Type        Type `yaml:"type,omitempty"`
+	File        string
+	Name        string              `yaml:"name"`
+	Interval    *promutils.Duration `yaml:"interval,omitempty"`
+	EvalOffset  *promutils.Duration `yaml:"eval_offset,omitempty"`
 	Limit       int                 `yaml:"limit,omitempty"`
 	Rules       []Rule              `yaml:"rules"`
 	Concurrency int                 `yaml:"concurrency"`
@@ -236,7 +233,7 @@ func ParseSilent(pathPatterns []string, validateTplFn ValidateTplFn, validateExp

 	files, err := readFromFS(pathPatterns)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from the config: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from the config: %s", err)
 	}
 	return parse(files, validateTplFn, validateExpressions)
 }
@@ -245,11 +242,11 @@ func ParseSilent(pathPatterns []string, validateTplFn ValidateTplFn, validateExp
 func Parse(pathPatterns []string, validateTplFn ValidateTplFn, validateExpressions bool) ([]Group, error) {
 	files, err := readFromFS(pathPatterns)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from the config: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to read from the config: %s", err)
 	}
 	groups, err := parse(files, validateTplFn, validateExpressions)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s: %w", pathPatterns, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %s: %s", pathPatterns, err)
 	}
 	if len(groups) < 1 {
 		cLogger.Warnf("no groups found in %s", strings.Join(pathPatterns, ";"))
--- a/app/vmalert/config/config_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/config/config_test.go
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ func TestParseBad(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			[]string{"http://unreachable-url"},
-			"failed to",
+			"failed to read",
 		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
--- a/app/vmalert/config/fsurl/url.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/config/fsurl/url.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func (fs *FS) Read(files []string) (map[string][]byte, error) {
 				path, resp.StatusCode, http.StatusOK, data)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read %q: %w", path, err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot read %q: %s", path, err)
 		}
 		result[path] = data
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules/rules2-good.rules
+++ b/app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules/rules2-good.rules
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ groups:
              {{ . | first | value }}
            {{ end }}
          description: "It is {{ $value }} connections for {{$labels.instance}}"
-          link: http://localhost:3000/d/wNf0q_kZk?viewPanel=51&from={{($activeAt.Add (parseDurationTime "1h")).UnixMilli}}&to={{($activeAt.Add (parseDurationTime "-1h")).UnixMilli}}
      - alert: ExampleAlertAlwaysFiring
        update_entries_limit: -1
        expr: sum by(job)
--- a/app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules/rules3-good.rules
+++ b/app/vmalert/config/testdata/rules/rules3-good.rules
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ groups:
    interval: 2s
    concurrency: 2
    type: prometheus
-    eval_delay: 30s
    rules:
      - alert: Conns
        expr: sum(vm_tcplistener_conns) by (instance) > 1
--- a/app/vmalert/datasource/init.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/datasource/init.go
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httputils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/logger"
 )

@@ -38,17 +37,13 @@ var (
 	tlsCAFile             = flag.String("datasource.tlsCAFile", "", `Optional path to TLS CA file to use for verifying connections to -datasource.url. By default, system CA is used`)
 	tlsServerName         = flag.String("datasource.tlsServerName", "", `Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -datasource.url. By default, the server name from -datasource.url is used`)

-	oauth2ClientID         = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientID", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for -datasource.url")
-	oauth2ClientSecret     = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientSecret", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for -datasource.url")
-	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -datasource.url")
-	oauth2EndpointParams   = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.endpointParams", "", "Optional OAuth2 endpoint parameters to use for -datasource.url . "+
-		`The endpoint parameters must be set in JSON format: {"param1":"value1",...,"paramN":"valueN"}`)
-	oauth2TokenURL = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -datasource.url")
-	oauth2Scopes   = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -datasource.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'")
+	oauth2ClientID         = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientID", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for -datasource.url. ")
+	oauth2ClientSecret     = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientSecret", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for -datasource.url.")
+	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -datasource.url. ")
+	oauth2TokenURL         = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -datasource.url.")
+	oauth2Scopes           = flag.String("datasource.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -datasource.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'")

-	lookBack = flag.Duration("datasource.lookback", 0, `Will be deprecated soon, please adjust "-search.latencyOffset"  at datasource side `+
-		`or specify "latency_offset" in rule group's params. Lookback defines how far into the past to look when evaluating queries. `+
-		`For example, if the datasource.lookback=5m then param "time" with value now()-5m will be added to every query.`)
+	lookBack  = flag.Duration("datasource.lookback", 0, `Lookback defines how far into the past to look when evaluating queries. For example, if the datasource.lookback=5m then param "time" with value now()-5m will be added to every query.`)
 	queryStep = flag.Duration("datasource.queryStep", 5*time.Minute, "How far a value can fallback to when evaluating queries. "+
 		"For example, if -datasource.queryStep=15s then param \"step\" with value \"15s\" will be added to every query. "+
 		"If set to 0, rule's evaluation interval will be used instead.")
@@ -88,13 +83,10 @@ func Init(extraParams url.Values) (QuerierBuilder, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("datasource.url is empty")
 	}
 	if !*queryTimeAlignment {
-		logger.Warnf("flag `-datasource.queryTimeAlignment` is deprecated and will be removed in next releases. Please use `eval_alignment` in rule group instead.")
-	}
-	if *lookBack != 0 {
-		logger.Warnf("flag `-datasource.lookback` will be deprecated soon. Please use `-rule.evalDelay` command-line flag instead. See https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5155 for details.")
+		logger.Warnf("flag `datasource.queryTimeAlignment` is deprecated and will be removed in next releases, please use `eval_alignment` in rule group instead")
 	}

-	tr, err := httputils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+	tr, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -111,21 +103,17 @@ func Init(extraParams url.Values) (QuerierBuilder, error) {
 		extraParams.Set("round_digits", fmt.Sprintf("%d", *roundDigits))
 	}

-	endpointParams, err := flagutil.ParseJSONMap(*oauth2EndpointParams)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse JSON for -datasource.oauth2.endpointParams=%s: %w", *oauth2EndpointParams, err)
-	}
 	authCfg, err := utils.AuthConfig(
 		utils.WithBasicAuth(*basicAuthUsername, *basicAuthPassword, *basicAuthPasswordFile),
 		utils.WithBearer(*bearerToken, *bearerTokenFile),
-		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes, endpointParams),
+		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes),
 		utils.WithHeaders(*headers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to configure auth: %w", err)
 	}
 	_, err = authCfg.GetAuthHeader()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to set request auth header to datasource %q: %w", *addr, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to set request auth header to datasource %q: %s", *addr, err)
 	}

 	return &VMStorage{
--- a/app/vmalert/datasource/vm.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/datasource/vm.go
@@ -142,30 +142,24 @@ func (s *VMStorage) Query(ctx context.Context, query string, ts time.Time) (Resu
 		return Result{}, nil, err
 	}
 	resp, err := s.do(ctx, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) && !errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
-			// Return unexpected error to the caller.
-			return Result{}, nil, err
-		}
-		// Something in the middle between client and datasource might be closing
+	if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) || errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+		// something in the middle between client and datasource might be closing
 		// the connection. So we do a one more attempt in hope request will succeed.
-		req, err = s.newQueryRequest(query, ts)
-		if err != nil {
-			return Result{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-		}
+		req, _ = s.newQueryRequest(query, ts)
 		resp, err = s.do(ctx, req)
-		if err != nil {
-			return Result{}, nil, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-		}
 	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return Result{}, req, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = resp.Body.Close()
+	}()

-	// Process the received response.
 	parseFn := parsePrometheusResponse
 	if s.dataSourceType != datasourcePrometheus {
 		parseFn = parseGraphiteResponse
 	}
 	result, err := parseFn(req, resp)
-	_ = resp.Body.Close()
 	return result, req, err
 }

@@ -184,30 +178,22 @@ func (s *VMStorage) QueryRange(ctx context.Context, query string, start, end tim
 	}
 	req, err := s.newQueryRangeRequest(query, start, end)
 	if err != nil {
-		return res, err
+		return Result{}, err
 	}
 	resp, err := s.do(ctx, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		if !errors.Is(err, io.EOF) && !errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
-			// Return unexpected error to the caller.
-			return res, err
-		}
-		// Something in the middle between client and datasource might be closing
+	if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) || errors.Is(err, io.ErrUnexpectedEOF) {
+		// something in the middle between client and datasource might be closing
 		// the connection. So we do a one more attempt in hope request will succeed.
-		req, err = s.newQueryRangeRequest(query, start, end)
-		if err != nil {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-		}
+		req, _ = s.newQueryRangeRequest(query, start, end)
 		resp, err = s.do(ctx, req)
-		if err != nil {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("second attempt: %w", err)
-		}
 	}
-
-	// Process the received response.
-	res, err = parsePrometheusResponse(req, resp)
-	_ = resp.Body.Close()
-	return res, err
+	if err != nil {
+		return res, err
+	}
+	defer func() {
+		_ = resp.Body.Close()
+	}()
+	return parsePrometheusResponse(req, resp)
 }

 func (s *VMStorage) do(ctx context.Context, req *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
@@ -233,7 +219,7 @@ func (s *VMStorage) do(ctx context.Context, req *http.Request) (*http.Response,
 func (s *VMStorage) newQueryRangeRequest(query string, start, end time.Time) (*http.Request, error) {
 	req, err := s.newRequest()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create query_range request to datasource %q: %w", s.datasourceURL, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create query_range request to datasource %q: %s", s.datasourceURL, err)
 	}
 	s.setPrometheusRangeReqParams(req, query, start, end)
 	return req, nil
@@ -242,7 +228,7 @@ func (s *VMStorage) newQueryRangeRequest(query string, start, end time.Time) (*h
 func (s *VMStorage) newQueryRequest(query string, ts time.Time) (*http.Request, error) {
 	req, err := s.newRequest()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create query request to datasource %q: %w", s.datasourceURL, err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot create query request to datasource %q: %s", s.datasourceURL, err)
 	}
 	switch s.dataSourceType {
 	case "", datasourcePrometheus:
--- a/app/vmalert/datasource/vm_prom_api.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/datasource/vm_prom_api.go
@@ -112,14 +112,14 @@ func parsePrometheusResponse(req *http.Request, resp *http.Response) (res Result
 		return res, fmt.Errorf("response error, query: %s, errorType: %s, error: %s", req.URL.Redacted(), r.ErrorType, r.Error)
 	}
 	if r.Status != statusSuccess {
-		return res, fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %s, Expected success or error", r.Status)
+		return res, fmt.Errorf("unknown status: %s, Expected success or error ", r.Status)
 	}
 	var parseFn func() ([]Metric, error)
 	switch r.Data.ResultType {
 	case rtVector:
 		var pi promInstant
 		if err := json.Unmarshal(r.Data.Result, &pi.Result); err != nil {
-			return res, fmt.Errorf("unmarshal err %w; \n %#v", err, string(r.Data.Result))
+			return res, fmt.Errorf("umarshal err %s; \n %#v", err, string(r.Data.Result))
 		}
 		parseFn = pi.metrics
 	case rtMatrix:
--- a/app/vmalert/main.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/main.go
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ all files with prefix rule_ in folder dir.
 See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/vmalert.html#reading-rules-from-object-storage
 `)

-	ruleTemplatesPath = flagutil.NewArrayString("rule.templates", `Path or glob pattern to location with go template definitions `+
-		`for rules annotations templating. Flag can be specified multiple times.
+	ruleTemplatesPath = flagutil.NewArrayString("rule.templates", `Path or glob pattern to location with go template definitions
+	for rules annotations templating. Flag can be specified multiple times.
 Examples:
 -rule.templates="/path/to/file". Path to a single file with go templates
 -rule.templates="dir/*.tpl" -rule.templates="/*.tpl". Relative path to all .tpl files in "dir" folder,
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ absolute path to all .tpl files in root.
 	configCheckInterval = flag.Duration("configCheckInterval", 0, "Interval for checking for changes in '-rule' or '-notifier.config' files. "+
 		"By default, the checking is disabled. Send SIGHUP signal in order to force config check for changes.")

