claude-desktop-debian/README.md

# Claude Desktop for Linux

This project provides build scripts to run Claude Desktop natively on Linux systems. It repackages the official Windows application for Linux distributions, producing `.deb` packages (Debian/Ubuntu), `.rpm` packages (Fedora/RHEL), distribution-agnostic AppImages, an [AUR package](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/claude-desktop-appimage) for Arch Linux, and a Nix flake for NixOS.

**Note:** This is an unofficial build script. For official support, please visit [Anthropic's website](https://www.anthropic.com). For issues with the build script or Linux implementation, please [open an issue](https://github.com/aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian/issues) in this repository.

---

> **⚠️ APT migration notice (April 2026)**
>
> The APT/DNF repo moved to `pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev` (#493) — binaries are now served from GitHub Releases via a Cloudflare Worker so they don't hit the 100 MB per-file push cap on `gh-pages`. **DNF users are unaffected.** APT users on the legacy `aaddrick.github.io` sources.list will see a scheme-downgrade error on `apt update`. [One-line `sed` fix](#migrating-from-the-old-aaddrickgithubio-url).

---

## Features

- **Native Linux Support**: Run Claude Desktop without virtualization or Wine
- **MCP Support**: Full Model Context Protocol integration
  Configuration file location: `~/.config/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json`
- **System Integration**:
  - Global hotkey support (Ctrl+Alt+Space) - works on X11 and Wayland (via XWayland)
  - System tray integration
  - Desktop environment integration

### Screenshots

<p align="center">
  <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian/main/docs/images/claude-desktop-screenshot1.png" alt="Claude Desktop running on Linux" />
</p>

<p align="center">
  <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian/main/docs/images/claude-desktop-screenshot2.png" alt="Global hotkey popup" />
</p>

## Installation

### Using APT Repository (Debian/Ubuntu - Recommended)

Add the repository for automatic updates via `apt`:

```bash
# Add the GPG key
curl -fsSL https://pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev/KEY.gpg | sudo gpg --dearmor -o /usr/share/keyrings/claude-desktop.gpg

# Add the repository
echo "deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/claude-desktop.gpg arch=amd64,arm64] https://pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev stable main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/claude-desktop.list

# Update and install
sudo apt update
sudo apt install claude-desktop
```

Future updates will be installed automatically with your regular system updates (`sudo apt upgrade`).

### Using DNF Repository (Fedora/RHEL - Recommended)

Add the repository for automatic updates via `dnf`:

```bash
# Add the repository
sudo curl -fsSL https://pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev/rpm/claude-desktop.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/claude-desktop.repo

# Install
sudo dnf install claude-desktop
```

Future updates will be installed automatically with your regular system updates (`sudo dnf upgrade`).

#### Migrating from the old `aaddrick.github.io` URL

If you installed claude-desktop before April 2026, your repo config points at `https://aaddrick.github.io/claude-desktop-debian`. That URL now auto-redirects to `pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev` — DNF follows the redirect transparently, but **apt refuses it as a security downgrade**, so `apt update` fails. Update your sources list to the new URL:

```bash
# APT (Debian/Ubuntu)
sudo sed -i 's|https://aaddrick\.github\.io/claude-desktop-debian|https://pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev|g' \
  /etc/apt/sources.list.d/claude-desktop.list
sudo apt update

# DNF (Fedora/RHEL) — optional refresh; the old URL still works but pointing directly at the new host is cleaner
sudo curl -fsSL https://pkg.claude-desktop-debian.dev/rpm/claude-desktop.repo \
  -o /etc/yum.repos.d/claude-desktop.repo
```

Background: binaries for recent releases are no longer committed to the `gh-pages` branch — `.deb` files grew past GitHub's 100 MB per-file cap (#493). The new URL is fronted by a small Cloudflare Worker that serves the existing metadata directly and 302-redirects package downloads to the corresponding GitHub Release asset. Bandwidth and package bytes still come from GitHub; the Worker just handles the routing.

### Using AUR (Arch Linux)

The [`claude-desktop-appimage`](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/claude-desktop-appimage) package is available on the AUR and is automatically updated with each release.

```bash
# Using yay
yay -S claude-desktop-appimage

# Or using paru
paru -S claude-desktop-appimage
```

The AUR package installs the AppImage build of Claude Desktop.