-	httpListenAddrs  = flagutil.NewArrayString("httpListenAddr", "Address to listen for incoming http requests. See also -tls and -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
-	useProxyProtocol = flagutil.NewArrayBool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at the corresponding -httpListenAddr . "+
+	httpListenAddr   = flag.String("httpListenAddr", ":8880", "Address to listen for http connections. See also -httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol")
+	useProxyProtocol = flag.Bool("httpListenAddr.useProxyProtocol", false, "Whether to use proxy protocol for connections accepted at -httpListenAddr . "+
 		"See https://www.haproxy.org/download/1.8/doc/proxy-protocol.txt . "+
 		"With enabled proxy protocol http server cannot serve regular /metrics endpoint. Use -pushmetrics.url for metrics pushing")
 	evaluationInterval = flag.Duration("evaluationInterval", time.Minute, "How often to evaluate the rules")
@@ -96,6 +96,7 @@ func main() {
 	notifier.InitSecretFlags()
 	buildinfo.Init()
 	logger.Init()
+	pushmetrics.Init()

 	if !*remoteReadIgnoreRestoreErrors {
 		logger.Warnf("flag `remoteRead.ignoreRestoreErrors` is deprecated and will be removed in next releases.")
@@ -117,9 +118,9 @@ func main() {
 		return
 	}

-	eu, err := getExternalURL(*externalURL)
+	eu, err := getExternalURL(*externalURL, *httpListenAddr, httpserver.IsTLS())
 	if err != nil {
-		logger.Fatalf("failed to init `-external.url`: %s", err)
+		logger.Fatalf("failed to init `external.url`: %s", err)
 	}

 	alertURLGeneratorFn, err = getAlertURLGenerator(eu, *externalAlertSource, *validateTemplates)
@@ -178,19 +179,12 @@ func main() {

 	go configReload(ctx, manager, groupsCfg, sighupCh)

-	listenAddrs := *httpListenAddrs
-	if len(listenAddrs) == 0 {
-		listenAddrs = []string{":8880"}
-	}
 	rh := &requestHandler{m: manager}
-	go httpserver.Serve(listenAddrs, useProxyProtocol, rh.handler)
+	go httpserver.Serve(*httpListenAddr, *useProxyProtocol, rh.handler)

-	pushmetrics.Init()
 	sig := procutil.WaitForSigterm()
 	logger.Infof("service received signal %s", sig)
-	pushmetrics.Stop()
-
-	if err := httpserver.Stop(listenAddrs); err != nil {
+	if err := httpserver.Stop(*httpListenAddr); err != nil {
 		logger.Fatalf("cannot stop the webservice: %s", err)
 	}
 	cancel()
@@ -200,7 +194,7 @@ func main() {
 var (
 	configReloads      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_total`)
 	configReloadErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_errors_total`)
-	configSuccess      = metrics.NewGauge(`vmalert_config_last_reload_successful`, nil)
+	configSuccess      = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_successful`)
 	configTimestamp    = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_config_last_reload_success_timestamp_seconds`)
 )

@@ -236,9 +230,7 @@ func newManager(ctx context.Context) (*manager, error) {
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init remoteWrite: %w", err)
 	}
-	if rw != nil {
-		manager.rw = rw
-	}
+	manager.rw = rw

 	rr, err := remoteread.Init()
 	if err != nil {
@@ -249,34 +241,16 @@ func newManager(ctx context.Context) (*manager, error) {
 	return manager, nil
 }

-func getExternalURL(customURL string) (*url.URL, error) {
-	if customURL == "" {
-		// use local hostname as external URL
-		listenAddr := ":8880"
-		if len(*httpListenAddrs) > 0 {
-			listenAddr = (*httpListenAddrs)[0]
-		}
-		isTLS := httpserver.IsTLS(0)
-
-		return getHostnameAsExternalURL(listenAddr, isTLS)
+func getExternalURL(externalURL, httpListenAddr string, isSecure bool) (*url.URL, error) {
+	if externalURL != "" {
+		return url.Parse(externalURL)
 	}
-	u, err := url.Parse(customURL)
+	hname, err := os.Hostname()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	if u.Scheme != "http" && u.Scheme != "https" {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid scheme %q in url %q, only 'http' and 'https' are supported", u.Scheme, u.String())
-	}
-	return u, nil
-}
-
-func getHostnameAsExternalURL(addr string, isSecure bool) (*url.URL, error) {
-	hname, err := os.Hostname()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to get hostname: %w", err)
-	}
 	port := ""
-	if ipport := strings.Split(addr, ":"); len(ipport) > 1 {
+	if ipport := strings.Split(httpListenAddr, ":"); len(ipport) > 1 {
 		port = ":" + ipport[1]
 	}
 	schema := "http://"
--- a/app/vmalert/main_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/main_test.go
@@ -22,29 +22,22 @@ func init() {
 }

 func TestGetExternalURL(t *testing.T) {
-	invalidURL := "victoriametrics.com/path"
-	_, err := getExternalURL(invalidURL)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Errorf("expected error, got nil")
-	}
-
-	expURL := "https://victoriametrics.com/path"
-	u, err := getExternalURL(expURL)
+	expURL := "https://vicotriametrics.com/path"
+	u, err := getExternalURL(expURL, "", false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
 	}
 	if u.String() != expURL {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected url: want %q, got %s", expURL, u.String())
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", expURL, u.String())
 	}
-
 	h, _ := os.Hostname()
-	expURL = fmt.Sprintf("http://%s:8880", h)
-	u, err = getExternalURL("")
+	expURL = fmt.Sprintf("https://%s:4242", h)
+	u, err = getExternalURL("", "0.0.0.0:4242", true)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("unexpected error %s", err)
 	}
 	if u.String() != expURL {
-		t.Errorf("unexpected url: want %s, got %s", expURL, u.String())
+		t.Errorf("unexpected url want %s, got %s", expURL, u.String())
 	}
 }

@@ -141,7 +134,7 @@ groups:
 				t.Fatalf("expected to have config error %s; got nil instead", cErr)
 			}
 			if cfgSuc != 0 {
-				t.Fatalf("expected to have metric configSuccess to be set to 0; got %v instead", cfgSuc)
+				t.Fatalf("expected to have metric configSuccess to be set to 0; got %d instead", cfgSuc)
 			}
 			return
 		}
@@ -150,7 +143,7 @@ groups:
 			t.Fatalf("unexpected config error: %s", cErr)
 		}
 		if cfgSuc != 1 {
-			t.Fatalf("expected to have metric configSuccess to be set to 1; got %v instead", cfgSuc)
+			t.Fatalf("expected to have metric configSuccess to be set to 1; got %d instead", cfgSuc)
 		}
 	}

--- a/app/vmalert/manager.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/manager.go
@@ -156,14 +156,11 @@ func (m *manager) update(ctx context.Context, groupsCfg []config.Group, restore
 		var wg sync.WaitGroup
 		for _, item := range toUpdate {
 			wg.Add(1)
-			// cancel evaluation so the Update will be applied as fast as possible.
-			// it is important to call InterruptEval before the update, because cancel fn
-			// can be re-assigned during the update.
-			item.old.InterruptEval()
 			go func(old *rule.Group, new *rule.Group) {
 				old.UpdateWith(new)
 				wg.Done()
 			}(item.old, item.new)
+			item.old.InterruptEval()
 		}
 		wg.Wait()
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/alert.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/alert.go
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ func (a Alert) toPromLabels(relabelCfg *promrelabel.ParsedConfigs) []prompbmarsh
 	var labels []prompbmarshal.Label
 	for k, v := range a.Labels {
 		labels = append(labels, prompbmarshal.Label{
-			Name:  promrelabel.SanitizeMetricName(k),
+			Name:  k,
 			Value: v,
 		})
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/alert_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/alert_test.go
@@ -237,11 +237,6 @@ func TestAlert_toPromLabels(t *testing.T) {
 		[]prompbmarshal.Label{{Name: "a", Value: "baz"}, {Name: "foo", Value: "bar"}},
 		nil,
 	)
-	fn(
-		map[string]string{"foo.bar": "baz", "service!name": "qux"},
-		[]prompbmarshal.Label{{Name: "foo_bar", Value: "baz"}, {Name: "service_name", Value: "qux"}},
-		nil,
-	)

 	pcs, err := promrelabel.ParseRelabelConfigsData([]byte(`
 - target_label: "foo"
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/alertmanager.go
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httputils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
 )
@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ func NewAlertManager(alertManagerURL string, fn AlertURLGenerator, authCfg proma
 	if authCfg.TLSConfig != nil {
 		tls = authCfg.TLSConfig
 	}
-	tr, err := httputils.Transport(alertManagerURL, tls.CertFile, tls.KeyFile, tls.CAFile, tls.ServerName, tls.InsecureSkipVerify)
+	tr, err := utils.Transport(alertManagerURL, tls.CertFile, tls.KeyFile, tls.CAFile, tls.ServerName, tls.InsecureSkipVerify)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -145,7 +144,7 @@ func NewAlertManager(alertManagerURL string, fn AlertURLGenerator, authCfg proma
 	aCfg, err := utils.AuthConfig(
 		utils.WithBasicAuth(ba.Username, ba.Password.String(), ba.PasswordFile),
 		utils.WithBearer(authCfg.BearerToken.String(), authCfg.BearerTokenFile),
-		utils.WithOAuth(oauth.ClientID, oauth.ClientSecretFile, oauth.ClientSecretFile, oauth.TokenURL, strings.Join(oauth.Scopes, ";"), oauth.EndpointParams))
+		utils.WithOAuth(oauth.ClientID, oauth.ClientSecretFile, oauth.ClientSecretFile, oauth.TokenURL, strings.Join(oauth.Scopes, ";")))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to configure auth: %w", err)
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/config.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/config.go
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ package notifier
 import (
 	"crypto/md5"
 	"fmt"
+	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
 	"net/url"
 	"os"
 	"path"
@@ -10,8 +11,6 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 	"time"

-	"gopkg.in/yaml.v2"
-
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promauth"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promrelabel"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promscrape/discovery/consul"
@@ -143,23 +142,26 @@ func parseLabels(target string, metaLabels *promutils.Labels, cfg *Config) (stri
 	if labels.Len() == 0 {
 		return "", nil, nil
 	}
-	scheme := labels.Get("__scheme__")
-	if len(scheme) == 0 {
-		scheme = "http"
+	schemeRelabeled := labels.Get("__scheme__")
+	if len(schemeRelabeled) == 0 {
+		schemeRelabeled = "http"
 	}
-	alertsPath := labels.Get("__alerts_path__")
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(alertsPath, "/") {
-		alertsPath = "/" + alertsPath
-	}
-	address := labels.Get("__address__")
-	if len(address) == 0 {
+	addressRelabeled := labels.Get("__address__")
+	if len(addressRelabeled) == 0 {
 		return "", nil, nil
 	}
-	address = addMissingPort(scheme, address)
-	u := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", scheme, address, alertsPath)
+	if strings.Contains(addressRelabeled, "/") {
+		return "", nil, nil
+	}
+	addressRelabeled = addMissingPort(schemeRelabeled, addressRelabeled)
+	alertsPathRelabeled := labels.Get("__alerts_path__")
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(alertsPathRelabeled, "/") {
+		alertsPathRelabeled = "/" + alertsPathRelabeled
+	}
+	u := fmt.Sprintf("%s://%s%s", schemeRelabeled, addressRelabeled, alertsPathRelabeled)
 	if _, err := url.Parse(u); err != nil {
 		return "", nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid url %q for scheme=%q (%q), target=%q, metrics_path=%q (%q): %w",
-			u, cfg.Scheme, scheme, target, address, alertsPath, err)
+			u, cfg.Scheme, schemeRelabeled, target, addressRelabeled, alertsPathRelabeled, err)
 	}
 	return u, labels, nil
 }
@@ -179,24 +181,9 @@ func addMissingPort(scheme, target string) string {
 func mergeLabels(target string, metaLabels *promutils.Labels, cfg *Config) *promutils.Labels {
 	// See https://prometheus.io/docs/prometheus/latest/configuration/configuration/#relabel_config
 	m := promutils.NewLabels(3 + metaLabels.Len())
-	address := target
-	scheme := cfg.Scheme
-	alertsPath := path.Join("/", cfg.PathPrefix, alertManagerPath)
-	// try to extract optional scheme and alertsPath from __address__.
-	if strings.HasPrefix(address, "http://") {
-		scheme = "http"
-		address = address[len("http://"):]
-	} else if strings.HasPrefix(address, "https://") {
-		scheme = "https"
-		address = address[len("https://"):]
-	}
-	if n := strings.IndexByte(address, '/'); n >= 0 {
-		alertsPath = address[n:]
-		address = address[:n]
-	}
-	m.Add("__address__", address)
-	m.Add("__scheme__", scheme)
-	m.Add("__alerts_path__", alertsPath)
+	m.Add("__address__", target)
+	m.Add("__scheme__", cfg.Scheme)
+	m.Add("__alerts_path__", path.Join("/", cfg.PathPrefix, alertManagerPath))
 	m.AddFrom(metaLabels)
 	return m
 }
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/config_watcher.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/config_watcher.go
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) reload(path string) error {
 func (cw *configWatcher) add(typeK TargetType, interval time.Duration, labelsFn getLabels) error {
 	targets, errors := targetsFromLabels(labelsFn, cw.cfg, cw.genFn)
 	for _, err := range errors {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to init notifier for %q: %w", typeK, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to init notifier for %q: %s", typeK, err)
 	}

 	cw.setTargets(typeK, targets)
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) add(typeK TargetType, interval time.Duration, labelsFn
 			}
 			updateTargets, errors := targetsFromLabels(labelsFn, cw.cfg, cw.genFn)
 			for _, err := range errors {
-				logger.Errorf("failed to init notifier for %q: %w", typeK, err)
+				logger.Errorf("failed to init notifier for %q: %s", typeK, err)
 			}
 			cw.setTargets(typeK, updateTargets)
 		}
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) add(typeK TargetType, interval time.Duration, labelsFn
 func targetsFromLabels(labelsFn getLabels, cfg *Config, genFn AlertURLGenerator) ([]Target, []error) {
 	metaLabels, err := labelsFn()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to get labels: %w", err)}
+		return nil, []error{fmt.Errorf("failed to get labels: %s", err)}
 	}
 	var targets []Target
 	var errors []error
@@ -167,11 +167,11 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) start() error {
 			for _, target := range cfg.Targets {
 				address, labels, err := parseLabels(target, nil, cw.cfg)
 				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse labels for target %q: %w", target, err)
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse labels for target %q: %s", target, err)
 				}
 				notifier, err := NewAlertManager(address, cw.genFn, httpCfg, cw.cfg.parsedAlertRelabelConfigs, cw.cfg.Timeout.Duration())
 				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("failed to init alertmanager for addr %q: %w", address, err)
+					return fmt.Errorf("failed to init alertmanager for addr %q: %s", address, err)
 				}
 				targets = append(targets, Target{
 					Notifier: notifier,
@@ -189,14 +189,14 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) start() error {
 				sdc := &cw.cfg.ConsulSDConfigs[i]
 				targetLabels, err := sdc.GetLabels(cw.cfg.baseDir)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("got labels err: %w", err)
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("got labels err: %s", err)
 				}
 				labels = append(labels, targetLabels...)
 			}
 			return labels, nil
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to start consulSD discovery: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to start consulSD discovery: %s", err)
 		}
 	}

@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ func (cw *configWatcher) start() error {
 				sdc := &cw.cfg.DNSSDConfigs[i]
 				targetLabels, err := sdc.GetLabels(cw.cfg.baseDir)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("got labels err: %w", err)
+					return nil, fmt.Errorf("got labels err: %s", err)
 				}
 				labels = append(labels, targetLabels...)
 			}
 			return labels, nil
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("failed to start DNSSD discovery: %w", err)
+			return fmt.Errorf("failed to start DNSSD discovery: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/config_watcher_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/config_watcher_test.go
@@ -318,47 +318,3 @@ func TestMergeHTTPClientConfigs(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected BasicAuth tp be present")
 	}
 }
-
-func TestParseLabels(t *testing.T) {
-	testCases := []struct {
-		name            string
-		target          string
-		cfg             *Config
-		expectedAddress string
-		expectedErr     bool
-	}{
-		{
-			"invalid address",
-			"invalid:*//url",
-			&Config{},
-			"",
-			true,
-		},
-		{
-			"use some default params",
-			"alertmanager:9093",
-			&Config{PathPrefix: "test"},
-			"http://alertmanager:9093/test/api/v2/alerts",
-			false,
-		},
-		{
-			"use target address",
-			"https://alertmanager:9093/api/v1/alerts",
-			&Config{Scheme: "http", PathPrefix: "test"},
-			"https://alertmanager:9093/api/v1/alerts",
-			false,
-		},
-	}
-
-	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			address, _, err := parseLabels(tc.target, nil, tc.cfg)
-			if err == nil == tc.expectedErr {
-				t.Fatalf("unexpected error; got %t; want %t", err != nil, tc.expectedErr)
-			}
-			if address != tc.expectedAddress {
-				t.Fatalf("unexpected address; got %q; want %q", address, tc.expectedAddress)
-			}
-		})
-	}
-}
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/init.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/init.go
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ var (
 		"It is hidden by default, since it can contain sensitive info such as auth key")
 	blackHole = flag.Bool("notifier.blackhole", false, "Whether to blackhole alerting notifications. "+
 		"Enable this flag if you want vmalert to evaluate alerting rules without sending any notifications to external receivers (eg. alertmanager). "+
-		"-notifier.url, -notifier.config and -notifier.blackhole are mutually exclusive.")
+		"`-notifier.url`, `-notifier.config` and `-notifier.blackhole` are mutually exclusive.")

 	basicAuthUsername     = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.basicAuth.username", "Optional basic auth username for -notifier.url")
 	basicAuthPassword     = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.basicAuth.password", "Optional basic auth password for -notifier.url")
@@ -46,8 +46,6 @@ var (
 		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -notifier.url")
 	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -notifier.url. "+
 		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -notifier.url")
-	oauth2EndpointParams = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.oauth2.endpointParams", "Optional OAuth2 endpoint parameters to use for the corresponding -notifier.url . "+
-		`The endpoint parameters must be set in JSON format: {"param1":"value1",...,"paramN":"valueN"}`)
 	oauth2TokenURL = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.oauth2.tokenUrl", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -notifier.url. "+
 		"If multiple args are set, then they are applied independently for the corresponding -notifier.url")
 	oauth2Scopes = flagutil.NewArrayString("notifier.oauth2.scopes", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -notifier.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'. "+
@@ -92,7 +90,7 @@ func Init(gen AlertURLGenerator, extLabels map[string]string, extURL string) (fu
 	externalLabels = extLabels
 	eu, err := url.Parse(externalURL)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse external URL: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse external URL: %s", err)
 	}

 	templates.UpdateWithFuncs(templates.FuncsWithExternalURL(eu))
@@ -118,7 +116,7 @@ func Init(gen AlertURLGenerator, extLabels map[string]string, extURL string) (fu
 	if len(*addrs) > 0 {
 		notifiers, err := notifiersFromFlags(gen)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create notifier from flag values: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create notifier from flag values: %s", err)
 		}
 		staticNotifiersFn = func() []Notifier {
 			return notifiers
@@ -128,7 +126,7 @@ func Init(gen AlertURLGenerator, extLabels map[string]string, extURL string) (fu

 	cw, err = newWatcher(*configPath, gen)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init config watcher: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to init config watcher: %s", err)
 	}
 	return cw.notifiers, nil
 }
@@ -143,11 +141,6 @@ func InitSecretFlags() {
 func notifiersFromFlags(gen AlertURLGenerator) ([]Notifier, error) {
 	var notifiers []Notifier
 	for i, addr := range *addrs {
-		endpointParamsJSON := oauth2EndpointParams.GetOptionalArg(i)
-		endpointParams, err := flagutil.ParseJSONMap(endpointParamsJSON)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse JSON for -notifier.oauth2.endpointParams=%s: %w", endpointParamsJSON, err)
-		}
 		authCfg := promauth.HTTPClientConfig{
 			TLSConfig: &promauth.TLSConfig{
 				CAFile:             tlsCAFile.GetOptionalArg(i),
@@ -167,7 +160,6 @@ func notifiersFromFlags(gen AlertURLGenerator) ([]Notifier, error) {
 				ClientID:         oauth2ClientID.GetOptionalArg(i),
 				ClientSecret:     promauth.NewSecret(oauth2ClientSecret.GetOptionalArg(i)),
 				ClientSecretFile: oauth2ClientSecretFile.GetOptionalArg(i),
-				EndpointParams:   endpointParams,
 				Scopes:           strings.Split(oauth2Scopes.GetOptionalArg(i), ";"),
 				TokenURL:         oauth2TokenURL.GetOptionalArg(i),
 			},
--- a/app/vmalert/notifier/testdata/static.good.yaml
+++ b/app/vmalert/notifier/testdata/static.good.yaml
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ static_configs:
  - targets:
      - localhost:9093
      - localhost:9095
-      - https://localhost:9093/test/api/v2/alerts
    basic_auth:
      username: foo
      password: bar
--- a/app/vmalert/remoteread/init.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remoteread/init.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httputils"
 )

 var (
@@ -42,10 +41,8 @@ var (
 	oauth2ClientID         = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.clientID", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for -remoteRead.url.")
 	oauth2ClientSecret     = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.clientSecret", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for -remoteRead.url.")
 	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -remoteRead.url.")
-	oauth2EndpointParams   = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.endpointParams", "", "Optional OAuth2 endpoint parameters to use for -remoteRead.url . "+
-		`The endpoint parameters must be set in JSON format: {"param1":"value1",...,"paramN":"valueN"}`)
-	oauth2TokenURL = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -remoteRead.url. ")
-	oauth2Scopes   = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -remoteRead.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'.")
+	oauth2TokenURL         = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -remoteRead.url. ")
+	oauth2Scopes           = flag.String("remoteRead.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -remoteRead.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'.")
 )

 // InitSecretFlags must be called after flag.Parse and before any logging
@@ -61,19 +58,15 @@ func Init() (datasource.QuerierBuilder, error) {
 	if *addr == "" {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
-	tr, err := httputils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+	tr, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
 	}

-	endpointParams, err := flagutil.ParseJSONMap(*oauth2EndpointParams)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse JSON for -remoteRead.oauth2.endpointParams=%s: %w", *oauth2EndpointParams, err)
-	}
 	authCfg, err := utils.AuthConfig(
 		utils.WithBasicAuth(*basicAuthUsername, *basicAuthPassword, *basicAuthPasswordFile),
 		utils.WithBearer(*bearerToken, *bearerTokenFile),
-		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes, endpointParams),
+		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes),
 		utils.WithHeaders(*headers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to configure auth: %w", err)
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package remotewrite
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
-	"errors"
 	"flag"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
@@ -118,17 +117,12 @@ func NewClient(ctx context.Context, cfg Config) (*Client, error) {
 // Push adds timeseries into queue for writing into remote storage.
 // Push returns and error if client is stopped or if queue is full.
 func (c *Client) Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
-	rwTotal.Inc()
 	select {
 	case <-c.doneCh:
-		rwErrors.Inc()
-		droppedRows.Add(len(s.Samples))
 		return fmt.Errorf("client is closed")
 	case c.input <- s:
 		return nil
 	default:
-		rwErrors.Inc()
-		droppedRows.Add(len(s.Samples))
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to push timeseries - queue is full (%d entries). "+
 			"Queue size is controlled by -remoteWrite.maxQueueSize flag",
 			c.maxQueueSize)
@@ -187,13 +181,11 @@ func (c *Client) run(ctx context.Context) {
 }

 var (
-	rwErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_errors_total`)
-	rwTotal  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_total`)
-
 	sentRows            = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_rows_total`)
 	sentBytes           = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_sent_bytes_total`)
-	droppedRows         = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_rows_total`)
 	sendDuration        = metrics.NewFloatCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_send_duration_seconds_total`)
+	droppedRows         = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_rows_total`)
+	droppedBytes        = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_dropped_bytes_total`)
 	bufferFlushDuration = metrics.NewHistogram(`vmalert_remotewrite_flush_duration_seconds`)