### Using Nix Flake (NixOS)

Install directly from the flake:

```bash
# Basic install
nix profile install github:aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian

# With MCP server support (FHS environment)
nix profile install github:aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian#claude-desktop-fhs
```

Or add to your NixOS configuration:

```nix
# flake.nix
{
  inputs.claude-desktop.url = "github:aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian";

  outputs = { nixpkgs, claude-desktop, ... }: {
    nixosConfigurations.myhost = nixpkgs.lib.nixosSystem {
      modules = [
        ({ pkgs, ... }: {
          nixpkgs.overlays = [ claude-desktop.overlays.default ];
          environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.claude-desktop ];
        })
      ];
    };
  };
}
```

### Using Pre-built Releases

Download the latest `.deb`, `.rpm`, or `.AppImage` from the [Releases page](https://github.com/aaddrick/claude-desktop-debian/releases).

### Building from Source

See [docs/BUILDING.md](docs/BUILDING.md) for detailed build instructions.

## Configuration

Model Context Protocol settings are stored in:
```
~/.config/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json
```

For additional configuration options including environment variables and Wayland support, see [docs/CONFIGURATION.md](docs/CONFIGURATION.md).

## Troubleshooting

Run `claude-desktop --doctor` for built-in diagnostics that check common issues (display server, sandbox permissions, MCP config, stale locks, and more). It also reports cowork mode readiness — which isolation backend will be used, and which dependencies (KVM, QEMU, vsock, socat, virtiofsd, bubblewrap) are installed or missing.

For additional troubleshooting, uninstallation instructions, and log locations, see [docs/TROUBLESHOOTING.md](docs/TROUBLESHOOTING.md).

## Acknowledgments

This project was inspired by [k3d3's claude-desktop-linux-flake](https://github.com/k3d3/claude-desktop-linux-flake) and their [Reddit post](https://www.reddit.com/r/ClaudeAI/comments/1hgsmpq/i_successfully_ran_claude_desktop_natively_on/) about running Claude Desktop natively on Linux.