 	_ = metrics.NewGauge(`vmalert_remotewrite_concurrency`, func() float64 {
@@ -208,10 +200,15 @@ func (c *Client) flush(ctx context.Context, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
 	if len(wr.Timeseries) < 1 {
 		return
 	}
-	defer wr.Reset()
+	defer prompbmarshal.ResetWriteRequest(wr)
 	defer bufferFlushDuration.UpdateDuration(time.Now())

-	data := wr.MarshalProtobuf(nil)
+	data, err := wr.Marshal()
+	if err != nil {
+		logger.Errorf("failed to marshal WriteRequest: %s", err)
+		return
+	}
+
 	b := snappy.Encode(nil, data)

 	retryInterval, maxRetryInterval := *retryMinInterval, *retryMaxTime
@@ -225,11 +222,6 @@ func (c *Client) flush(ctx context.Context, wr *prompbmarshal.WriteRequest) {
 L:
 	for attempts := 0; ; attempts++ {
 		err := c.send(ctx, b)
-		if errors.Is(err, io.EOF) {
-			// Something in the middle between client and destination might be closing
-			// the connection. So we do a one more attempt in hope request will succeed.
-			err = c.send(ctx, b)
-		}
 		if err == nil {
 			sentRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
 			sentBytes.Add(len(b))
@@ -267,12 +259,8 @@ L:

 	}

-	rwErrors.Inc()
-	rows := 0
-	for _, ts := range wr.Timeseries {
-		rows += len(ts.Samples)
-	}
-	droppedRows.Add(rows)
+	droppedRows.Add(len(wr.Timeseries))
+	droppedBytes.Add(len(b))
 	logger.Errorf("attempts to send remote-write request failed - dropping %d time series",
 		len(wr.Timeseries))
 }
@@ -294,9 +282,7 @@ func (c *Client) send(ctx context.Context, data []byte) error {
 	if c.authCfg != nil {
 		err = c.authCfg.SetHeaders(req, true)
 		if err != nil {
-			return &nonRetriableError{
-				err: err,
-			}
+			return &nonRetriableError{err: err}
 		}
 	}
 	if !*disablePathAppend {
@@ -315,14 +301,13 @@ func (c *Client) send(ctx context.Context, data []byte) error {
 	// Prometheus remote Write compatible receivers MUST
 	switch resp.StatusCode / 100 {
 	case 2:
-		// respond with HTTP 2xx status code when write is successful.
+		// respond with a HTTP 2xx status code when the write is successful.
 		return nil
 	case 4:
 		if resp.StatusCode != http.StatusTooManyRequests {
 			// MUST NOT retry write requests on HTTP 4xx responses other than 429
-			return &nonRetriableError{
-				err: fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q", resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body),
-			}
+			return &nonRetriableError{fmt.Errorf("unexpected response code %d for %s. Response body %q",
+				resp.StatusCode, req.URL.Redacted(), body)}
 		}
 		fallthrough
 	default:
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/client_test.go
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func (rw *rwServer) handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 	wr := &prompb.WriteRequest{}
-	if err := wr.UnmarshalProtobuf(b); err != nil {
+	if err := wr.Unmarshal(b); err != nil {
 		rw.err(w, fmt.Errorf("unmarhsal err: %w", err))
 		return
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/debug_client.go
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import (

 	"github.com/golang/snappy"

-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httputils"
+	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 )

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func NewDebugClient() (*DebugClient, error) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}

-	t, err := httputils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+	t, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
 	}
@@ -49,7 +49,10 @@ func (c *DebugClient) Push(s prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
 	c.wg.Add(1)
 	defer c.wg.Done()
 	wr := &prompbmarshal.WriteRequest{Timeseries: []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{s}}
-	data := wr.MarshalProtobuf(nil)
+	data, err := wr.Marshal()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to marshal the given time series: %w", err)
+	}

 	return c.send(data)
 }
--- a/app/vmalert/remotewrite/init.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/remotewrite/init.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/flagutil"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/httputils"
 )

 var (
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ var (

 	maxQueueSize  = flag.Int("remoteWrite.maxQueueSize", 1e5, "Defines the max number of pending datapoints to remote write endpoint")
 	maxBatchSize  = flag.Int("remoteWrite.maxBatchSize", 1e3, "Defines max number of timeseries to be flushed at once")
-	concurrency   = flag.Int("remoteWrite.concurrency", 1, "Defines number of writers for concurrent writing into remote write endpoint")
+	concurrency   = flag.Int("remoteWrite.concurrency", 1, "Defines number of writers for concurrent writing into remote querier")
 	flushInterval = flag.Duration("remoteWrite.flushInterval", 5*time.Second, "Defines interval of flushes to remote write endpoint")

 	tlsInsecureSkipVerify = flag.Bool("remoteWrite.tlsInsecureSkipVerify", false, "Whether to skip tls verification when connecting to -remoteWrite.url")
@@ -42,13 +41,11 @@ var (
 	tlsServerName = flag.String("remoteWrite.tlsServerName", "", "Optional TLS server name to use for connections to -remoteWrite.url. "+
 		"By default, the server name from -remoteWrite.url is used")

-	oauth2ClientID         = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientID", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for -remoteWrite.url")
-	oauth2ClientSecret     = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecret", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for -remoteWrite.url")
-	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -remoteWrite.url")
-	oauth2EndpointParams   = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.endpointParams", "", "Optional OAuth2 endpoint parameters to use for -remoteWrite.url . "+
-		`The endpoint parameters must be set in JSON format: {"param1":"value1",...,"paramN":"valueN"}`)
-	oauth2TokenURL = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -notifier.url.")
-	oauth2Scopes   = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -notifier.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'.")
+	oauth2ClientID         = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientID", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientID to use for -remoteWrite.url.")
+	oauth2ClientSecret     = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecret", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecret to use for -remoteWrite.url.")
+	oauth2ClientSecretFile = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.clientSecretFile", "", "Optional OAuth2 clientSecretFile to use for -remoteWrite.url.")
+	oauth2TokenURL         = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.tokenUrl", "", "Optional OAuth2 tokenURL to use for -notifier.url.")
+	oauth2Scopes           = flag.String("remoteWrite.oauth2.scopes", "", "Optional OAuth2 scopes to use for -notifier.url. Scopes must be delimited by ';'.")
 )

 // InitSecretFlags must be called after flag.Parse and before any logging
@@ -65,19 +62,15 @@ func Init(ctx context.Context) (*Client, error) {
 		return nil, nil
 	}

-	t, err := httputils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
+	t, err := utils.Transport(*addr, *tlsCertFile, *tlsKeyFile, *tlsCAFile, *tlsServerName, *tlsInsecureSkipVerify)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create transport: %w", err)
 	}

-	endpointParams, err := flagutil.ParseJSONMap(*oauth2EndpointParams)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot parse JSON for -remoteWrite.oauth2.endpointParams=%s: %w", *oauth2EndpointParams, err)
-	}
 	authCfg, err := utils.AuthConfig(
 		utils.WithBasicAuth(*basicAuthUsername, *basicAuthPassword, *basicAuthPasswordFile),
 		utils.WithBearer(*bearerToken, *bearerTokenFile),
-		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes, endpointParams),
+		utils.WithOAuth(*oauth2ClientID, *oauth2ClientSecret, *oauth2ClientSecretFile, *oauth2TokenURL, *oauth2Scopes),
 		utils.WithHeaders(*headers))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to configure auth: %w", err)
--- a/app/vmalert/replay.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/replay.go
@@ -36,11 +36,11 @@ func replay(groupsCfg []config.Group, qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, rw remotewri
 	}
 	tFrom, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, *replayFrom)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", *replayFrom, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", *replayFrom, err)
 	}
 	tTo, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, *replayTo)
 	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %w", *replayTo, err)
+		return fmt.Errorf("failed to parse %q: %s", *replayTo, err)
 	}
 	if !tTo.After(tFrom) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("replay.timeTo must be bigger than replay.timeFrom")
--- a/app/vmalert/rule/alerting.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/alerting.go
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ type AlertingRule struct {
 	Annotations   map[string]string
 	GroupID       uint64
 	GroupName     string
-	File          string
 	EvalInterval  time.Duration
 	Debug         bool

@@ -48,7 +47,7 @@ type AlertingRule struct {
 }

 type alertingRuleMetrics struct {
-	errors        *utils.Counter
+	errors        *utils.Gauge
 	pending       *utils.Gauge
 	active        *utils.Gauge
 	samples       *utils.Gauge
@@ -68,7 +67,6 @@ func NewAlertingRule(qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, group *Group, cfg config.Rule
 		Annotations:   cfg.Annotations,
 		GroupID:       group.ID(),
 		GroupName:     group.Name,
-		File:          group.File,
 		EvalInterval:  group.Interval,
 		Debug:         cfg.Debug,
 		q: qb.BuildWithParams(datasource.QuerierParams{
@@ -93,7 +91,7 @@ func NewAlertingRule(qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, group *Group, cfg config.Rule
 		entries: make([]StateEntry, entrySize),
 	}

-	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`alertname=%q, group=%q, file=%q, id="%d"`, ar.Name, group.Name, group.File, ar.ID())
+	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`alertname=%q, group=%q, id="%d"`, ar.Name, group.Name, ar.ID())
 	ar.metrics.pending = utils.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerts_pending{%s}`, labels),
 		func() float64 {
 			ar.alertsMu.RLock()
@@ -118,7 +116,14 @@ func NewAlertingRule(qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, group *Group, cfg config.Rule
 			}
 			return float64(num)
 		})
-	ar.metrics.errors = utils.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{%s}`, labels))
+	ar.metrics.errors = utils.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerting_rules_error{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			e := ar.state.getLast()
+			if e.Err == nil {
+				return 0
+			}
+			return 1
+		})
 	ar.metrics.samples = utils.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerting_rules_last_evaluation_samples{%s}`, labels),
 		func() float64 {
 			e := ar.state.getLast()
@@ -237,30 +242,11 @@ type labelSet struct {
 	origin map[string]string
 	// processed labels includes origin labels
 	// plus extra labels (group labels, service labels like alertNameLabel).
-	// in case of key conflicts, origin labels are renamed with prefix `exported_` and extra labels are preferred.
-	// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5161
+	// in case of conflicts, extra labels are preferred.
 	// used as labels attached to notifier.Alert and ALERTS series written to remote storage.
 	processed map[string]string
 }

-// add adds a value v with key k to origin and processed label sets.
-// On k conflicts in processed set, the passed v is preferred.
-// On k conflicts in origin set, the original value is preferred and copied
-// to processed with `exported_%k` key. The copy happens only if passed v isn't equal to origin[k] value.
-func (ls *labelSet) add(k, v string) {
-	ls.processed[k] = v
-	ov, ok := ls.origin[k]
-	if !ok {
-		ls.origin[k] = v
-		return
-	}
-	if ov != v {
-		// copy value only if v and ov are different
-		key := fmt.Sprintf("exported_%s", k)
-		ls.processed[key] = ov
-	}
-}
-
 // toLabels converts labels from given Metric
 // to labelSet which contains original and processed labels.
 func (ar *AlertingRule) toLabels(m datasource.Metric, qFn templates.QueryFn) (*labelSet, error) {
@@ -283,80 +269,73 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) toLabels(m datasource.Metric, qFn templates.QueryFn) (*l
 		Expr:   ar.Expr,
 	})
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %s", err)
 	}
 	for k, v := range extraLabels {
-		ls.add(k, v)
+		ls.processed[k] = v
+		if _, ok := ls.origin[k]; !ok {
+			ls.origin[k] = v
+		}
 	}
+
 	// set additional labels to identify group and rule name
 	if ar.Name != "" {
-		ls.add(alertNameLabel, ar.Name)
+		ls.processed[alertNameLabel] = ar.Name
+		if _, ok := ls.origin[alertNameLabel]; !ok {
+			ls.origin[alertNameLabel] = ar.Name
+		}
 	}
 	if !*disableAlertGroupLabel && ar.GroupName != "" {
-		ls.add(alertGroupNameLabel, ar.GroupName)
+		ls.processed[alertGroupNameLabel] = ar.GroupName
+		if _, ok := ls.origin[alertGroupNameLabel]; !ok {
+			ls.origin[alertGroupNameLabel] = ar.GroupName
+		}
 	}
 	return ls, nil
 }

 // execRange executes alerting rule on the given time range similarly to exec.
-// When making consecutive calls make sure to respect time linearity for start and end params,
-// as this function modifies AlertingRule alerts state.
-// It is not thread safe.
-// It returns ALERT and ALERT_FOR_STATE time series as a result.
+// It doesn't update internal states of the Rule and meant to be used just
+// to get time series for backfilling.
+// It returns ALERT and ALERT_FOR_STATE time series as result.
 func (ar *AlertingRule) execRange(ctx context.Context, start, end time.Time) ([]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, error) {
 	res, err := ar.q.QueryRange(ctx, ar.Expr, start, end)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	var result []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
-	holdAlertState := make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert)
 	qFn := func(query string) ([]datasource.Metric, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("`query` template isn't supported in replay mode")
 	}
 	for _, s := range res.Data {
-		ls, err := ar.toLabels(s, qFn)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %s", err)
-		}
-		h := hash(ls.processed)
 		a, err := ar.newAlert(s, nil, time.Time{}, qFn) // initial alert
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create alert: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to create alert: %s", err)
+		}
+		if ar.For == 0 { // if alert is instant
+			a.State = notifier.StateFiring
+			for i := range s.Values {
+				result = append(result, ar.alertToTimeSeries(a, s.Timestamps[i])...)
+			}
+			continue
 		}

+		// if alert with For > 0
 		prevT := time.Time{}
 		for i := range s.Values {
 			at := time.Unix(s.Timestamps[i], 0)
-			// try to restore alert's state on the first iteration
-			if at.Equal(start) {
-				if _, ok := ar.alerts[h]; ok {
-					a = ar.alerts[h]
-					prevT = at
-				}
-			}
 			if at.Sub(prevT) > ar.EvalInterval {
 				// reset to Pending if there are gaps > EvalInterval between DPs
 				a.State = notifier.StatePending
 				a.ActiveAt = at
-				a.Start = time.Time{}
-			} else if at.Sub(a.ActiveAt) >= ar.For && a.State != notifier.StateFiring {
+			} else if at.Sub(a.ActiveAt) >= ar.For {
 				a.State = notifier.StateFiring
 				a.Start = at
 			}
 			prevT = at
-			if ar.For == 0 {
-				// rules with `for: 0` are always firing when they have Value
-				a.State = notifier.StateFiring
-			}
 			result = append(result, ar.alertToTimeSeries(a, s.Timestamps[i])...)
-
-			// save alert's state on last iteration, so it can be used on the next execRange call
-			if at.Equal(end) {
-				holdAlertState[h] = a
-			}
 		}
 	}
-	ar.alerts = holdAlertState
 	return result, nil
 }

@@ -381,9 +360,6 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]pr

 	defer func() {
 		ar.state.add(curState)
-		if curState.Err != nil {
-			ar.metrics.errors.Inc()
-		}
 	}()

 	ar.alertsMu.Lock()
@@ -412,12 +388,13 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]pr
 	for _, m := range res.Data {
 		ls, err := ar.toLabels(m, qFn)
 		if err != nil {
-			curState.Err = fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %w", err)
+			curState.Err = fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %s", err)
 			return nil, curState.Err
 		}
 		h := hash(ls.processed)
 		if _, ok := updated[h]; ok {
-			// duplicate may be caused the removal of `__name__` label
+			// duplicate may be caused by extra labels
+			// conflicting with the metric labels
 			curState.Err = fmt.Errorf("labels %v: %w", ls.processed, errDuplicate)
 			return nil, curState.Err
 		}
@@ -440,13 +417,14 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]pr
 			a.KeepFiringSince = time.Time{}
 			continue
 		}
-		a, err := ar.newAlert(m, ls, ts, qFn)
+		a, err := ar.newAlert(m, ls, start, qFn)
 		if err != nil {
 			curState.Err = fmt.Errorf("failed to create alert: %w", err)
 			return nil, curState.Err
 		}
 		a.ID = h
 		a.State = notifier.StatePending
+		a.ActiveAt = ts
 		ar.alerts[h] = a
 		ar.logDebugf(ts, a, "created in state PENDING")
 	}
@@ -472,7 +450,7 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]pr
 				}
 				// alerts with ar.KeepFiringFor>0 may remain FIRING
 				// even if their expression isn't true anymore
-				if ts.Sub(a.KeepFiringSince) >= ar.KeepFiringFor {
+				if ts.Sub(a.KeepFiringSince) > ar.KeepFiringFor {
 					a.State = notifier.StateInactive
 					a.ResolvedAt = ts
 					ar.logDebugf(ts, a, "FIRING => INACTIVE: is absent in current evaluation round")
@@ -535,7 +513,7 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) newAlert(m datasource.Metric, ls *labelSet, start time.T
 	if ls == nil {
 		ls, err = ar.toLabels(m, qFn)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %w", err)
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to expand labels: %s", err)
 		}
 	}
 	a := &notifier.Alert{
@@ -552,9 +530,9 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) newAlert(m datasource.Metric, ls *labelSet, start time.T
 }

 const (
-	// alertMetricName is the metric name for time series reflecting the alert state.
+	// alertMetricName is the metric name for synthetic alert timeseries.
 	alertMetricName = "ALERTS"
-	// alertForStateMetricName is the metric name for time series reflecting the moment of time when alert became active.
+	// alertForStateMetricName is the metric name for 'for' state of alert.
 	alertForStateMetricName = "ALERTS_FOR_STATE"

 	// alertNameLabel is the label name indicating the name of an alert.
@@ -569,10 +547,12 @@ const (

 // alertToTimeSeries converts the given alert with the given timestamp to time series
 func (ar *AlertingRule) alertToTimeSeries(a *notifier.Alert, timestamp int64) []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
-	return []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
-		alertToTimeSeries(a, timestamp),
-		alertForToTimeSeries(a, timestamp),
+	var tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
+	tss = append(tss, alertToTimeSeries(a, timestamp))
+	if ar.For > 0 {
+		tss = append(tss, alertForToTimeSeries(a, timestamp))
 	}
+	return tss
 }

 func alertToTimeSeries(a *notifier.Alert, timestamp int64) prompbmarshal.TimeSeries {
@@ -611,41 +591,44 @@ func (ar *AlertingRule) restore(ctx context.Context, q datasource.Querier, ts ti
 		return nil
 	}

-	nameStr := fmt.Sprintf("%s=%q", alertNameLabel, ar.Name)
-	if !*disableAlertGroupLabel {
-		nameStr = fmt.Sprintf("%s=%q,%s=%q", alertGroupNameLabel, ar.GroupName, alertNameLabel, ar.Name)
-	}
-	var labelsFilter string
-	for k, v := range ar.Labels {
-		labelsFilter += fmt.Sprintf(",%s=%q", k, v)
-	}
-	expr := fmt.Sprintf("last_over_time(%s{%s%s}[%ds])",
-		alertForStateMetricName, nameStr, labelsFilter, int(lookback.Seconds()))
-
-	res, _, err := q.Query(ctx, expr, ts)
-	if err != nil {
-		return fmt.Errorf("failed to execute restore query %q: %w ", expr, err)
-	}
-
-	if len(res.Data) < 1 {
-		ar.logDebugf(ts, nil, "no response was received from restore query")
-		return nil
-	}
-	for _, series := range res.Data {
-		series.DelLabel("__name__")
-		labelSet := make(map[string]string, len(series.Labels))
-		for _, v := range series.Labels {
-			labelSet[v.Name] = v.Value
-		}
-		id := hash(labelSet)
-		a, ok := ar.alerts[id]
-		if !ok {
-			continue
-		}
+	for _, a := range ar.alerts {
 		if a.Restored || a.State != notifier.StatePending {
 			continue
 		}
-		a.ActiveAt = time.Unix(int64(series.Values[0]), 0)
+
+		var labelsFilter []string
+		for k, v := range a.Labels {
+			labelsFilter = append(labelsFilter, fmt.Sprintf("%s=%q", k, v))
+		}
+		sort.Strings(labelsFilter)
+		expr := fmt.Sprintf("last_over_time(%s{%s}[%ds])",
+			alertForStateMetricName, strings.Join(labelsFilter, ","), int(lookback.Seconds()))
+
+		ar.logDebugf(ts, nil, "restoring alert state via query %q", expr)
+
+		res, _, err := q.Query(ctx, expr, ts)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		qMetrics := res.Data
+		if len(qMetrics) < 1 {
+			ar.logDebugf(ts, nil, "no response was received from restore query")
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// only one series expected in response
+		m := qMetrics[0]
+		// __name__ supposed to be alertForStateMetricName
+		m.DelLabel("__name__")
+
+		// we assume that restore query contains all label matchers,
+		// so all received labels will match anyway if their number is equal.
+		if len(m.Labels) != len(a.Labels) {
+			ar.logDebugf(ts, nil, "state restore query returned not expected label-set %v", m.Labels)
+			continue
+		}
+		a.ActiveAt = time.Unix(int64(m.Values[0]), 0)
 		a.Restored = true
 		logger.Infof("alert %q (%d) restored to state at %v", a.Name, a.ID, a.ActiveAt)
 	}
--- a/app/vmalert/rule/alerting_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/alerting_test.go
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ package rule
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
-	"fmt"
 	"reflect"
 	"sort"
 	"strings"
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/config"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/notifier"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/promutils"
 )
@@ -28,26 +26,20 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ToTimeSeries(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("instant", 0),
-			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: timestamp.Add(time.Second)},
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring},
 			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
 				newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
 					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
 					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
 				}),
-				newTimeSeries([]float64{float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix())},
-					[]int64{timestamp.UnixNano()},
-					map[string]string{
-						"__name__": alertForStateMetricName,
-					}),
 			},
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("instant extra labels", 0),
-			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: timestamp.Add(time.Second),
-				Labels: map[string]string{
-					"job":      "foo",
-					"instance": "bar",
-				}},
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+				"job":      "foo",
+				"instance": "bar",
+			}},
 			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
 				newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
 					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
@@ -55,33 +47,19 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ToTimeSeries(t *testing.T) {
 					"job":           "foo",
 					"instance":      "bar",
 				}),
-				newTimeSeries([]float64{float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix())},
-					[]int64{timestamp.UnixNano()},
-					map[string]string{
-						"__name__": alertForStateMetricName,
-						"job":      "foo",
-						"instance": "bar",
-					}),
 			},
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("instant labels override", 0),
-			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: timestamp.Add(time.Second),
-				Labels: map[string]string{
-					alertStateLabel: "foo",
-					"__name__":      "bar",
-				}},
+			&notifier.Alert{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+				alertStateLabel: "foo",
+				"__name__":      "bar",
+			}},
 			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
 				newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
 					"__name__":      alertMetricName,
 					alertStateLabel: notifier.StateFiring.String(),
 				}),
-				newTimeSeries([]float64{float64(timestamp.Add(time.Second).Unix())},
-					[]int64{timestamp.UnixNano()},
-					map[string]string{
-						"__name__":      alertForStateMetricName,
-						alertStateLabel: "foo",
-					}),
 			},
 		},
 		{
@@ -328,17 +306,14 @@ func TestAlertingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
 			fq := &datasource.FakeQuerier{}
 			tc.rule.q = fq
 			tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
-			ts := time.Now()
 			for i, step := range tc.steps {
 				fq.Reset()
 				fq.Add(step...)
-				if _, err := tc.rule.exec(context.TODO(), ts, 0); err != nil {
+				if _, err := tc.rule.exec(context.TODO(), time.Now(), 0); err != nil {
 					t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
 				}
-
-				// shift the execution timestamp before the next iteration
-				ts = ts.Add(defaultStep)
-
+				// artificial delay between applying steps
+				time.Sleep(defaultStep)
 				if _, ok := tc.expAlerts[i]; !ok {
 					continue
 				}
@@ -371,18 +346,15 @@ func TestAlertingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
 }