Special thanks to:
- **k3d3**
  - Original NixOS implementation
  - Native bindings insights
- **[emsi](https://github.com/emsi/claude-desktop)**
  - Title bar fix
  - Alternative implementation approach
- **[leobuskin](https://github.com/leobuskin/unofficial-claude-desktop-linux)** for the Playwright-based URL resolution approach
- **[yarikoptic](https://github.com/yarikoptic)**
  - Codespell support
  - Shellcheck compliance
- **[IamGianluca](https://github.com/IamGianluca)** for build dependency check improvements
- **[ing03201](https://github.com/ing03201)** for IBus/Fcitx5 input method support
- **[ajescudero](https://github.com/ajescudero)** for pinning @electron/asar for Node compatibility
- **[delorenj](https://github.com/delorenj)** for Wayland compatibility support
- **[Regen-forest](https://github.com/Regen-forest)** for suggesting Gear Lever as AppImageLauncher replacement
- **[niekvugteveen](https://github.com/niekvugteveen)** for fixing Debian packaging permissions
- **[speleoalex](https://github.com/speleoalex)** for native window decorations support
- **[imaginalnika](https://github.com/imaginalnika)** for moving logs to `~/.cache/`
- **[richardspicer](https://github.com/richardspicer)** for the menu bar visibility fix on Linux
- **[jacobfrantz1](https://github.com/jacobfrantz1)**
  - Claude Desktop code preview support
  - Quick window submit fix
- **[janfrederik](https://github.com/janfrederik)** for the `--exe` flag to use a local installer
- **[MrEdwards007](https://github.com/MrEdwards007)** for discovering the OAuth token cache fix
- **[lizthegrey](https://github.com/lizthegrey)**
  - Version update contributions
  - Close-to-tray on Linux to keep in-app schedulers, MCP servers, and the tray icon alive across window close
  - "Run on startup" persistence on Linux via XDG Autostart, fixing the toggle that would silently revert
- **[mathys-lopinto](https://github.com/mathys-lopinto)**
  - AUR package
  - Automated deployment
- **[pkuijpers](https://github.com/pkuijpers)** for root cause analysis of the RPM repo GPG signing issue
- **[dlepold](https://github.com/dlepold)** for identifying the tray icon variable name bug with a working fix
- **[Voork1144](https://github.com/Voork1144)**
  - Detailed analysis of the tray icon minifier bug
  - Root-cause analysis of the Chromium layout cache bug
  - Direct child `setBounds()` fix approach
- **[sabiut](https://github.com/sabiut)**
  - `--doctor` diagnostic command
  - SHA-256 checksum validation for downloads
  - Post-build integration tests for deb, rpm, and AppImage artifacts
- **[milog1994](https://github.com/milog1994)**
  - Popup detection
  - Functional stubs
  - Wayland compositor support
- **[jarrodcolburn](https://github.com/jarrodcolburn)**
  - Passwordless sudo support in container/CI environments
  - Identifying the gh-pages 4GB bloat fix
  - Identifying the virtiofsd PATH detection issue on Debian
  - Detailed analysis of the CI release pipeline failure caused by runner kills during compare-releases
  - Diagnosing the session-start hook sudo blocking issue with three solution approaches
- **[chukfinley](https://github.com/chukfinley)** for experimental Cowork mode support on Linux
- **[CyPack](https://github.com/CyPack)**
  - Orphaned cowork daemon cleanup on startup
  - `COWORK_VM_BACKEND` documentation, Cowork troubleshooting sections, and unknown-value warning in `--doctor`
- **[IliyaBrook](https://github.com/IliyaBrook)**
  - Fixing the platform patch for Claude Desktop >= 1.1.3541 arm64 refactor
  - Fixing the duplicate tray icon on OS theme change with an in-place `setImage`/`setContextMenu` fast-path that avoids the KDE Plasma SNI re-registration race
- **[MichaelMKenny](https://github.com/MichaelMKenny)**
  - Diagnosing the `$`-prefixed electron variable bug
  - Root cause analysis and workaround
- **[daa25209](https://github.com/daa25209)** for detailed root cause analysis of the cowork platform gate crash and patch script
- **[noctuum](https://github.com/noctuum)**
  - `CLAUDE_MENU_BAR` env var with configurable menu bar visibility
  - Boolean alias support
- **[typedrat](https://github.com/typedrat)**
  - NixOS flake integration with build.sh
  - node-pty derivation
  - CI auto-update
  - Fixing the flake package scoping regression
- **[cbonnissent](https://github.com/cbonnissent)**
  - Reverse-engineering the Cowork VM guest RPC protocol
  - Fixing the KVM startup blocker
  - Fixing RPC response id echoing for persistent connections
  - Configurable bwrap mount points via a dedicated Linux config file
  - `{src, dst}` mount form in `coworkBwrapMounts` for distinct host/sandbox paths (e.g. persistent `/tmp` across Bash tool calls)
- **[joekale-pp](https://github.com/joekale-pp)** for adding `--doctor` support to the RPM launcher
- **[ecrevisseMiroir](https://github.com/ecrevisseMiroir)** for the bwrap backend sandbox isolation with tmpfs-based minimal root
- **[arauhala](https://github.com/arauhala)** for detailed root cause analysis of the NixOS `isPackaged` regression
- **[cromagnone](https://github.com/cromagnone)** for confirming the VM download loop on bwrap installs with detailed logs that disproved the initial triage
- **[aHk-coder](https://github.com/aHk-coder)** for diagnosing the hardcoded minified variable crash in the cowork smol-bin patch