 func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
-	fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_ExecRange"}
 	testCases := []struct {
-		rule                    *AlertingRule
-		data                    []datasource.Metric
-		expAlerts               []*notifier.Alert
-		expHoldAlertStateAlerts map[uint64]*notifier.Alert
+		rule      *AlertingRule
+		data      []datasource.Metric
+		expAlerts []*notifier.Alert
 	}{
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("empty", 0),
 			[]datasource.Metric{},
 			nil,
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("empty labels", 0),
@@ -390,9 +362,8 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{Values: []float64{1}, Timestamps: []int64{1}},
 			},
 			[]*notifier.Alert{
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring},
 			},
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing", 0),
@@ -401,12 +372,10 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			[]*notifier.Alert{
 				{
-					Labels:   map[string]string{"name": "foo"},
-					State:    notifier.StateFiring,
-					ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0),
+					Labels: map[string]string{"name": "foo"},
+					State:  notifier.StateFiring,
 				},
 			},
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("single-firing-on-range", 0),
@@ -414,11 +383,10 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1e3, 2e3, 3e3}},
 			},
 			[]*notifier.Alert{
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1e3, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(2e3, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(3e3, 0)},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring},
 			},
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("for-pending", time.Second),
@@ -430,16 +398,6 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(3, 0)},
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(5, 0)},
 			},
-			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{hash(map[string]string{"alertname": "for-pending"}): {
-				GroupID:     fakeGroup.ID(),
-				Name:        "for-pending",
-				Labels:      map[string]string{"alertname": "for-pending"},
-				Annotations: map[string]string{},
-				State:       notifier.StatePending,
-				ActiveAt:    time.Unix(5, 0),
-				Value:       1,
-				For:         time.Second,
-			}},
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("for-firing", 3*time.Second),
@@ -451,52 +409,6 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
 				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
 			},
-			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{hash(map[string]string{"alertname": "for-firing"}): {
-				GroupID:     fakeGroup.ID(),
-				Name:        "for-firing",
-				Labels:      map[string]string{"alertname": "for-firing"},
-				Annotations: map[string]string{},
-				State:       notifier.StateFiring,
-				ActiveAt:    time.Unix(1, 0),
-				Start:       time.Unix(5, 0),
-				Value:       1,
-				For:         3 * time.Second,
-			}},
-		},
-		{
-			newTestAlertingRule("for-hold-pending", time.Second),
-			[]datasource.Metric{
-				{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 2, 5}},
-			},
-			[]*notifier.Alert{
-				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(5, 0)},
-			},
-			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{hash(map[string]string{"alertname": "for-hold-pending"}): {
-				GroupID:     fakeGroup.ID(),
-				Name:        "for-hold-pending",
-				Labels:      map[string]string{"alertname": "for-hold-pending"},
-				Annotations: map[string]string{},
-				State:       notifier.StatePending,
-				ActiveAt:    time.Unix(5, 0),
-				Value:       1,
-				For:         time.Second,
-			}},
-		},
-		{
-			newTestAlertingRuleWithEvalInterval("firing=>inactive=>inactive=>firing=>firing", 0, time.Second),
-			[]datasource.Metric{
-				{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 4, 5, 6}},
-			},
-			[]*notifier.Alert{
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
-				// It is expected for ActiveAT to remain the same while rule continues to fire in each iteration
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(4, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(4, 0)},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(4, 0)},
-			},
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
 			newTestAlertingRule("for=>pending=>firing=>pending=>firing=>pending", time.Second),
@@ -510,10 +422,9 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(5, 0)},
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(20, 0)},
 			},
-			nil,
 		},
 		{
-			newTestAlertingRule("multi-series", 3*time.Second),
+			newTestAlertingRule("multi-series-for=>pending=>pending=>firing", 3*time.Second),
 			[]datasource.Metric{
 				{Values: []float64{1, 1, 1}, Timestamps: []int64{1, 3, 5}},
 				{
@@ -525,6 +436,7 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
 				{State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
 				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0)},
+				//
 				{
 					State: notifier.StatePending, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0),
 					Labels: map[string]string{
@@ -538,29 +450,6 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 					},
 				},
 			},
-			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
-				hash(map[string]string{"alertname": "multi-series"}): {
-					GroupID:     fakeGroup.ID(),
-					Name:        "multi-series",
-					Labels:      map[string]string{"alertname": "multi-series"},
-					Annotations: map[string]string{},
-					State:       notifier.StateFiring,
-					ActiveAt:    time.Unix(1, 0),
-					Start:       time.Unix(5, 0),
-					Value:       1,
-					For:         3 * time.Second,
-				},
-				hash(map[string]string{"alertname": "multi-series", "foo": "bar"}): {
-					GroupID:     fakeGroup.ID(),
-					Name:        "multi-series",
-					Labels:      map[string]string{"alertname": "multi-series", "foo": "bar"},
-					Annotations: map[string]string{},
-					State:       notifier.StatePending,
-					ActiveAt:    time.Unix(5, 0),
-					Value:       1,
-					For:         3 * time.Second,
-				},
-			},
 		},
 		{
 			newTestRuleWithLabels("multi-series-firing", "source", "vm"),
@@ -572,36 +461,32 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 			[]*notifier.Alert{
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0),
-					Labels: map[string]string{
-						"source": "vm",
-					}},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(100, 0),
-					Labels: map[string]string{
-						"source": "vm",
-					}},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+					"source": "vm",
+				}},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+					"source": "vm",
+				}},
 				//
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(1, 0),
-					Labels: map[string]string{
-						"foo":    "bar",
-						"source": "vm",
-					}},
-				{State: notifier.StateFiring, ActiveAt: time.Unix(5, 0),
-					Labels: map[string]string{
-						"foo":    "bar",
-						"source": "vm",
-					}},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+					"foo":    "bar",
+					"source": "vm",
+				}},
+				{State: notifier.StateFiring, Labels: map[string]string{
+					"foo":    "bar",
+					"source": "vm",
+				}},
 			},
-			nil,
 		},
 	}
+	fakeGroup := Group{Name: "TestRule_ExecRange"}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
 		t.Run(tc.rule.Name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			fq := &datasource.FakeQuerier{}
 			tc.rule.q = fq
 			tc.rule.GroupID = fakeGroup.ID()
 			fq.Add(tc.data...)
-			gotTS, err := tc.rule.execRange(context.TODO(), time.Unix(1, 0), time.Unix(5, 0))
+			gotTS, err := tc.rule.execRange(context.TODO(), time.Now(), time.Now())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("unexpected err: %s", err)
 			}
@@ -627,11 +512,6 @@ func TestAlertingRule_ExecRange(t *testing.T) {
 					t.Fatalf("%d: expected \n%v but got \n%v", i, exp, got)
 				}
 			}
-			if tc.expHoldAlertStateAlerts != nil {
-				if !reflect.DeepEqual(tc.expHoldAlertStateAlerts, tc.rule.alerts) {
-					t.Fatalf("expected hold alerts state: \n%v but got \n%v", tc.expHoldAlertStateAlerts, tc.rule.alerts)
-				}
-			}
 		})
 	}
 }
@@ -684,9 +564,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 			if got.ActiveAt != exp.ActiveAt {
 				t.Fatalf("expected ActiveAt %v; got %v", exp.ActiveAt, got.ActiveAt)
 			}
-			if got.Name != exp.Name {
-				t.Fatalf("expected alertname %q; got %q", exp.Name, got.Name)
-			}
 		}
 	}

@@ -702,7 +579,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)}},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: defaultTS,
 			},
 		})
@@ -716,7 +592,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)}},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: ts,
 			},
 		})
@@ -724,7 +599,7 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 	// two rules, two active alerts, one with state restored
 	ts = time.Now().Truncate(time.Hour)
 	fqr.Set(`last_over_time(ALERTS_FOR_STATE{alertgroup="TestRestore",alertname="bar"}[3600s])`,
-		stateMetric("bar", ts))
+		stateMetric("foo", ts))
 	fn(
 		[]config.Rule{
 			{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)},
@@ -732,11 +607,9 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: defaultTS,
 			},
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "bar", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "bar",
 				ActiveAt: ts,
 			},
 		})
@@ -754,11 +627,9 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: ts,
 			},
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "bar", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "bar",
 				ActiveAt: ts,
 			},
 		})
@@ -771,7 +642,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)}},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: defaultTS,
 			},
 		})
@@ -784,7 +654,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", Labels: map[string]string{"env": "dev"}, For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)}},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore", "env": "dev"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: ts,
 			},
 		})
@@ -797,7 +666,6 @@ func TestGroup_Restore(t *testing.T) {
 		[]config.Rule{{Alert: "foo", Expr: "foo", Labels: map[string]string{"env": "dev"}, For: promutils.NewDuration(time.Second)}},
 		map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 			hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "foo", alertGroupNameLabel: "TestRestore", "env": "dev"}): {
-				Name:     "foo",
 				ActiveAt: defaultTS,
 			},
 		})
@@ -810,16 +678,14 @@ func TestAlertingRule_Exec_Negative(t *testing.T) {
 	ar.q = fq

 	// successful attempt
-	// label `job` will be overridden by rule extra label, the original value will be reserved by "exported_job"
 	fq.Add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "bar"))
-	fq.Add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "baz"))
 	_, err := ar.exec(context.TODO(), time.Now(), 0)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}

-	// label `__name__` will be omitted and get duplicated results here
-	fq.Add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo_1", "job", "bar"))
+	// label `job` will collide with rule extra label and will make both time series equal
+	fq.Add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "foo", "job", "baz"))
 	_, err = ar.exec(context.TODO(), time.Now(), 0)
 	if !errors.Is(err, errDuplicate) {
 		t.Fatalf("expected to have %s error; got %s", errDuplicate, err)
@@ -943,22 +809,20 @@ func TestAlertingRule_Template(t *testing.T) {
 				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 10, "__name__", "second", "instance", "bar", alertNameLabel, "override"),
 			},
 			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
-				hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "override label", "exported_alertname": "override", "instance": "foo"}): {
+				hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "override label", "instance": "foo"}): {
 					Labels: map[string]string{
-						alertNameLabel:       "override label",
-						"exported_alertname": "override",
-						"instance":           "foo",
+						alertNameLabel: "override label",
+						"instance":     "foo",
 					},
 					Annotations: map[string]string{
 						"summary":     `first: Too high connection number for "foo"`,
 						"description": `override: It is 2 connections for "foo"`,
 					},
 				},
-				hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "override label", "exported_alertname": "override", "instance": "bar"}): {
+				hash(map[string]string{alertNameLabel: "override label", "instance": "bar"}): {
 					Labels: map[string]string{
-						alertNameLabel:       "override label",
-						"exported_alertname": "override",
-						"instance":           "bar",
+						alertNameLabel: "override label",
+						"instance":     "bar",
 					},
 					Annotations: map[string]string{
 						"summary":     `second: Too high connection number for "bar"`,
@@ -987,18 +851,14 @@ func TestAlertingRule_Template(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			map[uint64]*notifier.Alert{
 				hash(map[string]string{
-					alertNameLabel:        "OriginLabels",
-					"exported_alertname":  "originAlertname",
-					alertGroupNameLabel:   "Testing",
-					"exported_alertgroup": "originGroupname",
-					"instance":            "foo",
+					alertNameLabel:      "OriginLabels",
+					alertGroupNameLabel: "Testing",
+					"instance":          "foo",
 				}): {
 					Labels: map[string]string{
-						alertNameLabel:        "OriginLabels",
-						"exported_alertname":  "originAlertname",
-						alertGroupNameLabel:   "Testing",
-						"exported_alertgroup": "originGroupname",
-						"instance":            "foo",
+						alertNameLabel:      "OriginLabels",
+						alertGroupNameLabel: "Testing",
+						"instance":          "foo",
 					},
 					Annotations: map[string]string{
 						"summary": `Alert "originAlertname(originGroupname)" for instance foo`,
@@ -1130,72 +990,12 @@ func newTestAlertingRule(name string, waitFor time.Duration) *AlertingRule {
 		EvalInterval: waitFor,
 		alerts:       make(map[uint64]*notifier.Alert),
 		state:        &ruleState{entries: make([]StateEntry, 10)},
-		metrics: &alertingRuleMetrics{
-			errors: utils.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_alerting_rules_errors_total{alertname=%q}`, name)),
-		},
 	}
 	return &rule
 }

-func newTestAlertingRuleWithEvalInterval(name string, waitFor, evalInterval time.Duration) *AlertingRule {
-	rule := newTestAlertingRule(name, waitFor)
-	rule.EvalInterval = evalInterval
-	return rule
-}
-
 func newTestAlertingRuleWithKeepFiring(name string, waitFor, keepFiringFor time.Duration) *AlertingRule {
 	rule := newTestAlertingRule(name, waitFor)
 	rule.KeepFiringFor = keepFiringFor
 	return rule
 }
-
-func TestAlertingRule_ToLabels(t *testing.T) {
-	metric := datasource.Metric{
-		Labels: []datasource.Label{
-			{Name: "instance", Value: "0.0.0.0:8800"},
-			{Name: "group", Value: "vmalert"},
-			{Name: "alertname", Value: "ConfigurationReloadFailure"},
-		},
-		Values:     []float64{1},
-		Timestamps: []int64{time.Now().UnixNano()},
-	}
-
-	ar := &AlertingRule{
-		Labels: map[string]string{
-			"instance": "override", // this should override instance with new value
-			"group":    "vmalert",  // this shouldn't have effect since value in metric is equal
-		},
-		Expr:      "sum(vmalert_alerting_rules_error) by(instance, group, alertname) > 0",
-		Name:      "AlertingRulesError",
-		GroupName: "vmalert",
-	}
-
-	expectedOriginLabels := map[string]string{
-		"instance":   "0.0.0.0:8800",
-		"group":      "vmalert",
-		"alertname":  "ConfigurationReloadFailure",
-		"alertgroup": "vmalert",
-	}
-
-	expectedProcessedLabels := map[string]string{
-		"instance":           "override",
-		"exported_instance":  "0.0.0.0:8800",
-		"alertname":          "AlertingRulesError",
-		"exported_alertname": "ConfigurationReloadFailure",
-		"group":              "vmalert",
-		"alertgroup":         "vmalert",
-	}
-
-	ls, err := ar.toLabels(metric, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("unexpected error: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(ls.origin, expectedOriginLabels) {
-		t.Errorf("origin labels mismatch, got: %v, want: %v", ls.origin, expectedOriginLabels)
-	}
-
-	if !reflect.DeepEqual(ls.processed, expectedProcessedLabels) {
-		t.Errorf("processed labels mismatch, got: %v, want: %v", ls.processed, expectedProcessedLabels)
-	}
-}
--- a/app/vmalert/rule/group.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/group.go
@@ -31,9 +31,7 @@ var (
 		"Rule's updates are available on rule's Details page and are used for debugging purposes. The number of stored updates can be overridden per rule via update_entries_limit param.")
 	resendDelay        = flag.Duration("rule.resendDelay", 0, "MiniMum amount of time to wait before resending an alert to notifier")
 	maxResolveDuration = flag.Duration("rule.maxResolveDuration", 0, "Limits the maxiMum duration for automatic alert expiration, "+
-		"which by default is 4 times evaluationInterval of the parent group")
-	evalDelay = flag.Duration("rule.evalDelay", 30*time.Second, "Adjustment of the `time` parameter for rule evaluation requests to compensate intentional data delay from the datasource."+
-		"Normally, should be equal to `-search.latencyOffset` (cmd-line flag configured for VictoriaMetrics single-node or vmselect).")
+		"which by default is 4 times evaluationInterval of the parent ")
 	disableAlertGroupLabel = flag.Bool("disableAlertgroupLabel", false, "Whether to disable adding group's Name as label to generated alerts and time series.")
 	remoteReadLookBack     = flag.Duration("remoteRead.lookback", time.Hour, "Lookback defines how far to look into past for alerts timeseries."+
 		" For example, if lookback=1h then range from now() to now()-1h will be scanned.")
@@ -41,16 +39,13 @@ var (

 // Group is an entity for grouping rules
 type Group struct {
-	mu         sync.RWMutex
-	Name       string
-	File       string
-	Rules      []Rule
-	Type       config.Type
-	Interval   time.Duration
-	EvalOffset *time.Duration
-	// EvalDelay will adjust timestamp for rule evaluation requests to compensate intentional query delay from datasource.
-	// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5155
-	EvalDelay      *time.Duration
+	mu             sync.RWMutex
+	Name           string
+	File           string
+	Rules          []Rule
+	Type           config.Type
+	Interval       time.Duration
+	EvalOffset     *time.Duration
 	Limit          int
 	Concurrency    int
 	Checksum       string
@@ -144,9 +139,6 @@ func NewGroup(cfg config.Group, qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, defaultInterval ti
 	if cfg.EvalOffset != nil {
 		g.EvalOffset = &cfg.EvalOffset.D
 	}
-	if cfg.EvalDelay != nil {
-		g.EvalDelay = &cfg.EvalDelay.D
-	}
 	for _, h := range cfg.Headers {
 		g.Headers[h.Key] = h.Value
 	}
@@ -339,7 +331,7 @@ func (g *Group) Start(ctx context.Context, nts func() []notifier.Notifier, rw re
 		Rw:                       rw,
 		Notifiers:                nts,
 		notifierHeaders:          g.NotifierHeaders,
-		previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
+		PreviouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
 	}

 	g.infof("started")
@@ -528,7 +520,7 @@ func (g *Group) ExecOnce(ctx context.Context, nts func() []notifier.Notifier, rw
 		Rw:                       rw,
 		Notifiers:                nts,
 		notifierHeaders:          g.NotifierHeaders,
-		previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
+		PreviouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
 	}
 	if len(g.Rules) < 1 {
 		return nil
@@ -589,14 +581,10 @@ func (g *Group) adjustReqTimestamp(timestamp time.Time) time.Time {
 			// to 10:30, to the previous evaluationInterval.
 			return ts.Add(-g.Interval)
 		}
-		// when `eval_offset` is using, ts shouldn't be effect by `eval_alignment` and `eval_delay`
-		// since it should be always aligned.
+		// EvalOffset shouldn't interfere with evalAlignment,
+		// so we return it immediately
 		return ts
 	}
-
-	timestamp = timestamp.Add(-g.getEvalDelay())
-
-	// always apply the alignment as a last step
 	if g.evalAlignment == nil || *g.evalAlignment {
 		// align query time with interval to get similar result with grafana when plotting time series.
 		// see https://github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/issues/5049
@@ -606,13 +594,6 @@ func (g *Group) adjustReqTimestamp(timestamp time.Time) time.Time {
 	return timestamp
 }

-func (g *Group) getEvalDelay() time.Duration {
-	if g.EvalDelay != nil {
-		return *g.EvalDelay
-	}
-	return *evalDelay
-}
-
 // executor contains group's notify and rw configs
 type executor struct {
 	Notifiers       func() []notifier.Notifier
@@ -621,11 +602,11 @@ type executor struct {
 	Rw remotewrite.RWClient

 	previouslySentSeriesToRWMu sync.Mutex
-	// previouslySentSeriesToRW stores series sent to RW on previous iteration
+	// PreviouslySentSeriesToRW stores series sent to RW on previous iteration
 	// map[ruleID]map[ruleLabels][]prompb.Label
 	// where `ruleID` is ID of the Rule within a Group
 	// and `ruleLabels` is []prompb.Label marshalled to a string
-	previouslySentSeriesToRW map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label
+	PreviouslySentSeriesToRW map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label
 }

 // execConcurrently executes rules concurrently if concurrency>1
@@ -663,6 +644,9 @@ var (

 	execTotal  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_execution_total`)
 	execErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_execution_errors_total`)
+
+	remoteWriteErrors = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_errors_total`)
+	remoteWriteTotal  = metrics.NewCounter(`vmalert_remotewrite_total`)
 )

 func (e *executor) exec(ctx context.Context, r Rule, ts time.Time, resolveDuration time.Duration, limit int) error {
@@ -683,7 +667,9 @@ func (e *executor) exec(ctx context.Context, r Rule, ts time.Time, resolveDurati
 		pushToRW := func(tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries) error {
 			var lastErr error
 			for _, ts := range tss {
+				remoteWriteTotal.Inc()
 				if err := e.Rw.Push(ts); err != nil {
+					remoteWriteErrors.Inc()
 					lastErr = fmt.Errorf("rule %q: remote write failure: %w", r, err)
 				}
 			}
@@ -737,7 +723,7 @@ func (e *executor) getStaleSeries(r Rule, tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, timest
 	var staleS []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries
 	// check whether there are series which disappeared and need to be marked as stale
 	e.previouslySentSeriesToRWMu.Lock()
-	for key, labels := range e.previouslySentSeriesToRW[rID] {
+	for key, labels := range e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW[rID] {
 		if _, ok := ruleLabels[key]; ok {
 			continue
 		}
@@ -746,7 +732,7 @@ func (e *executor) getStaleSeries(r Rule, tss []prompbmarshal.TimeSeries, timest
 		staleS = append(staleS, ss)
 	}
 	// set previous series to current
-	e.previouslySentSeriesToRW[rID] = ruleLabels
+	e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW[rID] = ruleLabels
 	e.previouslySentSeriesToRWMu.Unlock()

 	return staleS
@@ -764,14 +750,14 @@ func (e *executor) purgeStaleSeries(activeRules []Rule) {

 	for _, rule := range activeRules {
 		id := rule.ID()
-		prev, ok := e.previouslySentSeriesToRW[id]
+		prev, ok := e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW[id]
 		if ok {
 			// keep previous series for staleness detection
 			newPreviouslySentSeriesToRW[id] = prev
 		}
 	}
-	e.previouslySentSeriesToRW = nil
-	e.previouslySentSeriesToRW = newPreviouslySentSeriesToRW
+	e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW = nil
+	e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW = newPreviouslySentSeriesToRW

 	e.previouslySentSeriesToRWMu.Unlock()
 }
--- a/app/vmalert/rule/group_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/group_test.go
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func TestResolveDuration(t *testing.T) {
 func TestGetStaleSeries(t *testing.T) {
 	ts := time.Now()
 	e := &executor{
-		previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
+		PreviouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
 	}
 	f := func(r Rule, labels, expLabels [][]prompbmarshal.Label) {
 		t.Helper()
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ func TestPurgeStaleSeries(t *testing.T) {
 	f := func(curRules, newRules, expStaleRules []Rule) {
 		t.Helper()
 		e := &executor{
-			previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
+			PreviouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
 		}
 		// seed executor with series for
 		// current rules
@@ -424,13 +424,13 @@ func TestPurgeStaleSeries(t *testing.T) {

 		e.purgeStaleSeries(newRules)