- **[RayCharlizard](https://github.com/RayCharlizard)**
  - Detailed analysis of the self-referential `.mcpb-cache` symlink ELOOP bug
  - Fixing auto-memory path translation on HostBackend
  - Fixing the `ion-dist` static asset copy for the `app://` protocol handler
- **[reinthal](https://github.com/reinthal)** for fixing the NixOS build breakage caused by the nixpkgs `nodePackages` removal
- **[gianluca-peri](https://github.com/gianluca-peri)**
  - Reporting the GNOME quit accessibility issue
  - Confirming tray behavior with AppIndicator
- **[martin152](https://github.com/martin152)** for detailed diagnosis and a complete patch for three launcher cleanup bugs: `cleanup_orphaned_cowork_daemon` self-match, `cleanup_stale_cowork_socket` socat dependency no-op, and the same self-match in `--doctor`
- **[hfyeh](https://github.com/hfyeh)** for diagnosing the Ubuntu 24.04 AppArmor unprivileged-userns block on Cowork bwrap and contributing the AppArmor profile workaround
- **[davidamacey](https://github.com/davidamacey)** for identifying and fixing the XRDP GPU compositing blank-window issue on remote desktop sessions
- **[pb3ck](https://github.com/pb3ck)** for diagnosing the Cowork `CLAUDE_CODE_OAUTH_TOKEN` env-strip bug with a working reference diff
- **[Joost-Maker](https://github.com/Joost-Maker)** for fixing the `$e` fs reference crash in cowork Patch 9 on Claude Desktop 1.3109.0, introducing the `[$\w]+` identifier-capture pattern at `cowork.sh:482-501` (#421)
- **[aJV99](https://github.com/aJV99)** for exporting `GDK_BACKEND=wayland` in native Wayland mode to fix XWayland fallback blur on HiDPI displays
- **[Andrej730](https://github.com/Andrej730)**
  - Quick-window regex readability refactor (`String.raw` + `escapeRegExp` helper)
  - Fixing the visibility-function regex break on Claude Desktop 1.3883.0 (#496)
- **[HumboldtJoker](https://github.com/HumboldtJoker)** for diagnosing the cowork Patch 2b silent failure on Claude Desktop 1.5354.0 — identifying that the log line was patched but session init still routed through the Swift addon (#553)
- **[zabka](https://github.com/zabka)** for identifying that `cowork-vm-service.js` was never auto-spawned on Linux and contributing a systemd-unit workaround that scoped the daemon auto-launch fix (#445)
- **[sirfaber](https://github.com/sirfaber)** for fixing the `$`-in-minified-identifier breakage of cowork Patch 2b (vm module assignment) and Patch 6 step 2 (retry-delay auto-launch) on Claude Desktop 1.5354.0 (#555)
- **[ProfFlow](https://github.com/ProfFlow)** for re-fixing the RPM repodata signing regression by appending `!` to the keyid passed to `gpg --default-key`, forcing `repomd.xml` to be signed by the primary key instead of the auto-selected signing subkey (#566)
- **[jslatten](https://github.com/jslatten)** for fixing the KDE Plasma Wayland launcher-grouping bug by setting `pkg.desktopName` in the packaged `app.asar`'s `package.json`, format-conditional so deb/rpm get `claude-desktop.desktop` and AppImage gets `io.github.aaddrick.claude-desktop-debian.desktop` (#562)
- **[JoshuaVlantis](https://github.com/JoshuaVlantis)**
  - RPM `chrome-sandbox` SUID via `%attr(4755, ...)` instead of a `%post` chmod scriptlet so the bit survives `--noscripts` and layered images (#539)
  - `autoUpdater` no-op Proxy on Linux that defends against future feed activation, with a thenable allowlist masking `then`/`catch`/`finally`/`Symbol.toPrimitive`/`Symbol.iterator` to `undefined` (#567)
  - Failing loudly on `npm install node-pty` failures instead of silently shipping the upstream Windows binaries, plus auto-installing `gcc`/`g++`/`make`/`python3` on minimal build environments (#401)
- **[Hayao0819](https://github.com/Hayao0819)** for diagnosing the upstream `titleBarStyle:""` → `titleBarStyle:"hiddenInset"` migration that broke the About window render on GNOME/X11 and contributing the `isPopupWindow()` match extension (#481, #489)

## Sponsorship

If this project is useful to you, consider [sponsoring on GitHub](https://github.com/sponsors/aaddrick).

## License

The build scripts in this repository are dual-licensed under:
- MIT License (see [LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT))
- Apache License 2.0 (see [LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE))

The Claude Desktop application itself is subject to [Anthropic's Consumer Terms](https://www.anthropic.com/legal/consumer-terms).

## Privacy

This repository uses an automated triage bot that sends issue contents to Anthropic's API for classification and investigation when you file a bug report or feature request. The bot reads the issue body, title, and any referenced related issues; it does not follow URLs, execute code blocks, or read content outside the triggering issue.

Do not include credentials, tokens, personal data, or anything you wouldn't put on a public issue tracker. If you post sensitive content and then edit it out, the bot's original read is preserved as a run artifact for audit — GitHub's UI hides the edit, but the bot's view of what you wrote is recoverable by maintainers.

Full design and data inventory: [`docs/issue-triage/README.md`](docs/issue-triage/README.md).

## Contributing

Contributions are welcome! By submitting a contribution, you agree to license it under the same dual-license terms as this project.