-		if len(e.previouslySentSeriesToRW) != len(expStaleRules) {
+		if len(e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW) != len(expStaleRules) {
 			t.Fatalf("expected to get %d stale series, got %d",
-				len(expStaleRules), len(e.previouslySentSeriesToRW))
+				len(expStaleRules), len(e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW))
 		}

 		for _, exp := range expStaleRules {
-			if _, ok := e.previouslySentSeriesToRW[exp.ID()]; !ok {
+			if _, ok := e.PreviouslySentSeriesToRW[exp.ID()]; !ok {
 				t.Fatalf("expected to have rule %d; got nil instead", exp.ID())
 			}
 		}
@@ -515,7 +515,7 @@ func TestFaultyRW(t *testing.T) {

 	e := &executor{
 		Rw:                       &remotewrite.Client{},
-		previouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
+		PreviouslySentSeriesToRW: make(map[uint64]map[string][]prompbmarshal.Label),
 	}

 	err := e.exec(context.Background(), r, time.Now(), 0, 10)
@@ -628,7 +628,6 @@ func TestGroupStartDelay(t *testing.T) {

 func TestGetPrometheusReqTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 	offset := 30 * time.Minute
-	evalDelay := 1 * time.Minute
 	disableAlign := false
 	testCases := []struct {
 		name            string
@@ -636,7 +635,7 @@ func TestGetPrometheusReqTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 		originTS, expTS string
 	}{
 		{
-			"with query align + default evalDelay",
+			"with query align",
 			&Group{
 				Interval: time.Hour,
 			},
@@ -644,16 +643,16 @@ func TestGetPrometheusReqTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 			"2023-08-28T11:00:00+00:00",
 		},
 		{
-			"without query align + default evalDelay",
+			"without query align",
 			&Group{
 				Interval:      time.Hour,
 				evalAlignment: &disableAlign,
 			},
 			"2023-08-28T11:11:00+00:00",
-			"2023-08-28T11:10:30+00:00",
+			"2023-08-28T11:11:00+00:00",
 		},
 		{
-			"with eval_offset, find previous offset point + default evalDelay",
+			"with eval_offset, find previous offset point",
 			&Group{
 				EvalOffset: &offset,
 				Interval:   time.Hour,
@@ -662,7 +661,7 @@ func TestGetPrometheusReqTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 			"2023-08-28T10:30:00+00:00",
 		},
 		{
-			"with eval_offset + default evalDelay",
+			"with eval_offset",
 			&Group{
 				EvalOffset: &offset,
 				Interval:   time.Hour,
@@ -670,44 +669,14 @@ func TestGetPrometheusReqTimestamp(t *testing.T) {
 			"2023-08-28T11:41:00+00:00",
 			"2023-08-28T11:30:00+00:00",
 		},
-		{
-			"1h interval with eval_delay",
-			&Group{
-				EvalDelay: &evalDelay,
-				Interval:  time.Hour,
-			},
-			"2023-08-28T11:41:00+00:00",
-			"2023-08-28T11:00:00+00:00",
-		},
-		{
-			"1m interval with eval_delay",
-			&Group{
-				EvalDelay: &evalDelay,
-				Interval:  time.Minute,
-			},
-			"2023-08-28T11:41:13+00:00",
-			"2023-08-28T11:40:00+00:00",
-		},
-		{
-			"disable alignment with eval_delay",
-			&Group{
-				EvalDelay:     &evalDelay,
-				Interval:      time.Hour,
-				evalAlignment: &disableAlign,
-			},
-			"2023-08-28T11:41:00+00:00",
-			"2023-08-28T11:40:00+00:00",
-		},
 	}
 	for _, tc := range testCases {
-		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			originT, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, tc.originTS)
-			expT, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, tc.expTS)
-			gotTS := tc.g.adjustReqTimestamp(originT)
-			if !gotTS.Equal(expT) {
-				t.Fatalf("get wrong prometheus request timestamp, expect %s, got %s", expT, gotTS)
-			}
-		})
+		originT, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, tc.originTS)
+		expT, _ := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, tc.expTS)
+		gotTS := tc.g.adjustReqTimestamp(originT)
+		if !gotTS.Equal(expT) {
+			t.Fatalf("get wrong prometheus request timestamp, expect %s, got %s", expT, gotTS)
+		}
 	}
 }

--- a/app/vmalert/rule/recording.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/recording.go
@@ -17,14 +17,12 @@ import (
 // to evaluate configured Expression and
 // return TimeSeries as result.
 type RecordingRule struct {
-	Type      config.Type
-	RuleID    uint64
-	Name      string
-	Expr      string
-	Labels    map[string]string
-	GroupID   uint64
-	GroupName string
-	File      string
+	Type    config.Type
+	RuleID  uint64
+	Name    string
+	Expr    string
+	Labels  map[string]string
+	GroupID uint64

 	q datasource.Querier

@@ -36,7 +34,7 @@ type RecordingRule struct {
 }

 type recordingRuleMetrics struct {
-	errors  *utils.Counter
+	errors  *utils.Gauge
 	samples *utils.Gauge
 }

@@ -54,15 +52,13 @@ func (rr *RecordingRule) ID() uint64 {
 // NewRecordingRule creates a new RecordingRule
 func NewRecordingRule(qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, group *Group, cfg config.Rule) *RecordingRule {
 	rr := &RecordingRule{
-		Type:      group.Type,
-		RuleID:    cfg.ID,
-		Name:      cfg.Record,
-		Expr:      cfg.Expr,
-		Labels:    cfg.Labels,
-		GroupID:   group.ID(),
-		GroupName: group.Name,
-		File:      group.File,
-		metrics:   &recordingRuleMetrics{},
+		Type:    group.Type,
+		RuleID:  cfg.ID,
+		Name:    cfg.Record,
+		Expr:    cfg.Expr,
+		Labels:  cfg.Labels,
+		GroupID: group.ID(),
+		metrics: &recordingRuleMetrics{},
 		q: qb.BuildWithParams(datasource.QuerierParams{
 			DataSourceType:     group.Type.String(),
 			EvaluationInterval: group.Interval,
@@ -82,8 +78,15 @@ func NewRecordingRule(qb datasource.QuerierBuilder, group *Group, cfg config.Rul
 		entries: make([]StateEntry, entrySize),
 	}

-	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`recording=%q, group=%q, file=%q, id="%d"`, rr.Name, group.Name, group.File, rr.ID())
-	rr.metrics.errors = utils.GetOrCreateCounter(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_recording_rules_errors_total{%s}`, labels))
+	labels := fmt.Sprintf(`recording=%q, group=%q, id="%d"`, rr.Name, group.Name, rr.ID())
+	rr.metrics.errors = utils.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_recording_rules_error{%s}`, labels),
+		func() float64 {
+			e := rr.state.getLast()
+			if e.Err == nil {
+				return 0
+			}
+			return 1
+		})
 	rr.metrics.samples = utils.GetOrCreateGauge(fmt.Sprintf(`vmalert_recording_rules_last_evaluation_samples{%s}`, labels),
 		func() float64 {
 			e := rr.state.getLast()
@@ -135,9 +138,6 @@ func (rr *RecordingRule) exec(ctx context.Context, ts time.Time, limit int) ([]p

 	defer func() {
 		rr.state.add(curState)
-		if curState.Err != nil {
-			rr.metrics.errors.Inc()
-		}
 	}()

 	if err != nil {
@@ -194,9 +194,6 @@ func (rr *RecordingRule) toTimeSeries(m datasource.Metric) prompbmarshal.TimeSer
 	labels["__name__"] = rr.Name
 	// override existing labels with configured ones
 	for k, v := range rr.Labels {
-		if _, ok := labels[k]; ok && labels[k] != v {
-			labels[fmt.Sprintf("exported_%s", k)] = labels[k]
-		}
 		labels[k] = v
 	}
 	return newTimeSeries(m.Values, m.Timestamps, labels)
@@ -206,7 +203,7 @@ func (rr *RecordingRule) toTimeSeries(m datasource.Metric) prompbmarshal.TimeSer
 func (rr *RecordingRule) updateWith(r Rule) error {
 	nr, ok := r.(*RecordingRule)
 	if !ok {
-		return fmt.Errorf("BUG: attempt to update recording rule with wrong type %#v", r)
+		return fmt.Errorf("BUG: attempt to update recroding rule with wrong type %#v", r)
 	}
 	rr.Expr = nr.Expr
 	rr.Labels = nr.Labels
--- a/app/vmalert/rule/recording_test.go
+++ b/app/vmalert/rule/recording_test.go
@@ -8,7 +8,6 @@ import (
 	"time"

 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/datasource"
-	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/app/vmalert/utils"
 	"github.com/VictoriaMetrics/VictoriaMetrics/lib/prompbmarshal"
 )

@@ -61,7 +60,7 @@ func TestRecordingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			[]datasource.Metric{
 				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "__name__", "foo", "job", "foo"),
-				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "bar", "job", "bar", "source", "origin"),
+				metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 1, "__name__", "bar", "job", "bar"),
 			},
 			[]prompbmarshal.TimeSeries{
 				newTimeSeries([]float64{2}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
@@ -70,10 +69,9 @@ func TestRecordingRule_Exec(t *testing.T) {
 					"source":   "test",
 				}),
 				newTimeSeries([]float64{1}, []int64{timestamp.UnixNano()}, map[string]string{
-					"__name__":        "job:foo",
-					"job":             "bar",
-					"source":          "test",
-					"exported_source": "origin",
+					"__name__": "job:foo",
+					"job":      "bar",
+					"source":   "test",
 				}),
 			},
 		},
@@ -203,15 +201,9 @@ func TestRecordingRuleLimit(t *testing.T) {
 		metricWithValuesAndLabels(t, []float64{2, 3}, "__name__", "bar", "job", "bar"),
 		metricWithValuesAndLabels(t, []float64{4, 5, 6}, "__name__", "baz", "job", "baz"),
 	}
-	rule := &RecordingRule{Name: "job:foo",
-		state: &ruleState{entries: make([]StateEntry, 10)},
-		Labels: map[string]string{
-			"source": "test_limit",
-		},
-		metrics: &recordingRuleMetrics{
-			errors: utils.GetOrCreateCounter(`vmalert_recording_rules_errors_total{alertname="job:foo"}`),
-		},
-	}
+	rule := &RecordingRule{Name: "job:foo", state: &ruleState{entries: make([]StateEntry, 10)}, Labels: map[string]string{
+		"source": "test_limit",
+	}}
 	var err error
 	for _, testCase := range testCases {
 		fq := &datasource.FakeQuerier{}
@@ -231,9 +223,6 @@ func TestRecordingRule_ExecNegative(t *testing.T) {
 			"job": "test",
 		},
 		state: &ruleState{entries: make([]StateEntry, 10)},
-		metrics: &recordingRuleMetrics{
-			errors: utils.GetOrCreateCounter(`vmalert_recording_rules_errors_total{alertname="job:foo"}`),
-		},
 	}
 	fq := &datasource.FakeQuerier{}
 	expErr := "connection reset by peer"
@@ -255,7 +244,10 @@ func TestRecordingRule_ExecNegative(t *testing.T) {
 	fq.Add(metricWithValueAndLabels(t, 2, "__name__", "foo", "job", "bar"))

 	_, err = rr.exec(context.TODO(), time.Now(), 0)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err; got nil")
+	}
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), errDuplicate.Error()) {
+		t.Fatalf("expected to get err %q; got %q insterad", errDuplicate, err)
 	}
 }
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Alexander Marshalov	5bc3488538	Merge branch 'master' into streaming-aggregation	2023-10-26 16:54:09 +02:00
Alexander Marshalov	1cd6232537	WIP	2023-10-23 13:14:48 +02:00
Alexander Marshalov	ed1bef0e2d	WIP	2023-10-18 14:48:49 +02:00